865 lines
38 KiB
Plaintext
865 lines
38 KiB
Plaintext
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Telecommunications Dictionary
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(C) Copyright 1989 R. Scott Perry
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Version 0.99
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Last Update: 11/11/89
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Will remain v0.99 until final alphabetical entry
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NOTE 1: This is NOT the final version. Even though there are
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well over 150 words defined here, the final version including
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over 300 words is not ready at this time.
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NOTE 2: This IS a copyrighted work, but I am allowing free
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distribution in its original format WITH NO MODIFICATIONS. If
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you have any suggestions for modifications, comments, etc., you
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can write to me at:
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R. Scott Perry
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Box 2189
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Fairfield University
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Fairfield, CT 06430
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Notes about the entries
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----- ----- --- -------
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* (Also called <entry>) means that there are more than one word
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for a certain concept. Do not bother looking at <entry>, it will
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just refer you back to the original entry
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* See also [entry] at the end of a definition refers you to more
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information or an entry that may help you understand the original
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entry better. Also, opposites of words will often refer to one
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another.
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* See <entry> appearing directly after the term indicates that
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the definition is the same as <entry>, and you should look there.
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* BBS is used generically to denote any service that you can call
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up with your computer, whether it is a bulletin board or a pay
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service.
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* Note that many words have more than one definition- some that
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pertain to telecommunications and some that don't. Definitions
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that do not relate to telecommunications will not be listed.
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---Numbers---
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8N1 - the most common modem set-up. [see also format]
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0004-0000-00345-4 - the stock number for "How to Identify and
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Resolve Radio-TV Interference Problems," as listed in almost all
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manuals for hardware. If you want a copy, write to: US Govern-
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ment Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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103 - officially, `Bell 103' which is the standard controlling
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transmission at 300 baud. It was created by AT&T. [see also
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212A]
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202 - the mode used by the Applecat modem and CATFUR.
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212A - officially, `Bell 212A' which is the standard controlling
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transmission at 1200 baud. It was created by AT&T. [see also
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103]
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300 baud (bps) - a transmission speed that is quickly becoming
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outdated (though most modems will allow communication at the
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speed) that is roughly equal to 30 characters per second.
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1200 baud (bps) - In the mid 1980's this was the most common
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transmission speed, until 2400 baud became popular/cheaper. It
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is roughly equal to 120 characters per second.
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2400 baud (bps) - A fairly high-speed transmission speed that
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towards the end of the 1980's has been gaining popularity. It is
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roughly equal to 240 characters per second.
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9600 baud (bps) - At this time, the fastest transmission speed
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available for commercial modems.
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---A---
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abort - [1] The command word used with editors that allows you to
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exit, destroying your message. [2] The character used to stop
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characters from a block of text appearing on your screen. Usual-
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ly the spacebar or CTRL-X are used to abort a message.
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access - [1] (verb) When someone is using a BBS with their com-
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puter. "My boss was accessing a BBS bulletin board when he was
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interrupted by the doorbell." [2] (noun) Refers to an intangible
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amount (usually represented by a security level or flags) that
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indicate to what extent you are allowed to use a BBS. When used
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in a term such as `you will be granted access', it means the
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amount of access that new users will generally receive.
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account - A term that refers to information that a BBS has about
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you. It is usually referred to by an ID number or your name.
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The information it contains can include any information that you
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have at some point given the BBS, usually including your name and
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phone number. [see also ID number]
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account number - See ID number.
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ACK A character (CTRL-F) that acknowledges something, usually
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that a certain amount of data has been received correctly. [see
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also NAK]
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alias - A name that users can use on a bulletin board that is not
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their own. Aliases are usually used by young BBS users and those
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who pirate software or do other illegal activities. Some exam-
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ples of aliases are `Cracker Kid', `Starbuck', and `Midnight
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Killer'. (Also called handle)
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ampersand - A character (&) that usually means `and'.
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analog - As far as electronic signals are concerned, analog
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refers to signals that can represent an infinite range of num-
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bers, as opposed to digital which can only be distinct whole
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numbers. Analog data often comes from measurements. The sound a
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modem makes over the phone is analog since it can be any number
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of different frequencies. [see also digital]
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anonymous - Refers to an author of a message that is unknown. On
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some BBS's you are allowed to post anonymous messages so that
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others won't know who you are. The SysOp usually can find out
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who the author is, however.
