302 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
302 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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ßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßßÛÜÞÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÞß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on Macbeth. ]
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[x]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [ ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 07/94 # of Words:2205 School:Public State:NY
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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THEMES IN MACBETH
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Macbeth was written while when Scotland lacked a good Leader to defend
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it from a Norwasian invasion. During this dangerous situation, Macbeth
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stood out as the most commanding figure by defeating the rebel army. His
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thrill towards the witches' prophecies all confirmed his hopes of becoming
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the King and replacing King Duncan, who lacked the power and courage to
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save his country from this invasion.
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In this essay, I will discuss Macbeth during the many experiences that
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he had faced and come across and I will show how these experiences and
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pressures that he faced helped with the conclusion and theme of the play
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which yet has to be understood.
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The first signs that tell us of Macbeth's thoughts of becoming King were
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found when the King proclaimed his son, Malcolm, the heir to the Scottish
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throne, and Macbeth considered murder to overcome this obstacle that would
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prevent him from becoming the King.
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The prince of Cumberland! That is a step
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On which I must fall down, or else o'erleap,
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For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires!
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Let not light see my black and deep desires.
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The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be,
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Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see.
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(Act 1:Scene 4:ln.55)
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When Lady Macbeth heard of her husband's success and read the letter, we
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almost immediately feel that a new source of power had appared in the
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drama. Her words reflected a great knowledge of her husband and her
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practical approach to problems as seen in the following two verses.
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Glacis thou art, and Cowdor, and shalt be
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What thou are promised. Yet do I fear thy nature.
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It is too full o' the milk of human kindness
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To catch the nearest way. Thou wouldst be great;
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Art not without ambition, but without
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The illness should attend it. What though wouldst highly,
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That wouldst though holily;wouldst not play false
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And yet wouldst wrongly win. Thou'ldst have, great Glacis
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That which cries"Thus though must do,"if though have it;
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And that which rather thou dost fear to do
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Than wishest should be undone. Hie thee hither,
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That I may pour my spirits in thine ear
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And chastise with the valor of my tongue
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All that impedes thee from the golden round
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Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem
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To have thee crowned withal.
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(Act 1:Scene 5:ln.14
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O, never Shall sun that morrow see!
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Your face, my thane, is a book where men
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May read strange matters. To beguile the time,
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Look like the time;bear welcome in your eye,
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Your hand, your tongue, look like the innocent flower,
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But be the serpent under't. He that's coming
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Must he provide for; and you shall put
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This night's great business into my dispatches,
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Which shall to all our nights and days to come,
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Give solely sovereign sway and masterdom.
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(Act 1:Scene 6:ln.68)
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Driven to murder King Duncan, Macbeth's conscience first appeared when
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he was not present to greet the King upon his arrival at the castle. This
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showed the lack of courage that Macbeth had to face his victim.
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If it were done when 'tis done, then 'twere well
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It were done quickly. If the assassination
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Could trammel up the consequence, and catch,
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With his surcease, success, that but this blow
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Might be the be-all and the end-all here,
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But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,
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We'ld jump the life to come. But in these cases
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We still have judgment here, that we but teach
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Bloody instructions, which being taught, return
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To plague the inventor..........................
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(Act 1:Scene 7:ln 1)
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This verse stressed Macbeth's fears of punishment. He cleared out that
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he was prepared to suffer eternity if only this crime would go unpunished.
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He recognized certain obstacles in killing the King, the first and most
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important being was that the King was his guest. He also saw some dangers
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of committing the crime and understood it consequences well.
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When Macbeth tried to resist the temptation, his wife was the one that
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insisted on him to consent the murder.
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What beast was't then that made you brake this enterprise to me?
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When you drust do it, then you were a man;
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And to be more than what you were, you would
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Be so much more than man. Nor time nor place]
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Did then adhere, and yet you would make both.
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They have made themselves, and that their fitness know
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How tender 'tis to love the babe that milks me.
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I would, while it was smiling in my face,
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Have plucked my nipples from his boneless gums
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And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you
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Have done to this.
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(Act 1:Scene 7:ln. 68)
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She accused Macbeth of cowardness and later assures him that the crime will
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go undetected when she outlined it's details. In Act2:Scene 1:ln.72, we
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know that the crime will happen when Macbeth says:
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I go, and it is done. The bell invites me.
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Hear it not Duncan, for it is a knell
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That summons thee to heaven or to hell.
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Following the crime, we get the impression that Macbeth was horrified by
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what he had done. It seems that he had gone through some sort of "mental
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collapse" due to the haunted visions of guilt and punishment that he
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experienced.
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"There's one did laugh in's sleep, and one cried
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"Murder!"" (Act 2: Scene 2:ln.32)
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"Glacis hath murdered sleep, and therefor Cowdor
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Shall sleep no more! Macbeth shall sleep no more!"
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(Act 2:Scene 2:ln.57)
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Having begun a career of evil, Macbeth felt that the only way to remain
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in power was by going on and committing other crimes. He had started
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plotting his own course of murder. His behaviours are all based on fear
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which had arose from insecurity. It was not possible for him to turn back
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because he had reached the "point of no return." (Coles Notes.)
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When Macbeth spoke of his fears from Bunquo, we immediately know that
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the next murder will target on the later.
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To be thus is nothing
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But to be safely thus. Our fears in Bunquo
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Stick deep, and in his royalty of nature
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Reigns that which would be feared. 'Tis much he dares,
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And to that dauntless temper of his mind
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He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valor
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To act in safety. There is none but he
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Whose being I do fear.....................
