1613 lines
64 KiB
Plaintext
1613 lines
64 KiB
Plaintext
The Radio Spectrum - UK Allocations (version 24feb99)
|
||
-----------------------------------
|
||
|
||
(based on the HTML version at:
|
||
http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/8243/spectrum.html )
|
||
|
||
|
||
A guide from 1 Hz to 30 EHz (DC to Gamma rays). The main bands, all frequencies
|
||
in MHz unless otherwise stated. With grateful thanks to the UK Radiocomms Agency
|
||
for so openly publishling all you need to know... even if actually tuning in to
|
||
anything other than Broadcasting/CB/Ham is not allowed, that's the rules, folks.
|
||
Which is why there are no details of Private systems here...
|
||
|
||
DISCLAIMER: This page is provided for interest/curiosity only. Private services
|
||
should remain that way, if you listen without a licence (you can't get them) to
|
||
anything other than licenced Broadcasting or Amateur Radio (& CB) you are
|
||
breaking the law. Even having a private frequency stored in a receiver's memory
|
||
channel is considered to be proof of intercepting messages that are not
|
||
intended for you. Penalties include heavy fines and/or imprisonment.
|
||
You have been warned.
|
||
|
||
PLEASE COPY THIS FILE FOR YOUR OWN PERSONAL USE, SO THAT IT MAY LIVE FOREVER!
|
||
|
||
So what's the point of this page? Personally, I've been fascinated by the magic
|
||
of radio all of my life, fiddling around with radios since primary school, and
|
||
over the years having read a fair bit about communication systems and the radio
|
||
spectrum, I've now got a lot of radio information rattling around in my head.
|
||
I thought it would be nice to share it with the world, via the web, to show
|
||
what a crowded resource the RF spectrum is; how every nook and cranny is
|
||
allocated to some service or other; how the RA has to balance the needs of
|
||
various services when they are asked for more spectrum. Also, with all that RF
|
||
energy passing through your body, don't you think you have a right to know
|
||
exactly what sort of emissions are zapping through you? (I'm not saying you
|
||
have a right to know the content of the messages, only the nature of the
|
||
delivery). Also, Amateurs should be aware of the services that could be
|
||
affected should their equipment not be up to the required standard. Likewise
|
||
to anyone foolish enough to consider operating an unlicenced pirate station
|
||
- just don't - there really isn't any point is there? And lastly, because
|
||
published books are often out of date or plainly wrong in these matters.
|
||
|
||
So if you've ever wondered what's beyond the dial on your ordinary radio, this
|
||
is the page for you. Just be aware that you shouldn't tune in to anything
|
||
private - if someone is talking loudly in the street and you can easily
|
||
overhear, you still don't morally have the right to listen do you? If the vast
|
||
amount of broadcasts and ham radio conversations aren't enough to amuse you
|
||
(and the rest of what life in general has to offer) then that's quite sad. If I
|
||
ever have time to switch on my receiver (to see what the propagation's like)
|
||
the only bands I need to go to are amateur ones. And good music is much more
|
||
satisfying. If you can find it.
|
||
|
||
In a decade or so there may not be all that much else to listen to anyway on
|
||
current scanners, with FM broadcasters moving to DAB, analogue TV making way to
|
||
digital, PMR and emergency services changing to TETRA, and both Marine and Aero
|
||
traffic increasingly using digital modes and satellites for routine traffic,
|
||
cellphones all digital. Maybe the spectrum will one day consist of just one
|
||
system for mobile access to THE NET which provides for all possible
|
||
communication needs - a load of buzzing noises wherever you tune, except for
|
||
the long-established amateur bands! Then you scanner owners can relax, you
|
||
won't be able to do anything illegal with them if you try - unless you decide
|
||
to throw them through someone's window...
|
||
|
||
I would say that if you have an interest in these matters, devote your
|
||
energies to Amateur Radio PLEASE! We need more activity in the bands. Amateur
|
||
radio covers bands from Low Frequencies (with 2km wavelengths) to ultra-high
|
||
micro-wave bands (wavelengths in millimeters) with modes ranging from good
|
||
old-fashioned morse code (CW) to AM/FM speech (communications bandwidths) to
|
||
advanced narrowband speech (Single Side Band) to Television (slow scan like
|
||
FAX through to full motion/definition FMW broadcast quality) to digital/data
|
||
modes like RTTY and Packet. Transmissions can be direct, fixed and mobile (and
|
||
Maritime Mobile), via satellite, bent through the troposphere, bounced off
|
||
various layer of charged particles in the upper atmosphere, or even bounced off
|
||
the moon (EME), or shooting stars (MS)! And all for just 15 quid per year -
|
||
bargain. Go on - prove you know what you're talking about - take the RAE
|
||
examination soon. Even if you don't ever use it... See the RA web-page,
|
||
or the Radio Society of Groovy Britain site for more details, or the "UK Ham
|
||
Radio FAQ". And the G7KPF Quick Links page too. Join and support the RSGB also,
|
||
it's a good idea as they do tend to negotiate new bands for us.
|
||
|
||
Of course, I might just be saying all this to divert attention from my
|
||
naughty scanning obsession - and Ham Radio is a boring waste of time! Hehe,
|
||
you decide!
|
||
|
||
Here then, is my quick tour of the spectrum of 1999, with links to other sites
|
||
where appropriate.
|
||
|
||
All information sourced from freely published books, magazines and web-sites
|
||
(RA,ERO), without the need for a scanner, as part of an ongoing quest to figure
|
||
out what lies beyond the broadcasting bands...
|
||
|
||
|
||
NOTE 1: SAB (Services Ancillary to Broadcasting), SAP (..to Program making),
|
||
PMSE (Program Making & Special Events) - when TV/radio/film/programme makers
|
||
use radio (managed by JFMG) - like the military and many low-power devices,
|
||
they seem to crop up all over the spectrum! However, some of the allocations
|
||
in shared bands (mainly BBC) are to cease in 2000, leaving mostly primary
|
||
bands.
|
||
As Bands I, III, IV and V are designated BROADCASTING it seems logical that
|
||
broadcasters may also use these bands for Outside Broadcasts, microphones,
|
||
talkback, comm.s and links etc., either in the VHF bands that are no longer
|
||
used for broadcasting, or at UHF on locally unused channels.
|
||
Mics at near 174 are very popular, as well as other parts of Band III that
|
||
coincide with French TV carriers and so are not used for PBR.
|
||
|
||
NOTE 2: Home Office for the Emergency Services - previous versions of this
|
||
document did not mention these allocations, but as the bands are shown on RA
|
||
pages, and in various books, some are now included for the sake of clarity.
|
||
Only the BANDS are shown, not actual frequencies in use. Do NOT listen in!
|
||
|
||
NOTE 3: Military - various web pages will show that there is a world market
|
||
for equipment operating in the bands such as HF, 30-87.5 (25kHz FM),
|
||
116-155 & 225-400 (25kHz AM), 470-512 etc. Note that whilst the odd Combat
|
||
Net here and there may be "in the clear" any serious tactical use would be
|
||
very hard to find. Frequency hopping and scrambling are used - after all,
|
||
would you want your country defended by forces that could be easily
|
||
monitored?
|
||
Operational use (like PMR) for base security, training, Mil. Police, MOULD
|
||
etc. involves fixed frequencies, and various books show that Low VHF, Low
|
||
Band, Mid Band, 406.1-420 and UHF1 are heavily used for these purposes.
|
||
There is currently a general move from VHF to UHF, and the use of a TETRA
|
||
system is being considered. This type of radio traffic is still not to be
|
||
listened to!
|
||
|
||
Here is... the Electromagnetic spectrum...
|
||
|
||
|
||
MHz
|
||
|
||
lower than 1Hz? Slowly-changing DC more like.
|
||
|
||
--0.000001--(1Hz, 1 per sec.)---
|
||
Natural "Earth waves"
|
||
|
||
Hz Brainwaves... (Electrical activity in your thinking-gear)
|
||
0.1... Delta - Sleep
|
||
3... Theta - Sluggish, day-dreaming
|
||
7... Alpha - Relaxed and receptive
|
||
13... Beta - Very alert
|
||
30... High Beta - Paranormal powers!
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
--0.00002---(20Hz)--------------
|
||
Audible if converted to soundwaves (like with, er, speakers)
|
||
|
||
0.000050 UK mains AC electricity (50Hz, 240V) - 6000 km wavelength
|
||
|
||
0.000067 CTCSS (Tone squelch) tones
|
||
67 69.3 71.9 74.4 77 79.7 82.5 85.4 88.5 91.5 94.8 97.4 100
|
||
103.5 107.2 110.9 114.8 118.8 123 127.3 131.8 136.5 141.3
|
||
146.2 151.4 156.7 162.2 167.9 173.8 179.9 186.2 192.8 203.5
|
||
206.5 210.7 218.1 225.7 229.1 233.6 241.8 250.3 254.1Hz
|
||
(150 Hz is a military standard)
|
||
|
||
---music---
|
||
0.000016,35 C-1 nice and bass-y (16Hz)
|
||
0.000261,63 C3 note "middle C"
|
||
277.18 C# (these in Hz)
|
||
293.66 D
|
||
311.13 D# To double a frequency in 12 equal steps (semi-tones)
|
||
329.63 E to complete one octave, multiply a note by 2 to the power
|
||
349.23 F of 1/12th to obtain the next note.
|
||
369.99 F# 440 (A) x 1.059463094 = 466.16 (A#)
|
||
392.0 G
|
||
415.3 G#
|
||
440.0 A used for main reference
|
||
466.16 A#
|
||
493.88 B
|
||
0.000523,25 C4 the note C again. Only an octave higher. (x2, yeah?)
|
||
4186.00 C7 a really annoying 4kHz note C
|
||
7902.13 B7
|
||
0.012543,85 G8 highest midi note
|
||
|
||
0.002700.. above 2.7 kHz not neccessary for comms speech, phones etc, and so
|
||
for telephones it's filtered out. Hence too the 3kHz channel
|
||
spacings on HF.
