226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
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GRENADA
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 340 km2; land area: 340 km2
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Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Washington,
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DC
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 121 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
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Terrain: volcanic in origin with central mountains
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Natural resources: timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors
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Land use: arable land 15%; permanent crops 26%; meadows and
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pastures 3%; forest and woodland 9%; other 47%
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Environment: lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season
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lasts from June to November
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Note: islands of the Grenadines group are divided politically
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with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
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PEOPLE
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Population: 83,812 (July 1991), growth rate - 0.4% (1991)
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Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: - 32 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 29 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 74 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 4.7 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Grenadian(s); adjective--Grenadian
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Ethnic divisions: mainly of black African descent
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Religion: largely Roman Catholic; Anglican; other Protestant sects
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Language: English (official); some French patois
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Literacy: 98% (male 98%, female 98%) age 15 and over having ever
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attended school (1970)
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Labor force: 36,000; services 31%, agriculture 24%, construction
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8%, manufacturing 5%, other 32% (1985)
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Organized labor: 20% of labor force
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: none
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Type: parliamentary democracy
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Capital: Saint George's
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Administrative divisions: 6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou
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and Little Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint
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John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick
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Independence: 7 February 1974 (from UK)
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Constitution: 19 December 1973
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Legal system: based on English common law
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National holiday: Independence Day, 7 February (1974)
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Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime
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minister, Ministers of Government (cabinet)
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Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of an upper
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house or Senate and a lower house or House of Representatives
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Judicial branch: Supreme Court
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Leaders:
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Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
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represented by Governor General Sir Paul SCOON (since 30 September 1978);
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Head of Government--Prime Minister Nicholas BRATHWAITE
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(since 13 March 1990)
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Political parties and leaders:
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National Democratic Congress (NDC), Nicholas BRATHWAITE;
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Grenada United Labor Party (GULP), Sir Eric GAIRY;
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The National Party (TNP), Ben JONES; New National Party (NNP), Keith
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MITCHELL;
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Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (MBPM), Terrence MERRYSHOW;
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New Jewel Movement (NJM), Bernard COARD
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Suffrage: universal at age 18
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Elections:
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House of Representatives--last held on 13 March 1990 (next
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to be held by March 1996);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(15 total) NDC 8, GULP 3, TNP 2, NNP 2
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Communists: about 450 members of the New Jewel Movement
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(pro-Soviet) and the Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (pro-Cuban)
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Member of: ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,
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ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LAES, LORCS,
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NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,
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WHO, WTO
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Denneth MODESTE; Chancery at
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1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202)
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265-2561; there is a Grenadian Consulate General in New York;
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US--Charge d'Affaires Annette VELER; Embassy at Ross Point Inn,
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Saint George's (mailing address is P. O. Box 54, Saint George's);
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telephone (809) 444-1173 through 1178
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Flag: a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and
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bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side) with a red border
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around the flag; there are seven yellow five-pointed stars with three
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centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border,
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and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is
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also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the
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world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven
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stars represent the seven administrative divisions
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ECONOMY
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Overview: The economy is essentially agricultural and centers on
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the traditional production of spices and tropical plants. Agriculture
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accounts for about 16% of GDP and 80% of exports and employs 24% of the
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labor force. Tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner, followed by
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agricultural exports. Manufacturing remains relatively undeveloped, but
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is expected to grow, given a more favorable private investment climate
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since 1983. Despite an impressive average annual growth rate for the
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economy of 5.6% during the period 1986-90, unemployment remains high
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at about 25%.
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GDP: $200.7 million, per capita $2,390 (1989); real growth rate
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5.4% (1990)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.0% (1990)
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Unemployment rate: 25% (1990 est.)
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Budget: revenues $54.9 million; expenditures $77.6 million,
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including capital expenditures of $16.6 million (1990 est.)
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Exports: $27.9 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);
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commodities--nutmeg 36%, cocoa beans 9%, bananas 14%, mace 8%,
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textiles 5;
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partners--US 12%, UK, FRG, Netherlands, Trinidad and Tobago (1989)
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Imports: $115.6 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.);
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commodities--food 25%, manufactured goods 22%, machinery 20%,
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chemicals 10%, fuel 6% (1989);
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partners--US 29%, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1989)
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External debt: $90 million (1990 est.)
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Industrial production: growth rate 5.8% (1989 est.); accounts
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for 6% of GDP
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Electricity: 12,500 kW capacity; 26 million kWh produced,
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310 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industries: food and beverage, textile, light assembly operations,
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tourism, construction
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Agriculture: accounts for 16% of GDP and 80% of exports; bananas,
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cocoa, nutmeg, and mace account for two-thirds of total crop production;
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world's second-largest producer and fourth-largest exporter of nutmeg
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and mace; small-size farms predominate, growing a variety of citrus
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fruits, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, and vegetables
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Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY84-89), $60
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million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
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(1970-88), $67 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $32 million
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Currency: East Caribbean dollar (plural--dollars);
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1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
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Exchange rates: East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1--2.70 (fixed
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rate since 1976)
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Fiscal year: calendar year
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Highways: 1,000 km total; 600 km paved, 300 km otherwise improved;
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100 km unimproved
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Ports: Saint George's
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Civil air: no major transport aircraft
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Airports: 3 total, 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways;
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none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
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1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: automatic, islandwide telephone system with
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5,650 telephones; new SHF links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent;
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VHF and UHF links to Trinidad and Carriacou; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard
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Manpower availability: NA
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Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
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