538 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
538 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
GEMERAL FEMINISM * by Flick Ruby
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The ultimate goal of feminism is to make feminism unnecessary. And that
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makes feminism different from other political movements in this country.
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1
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Women consititute half the worlds population, perform nearly two thirds of
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the world's work, receive one tenth of the world's income and own less than
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one hundreth of the worlds wealth UN decade of women 1975-85 findings. 2
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Male Identificaion means internalising the values of the colonizer and
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actively participating the carrying our the colonization of oneself and
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one's sex., Male identification is the way whereby women place men above
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women including themselves, in credibility status, and importance in most
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situations regardless of the comparitive quality the women may bring to the
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situation. 3
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"My own journey has been from unawareness to assigning responsibility for
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my world," she concluded. "by understanding that the forces that oppress me
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have that power only because I cooperate with them. These forces seem
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impenetrable - the Pentagon, the Multinationals. They seem to hate the
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world parceled out and under control. But I challenge them because they
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don't create justice. I take my cooperation away, and I encourage others
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to do the same. We can make change when large numbers of us act in unity.
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4
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"Male language allows males to participate fully in it, while females can
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do so only be abstracting themselves from their concrete identities as
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females. 5
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"She wrote as a woman, but as a woman who has forgotten that she is a
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woman, so that her pages were full of that curious sexual quality which
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comes only when sex is unconscious of itself" 6
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Men describe the world from their own point of view which they confuse with
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absolute truth 7
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Mechaniam, as a metaphysics and an epistimelogy not nly spread from physics
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to chemistry and biology, but also to physicology, psychology, religion,
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poetry, ethics, political theory and art. 8
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Heidi Hartmann defines patriarchy as: a set of social relations between
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men, which have a material base, and which, though hierarchial, establish
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or create interdependence and solitaridy among men that enable them to
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dominate women. Though patriarchy is hierarchial and men of different
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places in the patriarchy they, are also united in their shared relationship
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of dominance over thier women, they are dependent on eachother to maintain
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that domination...in the hierarchy of patriarchy, all men, whatever their
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rank in the partriarchy are bought off by being able to control at least
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some women. 9
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Feminism for me is the desire to remove the necessity for women to turn off
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to survive, to accept the situation which is unbearable because 'everyone
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else does'. Feminism is having a big shit detector which can make an
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entire day utterely miserable because feminists cannot hang their politics
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up on a hook before they go "out". 10
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Feminist NOTICE. Being a feminist means NOTICING being aware of the
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details, seeing as meaningful what most see as incidental. For this we are
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accused of paranoia. The mind's behind ASIO, CIA etc play on the word
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paranoia for one is easliy dismissed if one is paraniod and again in the
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cloak of a joke the truth slips by, not taken in, registered or even
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contemplated. All people who ponder the possiibilities who notice the
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connections who are cracking the code of the powers that be are labeled
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paranoid. And when people that you think you know start revealing that
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they are the enemy, start threatening you, messing with you car, playing
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power games that involve ancient words and symbols, when people keep popping
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up to the point where coincidence seems inconcievable , you can get
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paraniod or you can laugh. 11
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Our humor turns our anger into a fire . 12
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Power which can only be expressed deviously, secretly or through
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manipulation is always suspected of being dangerous or evil." 13
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As feminsts, we inhabit the world in a new way. We see the world in a new
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way. We threaten to turn it upside down and inside out . We intend to
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change it so totally that someday the text of masculinsts writers will be
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anthropological curiosities. What was that Mailer talking about, our
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descendants will ask, should they come upon his work in some obscure
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archive. And they will wonder - bewildered, sad, at the masculinist
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glorification of war, the masculinist mystifications around killing maiming
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violence and pain; the tortured masks of phallic heroism; the main
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arrogance of phallic supremacy, the impoverished renderings of mothers and
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daughters, and so of life iteself. They will ask did those people really
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believe in those gods? 14
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When she does utter the unutterable and name this schism he has created, he
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will blame the messenger and call her the seperatist. 15
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They the masculinists, have told us that they write about the human
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condition, that their themes are the great themes - love, death, heroism,
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suffering, history itself, They have told us that our themes - love,
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death, heroism, suffering history itself are trivial because we are by our
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nature - trivial.
