212 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
212 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
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SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON
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(territorial collectivity of France)
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 242 km2; land area: 242 km2; includes eight small
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islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
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Comparative area: slightly less than 1.5 times the size of
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Washington, DC
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 120 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Disputes: focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and
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France
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Climate: cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn
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are windy
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Terrain: mostly barren rock
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Natural resources: fish, deepwater ports
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Land use: arable land 13%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and
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pastures 0%; forest and woodland 4%; other 83%
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Environment: vegetation scanty
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Note: located 25 km south of Newfoundland, Canada, in the
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North Atlantic Ocean
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PEOPLE
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Population: 6,356 (July 1991), growth rate 0.4% (1991)
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Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: - 6 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 9 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 79 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 2.2 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women);
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adjective--French
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Ethnic divisions: originally Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
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Religion: Roman Catholic 98%
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Language: French
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Literacy: 99% (male 99%, female 99%) age 15 and over can
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read and write (1982)
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Labor force: 2,850 (1988)
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Organized labor: Workers' Force trade union
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and
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Miquelon
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Type: territorial collectivity of France
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Capital: Saint-Pierre
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Administrative divisions: none (territorial collectivity of France)
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Independence: none (territorial collectivity of France);
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note--has been under French control since 1763
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Constitution: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
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Legal system: French law
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National holiday: National Day, 14 July (Taking of the Bastille)
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Executive branch: commissioner of the Republic
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Legislative branch: unicameral General Council
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Judicial branch: Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur
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d'Appel)
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Leaders:
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Chief of State--President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May
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1981);
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Head of Government--Commissioner of the Republic Jean-Pierre
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MARQUIE (since February 1989); President of the General Council Marc
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PLANTEGENEST (since NA)
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Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party (PS);
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Union for French Democracy (UDF/CDS), Gerard GRIGNON
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Suffrage: universal at age 18
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Elections:
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General Council--last held September-October 1988 (next to be
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held September 1994);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(19 total) Socialist and other left-wing parties 13, UDF and
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right-wing parties 6;
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French President--last held 8 May 1988 (next to be held May 1995);
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results--(second ballot) Jacques CHIRAC 56%, Francois MITTERRAND 44%;
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French Senate--last held 24 September 1989 (next
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to be held September 1992);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(1 total) PS 1;
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French National Assembly--last held 5 and 12 June 1988
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(next to be held June 1993);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(1 total) UDF/CDS 1
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Member of: FZ, WFTU
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Diplomatic representation: as a territorial collectivity of France,
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local interests are represented in the US by France
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Flag: the flag of France is used
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ECONOMY
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Overview: The inhabitants have traditionally earned their
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livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the
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coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because
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the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre has dropped steadily over
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the years. In March 1989, an agreement between France and Canada set fish
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quotas for Saint Pierre's trawlers fishing in Canadian and
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Canadian-claimed waters for three years. The agreement settles a
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longstanding dispute that had virtually brought fish exports to a halt.
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The islands are heavily subsidized by France. Imports come primarily from
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Canada and France.
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GDP: $50 million, per capita $7,900; real growth rate NA%
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(1990 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
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Unemployment rate: 8.3% (1988)
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Budget: revenues $18.3 million; expenditures $18.3 million,
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including capital expenditures of $5.5 million (1989)
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Exports: $24.1 million (f.o.b., 1988);
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commodities--fish and fish products, fox and mink pelts;
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partners--US 58%, France 17%, UK 11%, Canada, Portugal
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Imports: $61.6 million (c.i.f., 1988);
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commodities--meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery,
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building materials;
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partners--Canada, France, US, Netherlands, UK
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External debt: $NA
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Industrial production: growth rate NA%
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Electricity: 10,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced,
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3,970 kWh per capita (1989)
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Industries: fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets;
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tourism
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Agriculture: vegetables, cattle, sheep and pigs for local
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consumption; fish catch, 20,500 metric tons (1989)
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Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
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commitments (1970-88), $493 million
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Currency: French franc (plural--francs); 1 French franc (F) =
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100 centimes
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Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1--5.1307 (January 1991),
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5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987), 6.9261
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(1986), 8.9852 (1985)
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Fiscal year: calendar year
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Highways: 120 km total; 60 km paved (1985)
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Ports: Saint Pierre
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Civil air: no major transport aircraft
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Airports: 2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways,
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none with runways over 2,439 m; 1 with runway 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: 3,601 telephones; stations--1 AM, 3 FM, no TV;
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radiotelecommunication with most countries in the world; 1
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earth station in French domestic system
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Note: defense is the responsibility of France
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