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answer mode - The condition in which a modem is ready to answer
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the phone when it rings and prepare to connect with another
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modem. All BBS's are in answer mode. [see also originate mode]
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apostrophe - The character '. It is usually used in contractions
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of words, such as "don't".
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append - To add to. Some BBS's allow you to add text from anoth-
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er message to the message you are posting.
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ASCII - An acronym for American Standard Code of Information
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Interchange. It uses 7 bits to represent all uppercase and
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lowercase characters, as well as numbers and many characters and
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punctuation marks. ASCII often uses 8 bits in the form of bytes
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and ignores the first bit. [see also EBCDIC]
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asterisk - The character *.
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asynchronous communication - This is when the beginning and end
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of each byte that is sent over the phone lines is marked somehow.
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This way, if there is line noise, the modem can find out right
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away where the next byte should start.
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at sign - The character @. Often read as 'at'.
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AT&T - American Telegraph and Telephone, the inventors of the
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first modem.
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attended mode -
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audio monitor - A speaker that is part of the modem and allows
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you to listen to whatever sound is on the phone line. This is
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often used to hear busy signals or make sure that the other modem
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picks up the carrier.
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auto-answer - When a modem has the ability to automatically pick
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up the phone when the phone rings and attempt to connect with
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another computer.
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auto-dial - When a modem is capable of dialing a phone number, so
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that you don't have to dial manually.
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auto-kill - A feature on some BBS's that will delete a message on
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a board if a certain threshold limit is reached. For example, a
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BBS might delete the second message on a board if there are
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already 100 messages and someone posts another message.
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auto-page -
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auto-redial - A feature that allows a modem or a term program to
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dial a number again after it finds out that the number is busy.
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This is very handy when trying to get through to popular bulletin
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boards that are often busy.
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auto-reply - To send a message (either public or private) immedi-
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ately after reading a message on a BBS. Usually, this is used to
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respond to the author of the message.
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auto-save - The ability of a terminal program to save information
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that it receives from BBS on disk that it was originally storing
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in memory. This way, if there is more information than will fit
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in the buffer, it will not be lost.
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auto-syncing driver -
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---B---
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backdoor - A way of getting into a BBS and getting full access,
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without using a regular account. Usually the author of the BBS
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program built the backdoor into the program so that he could get
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access to any BBS running his software.
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backslash - The character \.
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backspace - The character (CTRL-H) that causes the cursor on your
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screen to move back one space. [see also destructive backspace
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and non-destructive backspace]
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baud - A term referring to the speed at which computers communi-
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cate. Officially, it is the number of changes in an electronic
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signal per second. Since the number of changes usually is the
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same as the number of bits sent or received per second, bps and
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baud are often used interchangeably. However, there is a slight
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difference, so if you are writing a technical manual make sure
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you understand the difference.
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BBS - An acronym for Bulletin Board System. Usually it is a home
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computer that has a modem attached and is waiting for calls from
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your computer. It can, however, also refer to commercial serv-
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ices (such as CompuServe and the Source) and any other computers
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that you can call via telephone lines. BBS's almost always allow
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you to leave messages for other users. Many BBS's have programs
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that you can download and use on your computer. BBS can also be
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expanded simply to `bulletin board'.
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bisync - Refers to a modem that synchronizes with an electronic
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signal over the telephone lines that marks the beginning of
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words. Don't worry if you don't understand this term.
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bit - A Binary digIT. It is a number in base 2, which means that
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it can only be a 0 or a 1. It is used in the expression `bits
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per second'. [see also byte, word]
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block - A group of characters. For example, when downloading a
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program, blocks of 128 characters are often sent.
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board - [1] See BBS. [2] A group of messages on a BBS that are
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related. For example, a BBS might have a board for general
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messages and another board for messages dealing with computers.
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bps - Bits Per Second. The transmission speed of most modems is
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measured in baud or bps. Bps is literally the number of bits
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sent by the modem every second. [see also baud]
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braces - The characters { and }.
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break character -
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browse - To go through the list of titles of bulletins and note
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which ones you want to read.
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buffer - [1] (verb) To save all incoming data in memory. [2]
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(verb) to temporarily save data until the computer has a chance
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to use it (using interrupts). [3] (noun) The place in memory
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where the saved information is stored, as in "I have a 32K buff-
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er."
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bulk mailing - Used on a BBS when you send the same message to
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more than one person. This saves you from rewriting the message.