|
||
0.015... FM broadcast audio is filtered out above 15kHz
|
||
0.019 FM stereo "pilot tone"
|
||
0.020 approx. limit of human hearing. Bats, on the other hand...
|
||
|
||
|
||
--0.003------(3kHz)-------------
|
||
VLF,LF: Mobile, Fixed, Navigation, DGPS,
|
||
Time Signals (20,25,50,60,66.6,75kHz)
|
||
Enormous wavelengths are very useful for penetrating rock, cave to
|
||
surface - molephones) and the oceans (for submarines) but the antennas
|
||
need to be rather large, or magnetic loops.
|
||
|
||
0.0102 Omega hyperbolic fix Nav. (& 11.05 & 11.33 & 13.6 kHz) **until sep97**
|
||
0.060 MSF British Time signal
|
||
0.070...Decca Nav. purple slaves, to 72kHz Llancarfan
|
||
0.073 Ham 4km band ( 71.6- 74.4 kHz) ** UK only, until 30.June.2000 **
|
||
0.084...Decca Nav. masters, to 86kHz Bolberry Down
|
||
0.100 NELS Loran-C Navigation. pulsed. Loophead,Lessay,Sylt,Soustons
|
||
0.112...Decca Nav. red slaves, to 117.6kHz Jersey
|
||
0.126...Decca Nav. green slaves, to 129kHz St.Marys
|
||
0.13675 Ham 2km band (135.7-137.8 kHz) ** new Euro band, 1998 **
|
||
|
||
|
||
--0.1485------------------------
|
||
0.153.. LW AM Broadcasting, to 0.279 - 9kHz channels (ITU Region1)
|
||
+ some Nav. (NDB)
|
||
|
||
153 Germany, Romania, Algeria
|
||
162 France, Turkey
|
||
171 Russia, Morocco,
|
||
177 Germany
|
||
183 Germany
|
||
189 Italy
|
||
198 UK BBC Radio 4
|
||
207 Germany, Morocco
|
||
216 France, Norway
|
||
225 Poland, spare UK allocation
|
||
234 Luxembourg, Russia
|
||
243 Denmark
|
||
252 EIRE Atlantic 252, Algeria
|
||
261 Moscow
|
||
270 Czech
|
||
279 Belarus, Isle of Man (soon)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
--0.2835------------------------
|
||
Marine/Aero Navigation (NDB beacons) + Maritime Mobile (CW)
|
||
|
||
0.500 Calling, Distress (CW)
|
||
0.518 Navtex, (& 490 & 4209.5 kHz)
|
||
|
||
|
||
--0.5265--MF--------------------
|
||
0.531.. MW AM Broadcasting, to 1.602 - 9 kHz channels (10kHz to 1.700 in USA)
|
||
|
||
0.648 BBC World Service
|
||
0.693 BBC Radio 5
|
||
0.909 BBC Radio 5
|
||
1.053 INR3 - Talk Radio UK
|
||
1.089 INR3 - Talk Radio UK
|
||
1.197 INR2 - Virgin Radio
|
||
1.215 INR2 - Virgin Radio
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
--1.6065-------------------------
|
||
MF mobile, Maritime and Aero. (OR)
|
||
|
||
1.642...Cordless phones (base), to 1782 (8x 20kHz FM),
|
||
handsets at 47.443-47.543 MHz (12.5kHz spacing, 6.25 offsets)
|
||
(to be eventually withdrawn)
|
||
|
||
Amateur Radio 160m "Top Band" (1.81-2.0) (SSB used is mainly LSB)
|
||
|
||
2.182 Calling, Distress
|
||
|
||
|
||
--2.85----HF-------------------- the "real shortwave bands"!
|
||
mobile, fixed, military, ISM, SRD, and... "numbers stations"
|
||
|
||
AM Broadcasting
|
||
(around 2.4, 3.3, 3.975, 5, 6, 7.2, 9.7, 11.8, 13.7, 15.3, 17.8,
|
||
21.6, 25.8)
|
||
|
||
Amateur Radio
|
||
80m ( 3.5 - 3.8) (SSB mainly LSB)
|
||
40m ( 7.0 - 7.1) (SSB mainly LSB)
|
||
30m (10.1 - 10.15) (SSB not recommended) (WARC)
|
||
20m (14.0 - 14.35)
|
||
16.5m (18.068-18.168) (WARC)
|
||
15m (21.0 - 21.45)
|
||
12m (24.89- 24.99) (WARC)
|
||
|
||
Standard Frequency references, and Time signals
|
||
(at 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Maritime (3kHz SSB channels)
|
||
|
||
2046+ 2049 intership (kHz)
|
||
2053+ 2056 intership
|
||
2241 British intership
|
||
2246 British intership
|
||
2301 British intership --Calling--
|
||
4146+ 4149 intership
|
||
4357- 4435 shore chs 401- 427 ( -292kHz split: 4065- 4143) 4417/ 4125
|
||
6224- 6230 intership
|
||
6501- 6522 shore chs 601- 608 ( -301kHz split: 6200- 6221) 6516/ 6215
|
||
8291 ch 833 GMDSS
|
||
8294+ 8297 intership
|
||
8707- 8716 chs 834-837
|
||
8719- 8812 shore chs 801- 832 ( -524kHz split: 8195- 8288) 8779/ 8255
|
||
12353-12365 intership
|
||
13077-13197 shore chs 1201-1241 ( -847kHz split: 12230-12350) 13137/12290
|
||
16528-16546 intership
|
||
17242-17410 shore chs 1601-1656 ( -882kHz split: 16360-16525) 17302/16420
|
||
18825-18843 intership
|
||
19755-19797 shore chs 1801-1815 ( -975kHz split: 18780-18822) 19770/18795
|
||
22159-22177 intership
|
||
22696-22852 shore chs 2201-2253 ( -696kHz split: 22000-22156) 22756/22060
|
||
25100-25118 intership
|
||
26145-26172 shore chs 2501-2510 (-1075kHz split: 25070-25097) 26172/25097
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Aeronautical R or ER (Routed or En-Route on fixed airways; so mainly
|
||
civil) (3kHz SSB channels)
|
||
|
||
2851- 3019 kHz
|
||
3401- 3497
|
||
4651- 4696
|
||
5481- 5676
|
||
6526- 6682
|
||
8816- 8960
|
||
10006-10096
|
||
11276-11396
|
||
13261-13357
|
||
17901-17967
|
||
21925-21997
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Aeronautical OR (Off-Route; so mainly military) (3kHz SSB channels)
|
||
GHFS
|
||
|
||
3023- 3152 kHz
|
||
4700- 4995
|
||
5680- GMDSS SAR
|
||
5684- 5726
|
||
6685- 6763
|
||
8965- 9037
|
||
11175-11271
|
||
13200-13257
|
||
15010-15097
|
||
17970-18027
|
||
23200-23350
|
||
|
||
|
||
In the remaining parts of HF, you'd be forgiven for thinking anything goes!
|
||
|
||
--26.175--------------------------
|
||
Fixed & Mobile (not aero)
|
||
|
||
26.243..Paging, to 26.8625
|
||
26.25 JFMG talkback (simp) 12.5kHz 20W, and 26.35, 26.45
|
||
26.87 ..future SSB CB, to 26.96 (provisional plans)
|
||
|
||
SRD, models, ISM
|
||
26.995 "Brown" (AM) 1mW
|
||
27.045 "Red"
|
||
27.095 "Orange"
|
||
27.120 Test/Dev., ISM
|
||
27.145 "Yellow"
|
||
27.195 "Green"
|
||
27.245 "Blue"
|
||
|
||
|
||
26.965..CB, to 27.405 - 40 CEPT "EURO" FM channels : 10kHz spacings (PR27)
|
||
26.965 ch 1
|
||
to gaps where the model channels fit in (except "blue")
|
||
27.405 ch 40
|
||
|
||
27.41... Alarms
|
||
27.41... future Digital CB, to 27.51 (provisional plans)
|
||
27.5 ... Mobile, to 28 Weather balloons (sondes)
|
||
27.601..CB, to 27.991 - 40 UK FM 10 kHz channels (27/81)
|
||
27.601 ch 1
|
||
to
|
||
27.731 UK calling: Channel 14
|
||
CB can be fairly useful (when you want to speak to normal people,
|
||
not just radio nutters), but what a pity we're stuck with an HF
|
||
allocation clogged up with foreign SSB rather too often...
|
||
to We need a system that allows silent monitoring, like CTCSS, or
|
||
(even better) a 460 MHz system as they do in the USA, Australia etc.
|
||
NOTE: (oct98) it looks like PMR 446 will do nicely, apart from the
|
||
low power.
|
||
27.991 ch 40
|
||
|
||
28... Amateur 10m band, to 29.7 CW,USB,Satellite,FM
|
||
29.6 FM calling
|
||
29.55...overseas FM repeaters, to 29.7
|
||
The use of HF spectrum as we know it changes near 26.1MHz, where usage
|
||
becomes more like VHF/6 meters. You'd think that if any Tom, Dick or
|
||
Harriet can use 4W on 26 MHz, that a licenced Class B amateur would be
|
||
able to use at least 3W (novice level) somewhere in this band,
|
||
wouldn't you? But no, 30MHz is the cut off point (despite not
|
||
corresponding to the edge of any practical band usage) where you need
|
||
to pass a Morse test just to be able to use SSB! And who do they
|
||
survey, to see if things should change? The very people who have
|
||
already suffered the ordeal! SELFISH B*****DS. Don't get caught up in
|
||
the way things happened in the past, riding waves of nostalgia, but
|
||
concentrate on the present, the future, what today's very different
|
||
generations could enjoy - share your precious bands with those who can
|
||
already do the same thing at 50MHz when the conditions are right. When
|
||
ever we're at work, that is. Or make the Morse test need to be
|
||
re-taken every five years, we'll see how quickly it gets dropped then!
|
||
|
||
Suppose there was no Amateur Radio, but such a service was being
|
||
planned, to start next year, with the rules and regulation we
|
||
currently endure. There would be an uproar, wouldn't there? Nobody
|
||
would seriously suggest a morse requirement. I rest my case.
