87 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
87 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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ßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßßÛÜÞÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÞß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on Child Abuse ]
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[x]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [ ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 10/94 # of Words:505 School: ? State: ?
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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STUDY OF FAMILY INTERACTION LEAD TO NEW UNDERSTANDING OF ABUSIVE PARENTS
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Researchers at the University of Toronto have taken important steps
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toward producing a profile of an abusive parent. Prof. Gary Walters and
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doctoral student Lynn Oldershaw of the Department of Psychology have
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developed a system to characterize parents who physically abuse their
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children. This could ultimately allow social service professionals to
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identify parents in child abuse.
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Over the last five years, Walters and Oldershaw, in collaboration with
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Darlene Hall of the West End Creche, have examined over 100 mothers and
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their three to six-year-old children who have been physically abused. In
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the laboratory, the mother and child spend 30 minutes in structured
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activities such as playing, eating and cleaning-up. The family interaction
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is video-taped and later analyzed.
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The researchers have developed a system which allows them to record the
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effectiveness of parenting skills. They are particularly interested in
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disciplinary strategies because abuse most commonly occurs when the parent
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wants the child to comply. "It's a question of trying to determine which
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type of parent produces which type of child or which type of child elicits
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which type of parental behaviour," explains Oldershaw.
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As a result of their work, Walters and Oldershaw have identified
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distinct categories of abusive parents and their children.
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'Harsh/intrusive' mothers are excessively harsh and constantly badger their
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child to behave. Despite the fact that these mothers humiliate and
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disapprove of their child, there are times when they hug, kiss or speak to
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them warmly. This type of mothering produces an aggressive, disobedient
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child.
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A 'covert/hostile' mother shows no positive feelings towards her child.
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She makes blatant attacks on the child's self-worth and denies him
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affection or attention. For his part, the child tries to engage his
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mother's attention and win her approval.
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An 'emotionally detached' mother has very little involvement with her
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child. She appears depressed and uninterested in the child's activities.
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The child of this type of mother displays no characteristics which set him
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apart from other children.
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In order to put together a parenting profile, the two researchers
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examine the mother/child interaction and their perception and feelings. For
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instance, Walters and Oldershaw take into account the mother's sense of
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herself as a parent and her impression of her child. The researchers also
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try to determine the child's perception of himself or herself and of the
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parent. Abusive parents are often believed to have inadequate parenting
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skills and are referred to programs to improve these skills. These programs
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are particularly appropriate for parents who, themselves, were raised by
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abusive parents and as a result are ignorant of any other behavior toward
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her child.
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One of the goals of the psychologists is to provide information to
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therapists which will help tailor therapy to the individual needs of the
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abusive parents. "Recidivism rates for abusive care-givers are high," says
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Walters. "To a large extent, abusive parents which require a variety of
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treatment. " Their research is funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities
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Research Council.
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Contact:
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Gary Walters (416)978-7814
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Lynn Oldershaw (416)978-3528
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