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bulletin - A special message posted on a BBS, usually written by
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the SysOp. In most cases all users are expected to read any new
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bulletins that may have been posted since their last call.
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bulletin board - [1] see BBS [2] see board (definition #2)
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bulletin board system - see BBS
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busy - When a bulletin board is being used by a user, or when the
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telephone line is being used.
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busy signal - The sound that you hear on a phone when the phone
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number you are trying to reach is being used. It usually con-
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sists of 60 cycles per second. [see audio monitor]
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byte - A group of 8 bits. [see ASCII]
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---C---
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call back unit - A device that, after you connect with a BBS and
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tell it who you are, will then call your phone number. This is
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used to make a very secure system to prevent hackers from
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invading a system. It then becomes very difficult, if not
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impossible, for a hacker to get into the computer system.
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caller - Anyone who connects with a BBS. It is usually used in a
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phrase such as "You are caller #4328."
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caller log - A list of callers who have called a BBS within a
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given time period. The list may also keep information such as
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the baud rate of the caller. This is used so that the SysOp can
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keep track of users, as well as the occasional hacker.
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call waiting - A service that the phone company offers most
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customers that allows the customer to hear a special sound on the
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phone if there is an incoming call while the customer is talking
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with someone else. The customer can then talk with either call-
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er. This is a nice service unless you have a modem and call
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BBS's. If you are connected with a BBS and someone else calls
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you, you will be disconnected. In most areas there is a special
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2 or 3 digit number that you can dial before a phone call that
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will temporarily disconnect call waiting.
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capture buffer - The area in a computer's memory where a terminal
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program stores incoming data that is to be saved. (Also called
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capture memory). [see also buffer]
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capture memory - see capture buffer
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card (peripheral) -
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caret - The character ^.
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carriage return - see return
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carrier - The tone that the modem sends over the phone lines
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before any data is sent on it. It has a fixed frequency and a
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fixed amplitude.
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carrier detect - The wire in an RS-232C cable that holds the
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information as to whether the modem senses a carrier. (Also
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called CD)
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CB simulator - A computer service where there are multiple phone
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lines (usually at least 5). The CB simulator allows all the
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users to send messages to one another while they are on-line. It
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usually allows both public messages that everyone who is on can
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see and private messages that only one user can see.
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CD - see carrier detect
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center - Some editors on BBS's allow you to center a line of text
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so that it appears in the middle of the screen.
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character - Any letter, numeral, or symbol.
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characteristic -
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chat - A mode that allows two or more people (almost always a
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SysOp and a user on a BBS) to communicate with each other using
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the modem. Usually, each person can see what the other is typing
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at all times and can interrupt them (a beeping sound with a
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CTRL-G is useful to interrupt with).
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checksum - A number that represents a larger group of numbers in
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order to check for errors in date transmission. It is commonly
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used when downloading a program. The checksum is the result of a
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mathematical equation, such as adding all the numbers in a group
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together.
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Christensen protocol - see Xmodem
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columns - The width of your screen as measured by the number of
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characters your screen can fit across it. BBS's often ask for
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your screen width. Most current computers have a screen width of
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80 columns.
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command buffer - the place in your modem's memory where it stores
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the commands that you give it. [see also buffer]
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command set - A list of all the possible commands that you can
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give something, such as a modem, a BASIC program, or a BBS.
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commands - Instructions that you can give to a modem, a BBS, or
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another similar device.
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communication - The idea of transferring one's thoughts or ideas
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to another person.
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communications program - A program similar to a terminal program
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but somewhat better. Often used interchangeably with terminal
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program.
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compatible - When one object can work as another. Though the
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term is usually used with computers, it is often used with mo-
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dems. Many lesser known modems are compatible with more popular
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modems.
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configure - To set something to your liking. To configure a BBS,
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you may have to tell it your screen width, whether you need line
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feeds and other such information.
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configuration - All of the information that you used to configure
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something. Configuration is often used to describe what
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equipment you have for your computer (your computer configura-
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tion).
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connect - [1] To be at a point where you can start communicating
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with a BBS, as in "I have connected with the BBS." [2] Any point
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after you have established contact with a BBS, as in "I am still
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connected with the BBS" or "I have been connected with the
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bulletin board for just over an hour."
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connect speed -
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connection - The actual contact with a BBS. It is used most
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often in expressions such as "I have a bad connection," meaning
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that there is line noise.