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I renounce masculinist art. It is not art which illuminates the human
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condition - it illuminates only and to men's final and ever lasting shame,
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the masculinist world and as we look around us , that world is not one to
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be proud of. Masculinist art, the art of centuries of men is not
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universal, or the final explication of what being in the world is. It is,
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in the end descriptive only of a world in which women are subjegated,
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submissive, enslaved, robbed of full becoming, distinguished only by
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carnality, demeaned. I say, my life is not trivial; my sensibility is nor
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trivial, my struggle is not trivial. Nor was my mothers, or her mother's
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before her. I renounce those who hate women, who have contempt for women
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who ridicule and demean women, and when I do, I renounce most of the art,
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masculinst are, ever made. 16
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"But while the male half is termed all of culture, men have not forgotten
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there is a female 'emotional half'. They live it on the sly., As the
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result of their battle to reject the female in themselves, they are unable
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to take love seriously as a cultural matter, but they can't do without it
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altogether. Love is the underbelly of (male) culture just as love is the
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weak spot of every man bent on proving his virility in that large male
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world of travel and adventure. Women have always known that men need love,
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and how they deny this need. Perhaps this explains the peculiar contempt
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women so universally feel for men." 17
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Talked to X yesterday and was slipping back into the old "well for a man he
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has his thoughts together etc etc" and then you talk to the woman in his
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life - Y- a bigger legend I'll go a long way to find and she said some
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really hard things that bought me right back down to earth. 18
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HE had no crippling doubts about his role nor about the function and value
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of marriage. To him it was simply an economic arrangement to some selfish
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benefit; one that would most easily satisfy his physical needs and
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reproduce his heirs. His wife too, was clear about her duties and rewards:
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ownership of herself and of her sexual psychological and housekeeping
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services for a lifetime, in return for long term patronage and protection
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by a member of the ruling class, and in her turn limited control over a
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household and over her children until they reached a certain age. Today
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this contract based on divided roles has been so disguised by sentiment
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that it goes completely unrecognized by millions of newly weds, and even
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most older married couples. 19
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"Men are not oppressed as men, and hence not in a position to be liberated
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as men. This dilema has prevented - thus far - the creation of a theory
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(and a language) of liberation which speaks specifically to men. Everyday
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language , with its false diachotomies of masculinity - feminity,
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male-female, oscures the bonds of domnance of men over women, feminist
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theory illuminated those bonds and the experience of women within
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patriarchy but has little need to comprehend the experience of being male.
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In the absence of such formulation, masculinity seems often to be a mere
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negative quality, oppressive in its exercies to both men and women,
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indistinguishable from oppression per se. What would a theory look like
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which accounts for the many froms of being a man can take. An answer to
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that question poses not a 'tragedy' by and opportunity" 20
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"An aggrandisment in false apology is still an aggrandizement" 21
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"The ruling classes of capitalist countries and their hired agents exault
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bourgeois so called 'democracy' to the skies. But the fact remains that
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under capitalism the great majority of women are inhumanly exploited and
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they suffer from numerous disabilities, from restrictions of their rights in
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public and political life, from degrading marriage and divorce laws, which
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place women in humiliating and inferior position to men, from economic
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dependence and household drudgery" 22
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"To sell a brain is worse than to sell a body, for when the body seller has
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sold her momentary pleasure, she takes good care that the matter shall end
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there. But when a breainseller has sold her brain, its anaemic, vicious
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and diseased progency, are let loose upon the world, to infect and corrupt
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and sow the seed of disease in others" 23
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The women say, you are really a slave if ever there was one. Men have make
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what diferentiated them from you the sign of domination and possession.
