226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
GRENADA
|
||
GEOGRAPHY
|
||
Total area: 340 km2; land area: 340 km2
|
||
|
||
Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Washington,
|
||
DC
|
||
Land boundaries: none
|
||
|
||
Coastline: 121 km
|
||
|
||
Maritime claims:
|
||
|
||
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
|
||
|
||
Territorial sea: 12 nm
|
||
|
||
Climate: tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
|
||
|
||
Terrain: volcanic in origin with central mountains
|
||
|
||
Natural resources: timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors
|
||
|
||
Land use: arable land 15%; permanent crops 26%; meadows and
|
||
pastures 3%; forest and woodland 9%; other 47%
|
||
|
||
Environment: lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season
|
||
lasts from June to November
|
||
|
||
Note: islands of the Grenadines group are divided politically
|
||
with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
||
|
||
PEOPLE
|
||
Population: 83,812 (July 1991), growth rate - 0.4% (1991)
|
||
|
||
Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1991)
|
||
|
||
Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
|
||
|
||
Net migration rate: - 32 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
|
||
|
||
Infant mortality rate: 29 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
|
||
|
||
Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 74 years female (1991)
|
||
|
||
Total fertility rate: 4.7 children born/woman (1991)
|
||
|
||
Nationality: noun--Grenadian(s); adjective--Grenadian
|
||
|
||
Ethnic divisions: mainly of black African descent
|
||
|
||
Religion: largely Roman Catholic; Anglican; other Protestant sects
|
||
|
||
Language: English (official); some French patois
|
||
|
||
Literacy: 98% (male 98%, female 98%) age 15 and over having ever
|
||
attended school (1970)
|
||
|
||
Labor force: 36,000; services 31%, agriculture 24%, construction
|
||
8%, manufacturing 5%, other 32% (1985)
|
||
|
||
Organized labor: 20% of labor force
|
||
|
||
GOVERNMENT
|
||
Long-form name: none
|
||
|
||
Type: parliamentary democracy
|
||
|
||
Capital: Saint George's
|
||
|
||
Administrative divisions: 6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou
|
||
and Little Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint
|
||
John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick
|
||
|
||
Independence: 7 February 1974 (from UK)
|
||
|
||
Constitution: 19 December 1973
|
||
|
||
Legal system: based on English common law
|
||
|
||
National holiday: Independence Day, 7 February (1974)
|
||
|
||
Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime
|
||
minister, Ministers of Government (cabinet)
|
||
|
||
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of an upper
|
||
house or Senate and a lower house or House of Representatives
|
||
|
||
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
|
||
|
||
Leaders:
|
||
|
||
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
|
||
represented by Governor General Sir Paul SCOON (since 30 September 1978);
|
||
|
||
Head of Government--Prime Minister Nicholas BRATHWAITE
|
||
(since 13 March 1990)
|
||
|
||
Political parties and leaders:
|
||
National Democratic Congress (NDC), Nicholas BRATHWAITE;
|
||
Grenada United Labor Party (GULP), Sir Eric GAIRY;
|
||
The National Party (TNP), Ben JONES; New National Party (NNP), Keith
|
||
MITCHELL;
|
||
Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (MBPM), Terrence MERRYSHOW;
|
||
New Jewel Movement (NJM), Bernard COARD
|
||
|
||
Suffrage: universal at age 18
|
||
|
||
Elections:
|
||
|
||
House of Representatives--last held on 13 March 1990 (next
|
||
to be held by March 1996);
|
||
results--percent of vote by party NA;
|
||
seats--(15 total) NDC 8, GULP 3, TNP 2, NNP 2
|
||
|
||
Communists: about 450 members of the New Jewel Movement
|
||
(pro-Soviet) and the Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (pro-Cuban)
|
||
|
||
Member of: ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,
|
||
ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LAES, LORCS,
|
||
NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,
|
||
WHO, WTO
|
||
|
||
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Denneth MODESTE; Chancery at
|
||
1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202)
|
||
