119 lines
6.5 KiB
Plaintext
119 lines
6.5 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßÛßßßßßÛÛÜ ÜÜßßßßÜÜÜÜ ÜÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÛßß ßÛÛ
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ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛ ÜÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜ ßÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÜÜÜÛÛÝ Ûß
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ßßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßßÛÜÞÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÞß
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Mo.iMP ÜÛÛÜ ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ßÛß
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ß ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛ
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ÜÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÜÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÛÛÞÛÛÛÛÛÝ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ÜÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÜÛÛÛÛÜÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ÞÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛ Ü ÛÝÛÛÛÛÛ Ü
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ÛÛ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßÛÜ ßßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÜÜÜß ÛÛÛÛÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÛÛÛÛÛß
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ßßßßß ßßÛÛß ßßßßß ßßßßßßßßßßßßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Report on Queen Eliza- ]
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[x]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [beth during Elizabethan ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [times ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 09/94 # of Words:815 School: ? State: ?
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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QUEEN ELIZABETH I
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Queen Elizabeth was born in Greenwich Palace on September 7,
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1533. She died on March 24, 1603, of natural causes. Her father
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was Henry VII. His second wife, Anne Boleyn was Elizabeth's
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mother. King Henry wanted a son, but received a daughter,
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instead, from his second wife. Before Elizabeth's third
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birthday, Henry had her mother beheaded in charges of adultery
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and treason.
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Elizabeth was brought up in a separate household at Hatfield
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(not known). King Henry's third wife gave birth to a son. This
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boy was named Edward. Edward was declared first in line for King
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Henry's throne, while Mary (Daughter of Henry's first wife) was
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declared second, and Elizabeth was declared third and last in
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line for the throne.
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Elizabeth received a thorough education that was normally
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reserved for men. She was taught by special tutors of whom, the
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most known, was a Cambridge humanist by the name of Roger Ascham.
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Roger Ascham wrote about Elizabeth, "Her mind has no womanly
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weakness. Her perseverance is equal to that of a man and her
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memory long keeps what it quickly picks up. With the help of
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these tutors, she was not only fluent in two languages, but in
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four languages. She was fluent in the languages of Greek, Latin,
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French, and Italian.
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When Henry died in 1547, her brother, Edward, took over the
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throne at ten years of age. Edward, with a short reign on the
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throne, died in 1553, and Elizabeth's half, older sister, Mary
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took the throne. Mary, like Edward, died on November 17, 1558,
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after a short time on the throne.In October 1562, Queen
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Elizabeth almost died of small pox.
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In 1584, Europe's other major protestant leader, William of
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Orange, was assassinated. For the first time in her life,
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Elizabeth showed some concern. She was now, the only major
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protestant leader in Europe. At this time, Elizabeth's Privy
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council drew up a Bond of Association which pledged that its
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signers, in an attempt on Elizabeth's life, would kill the
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assassins along with the claimant to the throne who the attempt
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was made for.
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In the mid 1580s, it was clear that a direct military
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confrontation between England and Spain was unavoidable in the
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near future.
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Word reached London that the Spanish king, Philip II, had
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started to assemble together an enormous fleet that would sail to
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the Netherlands, and join forces with a waiting Spanish army led
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by the duke of Parma. After joining forces, this fleet would
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proceed to invade and probably conquer the now protestant
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England.
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The always conservative queen reluctantly had authorized
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sufficient funds to maintain a fleet of maneuverable, well-armed
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fighting ships, to which other ships from the merchant fleet
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would be added.
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In July 1588, the "Invincible Armada" reached the English
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water and the queen's ships. In one of the most famous naval
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encounters of history, the queen's ships defeated the enemy
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fleet, which then in an attempt to return to Spain, was all but
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destroyed by terrible storms.
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At the time when the Spanish invasion was expected, Queen
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Elizabeth decided to review in person, a detachment of soldiers
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assembled at Tilbury. She was dressed in a white gown and a
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silver breastplate and she rode through the camp and proceeded to
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deliver a celebrated speech. Some of her councilors had
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cautioned her against appearing before a large and armed crowd.
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But she told them that she would not distrust her faithful and
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loving people. Also, she was not afraid of Parma's army.
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At this time, she says, "I know I have the body of a weak
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and feeble woman, but I have a heart and stomach of a king, and
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of a king of England too." She then promised, "in the word of a
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Prince."
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Francis Bacon wrote, a few years after Elizabeth's death,
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"She imagined, that the people, who are much influenced by
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externals, would be diverted by the glitter of her jewels, from
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noticing the decay of her personal attractions." Bacon's
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cynicism reflects the darkening tone of the last decade of Queen
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Elizabeth's reign, where her control of her country's political,
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religious, and economic forces and over her representation of
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herself began to show severe strains.
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Bad harvests, continued inflation, and unemployment caused
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strain and a loss of public morale. Charge of corruption and
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greed led to widespread popular hatred of the Queen's favourite,
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to whom she had given large and much-resented monopolies.
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Queen Elizabeth continued to make brilliant speeches, to
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exercise her authority. But she suffered from bouts of
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melancholy, ill health, and showed signs of increasing debility.
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As Sir Walter Raleigh remarked, "a lady surprised by time."
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On march 24, 1603, having reportedly indicated JAMES VI as
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her successor, Queen Elizabeth died quietly. The nation accepted
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the new King quite enthusiastically.
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But long before her death, she had transformed herself into
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a powerful image of female authority.
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