167 lines
9.5 KiB
Plaintext
167 lines
9.5 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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ßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßßÛÜÞÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÞß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [x]Class Notes [Timeline of the Soviet ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Union ]
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[x]11-12 [ ]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 09/94 # of Words:1234 School: ? State: ?
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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The History of the Soviet Union Chronological
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______________________________________________________________________
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1533-1584
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The Russian Empire, covering over one-sixth of the world, is governed
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by the sovereignty of Czar Ivan the Terrible. The feudal system oppresses
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every man, woman and child as the Czar releases "Tax Collectors" to
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maintain support for the nobles in the land. Brigands and financial
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extortionists persecute any lower class citizen who refuses to help
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contribute to the Czar's regime.
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1682-1725
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Under Czar Peter I (Peter the Great), the Russian Empire begins to
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flourish with traces of traditional social structure modifications in the
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country. Observing the radical advances of western civilizations, Peter
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orders the modernization of the army, creation of a navy, encourages
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mercantilism and foreign trade, and gives women more rights. Nevertheless,
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the Empire remains stricken in poverty over slow reforms and the
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overbearing presence of feudalism.
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1825-1861
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The feudal system begins to fail when the goals and desires of the
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common peasant cannot be achieved through such an archaic doctrine. Various
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successive Czars attempt social reforms which do not leave an impact on the
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country's well-being. In December of 1825, an uprising from the populace
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occures when they demand changes to the economic system. With the
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development of the American, French and Spanish constitutions, the serfs
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now demanded the abolishment of the monarchy dictatorship, communal
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ownership of land and many other civil and social reforms. Unfortunately,
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their rebellion was quickly dismantled by the Czar's military faction and
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the system remained in tact.
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1861-1905
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Czar Nicholas II finally realized that his current economic monarchy
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was holding back the development of the empire. He therefore created a
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parliamentary system in 1905 which would decrease the number of strikes and
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violent outbursts generating from the peasants. This representative
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assembly (called a Duma) was convened a total of four times during the
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first World War and gave legitimacy to other political factions within the
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empire and would hopefully increase civil rights.
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1917-1924
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World War I led to the abdication (resignation) of the Czar as the
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people revolted against his useless monarchy. Famine, disease and death
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were spreading like wildfire as the Russians aided France against the
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militia of Germany during World War I. The population lost its faith in the
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monarchy and installed a provisional government that would keep the country
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from disintegrating. However, this government refused to intervene during
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the fragile years of the war and lost its power to a communist party called
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the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Nikolai
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Lenin), overthrew the provisional government and implemented their style of
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authority to the empire. Their objectives were to lead the Russian empire
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into prosperity while utilizing Karl Marx's proposed doctrine for a
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communal, classless environment where the workers will be using their
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abilities to satisfy their own needs. The Union was now born and the
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Communist Manifesto was finally going to be activated. The C zar and his
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family were captured and executed, thus ending the oppressive autocracy
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that had befallen the empire for hundreds of years. Eventually, the central
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government was overtaken by Lenin and his military leaders, Leon Trotsky
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and Josef Stalin. Although a minority party, the Bolsheviks decided to
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implement capitalistic modifications to the fragile economy in order to aid
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the communistic backlash that would follow. The New Economic Policy (NEP)
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created by Lenin would allow peasants to keep a certain amount of profit
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for themselves, rather than having the government subsidize all of it.
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Unfortunately, Lenin died just as his policy had started to work.
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1925-1953
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The two apparent heirs to Lenin's regime were Josef Stalin and Leon
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Trotsky. Although Trotsky was better suited for the position (with his
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strong political inclinations towards reasonable social adaptability),
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Josef Stalin assumed controlled and subsequently ordered the exile of all
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apposing cabinet ministers, including Trotsky. Anyone in the Union who
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objected to his decisions was sent to Siberian prison camps or murdered. He
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now had full control without any intervention from other liberal or
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moderate parties. He decided to concentrate on improving military strength
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and building on improving the Soviet economy, rather than follow Lenin's
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revolutionary goal of dominating the world. In order to obtain the immense
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amount of money needed to maintain his militia, he began a series of five
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year programs which would force the average farmer to meet a quota by the
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end of the harvest and then have the state subsidize all of the production.
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This system, aptly named collectivization, reprimanded all of the average
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worker's liberties and created great suffering during the Stalin regime.
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Such suffering was magnified during an anti-war treaty that Stalin had
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signed with Hitler's Germany in an effort to avoid a confrontation with the
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Nazi military. However, Hitler violated this treaty in an effort to
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dominate all of Europe and was denied at the expense of millions of Soviet
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lives who fought for freedom against his tyranny. Not only did this lead to
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millions of deaths and a severe decrease in productivity. Stalin eventually
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passed away in 1953, and the conservative trend would now shifted to a more
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liberal form.
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1953-1964
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Nikita Krushchev, a dedicated liberal leader, managed to become the
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leader of the Soviet Union after a conservative mogul by the name of
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Malenkov could not gather enough support from the Political Bureau.
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Krushchev proceeded to moderately alter the rigid, despotic structure of
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the Union and dealt vigorously with other foreign countries. The
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improvement in foreign relations, outer space developments and
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housing/employment allowed Krushchev to improve the Soviet economy. In
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1964, he became the first leader ever to lose power when the Political
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Bureau (Politburo) ousted him due to his extreme radical policies.
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1964-1982
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Brezhnev had now assumed control of the Union. A rigid Stalinist with
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hard-line ethics, Brezhnev's goal was to make the USSR into one of the
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strongest political superpowers in the world. The military was richly
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funded and the authoritative influence of Brezhnev could be felt in the
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asperity of the population. When Brezhnev died in 1982, he left behind an
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empire with one of the world's strongest military sectors, but weakest
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population morale. The Soviet Union was an empty superpower with crumbling
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financial, social and political sectors.
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1985-1991
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In the following years, the Union witnessed very little political
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reform in terms of enhancing social and production factors. Yuri Andropov
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died early before he could establish any noticeable reforms and Konstantin
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Chernenko was inefficient as the leader of the KGB and the Union. At age
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54, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev emerged to inherit the economically
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devastated Union and began establishing political reforms that the world
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had not encountered since the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. With radical
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ideologies such as Glasnost (Openess) and Perestroika (long-range
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capitalistic restructing), along with improved foreign trade and diplomatic
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association with the United States (elimination of most ballistic nuclear
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missiles), the reformist had arrived to change the face of his dominion.
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Gorbachev's economical strategies had transformed the Soviet Union from a
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desolate oppressed wasteland to a socially liberated jungle. Such radical
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policies and reforms not only encouraged the development of a revolution,
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but the global transformation of Europe as we know it. As the hard-line
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coup was formed in early 1991, Gorbachev managed to hold on to power thanks
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in part to his liberal nemesis, Boris Yeltsin. In return, he had lost all
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popularity and support from the people and eventually witnessed the
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destruction of the Union and the death of communism in Russia.
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