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console -
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continue - To pick up where you left off, usually after pausing
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in the middle of a message. CTRL-Q and the spacebar are used
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most commonly to let the BBS know that you want to continue.
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control character - On of 32 ASCII characters that does not print
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on your screen or printer. These characters are usually used to
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control your computer. [see also CTRL]
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copyright - A term meaning that a program or text file is pro-
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tected by the government so that it may not legally be copied,
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except to make backup copies. You should not upload a copyright-
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ed program to a BBS, unless it is shareware or freeware. [see
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shareware, freeware]
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Co-SysOp - A term similar to a vice president. The Co-SysOp of a
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BBS has more access to the BBS than any other user except the
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SysOp. The Co-SysOp might check messages to make sure that they
|
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are suitable for the BBS (not containing illegal messages), and
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he may be able to validate users. Sometimes a Co-SysOp is just a
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title given to someone who helped the BBS a lot by doing things
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such as posting messages. Also, there can be more than one Co-
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SysOp. [see also SysOp]
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<CR> - Carriage Return. See return.
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CRC - Stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check. CRC is a system to
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make sure that data (usually a downloaded program) is as free as
|
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possible from error.
|
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crash - When a BBS is harmed in such a way that it is temporarily
|
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inoperable. The usual cause is that some files are destroyed,
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either by accident or by a hacker. Some people try to crash
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BBS's, a fact that most users (and especially SysOps) think is
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sad.
|
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CTRL- The abbreviation for ConTRoL. This abbreviation is
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followed by a dash and then a character, such as CTRL-C, meaning
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the control character C. [see also control character]
|
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CTRL-G - The control character G, which usually causes the
|
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computer to produce a beeping sound.
|
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|
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cursor - The marker that points out where text will next appear
|
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on your screen. It can be one of many things, usually a plain
|
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white or flashing square, or an underline.
|
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cyclic redundancy check - see CRC
|
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|
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---D---
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dash - the character -.
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data - a group of characters that represents meaningful
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information. It can be in the form of anything ranging from bank
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account numbers to all the words in a book.
|
||
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database - [1] A program that keeps track of data, such as the
|
||
information contained on mailing labels. [2] A large group of
|
||
data. The sum of the information that you can receive on exten-
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||
sive pay services such as CompuServe can be considered a data-
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base.
|
||
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database hack - A way that hackers attempt to gain access to
|
||
someone's account. They create a list of common passwords (such
|
||
as SECRET and MINE) and try every one on an account to see if it
|
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is the right password. Knowing about this method, an intelligent
|
||
BBS user should realize that they should not use easy-to-guess
|
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passwords.
|
||
|
||
data bits - The number of bits that the modem uses to represent
|
||
one byte. This is usually 8, though it can be 7 since ASCII
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needs only 7 of the 8 bits.
|
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|
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data mode -
|
||
|
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data terminal ready - see DTR
|
||
|
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decoy program -
|
||
|
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default - A setting or an answer that is automatically assumed.
|
||
If 80 columns is a default, then you only have to change it if
|
||
you want something other than 80 columns.
|
||
|
||
define -
|
||
|
||
delete - To destroy information. Often you only delete one
|
||
character at a time, such as when you are typing a message. To
|
||
do that you usually use the DELETE key.
|
||
|
||
destination -
|
||
|
||
destructive backspace - A term that indicates that your terminal
|
||
program deletes the character the cursor is on when it receives
|
||
the backspace character. [see also non-destructive backspace]
|
||
|
||
dial - To send out either tones or pulses that the phone company
|
||
needs to understand what number you are calling. Most modems
|
||
will dial automatically.
|
||
|
||
dial tone - The sound that is on the phone line when the phone is
|
||
picked up if it is ready to have an outgoing call made. Your
|
||
modem, if it can dial, should understand this tone.
|
||
|
||
digital - A system using discrete numbers to represent data. In
|
||
computer systems, these are the numbers 0 and 1 (for binary).
|
||
[see also analog]
|
||
|
||
DIP switch - DIP stands for Dual In-line Package. DIP switches
|
||
are a group of small switches placed together, usually on elec-
|
||
tronic equipment. Many modems have these. The switches can be
|
||
changed to alter various settings. For example, one DIP switch
|
||
on a modem may change the status of the DTR.