|
||
We do not NEED different licence classes apart from Novice and Full.
|
||
And don't use that tired old "wally filter" argument, I've already
|
||
gone to the trouble of passing the RA Exam. Don't interfere with MY
|
||
life, go and live your OWN.
|
||
|
||
I do acknowledge the "true spirit of amateur radio" (homebrew and
|
||
experimentation) IS different from the fanatical pursuit of "radio
|
||
DXing". I'd settle then for a two class system where existing Novices
|
||
and Class B licencees could use HF SSB on restricted parts of the
|
||
bands using type-approved equipment. With DXing available to the
|
||
public with properly regulated callsigns maybe 27MHz would become a
|
||
peaceful haven for local FM comms, and the Aero (R) 6.6MHz channels
|
||
could be clear at last.
|
||
|
||
And I DO realise that CW can get through when all else fails, and
|
||
that if I ever reached 12 words per minutes I might get to enjoy it.
|
||
Maybe. But I object strongly to HAVING to. Similar argument - you've
|
||
no right to force someone to drink something that you're sure they'll
|
||
like. And if you disagree with that, change the subject to sex then
|
||
try again. Again, the Golden Rule in life -
|
||
don't live someone else's life for them - live your own!
|
||
|
||
Glad I've got that off my chest...
|
||
|
||
|
||
--29.7----VHF-------------------
|
||
Mobile
|
||
military (30.3-30.5 and 32.15-32.45 EU1 harmonised)
|
||
+ SRD Short Range Devices, R/C Models, Cordless Phones, Alarms,
|
||
Hospital Paging
|
||
|
||
On rare occasions ion layer conditions allow the reception of FM
|
||
business/police signals here from the USA.
|
||
|
||
35.0... Model aircraft, to 35.25 (25x 10kHz) 100mW
|
||
39.9375.Cordless phones, to 40.1125 (split -8.9: 31.0375-31.2125)
|
||
40.500 Distress, Rescue (often wrongly listed as 40.050) 40.5 x 3 = 121.5
|
||
40.66...ISM, to 40.7 ** proposed new Euro amateur beacons band **
|
||
(40.68 +/- 20kHz)
|
||
40.665..Surface models, to 40.955 (33x 10kHz) 100mW cars and boats
|
||
|
||
41 ... Harmonised Military Band (EU1)
|
||
|
||
|
||
--47---------------------------
|
||
Band I - TV Broadcasting (not in UK since 1984 -
|
||
so, great for TV DXing!)
|
||
UK: Mobile - SRD, Radio Mics, Alarms
|
||
|
||
Euro TV 7MHz ch.: E2 47-54, E3 54-61, E4 61-68
|
||
Old UK 5MHz ch.: B1 41.25-46.25, B2 48-53, B3 53-58,
|
||
B4 58-63, B5 63-68 (snd. @ +0.25, vis. @ +3.75)
|
||
|
||
47.3... Cordless phones & alarms, to 47.55
|
||
47.550..JFMG, to 48.880 - talkback (base - split to 52MHz) + links
|
||
48.975..Paging, to 49.4875
|
||
49.82...SRD, to 49.98 baby alarms etc.
|
||
|
||
|
||
50... Amateur Radio 6m band, to 52 (varies in other countries). Primary.
|
||
Beacons...
|
||
50.09...CW/SSB...
|
||
50.11 Inter-continental SSB DX
|
||
50.15 SSB centre-of-activity
|
||
50.72.. UK Repeaters, to 50.88 (split +0.5)
|
||
51... secondary...
|
||
51.21.. repeater inputs, to 51.39 (both UK and Euro systems)
|
||
51.41.. FM simplex, to 51.59 (20 kHz channels)
|
||
51.51 FM calling channel
|
||
51.81.. Euro. repeaters, to 51.99 (split -0.6)
|
||
|
||
52.0... JFMG, to 52.95 - talkback (mobile - split to 48Hz) + links
|
||
52.95...
|
||
53.75.. JFMG, to 55.75 - links (5W)
|
||
55.75 ... PBR, see 62.75
|
||
57.5... CBS (planned), to 60.75 (split +7: 64.5 -67.75)
|
||
60.75.. JFMG links (5W)
|
||
62.75.. PBR (planned), to 64.5 (split -7: 55.75-57.50)
|
||
64.5 ... CBS, see 57.5
|
||
67.7625...
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise 54-68:
|
||
61.0125 ... Base, to 67.9875 (split -7: 54.0125-60.9875)
|
||
|
||
--68------Low Band-------------
|
||
Mobile, military, emergency services (French splits -4.05, -5, -3)
|
||
Military PTARMIGAN access links
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise this band:
|
||
77.8125 ... Base, to 87.4875 (split -9.8: 68.0125-77.6875)
|
||
single: 77.7-77.8 and 74.8-75.2 & 84.6-85
|
||
|
||
Various countries overseas allow FM radio broadcasting from 65-74
|
||
and 76-87.5 (eg OIRT), this often reaches us.
|
||
|
||
68.0875.PBR, to 69.9875 single, dual: see 81.5875
|
||
|
||
(68.816... JFMG, to 69.904 - Talkback base (12.5kHz - split to 75MHz)
|
||
to cease in 2000)
|
||
|
||
|
||
70... Amateur 4m band, to 70.5 (since 1956; mainly UK only) Secondary
|
||
Beacons...
|
||
70.03.. CW/SSB
|
||
70.15 Meteor Scatter calling
|
||
70.185 Cross-band centre-of-activity
|
||
70.2 SSB calling
|
||
70.25.. FM simplex, to 70.4875 (12.5 kHz channels)
|
||
70.26 old AM frequency still in use
|
||
70.3 RTTY/FAX
|
||
70.3125 Packet, to 70.3375
|
||
70.45 FM Calling channel
|
||
70.4875 Packet
|
||
|
||
|
||
70.5... Home Office - Fire Service mainscheme, to 71.5 (with 80-81.5)
|
||
|
||
71.5125.PBR, to 72.7875 single, dual: see 85.0125
|
||
72.8 ... MoD (73.3-74.1 EU1 harmonised)
|
||
|
||
(74.6875... JFMG, to 74.7125 - Talkback)
|
||
|
||
75.0 CAA ILS runway marker beacons (Guard band 74.8-75.2)
|
||
200ft, 1 & 3.5 miles from touchdown
|
||
75.2 ... MoD
|
||
|
||
(75.2625... JFMG, to 75.3 - Talkback mobile (split to 69MHz)
|
||
(+airborne) to cease in 2000)
|
||
|
||
76.7125.PBR, to 77.4875 single, dual: see 86.7125 ...
|
||
77.5... PBR, to 77.9875 (used to be paired with 87.5 to 88),
|
||
CT0 Cordless phones
|
||
|
||
78... MoD (79-79.7 EU1 harmonised)
|
||
(78.183... JFMG, to 78.259 - wide area or location talkback - 12.5kHz)
|
||
80... H.O.
|
||
|
||
81.5125.PBR, to 81.575
|
||
81.5875.PBR, to 83.4875 (split -13.5: 68.0875-69.9875) new for the 1990s
|
||
|
||
83.5 ... H.O.
|
||
84 ... MoD (ISM at 84.0 +/- 4kHz)
|
||
|
||
PBR listed so that you can avoid tuning in by accident.
|
||
(same info can be found on Radiocomms Agency site anyway)
|
||
12.5kHz channels. (Started in 1947 with 100 kHz channels,
|
||
25 kHz from 1960)
|
||
85.0125.PBR, to 86.2875 (split -13.5: 71.5125-72.7875)
|
||
86.3....PBR, to 86.7
|
||
86.3125 Land SAR search and rescue
|
||
86.325 Land SAR some areas
|
||
86.675 JFMG Talkback (12.5kHz) Wales and west.
|
||
86.7125.PBR, to 87.4875 (split -10: 76.7125-77.4875)
|
||
86.8125 JFMG, to 86.8375 - wide area duplex T/back 12.5kHz (+airborne)
|
||
|
||
87.34.. Eurosignal paging, to 87.415 (4 x 25kHz channels A-D)
|
||
heard in UK from Europe
|
||
|
||
|
||
--87.5-------------------------
|
||
Band II - FM Broadcasting (100 kHz channels) 87.6-107.9 RDS
|
||
Independent Radio managed by the Radio Authority.
|
||
|
||
Latest news : http://www.newstide.com/radio/ - Newstide
|
||
|
||
87.6... RSLs (Restricted Service Licences)
|
||
88.0... BBC Radio 2
|
||
90.2... BBC Radio 3
|
||
92.4... BBC Radio 4, BBC Wales/Scotland
|
||
94.6... BBC Local Radio, Radio 4, ILR
|
||
96.1... Independent Local Radio
|
||
97.6... BBC Radio 1
|
||
99.8... Independent National Radio INR1: Classic FM (+RDS DGPS Focus FM), ILR
|
||
102.0... Independent Local Radio
|
||
103.5... BBC Local Radio, Radio 4, ILR
|
||
105.0... Independent Local Radio, regional, RSLs
|
||
107.0... RSLs, Small-scale and other low power broadcasting, to 107.9
|
||
|
||
87.5 to 88 MHz was once used for base PMR (split -10: 77.5-77.9875).
|
||
97.6 to 102.1 MHz was used by the Home Office for Emergency Services
|
||
AMRT base, until the late 1980s (split to 82.5-84).
|
||
105 to 108 MHz used from 1969 until the early 1990s for mobile JRC
|
||
PBR (split to 138-141), and became available to Broadcasting in 1995.
|
||
|
||
Long distance reception is more common via the troposphere here,#
|
||
rather than the ionosphere... i.e a "lift" rather than "sporadic-E".
|
||
"Tropo" tends to improve the higher the frequency, and lower
|
||
frequencies are not affected; whereas ionospheric "skip" builds up
|
||
from HF, maybe reaching as high as 150 MHz rarely - but leaves higher
|
||
bands unaffected.