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They say, you will never be numerous enough to spit on their phallus, you
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will never be suffieiencly determined to stop speaking their language, to
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burn their currency theur effigied their works of art their symbols. They
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say, men have foreseen everything, they have christened your revolt in
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advance a slave revolt, a revolt against nature, they call it revolt when
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you want to appropriate what tis their, the phallus. The women say, I
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refuse henceforward to speak this language I refuse to mumble after them
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the words lack of penis lack of money lack of insignia lack of name. I
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refuse to pronounce the names of possession and non-possession, they say,
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If I take over the world, let it be to dispossess myself of it
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immediatesly, let it be to forge new links between myself and the world.
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24
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>From books films and experiences which afirmed that which we know from
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books and films, we know what she/he wants . We act and react accordingly.
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We react to his/her knowing what he/she wants. We count on that which we
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know from books and films and experiences, indeed being accurate.
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Samuel has make his way to my breasts. They remain lifeless. I still
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don't love them. How dreadful that pleasure can arise even though I dont
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love myself, even though love of self and love of another are detached from
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one another, like talk and love, like work and love, like pleasure and
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love.
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He bows his head, at last he can rest it for a moment. I take him in.
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Once again I look down on a man's head resting between my breasts. What is
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he searching for.
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I start running, Samuel disappears, the distance seperating us remains the
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same. Is Samuel a mirage? Is my need to be nurtured a mirage? I would
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like to put a stop to this at once, would like to move away from him, look
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him in the eyes, talk to him, fall asleep with him. Is my vagina moist?
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Is his penis hard? Have all the preperations been make for reuniting the
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disunited? Vagina-Penis has become a surrogate unity, a substitute for all
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severed relationships. 25
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"Love requires a mutual vulnerability that is impossible to achieve in an
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unequal power situation. Thus falling in love is no more that the process
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of alteration of male vision - through idealisation, mystification,
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glorification that renders void the womans class inferiority. 26
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Men who want to support women in our struggle for freedom and justice
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should undersand that it is not terrifically important to us that they
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learn to cry; it is important to us that they stop the crimes of violence
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against us . 27
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The anger of the survivor is murderous. It is more dangerous to her than
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to the one who hurt her. She does not believe in murder, even to save
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herself. She does not believe in murder, even though it would be more
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merciful punishment than he deserves. She wants him dead but will not kill
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him. She never gives up wanting him dead.
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The clarity of the survivor is chilling. Once she breaks out of the prison
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of terror and violence in which she has been nearly destroyed, a process
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that takes years, it is very difficult to lie to her or to manipulate her.
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She sees through the social strategies that have controlled her as a woman,
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the sexual strategites that have reduced her to a shadow of her own native
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possibilities. She knows that her life depends on never being taken in by
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romantic illusions or sexual hallucination......So what have I learned? I
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have learned not to believe in suffering. It is a form of death. If it is
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severe enough it is a poison; it kills the emotions." She knows that some
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of her own emotions have been killed and she mistrusts those who are
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infactuated with suffering, as if it were a source of life, not death. In
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her heart she is a mourner for those who have not survived. In her soul
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she is a warrior for those who are now as she was then. In her life she is
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both celebrant and proof of women's capacity and will to survive, to
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become, to act, to change self and sociey. And each year she is stronger
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and there are more of her. 28
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"Yes I too have been very afraid of my anger. But I think that if we can
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begin to free ourselves of the lie we've accepted about what it is to be an
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angry woman-a gorgon-if we can begin to believe in our anger as a healing
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force, then our own belief in it as that will cause men to begin to
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experience it in a different way. And our danger from them will decrease.
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In fact, I think the reason that men are so very violent is that they know,
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deep in themselves, that they're acting out a lie, and so they're furious.
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You can't be happy living a lie, and so they're furious at being caught up
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in the lie. But they don't know how to break out of it, so they just go
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further into it. 29
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Sandra Boston saw a scene in a move once that made a lasting impression.
