190 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
190 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on the Endangered ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Species in Canada ]
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[x]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 10/94 # of Words:1503 School: ? State: ?
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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Endangered Species in Canada
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There are many trillions of living creatures, and millions of
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different kinds of animals and plants share our planet (pg 46, Savage).
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Each Kind, or species, is special and unique. But, some of these species
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are in danger of disappearing forever, just as the passenger pigeon did.
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When the last member of a species disappears, that species is said to be
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extinct. Never again will there be another creature of that type on the
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planet for eternity. In the following essay it will be proven that Canadian
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Wildlife is becoming endangered due to the actions of man.
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Our Country was once filled with wildlife, and in the past, people
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hunted without worrying about the future. It seemed as though there was an
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unlimited amount of wildlife to be found. But overhunting has changed this
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and caused the extinction of many species.
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Canadian people of the past thought that if you protected animals from
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hunting, that would be enough. Today we now know that we must also protect
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there habitats. This is where they find food, water, shelter, and a place
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to have their young. Even if they are not hunted, animals will die out if
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these necessities cannot be met.
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In this century, loss of habitat has been one of the main caused of
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extinction (pg 8, Silverstein). People share the country and the planet
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with all the other creatures that live here. As human population grows,
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people spread out into areas that once were wild, and they compete with
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animals for living space. Mort times than not the animals lose in this
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battle.
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People cut down forests for lumber, clear fields for farms, and fill
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swamps to build towns, highways, and factories. Land can also be cleared
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for such things as mineral extraction. Wild animals get fenced out from
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areas that were once their homes. Larger animals are affected the worst
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because they need large open spaces, and when these areas shrink it is much
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more difficult to find food, and live without the fear of man.
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When a small lot of land is cleared for a home, not much is affected.
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When a whole city is built in what was once a wild area, an entire species
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of animal may be endangered. People often see wild animals as a nuisance
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and drive them away into the remaining wildland. But, as the Canada's
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wildland disappears, there will be fewer places for the wildlife to go.
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Even habitats that are left intact and not disturbed by human
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intervention, may infact be unsafe for wildlife because of pollution. Oil
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spills pollute the oceans and injure or kill water mammals and birds. When
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farmers spray their crops with pesticides to keep insects from eating their
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crops, many animals are harmed as well. Industries send out chemicals
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into the air, water, and land, with no concern about what it may be doing
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to the environment. Garbage dumps leak toxic chemicals into neighbouring
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lakes and rivers, also affecting birds and fish. The garbage that is dumped
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straight into the ocean poisons wildlife severely. Also, animals may
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mistake plastics and styrofoam for food or become strangled by plastic
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six-pack holders.
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Not all animals environments are poisoned by accident. Some rancher,
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for example, have put out poison for coyotes and wolves because these
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animals sometimes kill there cattle or sheep. People and industries must
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be more aware of what they are doing to the environment and how they affect
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the wildlife in general.
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Until recently, most people believed that the earth and everything on
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it belonged to humans and that we could do whatever we wa nted with any of
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the creatures that shared our planet. Human activities have driven many
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species to the verge of extinction, but there have been some encouraging
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examples of how society can save endangered animals. One of these is the
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American bison, or buffalo.
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The buffalo once was the symbol of the American wilderness. These huge
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animals roamed the plains, grazing in enormous herds. There were 30 million
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buffalo in the West in the 1860's. But, by 1883, hunters had killed all
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but 1,00 of them (pg 14, Silverstein). Fortunately, several people had
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captured some buffalo to raise in captivity. By 1890, 600 of the 700
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remaining buffalo were in private hands. Growing numbers of people became
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concerned that with so few buffalo left they could soon become extinct.
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There are many ways that people, working through government and other
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organizations, can help save our wildlife. One is to pass laws that
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prevent endangered animals from being killed or taken from their natural
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habitats. Another is to set up parks, refuges, and preserves where the
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wild habitat is kept intact so that the creatures living on it will remain
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undisturbed. Today there are more that 400 National Wildlife Refuges in
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Canada and 3,500 wildlife parks and refuges around the world (pg 16,
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Silverstein).
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The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) was a giant step toward
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helping endangered animals (defined as animals that are in danger of
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becoming extinct) as well as threatened animals (those that may become
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endangered if they are not protected)in Canada and around the world. It
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established a program that brings together the federal government, the
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states, conservation groups, individuals, business and industry, and
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foreign governments in a cooperative effort to save endangered wildlife.
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The ESA restricts the killing, collection, or harming of endangered
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and threatened animals and makes it illegal to buy or sell, imports or
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export them without special permission. Violators can face a fine of up to
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$20,000 (pg 56, Silverstein).
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The habitat of endangered species (the land, water, and air that
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members of the species need for survival, including places where the live
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and breed) is also protected under the act. Each year habitats of
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endangered species are bought up with money from the Land and Water
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Conservation Fund (pg 120, Savage).
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The endangered and threatened species are listed by the U.S Fish and
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Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service. Candidates are
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submitted by anyone concerned about a species of animal or plant, and
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information has to be gathered to support the claim that the species are
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endangered ( pg 37, Taylor).
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There are more that 1,117 plant and animal species on the Endangered
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and Threatened Wildlife and Plants list (Pg 65, Silverstein). Each year
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about fifty more species are added. More that 4,000 additional species are
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currently waiting to be added to the list (pg 65, Silverstein). The case
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for them may be just as convincing, but limited manpower and funding have
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kept them from being processed for protected status. Unfortunately, some
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species cannot wait for all the red tape. According to the Fish and
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Wildlife Service, 300 species waiting to be put on the list may have become
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extinct before they could be listed (pg 76, Taylor).
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When the ESA program was set up, the goal was to re- establish
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endangered species in the wild so they could be removed from the list. Few
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of these species have recovered enough thought to remove them from the
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list. After a species is placed on the endangered or threatened list, the
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nest step is to determine a recovery plan that will help increase the
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number of animals or plants. Measures include buying more land to preserve
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their habitats or breeding the species in captivity so they can be
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released. But setting up effective recovery plans takes a lot of time and
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money, and only one-third of the species on the list even have recovery
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plans.
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Activist groups and concerned citizens have halted many development
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projects around the nation to preserve wildlife habitats. But often the
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bitterness is just increased on both sides of the political battle, and the
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victory for wildlife is only temporary. Realistic and workable solutions
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usually involve some compromises on both sides. When people benefit by
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allowing a threatened or endangered animal to prosper, both sides win a
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longer-lasting victory. Compromises like this help make re- introduction
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programs successful.
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Scientists are quick to remind us that endangered animals may be a
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valuable resource in the future. When wildlife species are threatened or
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wiped out, the whole world loses. People in Canada and many other countries
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are concerned not only about their own endangered animals but also about
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those in developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America.
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Many species that share our world face frightening threats that may
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ultimately lead to their extinction. But, as we have seen, the picture is
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not all bleak. Today there are more opportunities than ever before for
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caring people to help in the fight to save endangered wildlife. With many
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animals being brought back from the brink and new improved recovery
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programs, the animals have a much better shot at survival than they would
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have a decade ago.
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Bibliography
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Savage Candace, On The Brink: Endangered Species in Canada.
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Western Producer Prairie Books, Saskatoon, Sask. 1989.
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Silverstein Robert, Saving Endangered Species.
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Enslow Publishers, inc, 1993
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Taylor Dave, Endangered Species
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Crabtree Publishing Company,1992
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