|
||
|
||
DSI2 recommends that by 2020 when DAB is established, the band may
|
||
be reduced to 97.5-108 for local and community broadcasting only.
|
||
|
||
|
||
-108---------------------------
|
||
Aero. Navigation
|
||
|
||
108.05.. ILS/VOR/ATIS, to 117.95 (50 kHz channels) ILS 108-112
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
-117.975-----------------------
|
||
Aero. Mobile "Civil Air Band" - NATS National Air Traffic Services,
|
||
"Volmet" weather broadcasts. RTCA ICAO
|
||
See http://www.javiation.co.uk/vu.html - Javiation's list.
|
||
|
||
118.0... AM comms, to 136.975 (25 kHz channels)
|
||
The use of 136 - 137 dates from 1990, and it's still shared with
|
||
satellite services until 1/1/2002.
|
||
|
||
Until the 1970s 50kHz channel spacing was used, and soon some channels
|
||
will be three times closer with 8.33kHz spacings; in Europe in 1999,
|
||
in the UK in 2000.
|
||
So if the scheme is ever extended to the full band, will the first
|
||
channel be 117.983 or 118.0? (Given the 117.975 boundary due to 25kHz
|
||
use of 118.0)
|
||
|
||
Channel Names will be used, such as :
|
||
132.000, 132.005 (same but 8.33 bandwidth), 132.010 (132.0083),
|
||
132.015 (132.0166)
|
||
However, don't panic about needing new equipment, 8.33 will only be
|
||
used in a small segment of the band, and not for local traffic. You'll
|
||
be able to enter frequencies using 5 or 10kHz steps and not be more
|
||
than 1.66 kHz out, and likewise you'll still be able to search in
|
||
10kHz steps and that will be faster then 8.33!
|
||
It's no more likely than now that two adjacent channels will be
|
||
strongly in use at any one location.
|
||
In any case, the great thing about airband as far as searching goes,
|
||
is that the controllers TELL the pilots what frequency to go to next -
|
||
so finding any new channels isn't really that hard!
|
||
|
||
The USA NexCom solution, though, is for digital TDMA on existing 25kHz
|
||
channels (& also retaining AM capability) using 8-phase shift keying,
|
||
giving 4 time slots within 120ms frames, providing for a mix of voice
|
||
and data. Coverage of 112-117.975 is included in the spec.s - and
|
||
they haven't decided about the UHF band yet.
|
||
|
||
121.5 Distress, EPIRBs
|
||
121.6 airport Fire Services
|
||
121.9 common Ground frequency
|
||
122.475 Balloons and Hangliders
|
||
123.1 SAR Search and Rescue
|
||
129.7... many private airline channels, to 132
|
||
130.1 Gliders, +130.125 +130.4
|
||
131.725 ACARS Packet data (Europe & USA)
|
||
Air Comms Addressing/Reporting System
|
||
132.0... 8.33 sub-band, to 134.8 - for over FL245 (FL195 France)
|
||
135.375 London VOLMET (main)
|
||
136.9... Data ONLY, to 136.975
|
||
|
||
|
||
-137------Mid Band-------------
|
||
Mobile, military, Aero OR, emergency services (French splits +/-4.6)
|
||
Military PTARMIGAN access links
|
||
|
||
137... Weather Satellites, to 138
|
||
137... LEO MSS Sat. downlinks, to 138 (up at 148-149.9) Orbcomm 4800 bps FSK
|
||
137.975..Paging, to 138.2
|
||
Police: 4 air-ground-air ch.s around 138.1 & 138.3
|
||
138.2... future Euro. SRD band, to 138.45
|
||
|
||
138... MoD
|
||
|
||
139.5... JRC (Joint Radio Co.) PBR, to 140.5 (split +8.5: 148-149) Trunked.
|
||
139.51875-140.48125 J22-J99, main channels 12.5kHz spaced (no J01-J21)
|
||
139.525 -140.475 K22-K98, interleaved (J+6.25kHz)
|
||
140.375 JRC paging (simplex use of J90 below & J91 above)
|
||
Electricity (mainly below 140) and Gas (mainly above 140) industries.
|
||
From 1969 until the early 1990s AM was used in the band
|
||
138-141 (split -33: 105-108).
|
||
|
||
(Some JFMG in the Channel Islands at 139.55 & 139.575 (base),
|
||
and simplex at 139.65)
|
||
|
||
140.5... MoD
|
||
|
||
141... JFMG, wide area Talkback (75kHz max), to 141.5 (previously 141.9)
|
||
6.25 kHz offsets Not in Channel Islands.
|
||
Simplex and duplex (split - mobiles at 212MHz). +airborne.
|
||
140.993 London only
|
||
141.006..ILR, to 141.193
|
||
141.206..BBC radio, to 141.256
|
||
141.268 not available to BBC - & 141.281
|
||
141.293..BBC radio, to 141.318 (.318 BBC News)
|
||
141.375 BBC 75kHz wideband
|
||
141.418 BBC
|
||
141.4625 BBC 75kHz wideband
|
||
|
||
141.5 ... MoD
|
||
143.0 ... H.O., to 144 - see 152
|
||
143.625 Space - MIR station (also 121.75 & 130.165 FM)
|
||
|
||
|
||
144... Amateur 2m band, to 146 Primary - IARU Bandplan:
|
||
EME (Moonbounce)...
|
||
144.035..CW
|
||
144.150..SSB - calling 144.3
|
||
144.4... Beacons, to 144.49
|
||
144.5... All modes
|
||
144.725 in the south - you'll appear on F5ZBF when there's a lift...
|
||
144.8... Digital, to 144.99
|
||
145.0... Repeater inputs, to 145.1875
|
||
145.2... FM Simplex, to 145.5875 (12.5 kHz chans) older 25kHz chans listed:
|
||
|
||
145.2 S8, V16 Raynet priority, MIR (with 145.8)
|
||
145.225 S9, V18 Raynet priority
|
||
145.25 S10, V20 Slow Morse
|
||
145.275 S11, V22
|
||
145.3 S12, V24
|
||
145.325 S13, V26 + French R8b/RV26 F5ZBF repeater Caen (split normal -0.6)
|
||
145.35 S14, V28 + French R9b/RV28
|
||
145.375 S15, V30 + French R10b/RV30
|
||
145.4 S16, V32 + French R11b/RV32
|
||
145.425 S17, V34 + French R12b/RV34
|
||
145.45 S18, V36
|
||
145.475 S19, V38
|
||
145.5 S20, V40 FM calling channel
|
||
145.525 S21, V42 GB2RS news, Sundays
|
||
145.55 S22, V44
|
||
145.575 S23, V46
|
||
145.5875 V47
|
||
(Repeaters 145.6 - 145.7875, split -0.6)
|
||
145.600 R0, RV48 FZ3VHF St.Brieuc
|
||
145.6125 R0x, RV49 F5ZBL Evreux
|
||
145.625 R1, RV50 FZ3VHD Quimper
|
||
145.6375 R1x, RV51 F5ZDE Chateauroux
|
||
145.650 R2, RV52
|
||
145.6625 R2x, RV53 F5ZCR Vernon
|
||
145.675 R3, RV54 F1ZBX Rennes
|
||
145.6875 R3x, RV55 FZ2VHF Lille
|
||
145.700 R4, RV56 F6ZCE Alencon
|
||
145.7125 R4x, RV57
|
||
145.725 R5, RV58 FZ2VHC Le Havre
|
||
145.7375 R5x, RV59
|
||
145.750 R6, RV60
|
||
145.7625 R6x, RV61
|
||
145.775 R7, RV62 FZ3VHB Les Herbiers
|
||
145.7875 R7x, RV63
|
||
145.8... Satellite Service, to 146
|
||
|
||
|
||
146... H.O., see 154
|
||
148... JRC,LEO, see 139.5 and 137
|
||
(Some JFMG in the Channel Islands at 148.575 & 148.725 - mobile)
|
||
149... MoD
|
||
149.9... Satellite Navigation, to 150.05
|
||
150.05.. Radio Astronomy, to 152 + Oil-slick markers (150.5 - 150.55)
|
||
152... Home Office - Emergency Services, to 153 (with 143-144)
|
||
153.025..Paging, to 153.475 (25kHz channels) POCSAG (bursts)
|
||
153.025 FLEX paging (continuous) + 153.325
|
||
153.5... MoD
|
||
154... Home Office - Emergency Services, to 155.975 (with 146-148)
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise 146-156: (boundaries)
|
||
151.4 ... Base, to 156 (split -7: 146.8-151.4) single: 146-146.8
|
||
and 149.9-150.05 & 154.5-154.65
|
||
|
||
|
||
-156---------------------------
|
||
Mobile, Marine VHF (SAR, MBR/CSR)
|
||
PMR/PBR + CBS + STH, Ambulances, Paging (ERMES), SRD,
|
||
Packnet data, Civil Defence
|
||
|
||
|
||
156... Marine, to 163 - International and private 25kHz channels, single and
|
||
dual (split -4.6). Was 50 kHz spacing until SOLAS 1972, new channels
|
||
were fitted in between old...
|
||
Some sets may be set from "international" to "USA" mode, and then some
|
||
of the dual frequency channels can be used as single (ship channel)
|
||
frequencies; which could be handy for a "private" channel, no-one else
|
||
would hear you! (apart from coast stations that use that channel. So
|
||
you'd want to pick a clear one - and bear in mind that if you don't
|
||
you won't be able to hear them telling you to move!)
|
||
Maybe it's best not to, then. Interesting thought though, isn't it?
|
||
|
||
There are Euro plans to use the paired freq.s for channels 87 and 88
|
||
separately, to accommodate VTS at 162 MHz, and allow simplex at 157
|
||
MHz. Also plans to allow use of channels 75 and 76 for voice.
|
||
Earlier plans had included simplex use of channels 18 and 82-86.
