150 lines
4.5 KiB
Plaintext
150 lines
4.5 KiB
Plaintext
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_ _ _______
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|_||_|etal / /hop
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__________/ /
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/___________/
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(314)432-0756
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Proudly Presents
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The History of Telecommunications
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Taken from
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The MCI School of Telecommunications Management Reference Guide
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Typed and edited by Knight Lightning
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This file is to help clear up how the phone companies began and what has
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transpired to create our current fucked up phone system.
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Telephone History:
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- 2/14/1876 BELL AND GRAY FILE PATENTS 3 HOURS APART
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- 1877 FIRST PUBLIC USE - NEWS DISPATCH SENT TO BOSTON GLOBE
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FOUR YEARS LATER - 132,500 PHONES IN USE
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- 1878 FIRST COMMERCIAL SWITCHBOARD INSTALLED AT NEW HAVEN, CT.
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- 1878 WESTERN UNION PURCHASES GRAY'S PATENT - PATENT SUIT FILED BY BELL
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- 1879 BELL AND W.U. AGREE:
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1. BELL PURCHASES W.U. TELEPHONE EQUIPMENT
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2. BELL PAYS W.U. SMALL ROYALTY
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3. BELL AGRES NT TO ENTR TLGRAPH BUSINESS DURING LIFE OF DISPUTED PATENTS
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4. W.U. AGREES: TO STAY OUT OF TLPHNY FR SME PRIOD - TO DROP PATENT SUITS
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- ESTABLISHED MONOPOLY GROUNDWORK OF TODAY
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- 1881 BELL PURCHASES W.E. CO.
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- 1888 SUPRME COURT FINDS BELL'S PATENTS VALID-PATENT MONOPOLY UNTIL 1893
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- 1888 BELL DEVELOPS LUCRATIVE URBAN REGIONS
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- 1893 NEW COMPANIES STARTED IN SMALL COMMUNITIES AND RUAL AREAS, BELL
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DOES NOT ALLOW INTERCONNECTION
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- 1907 BELL CENTRALIZES R & D EFFORTS
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BELL LABS FORMALLY INCORPORATED IN 1925
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TRIES TO BUY STROMBERG-CARLSON
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- 1904-1919 MOST STATES REQUIRE INTERCONNECTION OF ALL PHONE COMPANIES
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34 STATES PASS LAWS REGULATING TELEPHONY
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- 1913 BELL CONTROLS 50% OF U.S. MARKET
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- KINGSBURY COMMITTEMENT - BELL AND JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AGREE:
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1. ALLOW INDEPENDENT PHONE COMPANIES TO INTERCONNECT
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2. NOT ACQUIRE OTHER INDEPENDENTS WITHOUT GOVERNMENT APPROVAL
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3. RELINQUISH CONTROL OVER W.U. (IN 1909, BELL HAD PURCHASED CONTROLLING
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STOCK IN W.U.)
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- 1921 AT&T FREED OF ACQUISITION RESTRAINTS WITH WILLIS-GRAHAM ACT
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- 1922 9000 PHONE COMPANIES IN EXISTANCE - TODAY 1500
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===============================================================================
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Regulatory:
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1876 BELL AND GRAY PATENTS
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1877 BELL OFFERS PATENT TO WESTERN UNION
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1878 FIRST COMMERCIAL SWITCHBOARD
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1879 AGREEMENT BETWEEN BELL AND WESTERN UNION
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1881 BELL PURCHASE WESTERN ELECTRIC
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1883 SUPREME COURT PATENT MONOPOLY
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1888 BELL DEVELOPS URBAN REGIONS
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1893 RURAL TELEPHONE COMPANIES
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1907 BELL R & D
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1904-19 - INTERCONNECTION OF RURAL AND URBAN REQUIRED
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- STATE REGULATORY COMMISSION
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- KINGSBURY AGREEMENT - ACQUISITION RESTRAINTS
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1921 WILLIS-GRAHAM ACT FREES BELL OF ACQUISITION RESTRAINTS
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1934 COMMUNICATIONS ACT OF 1934
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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (FCC) FORMED
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PRINCIPLES:
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1. Service must be just and resonable; must be profitable
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2. No cross-subsidization
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3. No dicrimination between groups of customers
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4. Public notic of rate change
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1968 CARTERFONE
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1969 MCI DECISION
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1971 SPECIALIZED CARRIER PROCEEDING - PRIVATE LINES
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1978 EXECUNET DECISION
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ENFIA AGREEMENT
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1978 1934 COMMUNICATIONS ACT REWRITE
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1956 CONSENT DECREE, BELL TO OFFER REGULAR COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
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ONLY
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1966 FCC COMPUTER INQUIRY I
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1971 FCC DISTINCTION BETWEEN DP AND MEASURED SWITCHING
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1976 FCC COMPUTER INQUIRY II
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1978 AT&T REORGANIZATION BUSINESS/RESIDENTIAL
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1982 DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CONSENT DECREE
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1986 ?
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===============================================================================
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Hey do you have all 5 volumes of my MCI Glossary? Well if you don't, call Metal
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Shop right now and get them, it has definitions for every MCI term there is,
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plus a full list of all MCI acronyms and what they stand for. YOU WON'T BE
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DISAPPOINTED!
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================================================================================
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Dedicated to The 2600 Club
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Thanx to Taran King
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