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A man was picketing the White House in the middle of the night, caring a
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placard about stopping war. Nobody was there to see him except a night
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watchman who walked over to the man and said, "You know, you aren't going
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to change the world." The protester kept on marching but said, "I'm trying
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to keep the world from changing me." 30
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"Val gazed at her sympathetically. 'I know. That's what makes things so
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hard. And of course, our sort of radicalizm is the most threatening sort
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ever to come down the pike. Not because we have guns and money. They
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tried to laugh us out of existence, now they're trying to tokenize us out
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of existence, the way they've done with blacks, not very successfully, I
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think - but their refusal to take us seriously at all is a measure of their
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terror.
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31
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If pornography releases sexual frustration, why don't we send recipe books
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to the starving? 32
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The rebel sons wanted phallic power to be secular and "democratic" in the
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male sense of the word; that is, they wanted to fuck at will, as a
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birthright. With a princely arrogance that belied their egalitarian
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pretensions, they wanted to wield penises, not guns, as emblems of manhood.
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They did not repudiate the illegitimate power of the phallus: they
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repudiated the authority of the father that put limits of law and
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concention on their lust. They did not argue against the power of the
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phallus; they argued for pleasure as the purest use to which it could to
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put. 33
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If I use contraceptives, I get sicker than I already am. In order to be
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able to sleep with a man, I have to become a patient. 34
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Nobody likes pain, anguish and fear; but Joanna Macy insits that we cant
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act until we experience it. In her view, despair isn't craziness; it is an
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appropriate respose to the daily news. It represents an understanding of
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the unity of all life, and a sensitivity to the serious threat to that
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life. When we drop our defenses and let grief and apprehension surface,
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we are released from paralysis, and connected to all life. "Through our
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despair," she writes "something more profound and pervasive comes to light.
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It is our interconnectedness, our inter-existence. Beyond our pain and
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because of our pain, we awaken into that ...Despair work, experienced in
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this fashion, is consciousness-raising in the truest sense of that term.
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It increases our awareness, not only of the perils that face us, but also
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to the promise inherent in the human heart.." 35
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The only way we can come out of hiding, break through our paralysing
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defenses, is to know it all - the full extent of sexual violence and
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domination of women. In knowing, in facing directly we can learn to chart
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out course out of this oppression, by envisioning and creating a world
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which will preclude female sexual slavery" 36
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"Some days I feel dead, I feel like a robot, treading our time. Some days,
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I feel terribly alive, with hair like wires and a knife in my hand. Once
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in a while my mind slips and I think I am back in my dream and that I have
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shut the door, the one without a handly on the inside. I imagine that
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tommorrow I will be pounding and screaming to be let out, but no one will
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hear, no one will come. Other times I think I have gone over the line,
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like LiIly, like Val, and can no longer speak anything but truth...
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Maybe I need a keeper. I don't want them to lock me up and give me
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electric shock until I forget. Forget: lethe: the opposite of truth.
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I have opened all the doors in my head.
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I have opened all the pores in my body.
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But only the tide rolls in.
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Marylin French The Women's Room.
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The smoke of the burned witches still hangs in our nostrils; most of all,
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it reminds us to see ourselves as seperated, isolated units in copetition
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with eachother, alienated, powerless, alone. 37
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During the 16th and 17th centuries, Western society was undergoing massive
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changes. THe witch hunts were an expression both of the weadening of
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traditional restraints and of an increase in new pressures. It was a
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relolutionary time, but the persecutions helped to undermine the possiblity
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of a revolution that would benedit women. THe changes that occured
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benefited the rising monied professional classes and made possible the
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ruthless and extensive exploitation of women, working people and nature.