|
||
|
||
disconnect - To hang up the phone and cause the connection be-
|
||
tween you modem and another computer to be stopped. Most BBS
|
||
programs have a way of disconnecting a user who has called the
|
||
bulletin board.
|
||
|
||
down - A word meaning that a bulletin board that is not working,
|
||
so that you can not connect with it. This can mean that there
|
||
was a crash, or it could simply mean that the SysOp is playing a
|
||
game on his computer. Often a SysOp will leave a phone connected
|
||
to his BBS line off the hook so that you will get a busy signal.
|
||
|
||
door - A gateway that will allow a bulletin board to run a pro-
|
||
gram while a user is using the BBS. The user can use most pro-
|
||
grams that the computer can normally run. These programs can
|
||
range from games to business programs.
|
||
|
||
download - To receive a computer file from a bulletin board. It
|
||
is usually a computer program, but can also be text. [see also
|
||
upload]
|
||
|
||
driver - A program that will connect a program to a peripheral
|
||
device (usually a modem or a printer). The driver will allow
|
||
characters to be sent to or received from the device. Also, it
|
||
will allow control of certain functions (such as letting a pro-
|
||
gram hang up the phone with the modem)
|
||
|
||
DTR - Stands for Data Terminal Ready. DTR is a flag that, when
|
||
set, indicates that the modem will be using its built-in terminal
|
||
program. When running a BBS, this flag should be turned off
|
||
(either with a DIP switch or a command sent to the modem).
|
||
|
||
dumb modem - A modem that only sends and receives characters to
|
||
or from the phone line. [see also smart modem]
|
||
|
||
dumb terminal - A keyboard and monitor that receive and send
|
||
information either to or from another computer or a phone line.
|
||
It is up to the other computer to do anything else, such as word
|
||
wrap.
|
||
|
||
duplex - The capability of both sides of a connection to send
|
||
information. Full duplex is the same as duplex. When you are
|
||
talking on the telephone to someone you are using duplex (you can
|
||
both talk at the same time). [see also simplex, half duplex]
|
||
|
||
|
||
---E---
|
||
|
||
|
||
EBCDIC - Stands for Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange
|
||
Code. It is a ways of coding characters. It is similar to
|
||
ASCII, but it uses 8 bits instead of 7. [see also ASCII]
|
||
|
||
echo - [1] A character that is sent back from a BBS instead of
|
||
the one that is sent. For example, if you enter your password on
|
||
a BBS it will often say `dots will echo', meaning that it will
|
||
send a period for every character in your password (it is a
|
||
safety feature). [2] When a bulletin board or your terminal
|
||
program sends back the characters that you type. If the bulletin
|
||
board does not send back the characters, your terminal program
|
||
should print them to your screen as you type them.
|
||
|
||
edit - To change a message that you have created.
|
||
|
||
editor - The part of the BBS that allows you to enter a message
|
||
and edit it.
|
||
|
||
electronic mail - see E-mail
|
||
|
||
E-mail - (electronic mail) - Messages that are sent to individual
|
||
people. You choose who to send the message to and only that
|
||
person receives the message. (Some BBS programs allow you to
|
||
send bulk E-mail, which goes to more than one person, but the
|
||
concept is still the same.)
|
||
|
||
emulate - when a communications program imitates a certain brand
|
||
of terminal.
|
||
|
||
encryption - Coding data so that people who are not supposed to
|
||
see the data will not.
|
||
|
||
entry -
|
||
|
||
EOF - Stands for End Of File. It is the character CTRL-Z, which
|
||
marks the end of a text file.
|
||
|
||
error - When there is line noise and one or more characters are
|
||
changed. This is especially noticeable when downloading or up-
|
||
loading a program. In this case the error must be detected.
|
||
[see also line noise]
|
||
|
||
error free - When referring to data transmission, error free
|
||
refers to data that is transmitted perfectly. This is actually
|
||
an impossible situation, but it is possible to have data that is
|
||
very, very close to error-free.
|
||
|
||
ESC - see escape key
|
||
|
||
escape key -
|
||
|
||
even parity - When the last bit of every byte transmitted makes
|
||
it so that all the bits in that byte add up to be even. For
|
||
example, if you have the byte 0111101, the next digit would be 1,
|
||
creating 01111011, so that there are 6 ones (an even number).