|
||
|
||
|
||
156.0-158.4 lines up with 160.6-163.0 at 4.6MHz higher, the lower section being
|
||
the ship/mobile side of dual-freq. channels, the higher side being for
|
||
shore/base. 156.375-156.875 and 160.975-161.475 are not joined, and have
|
||
single-freq usage with international channels at 156 and private at 161.
|
||
The international channels finish at 157.425/162.025 and the rest are private
|
||
channels, which may be dual or single.
|
||
|
||
Between 158.4 and 160.6 the mobile channels of a PBR band can be found. As this
|
||
163.0375-165.0375 band utilises a 4.5 MHz split, the mobile side covers
|
||
158.5365-160.5375 - the gap at the bottom is used for a few more single-freq.
|
||
private marine channels, and at the top there are three local authority alarm
|
||
channels.
|
||
|
||
|
||
Let's track this in two columns 4.6 MHz apart...
|
||
|
||
** First, two single freq.s...
|
||
--------------------------- -------
|
||
160.600 99 Coastguards 156.000 0 Coastguards
|
||
(99 was 00 but they couldn't dial that - 00 cleared their console!)
|
||
|
||
** Now dual freq. pairs,
|
||
** Port Ops & Public Correspondence (phone - link calls)
|
||
Shore/Base Ship/mobile 4.6 MHz lower
|
||
--------------------------------------
|
||
160.625---156.025 60
|
||
160.650---156.050 1
|
||
160.675---156.075 61
|
||
160.700---156.100 2
|
||
160.725---156.125 62
|
||
160.750---156.150 3
|
||
160.775---156.175 63
|
||
160.800---156.200 4
|
||
160.825---156.225 64
|
||
160.850---156.250 5
|
||
160.875---156.275 65
|
||
160.900 ?reserved? 156.300 6 SAR/intership1
|
||
160.925---156.325 66
|
||
160.950---156.350 7
|
||
|
||
** Now single freq.s
|
||
---------------------------- -------
|
||
160.975 - 161.475 156.375 67 Safety/SAR/intership9
|
||
MBR, CSR, Paging returns 156.400 8 intership2
|
||
156.425 68 ports
|
||
156.450 9 intership5/ports/Pilots
|
||
156.475 69 intership8/ports/Customs
|
||
156.500 10 intership3/ports/SAR/pollution
|
||
156.525 70 DSC Digital SelCall ONLY, fGMDSS
|
||
156.550 11 ports/SAR
|
||
156.575 71 ports
|
||
156.600 12 ports
|
||
156.625 72 intership6
|
||
156.650 13 intership4/ports
|
||
161.275 Marine 10mW Alarms 156.675 73 intership7/ports/SAR
|
||
161.300 On-board handhelds 156.700 14 Ports
|
||
156.725 74 Ports
|
||
161.350 On-board handhelds 156.750 15 intership11/ports/on-board
|
||
--16 only--
|
||
156.775 75 not yet used (guardband)
|
||
161.400 Radio Nav. 156.800 16 Calling, Distress
|
||
161.425 M2 (marinas) 156.825 76 not yet used (guardband)
|
||
-----------
|
||
156.850 17 intership12/ports
|
||
161.475 CSR 156.875 77 intership10
|
||
|
||
** Now dual freq. pairs again
|
||
** Port ops up to 161.725 and Pub.Corresp. from 161.750 (both: 78,81,84)
|
||
--------------------------------------
|
||
161.500---156.900 18
|
||
161.525---156.925 78
|
||
161.550---156.950 19
|
||
161.575---156.975 79
|
||
161.600---157.000 20
|
||
161.625---157.025 80 Marinas primary
|
||
161.650---157.050 21
|
||
161.675---157.075 81
|
||
161.700---157.100 22
|
||
161.725---157.125 82
|
||
161.750---157.150 23
|
||
161.775---157.175 83
|
||
161.800---157.200 24
|
||
161.825---157.225 84
|
||
161.850---157.250 25
|
||
161.875---157.275 85
|
||
161.900---157.300 26
|
||
161.925---157.325 86
|
||
161.950---157.350 27
|
||
161.975---157.375 87
|
||
162.000---157.400 28
|
||
162.025---157.425 88 No more "Radio Lighthouses"
|
||
|
||
** Private channels, single or dual Marine Business Radio
|
||
** and some land-based PMR, same split -4.6
|
||
---------------------------- -------
|
||
162.050 MBR single... 157.450 29 MBR single
|
||
OR 162.050---157.450 29 MBR dual
|
||
to
|
||
162.450 Diff. GPS 157.850 35/M marinas secondary
|
||
to
|
||
162.825 104A Telex 158.225 104B Fax.
|
||
to
|
||
163.000 MBR single 158.400 48 MBR single
|
||
OR 163.000---158.400 48 MBR dual
|
||
|
||
** Now private single freq.s
|
||
---------------------------- -------
|
||
163.025 Diff. GPS 158.425 108 MBR
|
||
158.450 49 MBR
|
||
0.1 MHz gap where 158.475 109 MBR
|
||
"4.6 split" and 158.500 50 MBR
|
||
"4.5 split" systems meet
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
** We'll change now to a 4.5 MHz difference for the land mobile band,
|
||
and 12.5 kHz spacings
|
||
---------------------------------------
|
||
163.0375---158.5375 PBR/CBS (split -4.5)
|
||
to...
|
||
The first 70 per cent used to be used for the old BT RadioTelephones :
|
||
163.0375... BT System 4, to 164.425 (split -4.5: 158.5375-159.925)
|
||
channels U001-U111 and before that :
|
||
163.050 ... BT System 3, to 164.400 (split -4.5, 25kHz channels 55-1 in
|
||
reverse!) ch17 was control
|
||
(until the 1980's saw the arrival of TACS at 935-950 MHz)
|
||
164.4375... the top section, to 165.0375, was mainly Private Message Handling -
|
||
operators speaking to mobile doctors etc, and is now seeing more
|
||
Common Base Stations (PBR via a dealer who supplies equipment and
|
||
airtime) including some multi-channel trunked CBS.
|
||
PAMR Public Access Mobile Radio is mainly confined to Band III,
|
||
and as with other trunked systems the control channels are
|
||
continuous).
|
||
163.900... now PMR dual and single, to 164.2 (159.4-159.7) with many
|
||
Short Term Hire channels.
|
||
164.225... now used by the Paknet system, to 164.3875 (base continuous)
|
||
The lowest portions are filling up with CBS and PBR.
|
||
Despite this section only being allocated to LAND MOBILE, (12.5 kHz PMR) in
|
||
some books and magazines you may find extra marine channels given (channel
|
||
number greater than 50), either single or -4.6 dual, in the first 150kHz or
|
||
so. Seems a bit odd, that. Marine channels are 25kHz bandwidth too, so that
|
||
ruins half of the 12.5kHz channel above and below. How wasteful.
|
||
And was 160.9 just forgotten about? How sad that it would make my day to find
|
||
out. Another mystery is the continued appearance in lists of the top channels
|
||
165 to 165.0375 being paired with 4.8 higher, rather than 4.5 lower. An RA
|
||
document clearly shows 165.050 as channel 1 in the high band. And 169.8375 is
|
||
a simplex channel, etc. Makes you wonder...
|
||
to
|
||
165.0375---160.5375
|
||
---------------------------- --------
|
||
165.050 start of high band 160.550 - 160.575 Alarms (3x 12.5kHz)
|
||
** the end of this 2nd column now joins the start
|
||
of the 1st., now we've covered 4.6MHz **
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
** We'll change now to a new 4.8 MHz difference UPWARDS
|
||
---------------------------------------
|
||
165.0375 end of mid band 169.8375 end of single freq simplex section
|
||
165.0500---169.8500 ch 001 PBR High Band
|
||
to...
|
||
Private Mobile Radio channels are allocated in all bands to different
|
||
categories such as :
|
||
National exclusive (53 dual, 12 single here in high band),
|
||
CBS (8 dual here),
|
||
On-site shared (5 dual, 31 single here - 3km range),
|
||
Wide Area Shared (189 dual - 30kms, taxis etc),
|
||
Short Term Hire (4 - 169.0125, 169.1375, 169.1625, 169.1875),
|
||
STH/demo/"parking"/Test&Dev (1 - 167.2000---172.000),
|
||
Road Construction (1 - 165.075---169.875),
|
||
UK General (5 single - mobile only, anywhere in UK, 5W ERP max,
|
||
for not more than 12 months in one place).
|
||
Which explains why that "spare channel" can't be used for anything
|
||
else in your area!
|
||
to...
|
||
168.2375---173.0375 ch 256 PBR
|
||
|
||
** single freq.s
|
||
---------------------------- --------
|
||
168.2500 PBR 173.050 PBR
|
||
to to
|
||
168.2875 Alarms 173.0875 PBR
|
||
168.3000 PBR 173.100... H.O. + low power/short range devices
|
||
-168.3125--boundary----------
|
||
168.325 Home Office
|
||
to
|
||
168.825
|
||
-168.8375--------------------
|
||
168.8500 PBR
|
||
to
|
||
168.9375 Alarms
|
||
to
|
||
169.0500 JRC
|
||
to
|
||
169.3875 PBR
|
||
-169.39375-------------------
|
||
169.4250 ERMES Paging (25kHz, continuous) - PBR being cleared?
|
||
to
|
||
169.8000
|
||
-169.81875-------------------
|
||
169.825 PBR
|
||
169.8375 PBR which is where we started the second column this time
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
or in my usual format...
|
||
|
||
156.0... Marine, to 158.525 single OR dual: see 160.625
|
||
158.5375.PBR, to 160.5375 single OR dual: see 163.0375
|
||
... alarms
|
||
160.6... Marine, to 163.025 single OR dual (split -4.6: 156.025-158.4)
|
||
163.0375.PBR, to 165.0375 (split -4.5: 158.5375-160.5375) Mid Band
|
||
165.05...PBR, to 168.2375 (split +4.8: 169.850 -173.0375) High Band
|
||
(French splits -4.6) (ISM 168 +/- 8kHz)
|
||
168.25...PBR, to 168.3 single
|
||
168.3125... H.O.