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As paet of that change, the persecusiton of witches awas linked to 3
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interconnected processes; the expropriation of land and natural resources,
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the expropriation of knowledge; and the war against the consciousness of
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immanence which was embodied in women, sexuality and magic. 38
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Their customs were the expression - in actions songs, costumes,
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celebrations - of the organic unity of the human community and the oneness
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of the peasant with the land and its gifts. 39
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And then he raised his eyes to her face and was sad. For sufficient
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reasons he was very sensitive to the tragedies of women, and he knew it was
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a tragedy that such a face should surmount such a body. For her body would
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imprison her in soft places, she would be allowed no adventures other than
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love, no achievements other than births. But her face was haggard, in
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spite of its youth, with appetite for travel in the hard places of the
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world, for the adventures and achievements that are the birth right of any
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man. 40
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"But it's hard for being punished just for what you are" 41
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He stood, nodded, smiled, pointed to the seat, I sat, he gave me a
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cigarette, I smoked, I drank coffee, he talked, I listened, he talked, I
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built castles out of paper on table tops, he talked, oh I was so quiet, so
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soft, all brazen thighs to the naked eye, to his dead and ugly eye, but
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inside I wanted him to see inside I was all aquiver, all trembling and
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dainty, all worried and afraid, nervy and a pale invalid, all pathetic
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need contaminated by intellect that was like wild weeds, wild weeds,
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massively killing the fragile gentle flower garden inside, those pruned and
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fragile little flowers. This I conveyed by being quiet and tender and oh
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so quiet, and I could see my insides all running with blood, all running
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with knife cuts and big fuck bruises and he saw it too. 42
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I am numb. I want to cry but I do not cry. I dont cry over rape anymore.
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I burn but I don't cry. I shake but I don't cry. I get sick to my stomach
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but I don't cry. I scream inside so that my silent shrieking drowns the
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awful pounding of my heart but I don't cry. I am too weak to move but I
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don't cry"
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43
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"I am underground, under water, eyes closed because of the bitter saltiness
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of the water, wringing my hand in disbelief. X bashed Y up. My indierct
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but very real pain hasn't screamed, just hummed quietly like the
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electricity cables do. I feel like a big electircity monster and I want to
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march up the highway, stalk my way leaving shrieks that haunt children into
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their twenties and set fire to him. He said and did it all in just one
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night. The betrayal, the hate, the shame stains my day RED. The red of
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raw, the red of the blood that must have been shed. 44
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Taoist China considered red a sacred color associated with women, blood,
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sexual potency and creative power. White was the colour of men, semen,
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negative influences, passsivity and death. This was the basic Tantric idea
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of male and female essences. The male principle was seen as "passive" and
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quiescent' the female principle as "active" and "creative" the reverse of
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later patriarchial views." 45
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"Do you promise me that behind that red curtain over ther the figure of Sir
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Charles Biron is not concealed? We are all women you assure me? Then I may
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tell you the very next words I read were these 'Chloe liked Olivia...' Do
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not start. Do not blush. Let us admit in the privacy of our own society
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that these things sometimes happen. Sometimes women do like women" 46
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No movement has ever been more than an accumilaion of small motions of
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people acting within their own sheres. In rearranging our lives, we
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participate in rearranging the life of society. The qualities on which we
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have depended for several millennia, which we have imagined kept us afloat
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- power-in-the-world, possesssion, status, hierarchy, tradition - are in
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fact sweeping us to ruin what is necessary to prevent that ruin are the
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very qualities we have leared to trust - the flexible, fluid, transient
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elements of affection and communality.
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The past had its moment; we have ours. After a moment all life dies and is
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transformed, transubstantiated. The end of life is the continuation of
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life, the means we use to attain that end is the mode in which we live it .