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(Act 3:Scene 1:Ln.52)
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Macbeth next hired two murderers to murder Bunquo, and convinced them to
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commit the crime saying that it was he who had prevented them from rising
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in this world. He attacked their courage and used his wife's philosophy to
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regain their confidence assuring them that everything will go fine.
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I will advice you were to plant yourselves,
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Acquaint you with the perfect spy o' the time,
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The moment on't;for't must be done tonight,
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And something from the palace(always thought
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That I require a clearness), and with him,
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To leave no rubs nor botches in the work,
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Fleance his son, that keeps him company,
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Whose absence is no less material to me
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Than his father's, must embrace the fate
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Of the dark hour. Resolve yourselves apart;
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I'll come to you anon. (Act 3:Scene 1: Ln.144)
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The murder had gone undetected but not for long. During the party that
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Macbeth made, the ghost of Bunquo appeared twice to him. In the first time,
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it looked disapprovingly at him and allowed him to regain his confidence
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but finally made him speak of his terrors of the Assembled Lords which
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confirmed whatever suspense they had of him.
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Thanks for that!
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There the grown serpent lies;the worm that's fled
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Hath nature that in time will venom breed,
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No teeth for the present. Get thee gone. Tomorrow
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we'll hear ourselves again.
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(Act 3:Scene 3:Ln.35)
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The guilt of Macbeth is again revealed during this scene when he spoke
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his last two verses.
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I hear it by the way;but I will send.
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There's not a one of them, but in this house
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I keep a servant feed. I will tomorrow
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(And betimes I will) to the weird Sisters
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More shall they speak; for know I am bent to know
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By the worst means the worst. For mine own good
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All causes shall give way. I am in blood
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Stepped in so far that, should I wade no more,
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Returning were as tedious as go o'er
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Strange things I have to head, that will to hand,
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Which must be acted ere they may be scanned.
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(Act 3:Scene 4:Ln.162)
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Come, we'll to sleep. My strange and self-abuse
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Is the initiate fear that wants hard use.
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We are yet but young indeed.
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(Act 3:Scene 4:Ln.174)
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These two verses all reflected the suspense that Macbeth had forhis
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noblemen and the suggestion of still worse crimes that would follow.
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When Macduff defied Macbeth and went to England, Macbeth's fears drove
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him to give up himself to the forces of evil and demanded"to know,by the
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worst means,the worst." He knew that he had nothing to loose since everyone
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was suspicious of him. For this reason, when the armed head warned Macbeth
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of Macduff, he went and killed his family and servants one by one. The
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first two crimes were all carried out at night. In the third one, Macbeth
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made no effort to conceal it but boldly carried it out during the daylight.
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Macbeth's honest and heroic character had been replaced by a man who's
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moods always changed, one who feared the hidden truth and one who hardly
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knew his mind. We pity this man for the situation he had brought on
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himself.
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"What makes a true man is a theme that runs throughout Macbeth"
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(Coles Notes.)
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According to his wife life, a true man is one who sets great goals for
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himself and will do anything to achieve them. "The true man towers above
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ordinary men," says Lady Macbeth. Macbeth is full of ambition but has too
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much"o' the milk of human kindness." that makes up the ordinary man. He
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likes to achieve his goals " holily" like a saint unacquainted with
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practical affairs.
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It is by this appeal that Macbeth is driven to commit the murders and
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convince the murderers to kill Bunquo. "A true man will respond to injuries
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by taking a bloody revenge!" says Macbeth.
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The irony is that by doing what he had done, Macbeth's guilt followed
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him where ever he went and made him loose all his feelings. By the end of
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the play, Macbeth lost all his feelings . He reached the point where he had
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no taste of fear and the death of his wife did not bother him which he
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dismisses by saying that she had to die someday and somehow.
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The time has been, my senses would have cooled
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To hear a night shriek, and my fell of hair
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Would at a dismal treatise rouse and stir
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As life were in't. I have supped full with horrors.
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Direness, familiar to my slaughterous thoughts,
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Cannot once start me.
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(Act 5:Scene 5:Ln.11)
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She could have died hereafter;
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There would have been a time for such a word.
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Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow
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Creeps in this petty pace from day to day
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To the last syllable of recorded time;
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And all our yesterdays have lighted fools
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The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!
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Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player.
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That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
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And then is heard no more. It is a tale
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Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
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Signifying nothing.
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(Act 5:Scene 5:Ln.19)
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All in all, I think that by using the characteristics of Macbeth,
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Shakespeare succeeded in relating him to many people today because his
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qualities are naturally part of human nature. Macbeth had lived a life full
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of ups and downs, just like many of us, but in his opinion, he had not
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accomplished anything.
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Seyton-I am sick at heart,
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When I behold-Seyton, I say!-This push
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Will cheer me ever, or disseat me know.
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I have lived long enough. My way of life
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Is fallen into the sere, the yellow leaf;
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And that which should accompany old age,
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As honour, love, obedience, troops of friends,
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I must not look to have;but, in their stead,
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Curses not loud but deep, mouth-honour, breath,
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Which the poor heart would fain deny, and dare not.
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Seyton!
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(Act 5: Scene 4:Ln.48)
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All men are born good but just like Macbeth, people have the power to
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become evil, only when they become aware of it.It was and is always not
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easy to see a great man turn from good to evil. We admire Macbeth's
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courage, as he, with his wife dead and world collapsing, resolved to fight
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to the end and "die with harness on his back."
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Not all men are as heroic, after all !
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