|
||
168.85...PBR, to 169.8375 single - with:
|
||
ERMES paging 169.425 to 169.8 (25kHz channels)
|
||
169.85...PBR, to 173.0375 single OR dual: see 165.05
|
||
173.05...PBR, to 173.0875 single
|
||
12.5kHz channels.
|
||
** These are your main business radio bands, mate. So I'm told.
|
||
** Don't ever listen here. It's not nice to eavesdrop.
|
||
** The technology might be fascinating, but there's no point listening,
|
||
** is there?
|
||
|
||
173.1... SRD, to 177.2 Mics, JFMG, Theatres, Telemetry, Alarms,
|
||
Telecommand, Deaf-aids
|
||
New band for narrowband speech opened in 1997 somewhere in 173.1-174
|
||
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise 157.45-174:
|
||
(boundaries - last pair likely: 173.9875-169.3875)
|
||
162.05 ... Base, to 165.2 (split -4.6: 157.45 -160.6)
|
||
169.825 ... Base, to 174 (split -4.6: 165.225-169.4)
|
||
and some single around 165.2125
|
||
|
||
|
||
-174---------------------------
|
||
Band III - TV Broadcasting (Not UK since 1984), DAB Digital Audio
|
||
UK: Mobile - PAMR/PBR/JFMG/PMSE (mics) + AMR
|
||
|
||
French TV: 8MHz ch. F5-F10 vision at 176, 184, 192, 200, 208, 216
|
||
sound at +6.5
|
||
Euro TV (7MHz) E5 174-181, E6 181-188, ... E11 216-223, E12 223-230
|
||
Old UK (5MHz) B6 176-181, B7 181-186, ... B13 211-216
|
||
|
||
174.0 ... mics
|
||
177.2125.PAMR/PBR, to 183.4875 (split +8: 185.2-191.5)
|
||
except 181.7-181.8 (JFMG 12.5kHz 25W simplex talkback)
|
||
183.5 ... AMR Auto. Meter Reading - plan:
|
||
183.5125.. 25kHz channels (8), to 183.6875
|
||
184.0 wideband channel
|
||
184.5 ... SAB?
|
||
185.2 ... PBR, see -8 (189.7-189.8 JFMG 12.5kHz 25W simplex talkback)
|
||
191.5 ... JFMG
|
||
191.7 links 200kHz
|
||
191.9 links 200kHz
|
||
192... mics 200kHz max, 10mW
|
||
193.2 ... PBR, see +8
|
||
199.5 ... JFMG links and mics, SRD
|
||
199.7 temp. links
|
||
200.5 ... mics
|
||
201.2125.PAMR/PBR, to 207.4875 (split -8: 193.2-199.5)
|
||
207.5 ... JFMG, mics
|
||
|
||
|
||
209.206 - 215.269 PAMR/PBR Frequency plan developed using 6.25 and
|
||
12.5kHz channels. No use as yet.
|
||
|
||
209.26... PBR, see +3.3
|
||
210.26... SRD
|
||
210.97... PBR, see +3.3
|
||
211.97... JFMG, to 212.18 - mobile talkback (to 141 MHz) wide area
|
||
212.2 ... SRD
|
||
212.5625.PAMR/PBR, to 213.55 (split -3.3: 209.26-210.25)
|
||
213.56... ?SRD?
|
||
214.275..PAMR/PBR, to 215.2625 (split -3.3: 210.97-211.96) Narrowband
|
||
215.275..JFMG, to 215.4875 (not split -3.3: 211.97-212.18!!) temp. links
|
||
215.5 ... SRD
|
||
216.1 JFMG mics, to 217.1
|
||
|
||
|
||
217.5... DAB, to 230 (1.536 MHz bandwidth) Vertical Pol.
|
||
Eureka 147 - COFDM - Umpteen hundred narrowband carriers all
|
||
sharing the bits...
|
||
|
||
218.640 (E11-B) LOCAL n/a
|
||
220.352 (E11-C) LOCAL/INR Isle of Man + Channel Islands
|
||
222.064 (E11-D) LOCAL/INR England + Wales
|
||
223.936 (E12-A) LOCAL/INR Scotland
|
||
225.648 (E12-B) BBC UK + Gibraltar (224.88-226.416)
|
||
227.360 (E12-C) LOCAL n/a
|
||
229.072 (E12-D) LOCAL/INR Northern Ireland
|
||
|
||
A whopping 6 programmes carried on each transmission. That's 12 in any one
|
||
location then. And that's supposed to be more efficient than the current FM
|
||
system? But I can get two or three times that many stations already, check
|
||
the FM band in London or Paris for example. Progress.
|
||
Ah, they'll say, but we can also use BandII when the analogue signals are
|
||
phased out, and there's L-band too (1.5 GHz).
|
||
Yee-ess, I'll say but try fitting the processing power needed into a walkman,
|
||
and make the batteries last more than half an hour. Ha.
|
||
Oh, silly me, I nearly forgot. We don't really need more than ONE music
|
||
station anyway, as they all play the same 500 tired worn out "hits" over and
|
||
over again.
|
||
And there's never enough advertising revenue to support TWO stations in the
|
||
same area, is there?
|
||
Am I the only person in the UK who wants to listen to good new music, rather
|
||
than the same old Simply Red/Phil Collins/Toto/60's/kiddie pop/REM/Peter
|
||
Gabriel etc? Most people I mention this to usually agree (willingly, too)
|
||
and would rather feel more "up to date" than all this living in the past.
|
||
It is after all a great pleasure to hear a fresh bit of pop and find you
|
||
really like it - that is what makes us go out and buy the stuff isn't it?
|
||
Trouble is, when they do play the latest releases, they play them every hour
|
||
until you're sick if them - if you have the radio on all day at work it'll
|
||
drive you nuts.
|
||
So, from my experience most people are fed up with it, but as there's no
|
||
alternative the audience figures will remain high, that pleases the
|
||
advertisers, nothing needs to change, keep it bland, and the vicious circle
|
||
continues... How DO they manage to make even music I LIKE sound so awful?
|
||
|
||
|
||
224.0125.... JFMG, to 224.4875 portable links
|
||
|
||
|
||
-230---------------------------
|
||
NATO military band (Equipment). ARFA/DRFB/FMSC/NJFA/CEAC
|
||
Air-Ground-Air, Air-Air AM comms (25kHz channels)
|
||
Radio Relay, Satellite, PTARMIGAN multi-channel trunk links
|
||
|
||
243.0 Distress, EPIRBs 121.5 x 2 = 243
|
||
259.7 Space shuttle
|
||
|
||
326.5... Astronomy, to 328.5 - deuterium spectral line
|
||
328.6... Aero. Nav., to 335.4 - ILS, glideslopes
|
||
|
||
390.0125.PSRCP H.O. TETRA, to 392.9875 (digital 25 kHz channels)
|
||
(split -10: 380-383) Base continuous.
|
||
may eventually extend to 395 & 385.
|
||
|
||
|
||
-399.9----UHF------------------
|
||
Mobile (French splits +/-10)
|
||
|
||
400.15.. Meteo sondes, Satellite, EPIRBS, to 406.1
|
||
|
||
406.1 ... MoD (replacements for VHF local net alloc.s being cleared)
|
||
418 ... UK SRDs (centre of 200kHz alloc.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
UHF1: 420 to 450 - military (shares with PBR), SRD, SAB
|
||
RadioLocation is primary at 420-430 and 440-450
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise 410-430: (boundaries)
|
||
420 ... Base, to 430 (split -10: 410-420)
|
||
|
||
420... PBR: civil TETRA, to 425 (split -10: 410-415)
|
||
Dolphin - on 25kHz channels (i.e. xxx.x00 xxx.x25 xxx.x50 etc)
|
||
|
||
425... PBR, see 440
|
||
(425.3125 JFMG, to 425.5626 temp links, S.West big towns only)
|
||
(427.7625 JFMG, to 428.0125 talkback - various areas)
|
||
429... MoD
|
||
|
||
|
||
430... Amateur 70cm band, to 440 Secondary
|
||
430.025. RU1 French/Neth. repeaters, to 430.375 (RU15)
|
||
(split +1.6: 431.625-431.975)
|
||
432.0... Narrow band CW/SSB
|
||
433.0... RB0 UK repeaters, to 433.375 (RB15) (split +1.6: 434.6-434.975)
|
||
433.05... ISM, to 434.79 (centre 433.92) remote control
|
||
433.475 SU19
|
||
433.5 SU20 FM calling channel
|
||
433.525 SU21
|
||
433.92 center of problematic SRD band
|
||
434.6... Euro. repeaters, to 434.975 (split -1.6: reverse of UK)
|
||
438.2... Euro. repeaters, to 439.475 (split -7.6: 430.6-431.875)
|
||
Germany/Swiss/Austria
|
||
|
||
|
||
UHF1 PBR limited mainly to large cities - London, Birmingham, Leeds,
|
||
Liverpool, Glasgow, Edinb., Manchester, Coventry, Bristol, Cardiff,
|
||
Swansea, Newport. 12.5kHz channels.
|
||
440.0125.PBR, to 442.2625 (split -14.5: 425.5125-427.7625)
|
||
442.275 ... JFMG talkback - various areas
|
||
442.525..PBR, to 443.4875 (split -14.5: 428.025 -428.9875) 13 JRC ch.s
|
||
443.5 ... MoD
|
||
445.5125.PBR, to 445.9875 (split -20.5: 425.0125-425.4875)
|
||
446.0... PBR, to 446.4 on-site
|
||
446.006..PMR 446 (Euro SRBR), to 446.093 (8x 12.5kHz -
|
||
within 446-446.1, 6.25kHz offsets) licence exempt
|
||
446.425 ... JFMG, to 446.5125, all areas
|
||
446.525 ... JFMG various areas, links, comms,
|
||
talkback simp. and duplex (base)
|
||
447.525..PBR, to 449.4875
|
||
448... PBR, to 449 (split -17: shared with amateur 431-432) London.