|
||
[see also parity, odd parity, mark parity and space parity]
|
||
|
||
executive mode - When a user is connected to a bulletin board,
|
||
but the SysOp is controlling the bulletin board. The most common
|
||
use of an executive mode is when the SysOp validates users with-
|
||
out the user having to hang up.
|
||
|
||
exit - see logoff
|
||
|
||
external modem - A modem that is located outside of the computer.
|
||
It is hooked up to the computer with a cable, most commonly an
|
||
RS-232C cable. [see also internal modem]
|
||
|
||
|
||
---F---
|
||
|
||
|
||
FCC - Stands for Federal Communications Commission. This is the
|
||
government agency that is responsible for making sure that phone
|
||
lines are being used correctly and that radio interference is as
|
||
close to nonexistent as possible.
|
||
|
||
feedback - A message that is sent by a user to the SysOp of a
|
||
bulletin board. While it is meant to be a way for the user to
|
||
let the SysOp know of any complaints or compliments they may
|
||
have, it is more often a convenient way of sending E-mail to the
|
||
SysOp.
|
||
|
||
file - Any data that is stored by a computer in a form that is
|
||
accessible by disk. It can normally a program, text, or data for
|
||
a program.
|
||
|
||
filter - When a communications program or a BBS program take out
|
||
certain characters or words and don't accept them. For example,
|
||
a bulletin board program may filter out CTRL-G's so that the
|
||
SysOp does not hear the beeping. Also, some BBS programs have
|
||
the ability to take out obscene words from messages.
|
||
|
||
flag - A piece of information that is either TRUE or FALSE. It
|
||
is used in some bulletin board security systems to indicate
|
||
whether the user has access to certain parts of the bulletin
|
||
board. It is also used by modems for certain indicators such as
|
||
DTR.
|
||
|
||
flow control -
|
||
|
||
format - Information such as `8N1' that describes the way that
|
||
your computer and a bulletin board should be connected. The
|
||
first digit is normally 7 or 8, the number of data bits. The
|
||
second character is a letter describing the parity (N for None, M
|
||
for Mark, S for Space, O for Odd, and E for Even). The last
|
||
number is the number of stop bits. 8N1 is most often assumed.
|
||
|
||
forward - When pertaining to E-mail, it means to send E-mail that
|
||
you received to someone else.
|
||
|
||
framing bits - Bits that are used to separate characters. The
|
||
bits themselves are not used for information.
|
||
|
||
freeware - Computer programs that are copyrighted, but they may
|
||
be legally copied if there is no payment involved. They are
|
||
almost the same as public domain programs, but public domain
|
||
programs are not copyrighted and may be sold for payment. [see
|
||
also public domain, shareware, copyright]
|
||
|
||
full duplex - see duplex
|
||
|
||
|
||
---G---
|
||
|
||
|
||
general file - Any kind of text on a bulletin board that is not
|
||
specifically E-mail, a bulletin of any sort or a message. Usual-
|
||
ly they are long files for the user's information. Some examples
|
||
of general files are: a file containing more information on the
|
||
bulletin board program, a newspaper article about a controversial
|
||
issue, and an article that explains how to make your own disk
|
||
drive.
|
||
|
||
global scan - When a bulletin board goes through all the messages
|
||
on all boards to check for new messages that the user has not yet
|
||
read. This is very useful as it prevent you from having to go
|
||
through each board to check for new messages.
|
||
|
||
goodbye -
|
||
|
||
guest -When a user is just looking at a bulletin board and does
|
||
not want to receive an account there. The user usually has the
|
||
same privileges as a new user who has not yet been validated.
|
||
Quite a few bulletin board programs allow guests. This is a good
|
||
feature, since the SysOp does not have to validate users who will
|
||
not be calling the board more than once or twice.
|
||
|
||
|
||
---H---
|
||
|
||
|
||
hacker - [1] A programmer who likes to experiment with computers
|
||
(this is the type of person who will not read the documentation
|
||
to software). [2] A person who attempts to abuse the privileges
|
||
of computer BBS's and other services. His activities may range
|
||
from getting and exploring an account he is not supposed to have
|
||
on a mainframe computer to attempting to crash a bulletin board.
|
||
These people are unwanted by most BBS's.
|
||
|
||
half duplex - Same as simplex. It is a mode which allows only
|
||
one computer at a time to transmit information. When one comput-
|
||
er is finished, the other then can start to transmit.
