154 lines
8.9 KiB
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154 lines
8.9 KiB
Plaintext
ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ ÜÜÜ ÜÜÜÜ
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ÜÛ ÞÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛ ßÛÜ ßÛÛÛÜÜ ÜÜÛÛÛß ÞÛ ÞÛÛÛÝ ÜÜÛÛ
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ßÛÜ ÜÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ßßÜÜ ßßÜÛÛßß ßÛÛÜ ßßßÛßÛÛÛÛÛÛÛßß
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on the Black Hole ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [ ]
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[x]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 10/94 # of Words:1306 School: ? State: ?
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ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Chop Here>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
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Everyday we look out upon the night sky, wondering and dreaming of what
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lies beyond our planet. The universe that we live in is so diverse and
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unique, and it interests us to learn about all the variance that lies
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beyond our grasp. Within this marvel of wonders our universe holds a
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mystery that is very difficult to understand because of the complications
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that arise when trying to examine and explore the principles of space. That
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mystery happens to be that of the ever clandestine, black hole.
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This essay will hopefully give you the knowledge and understanding of
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the concepts, properties, and processes involved with the space phenomenon
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of the black hole. It will describe how a black hole is generally formed,
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how it functions, and the effects it has on the universe.
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In order to understand what exactly a black hole is, we must first take
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a look at the basis for the cause of a black hole. All black holes are
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formed from the gravitational collapse of a star, usually having a great,
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massive, core. A star is created when huge, gigantic, gas clouds bind
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together due to attractive forces and form a hot core, combined from all
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the energy of the two gas clouds. This energy produced is so great when it
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first collides, that a nuclear reaction occurs and the gases within the
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star start to burn continuously. The Hydrogen gas is usually the first
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type of gas consumed in a star and then other gas elements such as Carbon,
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Oxygen, and Helium are consumed.
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This chain reaction fuels the star for millions or billions of years
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depending upon the amount of gases there are.
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The star manages to avoid collapsing at this point because of the
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equilibrium achieved by itself. The gravitational pull from the core of
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the star is equal to the gravitational pull of the gases forming a type of
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orbit, however when this equality is broken the star can go into several
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different stages.
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Usually if the star is small in mass, most of the gases will be
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consumed while some of it escapes. This occurs because there is not a
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tremendous gravitational pull upon those gases and therefore the star
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weakens and becomes smaller. It is then referred to as a White Dwarf. If
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the star was to have a larger mass however, then it may possibly Supernova,
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meaning that the nuclear fusion within the star simply goes out of control
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causing the star to explode. After exploding a fraction of the star is
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usually left (if it has not turned into pure gas) and that fraction of the
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star is known as a neutron star.
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A black hole is one of the last option that a star may take. If the
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core of the star is so massive (approximately 6-8 solar masses; one solar
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mass being equal to the sun's mass) then it is most likely that when the
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star's gases are almost consumed those gases will collapse inward, forced
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into the core by the gravitational force laid upon them.
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After a black hole is created, the gravitational force continues to
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pull in space debris and other type of matters to help add to the mass of
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the core, making the hole stronger and more powerful.
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Most black holes tend to be in a consistent spinning motion. This
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motion absorbs various matter and spins it within the ring (known as the
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Event Horizon) that is formed around the black hole. The matter keeps
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within the Event Horizon until it has spun into the centre where it is
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concentrated within the core adding to the mass. Such spinning black holes
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are known as Kerr Black Holes.
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Most black holes orbit around stars due to the fact that they once were
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a star, and this may cause some problems for the neighboring stars. If a
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black hole gets powerful enough it may actually pull a star into it and
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disrupt the orbit of many other stars. The black hole could then grow even
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stronger (from the star's mass) as to possibly absorb another.
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When a black hole absorbs a star, the star is first pulled into the
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Ergosphere, which sweeps all the matter into the Event Horizon, named for
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it's flat horizontal appearance and because this happens to be the place
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where mostly all the action within the black hole occurs. When the star is
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passed on into the Event Horizon the light that the star endures is bent
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within the current and therefore cannot be seen in space. At this exact
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point in time, high amounts of radiation are given off, that with the
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proper equipment can be detected and seen as an image of a black hole.
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Through this technique astronomers now believe that they have found a black
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hole known as Cygnus X1. This supposed black hole has a huge star orbiting
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around it, therefore we assume there must be a black hole that it is in
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orbit with.
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The first scientists to really take an in depth look at black holes and
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the collapsing of stars, were a professor, Robert Oppenheimer and his
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student Hartland Snyder, in the early nineteen hundreds. They concluded on
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the basis of Einstein's theory of relativity that if the speed of light was
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the utmost speed over any massive object, then nothing could escape a black
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hole once in it's clutches. **(1)
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The name "black hole" was named such, because of the fact that light
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could not escape from the gravitational pull from the core, thus making the
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black hole impossible for humans to see without using technological
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advancements for measuring such things like radiation. The second part of
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the word was named "hole" due to the fact that the actual hole, is where
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everything is absorbed and where the centre core presides. This core is
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the main part of the black hole where the mass is concentrated and appears
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purely black on all readings even through the use of radiation detection
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devices.
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Just recently a major discovery was found with the help of a device
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known as The Hubble Telescope. This telescope has just recently found what
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many astronomers believe to be a black hole, after being focused on an star
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orbiting empty space. Several picture were sent back to Earth from the
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telescope showing many computer enhanced pictures of various radiation
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fluctuations and other diverse types of readings that could be read from
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the area in which the black hole is suspected to be in.
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Several diagrams were made showing how astronomers believe that if
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somehow you were to survive through the centre of the black hole that there
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would be enough gravitational force to possible warp you to another end in
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the universe or possibly to another universe. The creative ideas that can
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be hypothesized from this discovery are endless.
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Although our universe is filled with much unexplained, glorious,
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phenomenon, it is our duty to continue exploring them and to continue
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learning, but in the process we must not take any of it for granted.
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As you have read, black holes are a major topic within our universe and
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they contain so much curiosity that they could possibly hold unlimited
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uses. Black holes are a sensation that astronomers are still very puzzled
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with. It seems that as we get closer to solving their existence and
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functions, we just end up with more and more questions.
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Although these questions just lead us into more and more unanswered
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problems we seek and find refuge into them, dreaming that maybe one day,
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one far off distant day, we will understand all the conceptions and we will
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be able to use the universe to our advantage and go where only our dreams
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could take us.
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References For Into The Depths of a Black Hole
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**(1): Parker, Barry. Colliding Galaxies. PG#96
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