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All of us, victors and victims, and we are all both, are transitory. Like
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the world, we are passing. We are like soldier ants, moving from a
|
|
depleted area to seek food beyond, in an unexplored terrain. We have
|
|
encountered a river that sepatates us from sight of the future; we have a
|
|
choice only to die where we stand or to enter it . The ants always enter
|
|
and drown. They drown by the millions, and in their death add their bodies
|
|
to a bridge on which the survivors can cross over to what they hope will be
|
|
richer grounds, as the devoured terrain behind them regenerated itself.
|
|
All of us, members of transitory generations, help to create the bridge by
|
|
which the past continues its the future. But if our lives are filled with
|
|
self denial, self punishment, empty rewards, illusory goals, and the
|
|
mutilations of power and obedience, then neither our lives nor our legacy
|
|
is worth the pain. Only pleasure in the journey can make thejourney
|
|
worthwhile, and our pleasure in our journey is also a legacy to those who
|
|
follow.
|
|
|
|
And if we fail? We fail: to turn the world of wicked Lady Macbeth to good
|
|
purpose. The goal - feminizing the world - is also the means - feminizing
|
|
our worlds. The end is the process: integrating ourselves and carrying
|
|
integration as far into the world as we can. There is no final end, there
|
|
is only the doing well, being what we want to be , doing what we want to
|
|
do, living in delight. The choice lies between a life lived through and a
|
|
life lived; between fragmentation and wholeness; between leaving behind us,
|
|
as generations before us have done, a legacy of bitterness, sacrafice, and
|
|
fear, and leaving behind us, if nothing more than this, a memory of our own
|
|
being and doing with pleasure, an image of a life our young will want to
|
|
emulate rather than avoid. The choice lied between servitude and freedom,
|
|
fragmentation and integration. The choice may be beween death and life. 47
|
|
|
|
New structures can emerge sucessfully only in resopnse to a new or
|
|
different set of ends. When we value pleasure - human well being - as much
|
|
as profit (power), new sturctures will seem to generate themselves. 48
|
|
|
|
It's taken women a long time to say why nuclear power is a women's issue.
|
|
We are the first affetcted by it, and that's why we have to take it real
|
|
personally. I speak a lot at anti-nuclear rallies - I get up ther eand I'm
|
|
(1) the only women and (2) the only non-white - they get two birds with one
|
|
stone! Women have got to demand that we speak, because men are dong all
|
|
the talking at the moment. We have a saying - Women are the backbone, and
|
|
men are the jawbone; and it's true in every society. I'm not saying that
|
|
we should be the jawbone, but that men be a little more of the backbone. 49
|
|
|
|
We must also demand that our politics serve our sexuality. To often, we
|
|
have asked secuality to serve politics instead. Ironically the same
|
|
movements that have criticised sexual repression and boring morality have
|
|
them selves too often tried to mould their sexual feelings to serve the
|
|
correct political theory. 50
|
|
|
|
Love, the strongest and deepsest element in all life, the harginger of hope
|
|
of joy, of ecstasy; love the defier of all laws, of all conventions; love
|
|
the freest, the most powerful moulder of human destiny; how can such an
|
|
all-compelling force be synonymous with that poor little State and Church
|
|
begotten weed, marriage?...
|
|
|
|
Some day, some day men and women will rise, they will reach the mountain
|
|
peak, they will meet big and strong and free, ready to receive, to partake
|
|
and to bask in the golden rays of love. What fancy, what imagination, what
|
|
poetic genius can foresee even approximately the potentialities of such a
|
|
force in the life of men and women. If the world is ever to give birth to
|
|
true companionship and oneness, not marriage, but love will be the parent.