265-2561; there is a Grenadian Consulate General in New York;
|
||
US--Charge d'Affaires Annette VELER; Embassy at Ross Point Inn,
|
||
Saint George's (mailing address is P. O. Box 54, Saint George's);
|
||
telephone (809) 444-1173 through 1178
|
||
|
||
Flag: a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and
|
||
bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side) with a red border
|
||
around the flag; there are seven yellow five-pointed stars with three
|
||
centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border,
|
||
and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is
|
||
also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the
|
||
world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven
|
||
stars represent the seven administrative divisions
|
||
|
||
ECONOMY
|
||
Overview: The economy is essentially agricultural and centers on
|
||
the traditional production of spices and tropical plants. Agriculture
|
||
accounts for about 16% of GDP and 80% of exports and employs 24% of the
|
||
labor force. Tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner, followed by
|
||
agricultural exports. Manufacturing remains relatively undeveloped, but
|
||
is expected to grow, given a more favorable private investment climate
|
||
since 1983. Despite an impressive average annual growth rate for the
|
||
economy of 5.6% during the period 1986-90, unemployment remains high
|
||
at about 25%.
|
||
|
||
GDP: $200.7 million, per capita $2,390 (1989); real growth rate
|
||
5.4% (1990)
|
||
|
||
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.0% (1990)
|
||
|
||
Unemployment rate: 25% (1990 est.)
|
||
|
||
Budget: revenues $54.9 million; expenditures $77.6 million,
|
||
including capital expenditures of $16.6 million (1990 est.)
|
||
|
||
Exports: $27.9 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);
|
||
|
||
commodities--nutmeg 36%, cocoa beans 9%, bananas 14%, mace 8%,
|
||
textiles 5;
|
||
|
||
partners--US 12%, UK, FRG, Netherlands, Trinidad and Tobago (1989)
|
||
|
||
Imports: $115.6 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.);
|
||
|
||
commodities--food 25%, manufactured goods 22%, machinery 20%,
|
||
chemicals 10%, fuel 6% (1989);
|
||
|
||
partners--US 29%, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1989)
|
||
|
||
External debt: $90 million (1990 est.)
|
||
|
||
Industrial production: growth rate 5.8% (1989 est.); accounts
|
||
for 6% of GDP
|
||
|
||
Electricity: 12,500 kW capacity; 26 million kWh produced,
|
||
310 kWh per capita (1990)
|
||
|
||
Industries: food and beverage, textile, light assembly operations,
|
||
tourism, construction
|
||
|
||
Agriculture: accounts for 16% of GDP and 80% of exports; bananas,
|
||
cocoa, nutmeg, and mace account for two-thirds of total crop production;
|
||
world's second-largest producer and fourth-largest exporter of nutmeg
|
||
and mace; small-size farms predominate, growing a variety of citrus
|
||
fruits, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, and vegetables
|
||
|
||
Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY84-89), $60
|
||
million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
|
||
(1970-88), $67 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $32 million
|
||
|
||
Currency: East Caribbean dollar (plural--dollars);
|
||
1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
|
||
|
||
Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1--2.70 (fixed
|
||
rate since 1976)
|
||
|
||
Fiscal year: calendar year
|
||
|
||
COMMUNICATIONS
|
||
Highways: 1,000 km total; 600 km paved, 300 km otherwise improved;
|
||
100 km unimproved
|
||
|
||
Ports: Saint George's
|
||
|
||
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
|
||
|
||
Airports: 3 total, 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways;
|
||
none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
|
||
1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
|
||
|
||
Telecommunications: automatic, islandwide telephone system with
|
||
5,650 telephones; new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
|
||
VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
|
||
|
||
DEFENSE FORCES
|
||
Branches: Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard
|
||
|
||
Manpower availability: NA
|
||
|
||
Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
|
||
|
||
|