|
||
6.25kHz offsets
|
||
449.106 Traffic info
|
||
449.5... Prefered band for use by visiting foreigners for temporary PMR use,
|
||
typically SAB, to 450 (12.5kHz channels)
|
||
449.5 ... MoD
|
||
449.75... Space ops/research, to 450.25 Earth-to-Space
|
||
|
||
UHF2: 450 to 470 - emergency services, PBR, Paging, Telemetry, SRD, SAB
|
||
PBR mobile segments may contain single frequency simplex use.
|
||
12.5kHz channels.
|
||
|
||
There is a Euro plan (25-08) to re-organise 450-470: (boundaries)
|
||
460 ... Base, to 470 (split -10: 450-460)
|
||
|
||
450... Home Office - Emergency Services, to 453 (with 464-467.25)
|
||
453.0125 PBR
|
||
453.025..PBR, to 453.9875 (split +6.5: 459.525-460.4875)
|
||
453.0375 PBR single? 459.5375 = H.O.
|
||
454.025 ... Paging
|
||
454.85...PBR, to 454.975 (some Railways split -6.5)
|
||
454.993 ... JFMG, to 455.456 - links and location talkback base
|
||
(with 468.018-468.506) (+airborne)
|
||
455.475..PBR, to 455.85 (split +5.3: 460.775-461.25) airports only
|
||
... H.O.
|
||
456.0... PBR, to 456.9875 (split +5.5: 461.500-462.4875)
|
||
456.0625... 21 JRC ch.s, to 456.3125
|
||
457.0 ... H.O. (+5.5?)
|
||
457.256 ... JFMG location talkback base, to 457.468
|
||
(with 467.293-467.531) 6.25 kHz offsets
|
||
457.475 ... H.O.
|
||
457.5... Scanning Telemetry, to 458.5 (split +5.5: 463-464)
|
||
457.525 ... Marine on-board comms, to 457.575 (may be split +10)
|
||
458.5... Telemetry, SRD, to 459.1
|
||
458.85.. On-site paging / local comms, to 459.475
|
||
459.475 ... H.O. (.4875 .5125 .5375)
|
||
459.525 ... PBR, see 453.025
|
||
460.500 ... SAB?, H.O.
|
||
460.775 ... PBR, see 455.475,
|
||
461.2375... JFMG, & 461.25 (split +7.2875: 468.525 & 468.5375)
|
||
461.2625.PBR and SRBR, to 461.4875 (SRBR until 31-12-2003)
|
||
461.500 ... PBR, see 456
|
||
462.500 ... H.O.
|
||
462.756 ... JFMG fixed sites talkback
|
||
(split +6.7375/+6.875: 469.493-469.868) 6.25kHz offsets
|
||
463.000 ... ST, see 457.5
|
||
464.000 ... H.O., see 450
|
||
|
||
467.2625.JFMG links and talkback (+airborne)
|
||
467.275 ... see 457.25
|
||
467.525 .. Marine on-board, to 467.575 single, or dual: see -10
|
||
(future use of the 2 12.5kHz channels)
|
||
468.018 ... JFMG, to 468.5375, see 455 and 461.237
|
||
469.493 ... fixed sites, see 462.756
|
||
|
||
469.875..H.O.
|
||
|
||
|
||
-470---------------------------
|
||
Band IV - TV Broadcasting in 8MHz channels (21 to 35)
|
||
+ land mobile (secondary - JFMG)
|
||
|
||
UK System I (PAL) : Offsets of +/- 25 kHz may be used to alleviate
|
||
co-channel interference
|
||
AM Vision carrier at +1.25 (Lower Sideband vestigial)
|
||
FMW Sound carrier at +7.25 (sound 6 higher than video)
|
||
Nicam digital sound at +7.802
|
||
|
||
French System L (Secam) : Offsets of +/- 37.5 kHz may be used.
|
||
AM Vision carrier at +1.25 (inverted video)
|
||
AM Sound carrier at +7.75 (sound 6.5 higher than video)
|
||
Nicam digital sound at +7.55
|
||
|
||
JFMG - ch 21 to 34 - mics and talkback (split +80MHz)
|
||
|
||
470-478 21 477.25 sound
|
||
478-486 22 485.25
|
||
486-494 23 493.25
|
||
494-502 24 501.25
|
||
502-510 25 509.25
|
||
510-518 26 517.25
|
||
518-526 27 525.25
|
||
526-534 28 533.25
|
||
534-542 29 541.25
|
||
542-550 30 549.25
|
||
550-558 31 557.25
|
||
558-566 32 565.25
|
||
566-574 33 573.25
|
||
574-582 34 581.25
|
||
582-590 35 589.25 + JFMG links and mics
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
-590---------------------------
|
||
UK Aero. Navigation + JFMG mics
|
||
|
||
594 Radar 50cm
|
||
590-598 (36) VCRs / Computers etc
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
-598---------------------------
|
||
Band V - TV Broadcasting in 8MHz channels (37 to 68)
|
||
+ land mobile (secondary - JFMG mics)
|
||
|
||
598-606 37 605.25 + JFMG links
|
||
606-614 38 613.25
|
||
610 Radio Astronomy
|
||
614-622 39 621.25 + JFMG talkback (split -80Mhz), to 662
|
||
622-630 40 629.25
|
||
630-638 41 637.25
|
||
638-646 42 645.25
|
||
646-654 43 653.25
|
||
654-662 44 661.25
|
||
662-670 45 669.25
|
||
670-678 46 677.25
|
||
678-686 47 685.25
|
||
686-694 48 693.25
|
||
694-702 49 701.25
|
||
702-710 50 709.25
|
||
710-718 51 717.25
|
||
718-726 52 725.25
|
||
726-734 53 733.25
|
||
734-742 54 741.25
|
||
742-750 55 749.25
|
||
750-758 56 757.25
|
||
758-766 57 765.25
|
||
766-774 58 773.25
|
||
774-782 59 781.25
|
||
782-790 60 789.25
|
||
|
||
-790---------------------------
|
||
TV, Land Mobile (secondary - JFMG mics) Military Radio Relay
|
||
|
||
790-798 61 797.25
|
||
798-806 62 805.25
|
||
806-814 63 813.25
|
||
814-822 64 821.25
|
||
822-830 65 829.25
|
||
830-838 66 837.25
|
||
838-846 67 845.25
|
||
846-854 68 853.25
|
||
854-862 (often refered to as channel 69, a proposed extension) - JFMG SAB
|
||
|
||
|
||
-854---------------------------
|
||
Mobile, military
|
||
|
||
854... SAB, mics, SRD, CT2 cordless phones, to 870
|
||
854... JFMG, to 862 - mics, links
|
||
856... MoD, to 859.75 Tactical training
|
||
863... SRD, to 865
|
||
864.1 .. CT2, to 868.1 to be reviewed 2002
|
||
|
||
915... Base section, to 960 (split -45: 870-915) Cellphones - GSM
|
||
Global System for Mobility
|
||
917.0125.ETACS/TACS, to 949.9875 (25 kHz channels, 12.5kHz offsets)
|
||
to be phased out by 2005
|
||
917 - 925 Vodafone
|
||
925 - 933 Cellnet
|
||
919.5 ... future Amateur, to 920 - recommended by DSI2 for 2008
|
||
921... UIC, to 925 (by 2005) Euro. Railways GSM system
|
||
925.2... EGSM - Extended GSM, to 935
|
||
935.2... GSM, to 959.8 (124x TDMA 200kHz channels)
|
||
Digital. Scrambled. Base continuous.
|
||
933 - 939.6 Vodafone
|
||
939.8 - 947 Cellnet
|
||
947 - 955 Vodafone
|
||
955 - 960 Cellnet
|
||
|
||
933... DSRR, to 935 (Digital Short Range Radio),
|
||
will NOT happen, Euro plans withdrawn
|
||
934.0125.UK CB, to 934.9625 (934/81) (20 channels, 50kHz spacing)
|
||
ended 31/12/98
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
-960---------------------------
|
||
Aero. Navigation (DME/IFF), military JTIDS
|
||
|
||
966 Astronomy +/-4 MHz
|
||
|
||
978.... DME Ground reply X channels, to 1087
|
||
(paired with 1xx.x0 MHz) (to +63)
|
||
1025... DME Air mobile channels, to 1150
|
||
(1-126 x 1 MHz channels; 1-16 and 60-69 not used)
|
||
Selected in aircraft by tuning to a paired channel between
|
||
108 and 118 MHz. Pulses are transmitted by the aircraft,
|
||
returned by the ground station, and the time difference measured.
|
||
1104... DME Ground reply Y channels, to 1213
|
||
(paired with 1xx.x5 MHz) (to -63)
|
||
|
||
1030 SSR/IFF (Squalk) Ground (secondary radar - rotating),
|
||
air reply on 1090
|
||
|
||
|
||
-1,215----microwaves-----------
|
||
Mobile, military, radar
|
||
|
||
1246... Russian GPS GLONASS (GLObal NAv. Sat. Sys.) L2,
|
||
0-12: 1246+n(0.4375) see 1602
|
||
|
||
|
||
1240... Amateur 23cm band, to 1325 CW,SSB/FM/TV
|
||
1296... narrowband modes, beacons, to 1297
|
||
1297... FM repeaters RM0 to RM19 (split -6: 1291..)
|
||
1297.0 RM0
|
||
1297.05 RM2
|
||
1297.075 RM3
|
||
1297.125 RM5
|
||
1297.15 RM6
|
||
1297.225 RM9
|
||
1297.375 RM15
|
||
1297.475 RM19 (not in use)
|
||
1297.5.. FM simplex, to 1298
|
||
1297.50 FM calling
|
||
1298.275.German repeaters, to 1298.65 (split -28: 1270..)
|
||
|
||
|
||
-1,325----(1.325 GHz)-----------
|
||
Mobile, Satellite, Fixed, Navigation etc...
|
||
|
||
Rather specialist, wavelengths of less than 30cm really do allow
|
||
for high gain antennas, with very narrow beamwidths. Cable losses
|
||
become very noticeable and/or untenable. Mobile "flutter" quite
|
||
severe, mobile systems need many more base stations to cover a given
|
||
area. Most useful uses are direct fixed links, point to point,
|
||
satellite (line of sight), low range etc.