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
Salvation lies in an energetic march onward towards a brighter and clearer
|
|
future. We are in need of unhampered growth out of old traditions and
|
|
habits. The movement for womens emancipation has so far made but the first
|
|
step in that direction. It is to be hoped that it will gather strength to
|
|
make another. The right to vote, or equal civil rights, may be good
|
|
demands but true emancipation begins neither at the polls nor in the
|
|
courts. It begins in woman's soul. History tells us that every oppressed
|
|
class gained true liberation from its masters through its own efforts. It
|
|
is necessary that woman learn that lesson, that she realize that her
|
|
freedom will reach as far as her power to achieve her freedom reaches. It
|
|
is therefor, far more important for her to begin with her inner
|
|
regeneration, to cut loose from the weight of prejudices, traditions, and
|
|
customs. The demand for equial rights in every vocation of life is just and
|
|
fair; but after all, the most vital right is the right to love and be
|
|
loved. Indeed, if partial emancipation is to become a complete and true
|
|
emancipation of woman, it will have to do away with the ridiculous notion
|
|
that to be loved, to be sweetheart and mother, is synonymous with being
|
|
slave or subordinate. It will have to do away with the absurd notion of
|
|
the dualism of the sexes, or that man an woman represent two antagonistic
|
|
worlds.
|
|
|
|
Pettiness seperates; breadth unites. Let us be broad and big. Let us not
|
|
overlook vital things because of the bulk of trifles confronting us. A
|
|
true conception of the relation of the sexes will not admit of conqueror
|
|
and conquerd. It knows of but one real thing. To give of one's self
|
|
boundlessly, in order to find ones self richer, deeper, better. That alone
|
|
can fill the emptiness, and transform the tragedy of womans emancipation
|
|
into joy, limitless joy." 52
|
|
|
|
1. Dworkin, Andrea Feminism an Agenda in Letters from the War Zone
|
|
2. UN Decade of Women findings
|
|
3. Adrienne Rich, Compulsory Heterosexuality and the Lesbian Experience
|
|
4. Powell &Cheatham This Way Daybreak Comes, New Soc. Press 1986
|
|
5. Spender, Dale Man Made Language
|
|
6. Woolf, Virginia A Room of Ones Own
|
|
7. de Beauvoir, Simone The Second Sex
|
|
8. Morgan Robin, The Demon Lover Norton 1987
|
|
9. This Way Daybreak COmes
|
|
10. Job Application, F. Ruby
|
|
11. ibid
|
|
12.
|
|
13.Olsen, Carl The Book of The Goddess
|
|
14. Dworkin, Andrea Our Blood
|
|
15. ibid
|
|
16. ibid
|
|
17. Firestone, SHulamith THe Dialectic of Sex
|
|
18. Diary
|
|
19. Firestone ibid
|
|
20. Sattle, Jack Men Inexpressiveness and Power
|
|
21. Spivak
|
|
22. Popora,N Women in Russia
|
|
23. Woolf V ibid
|
|
24. Wittig, Monique Les Guerillere
|
|
25. Stefan, Verena Shedding
|
|
26. Firestone ibid
|
|
27. Dworkin Andrea The Rape Atrocity and the BOy Next Door in Letters
|
|
from The War ZOne
|
|
28. Dworkin, Andrea A Battered Wife Survives in Letters From The War
|
|
Zone
|
|
29. Demming Barbara Reweaving the Web, New Soc. Press 1982
|
|
30. This Way Daybreak Comes ibid
|
|
31. French Marylinb, The WOmens Room
|
|
32. Dworkin
|
|
33. Dworkin Why So-called Radical men lovea nd need Porn
|
|
34. Stefan, V ibid
|
|
35. This Way Daybreak Comes
|
|
36. Rich, Aidrienne ibid
|
|
37. French, Maryln. The WOmen's Room ibid
|
|
38 Starhawk, Dreaming the Dark, Beacon Press 1982
|
|
39. ibid
|
|
40. West, Rebecca The Judge Virago
|
|
41. ibid
|
|
42. Dworkin Andrea, Fire and Ice
|
|
43. ibid
|
|
44. diary
|
|
45. Womens Book Of Myths and Secrets
|
|
46. Woolf ibid
|
|
47. French Marylin Beyond Power ibid
|
|
48. ibid
|
|
49. Interview with Winowa La Duke, Spare Rib Readerm Ruth Wallsgrove
|
|
50. Starhawk ibid
|
|
51. Goldman, Emma, Marriage and Love
|
|
52. Goldman, Emma Social Institutions
|
|
|