|
||
|
||
hand-shaking - The process of establishing an electronic link
|
||
between two computers. Handshaking can let both computers know
|
||
the speed they will be using, as well as other information.
|
||
|
||
handle - see alias
|
||
|
||
hang - When a bulletin board all of a sudden starts to do noth-
|
||
ing. That is, it will not accept calls or let the SysOp type
|
||
anything until the computer is turned on again.
|
||
|
||
hang up - When someone closes a switch which stops a telephone
|
||
connection. This either happens when someone puts a telephone
|
||
receiver into its cradle or when the person instructs the comput-
|
||
er to hang up.
|
||
|
||
help file - Many BBS systems will include information of how to
|
||
run the system in case you are having troubles. Often just
|
||
pressing H at the main menu will show you the information, but
|
||
with some well-designed (there's a hint of sarcasm there in case
|
||
you didn't notice it) systems you have to find the help file
|
||
somewhere, sometimes amidst the files to be downloaded.
|
||
|
||
host - The computer that is being used to send and retrieve
|
||
information from other computers. Every BBS is a host, and so
|
||
are pay services.
|
||
|
||
host program - A computer program that allows your computer to
|
||
accept incoming calls. If you want to do anything more than
|
||
that, such as record information or print it out, you usually
|
||
have to do the programming yourself.
|
||
|
||
hyphen - The character -.
|
||
|
||
|
||
---I---
|
||
|
||
|
||
ID number - The unique number that a computer bulletin board may
|
||
assign you. If the BBS uses ID numbers, you need to remember
|
||
this number and your password in order to access the bulletin
|
||
board. Same as user number, account number.
|
||
|
||
idle time - When a computer is not being used. This refers to
|
||
either a computer running a BBS that is not busy, or a caller
|
||
that is not typing anything or receiving anything. Some BBS's
|
||
will hang up a user if there is a certain amount of idle time
|
||
(such as a minute).
|
||
|
||
incoming - Information that is being sent to the computer which
|
||
is being referred to. Therefore, incoming data it the data that
|
||
is being sent to your computer.
|
||
|
||
information -
|
||
|
||
information system -
|
||
|
||
initialize - To set up either hardware or software to work
|
||
correctly with your system. Many modems have to be initialized
|
||
each time they are used so they `know' what to expect. When your
|
||
software initializes your modem, it may tell the modem to expect
|
||
2400 baud and no parity, as well as the fact that you do not want
|
||
any information to echo on your screen.
|
||
|
||
internal modem - A modem that is `hidden' inside your computer.
|
||
Outside of your computer you will only see the phone cord. An
|
||
internal modem can either be on a peripheral card that is placed
|
||
inside your computer, or it can be built into your computer.
|
||
|
||
interrupt - An interrupt, as far as modems and computers are
|
||
concerned, is an electronic signal that tells the computer that
|
||
something important is happening. Most modems can be set up by
|
||
software to send an interrupt every time a character is received
|
||
by the computer. When operating at fast speeds, this makes sure
|
||
that the computer doesn't miss characters as it is printing them
|
||
on the screen or saving them to a disk.
|
||
|
||
|
||
---J---
|
||
|
||
|
||
jack - A small plastic box that your phone cord fits into on your
|
||
wall. This box converts the three wires that are inside the
|
||
phone cord into 3 separate wires that the phone company uses to
|
||
make your phone calls.
|
||
|
||
jump (to a different board) -
|
||
|
||
|
||
---K---
|
||
|
||
|
||
K - When K is placed after a number, it means 1024 times that
|
||
number. If you computer has 128K that means that it has a little
|
||
more than 128000 bytes of memory. Often telecommunications
|
||
software will tell you that you have a certain amount of free
|
||
memory to use as a buffer.
|
||
|
||
Kermit protocol -
|
||
|
||
keyboard macro -
|
||
|
||
kill - when referring to a message on a bulletin board, it means
|
||
deleting the message from the board. Usually you can only delete
|
||
the messages that you write (unless you are a SysOp).
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
This is the end of the file. If you have any comments,
|
||
suggestions, praise (if you REALLY liked it A LOT, you can always
|
||
send a dollar or two) or want to help define the rest of the list
|
||
(I have the words already, just no definition), just write to me:
|
||
|
||
R. Scott Perry
|
||
Box 2189
|
||
Fairfield University
|
||
Fairfield, CT 06430
|
||
|
||
I hope you enjoy and have use for this dictionary.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|