|
||
So - mostly un-interceptable and/or digital.
|
||
|
||
1,400... Transmission Prohibited, to 1427
|
||
Astronomy, Space Research, SETI, Hydrogen Line. Certain frequencies
|
||
around here propagate very well through the universe, so the boffins
|
||
listen here for extra-terrestial transmissions. But surely the little
|
||
grey men are doing the same thing?
|
||
1,452... L-Band DAB, to 1492
|
||
1488.25 JFMG links, to 1490.75
|
||
1,525... Satellite comms downlinks, to 1559 Inmarsat GMDSS etc
|
||
(uplinks 1626.5-1660.5) (+101.5?)
|
||
1,575.42 Navstar GPS Nav L1 C/A (military accuracy with 1227.6 L2) Spread.
|
||
(L3 1381.05 used)
|
||
1,602... Russian GLONASS L1, 0-12: 1602+n(0.5625) spread spectrum
|
||
1,610... LEO MSS, to 1626.5 (up&down) CDMA i.e. Globalstar,
|
||
Iridium (TDMA, 780km up)
|
||
1,800.30.TFTS in-flight digital phones (air-ground), to 1804.969
|
||
(164 x 30.303 kHz channels : ground at -130)
|
||
1,690... Weather Satellite HRPT (Hi-res pics), to 1710 NOAA, GOES, MeteoSat
|
||
1,805... PCN mobile phones, to 1876.5 (split -95: 1710..)
|
||
1805 - 1816.5 soon to be shared by Cellnet & Vodaphone
|
||
1816.5 - 1846.5 One 2 One
|
||
1846.5 - 1876.5 Orange
|
||
|
||
1,880... DECT Digital Euro. Cordless Telephones, to 1900
|
||
1,900... future UMTS, to 2025 (with 2110-2200)
|
||
IMT-2000, FPLMTS 3rd generation mobile (-190?)
|
||
|
||
2,310... Ham 13cm band, to 2,450
|
||
2.4 ... JFMG video links & cameras, to 2.68
|
||
2,402... Bluetooth digital SRD, to 2.480 (79 x 1MHz channels)
|
||
1600 hops per sec over 32 channels
|
||
2,450 ISM Industrial/Scientific/Medical, your microwave oven. Really.
|
||
3,000 Radar 10cm
|
||
3,400... Ham 9cm band, to 3,475
|
||
3,675... C-Band satellite TV, to 4,200
|
||
5,650... Ham 6cm band, to 5,850
|
||
9,400 Radar 3cm
|
||
10,000... Ham 3cm band, to 10,150 - and 10,300 to 10,500
|
||
|
||
|
||
-10,700---(10.7 GHz)-----------
|
||
Satellite TV, Ku band - Astra,Eutelsat,Intelsat etc. (35,800km up)
|
||
|
||
10,700...FSS
|
||
11,700...BSS DBS (Band VI)
|
||
12,500...Telecom
|
||
|
||
|
||
-12,750------------------------
|
||
These are really small radio wavelengths...
|
||
|
||
24,000...Ham 12mm band, to 24,250
|
||
40,500...future ITC 7mm MVDS Multipoint Video Distribution, to 42.5 GHz
|
||
47,000...Ham 6mm band, to 47,200
|
||
75,500...Ham 4mm band, to 76,000
|
||
142,000..Ham 2mm band, to 144,000
|
||
248,000 Ham 1.2mm band, to 250,000 - 248 GHz, hmmmm.
|
||
|
||
Radio or Far Infra-Red?
|
||
There's a bit of overlap near 1mm wavelengths...
|
||
|
||
|
||
-275,000------(275 GHz)--------
|
||
Far Infra-Red, to 25,000 GHz (over 1mm to 12<31>m)
|
||
|
||
|
||
-25,000,000---(25 THz)---------
|
||
Infra-red
|
||
|
||
|
||
-441 THz-----------------------
|
||
Visible wavelengths. Otherwise known as "Light".
|
||
Red to Violet (680-420nm).
|
||
Some of my favourite frequencies. Green is rather nice.
|
||
|
||
|
||
-714 THz-----------------------
|
||
Near Ultraviolet. 300nm-180nm
|
||
|
||
|
||
-1,666 THz---------------------
|
||
Far Ultraviolet 180nm-91nm
|
||
|
||
|
||
-3,289 THz---------------------
|
||
Extreme Ultraviolet 91nm-10nm
|
||
912-100 Angstroms
|
||
|
||
|
||
-30,000,000,000---(30 PHz)-----
|
||
X-rays 10nm-10pm
|
||
100-0.1 Angstroms
|
||
|
||
|
||
-30,000,000,000,000--(30 EHz)--
|
||
Gamma rays 10pm-100fm and beyond
|
||
|
||
That's enough. Obsessive? Me?
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
---------
|
||
|
||
Frequency multiplied by wavelength
|
||
gives 300,000,000 m/s - the speed of light...
|
||
or 299,792,458 to be more exact.
|
||
|
||
300 mHz > 3000 mHz 1Gm > 100Mm easier to count s/cycle than c/s !
|
||
3 Hz > 30 Hz 100Mm > 10Mm VERY long waves! Natural 'Earth' waves
|
||
30 Hz > 300 Hz ELF 10Mm > 1Mm Bass!
|
||
300 Hz > 3000 Hz ILF 1000km > 100km Voice frequencies (sound)
|
||
3 kHz > 30 kHz VLF 100km > 10km
|
||
30 kHz > 300 kHz LF 10km > 1km
|
||
300 kHz > 3000 kHz MF 1km > 100m
|
||
3 MHz > 30 MHz HF 100m > 10m
|
||
30 MHz > 300 MHz VHF 10m > 1m
|
||
300 MHz > 3000 MHz UHF 1m > 10cm
|
||
3 GHz > 30 GHz SHF 10cm > 1cm
|
||
30 GHz > 300 GHz EHF 1cm > 1mm mainly experimental
|
||
300 GHz > 30 THz THF 1mm > 10um limits of radio / far infra-red
|
||
30 THz > 300 THz 10um > 1um infra-red light
|
||
300 THz > 3000 THz 1um > 100nm infra red > visible > ultra violet
|
||
3 PHz > 30 PHz 100nm > 10nm extreme ultra violet
|
||
30 PHz > 30 EHz 10nm > 10pm x-rays
|
||
30 EHz > 10pm > Gamma rays
|
||
|
||
|
||
1 micron = 1 micrometer = 1um = 1000nm = one thousandth of a mm
|
||
|
||
10 Angstrom = 1 nanometer i.e. 5000A=500nm 1A=0.1nm=100pm
|
||
|
||
X unit (Xu) = approx. 0.001002 angstrom, or 100.2 femtometers, defined by
|
||
M. Siegbahn in 1925. Formerly used for measuring the wavelength of X rays
|
||
and gamma rays now measured in picometers (pm) or femtometers (fm).
|
||
|
||
1 Fermi = 1fm = about the size of an atom's nucleus
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
---------------
|
||
|
||
Metric prefixes
|
||
|
||
Ten to the power of
|
||
-27 vimto v
|
||
-24 yocto y
|
||
-21 zepto z
|
||
-18 atto a Greek: atten = eighteen
|
||
-15 femto f Greek: fempten = fifteen
|
||
-12 (trillionth) pico p 'little bit'
|
||
-9 (billionth) nano n nanos = dwarf
|
||
-6 (millionth) micro u mikros = small
|
||
-3 (thousandth) milli m mille = thousand
|
||
-2 (hundredth) centi c centum = hundred
|
||
-1 (tenth) deci d decimus = tenth
|
||
1 (ten) deca da deka = ten
|
||
2 (hundred) hecto h hekaton = hundred
|
||
3 (thousand) kilo k Greek: Khilioi
|
||
6 (million) mega M megas = great
|
||
9 (billion) giga G gigas = giant
|
||
12 (trillion) tera T teras = monster
|
||
15 (quadrillion) peta P
|
||
18 (quintillion) exa E
|
||
21 (sextillion) zetta Z
|
||
24 (septillion) yotta Y
|
||
27 (octillion)
|
||
30 (nonillion)
|
||
33 (decillion
|
||
36 (undecillion)
|
||
39 (dodecillion) These American terms obviously increment by one per
|
||
42 (tredecillion) thousand. In Europe however, we prefer to do it by
|
||
45 (quattuordecillion) millions. Thus a Euro billion is a million millions
|
||
48 (quindecillion) and not a thousand millions.
|
||
51 (sexdecillion)
|
||
99 (dotrigintillion)
|
||
100 (googol)
|
||
120 (novemtrigintillion)
|
||
303 (centillion)
|
||
googol (googolplex)
|
||
|
||
-------
|
||
|
||
Sharing knowledge with the world.... :)
|
||
|
||
|
||
"nicely annotated..." ...
|
||
"You did a grand job enhancing the info available" - A.T., Surrey.
|
||
"Don't ever stop!" - M.H., Cyberspace.
|
||
"Excellent!" "...much better than my own" - S.C., Glouc.
|
||
"absolutely amazing" ... "more accurate than most..." ...
|
||
"superb" - C.G., London.
|
||
"This really is a masterpiece, I just love charts like
|
||
this. I highly recommend everyone to visit this site, and to appreciate
|
||
just how much work and compilation has gone into making it. Go on, get lost
|
||
in it FOR HOURS. Thanks for sharing." - Nigel, East Anglia.
|
||
"...listing is very useful" - T, Warrington.
|
||
|
||
Thankfully copied at :
|
||
http://www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/starr/590/spectrum.html 96.7fm somewhere..
|
||
Support at the University of Surrey
|
||
http://www.cpe.surrey.ac.uk/support/spectrum.htm
|
||
Cheers Bigears!
|
||
http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Hangar/4783/
|
||
|
||
*** Edited for Text format by Meg Hertz *** 73 ***
|