482 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
482 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
Chaos Corner v01n02 10Jul91
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Here we are, back again. Things seem to remain busy here in the Corner
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even with a birthday, a holiday, and a day at work with *no*
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interruptions.
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--------------------------------------------------
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File transfers
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This time we'll spend a little time trying to demystify some of the
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hocus-pocus and spells that surround transferring files. You should be
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warned, however, that this attempt cannot be entirely successful.
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Successfully transferring files *does* require magic, good karma, or
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*something* that always runs out just when the network daemons are
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closing in.
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Can *I* transfer files using FTP? Isn't that a Unix thing?
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If you have a userid on a Unix, VMS, or VM/CMS system, then just enter
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the ftp command to find out if it's available. FTP will prompt you for
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input and you can exit by entering "quit". If you have a PC with an
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ethernet card there are a number of commercial, shareware and free
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products that will get you started. NCSA (the national supercomputer
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center in Illinois) has PC (and Mac) software implementing ftp client
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(you can get/put files from/to other systems) and ftp server (other
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systems can get/put files on your workstation). For DOS/Windows users,
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Dr. Chaos likes the network version of WINQVT from QPC Software that
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implements ftp client and server, telnet client, and allows one to read
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Network News. Both of these programs support the use of the free
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Clarkson packet drivers to provide the interface to the ethernet card
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(the packet drivers are in "drivers.zip" at sun.soe.clarkson.edu in
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directory pub/packet-drivers). Unfortunately, neither of these programs
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support telnetting to the IBM mainframes in 3270 mode.
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On the Macintosh side, you need a network connection (ethernet or
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PhoneNet), MacTCP, HyperCard and then you can use a great HyperCard
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stack written by Doug Hornig in CIT's Information Resources division
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called HyperFTP.
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If you want to get files for your workstation but you don't have a
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network connection, an option is to transfer the files to your userid on
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a timesharing system (Unix, VMS, VM/CMS) and then use a serial
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communications program like Kermit, C19, or a number of others to send
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the file down (download) to your workstation (the timesharing systems
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are often on raised floors, so the data goes "down" to get to your
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workstation). Every time you transfer a file, an incantation has to be
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performed to get the computers at each end to cooperate -- by increasing
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the number of transfers you increase the likelihood that you will forget
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some of the spells, or get them in the wrong order and the whole thing
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won't work. Going through the whole procedure again to correct an error
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isn't too bad when the file transfers proceed at the 20-40 KB/sec rates
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you can often get from some sites on the Internet (if you aren't
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crossing an ocean), but transferring even a 200 KB file over a 2400 baud
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link will take longer than 20 minutes! The bottom line is, get a
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network connection if you possibly can!
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MailBag -- (Read! Dr. Chaos)
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--------------------------------------------------
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LPR LPD and archie
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Gerhard Rentschler at U. of Stuttgart asked if I knew of a place where
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they could get copies of the LPR command and the LPD daemon, since they
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are not included in UTS 2.1.1 (Amdahl's version of Unix). I didn't know
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where they were located, but Dr. Chaos came to the rescue by telneting
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to archie at quiche.cs.mcgill.ca and very quickly coming up with about
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10 different sites, on both sides of the Atlantic, that had the source
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for that BSD Unix software. By the way, a recent posting claimed that
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fully 40% of the TCP/IP traffic in and out of McGill University is
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"archie-related" -- archie is really a valuable service for finding
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software on the net, and McGill is starting to distribute the software
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and database in an attempt to improve the service and spread the load.
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--------------------------------------------------
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The Macintosh sit and hqx extensions explained
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Both Bob Blackmun at UNCCVM.BITNET and Rob Vaughn from the Cornell
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Materials Science Center sent mail to Dr. Chaos explaining the .sit and
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.hqx extensions on archived Macintosh files. The .hqx extension means
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that it has been processed by BinHex to turn the binary file into a
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printable ASCII file -- one that could be sent through e-mail. The .sit
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extension means that the original files were compressed into a library
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by the utility StuffIt!. Therefore, to make the file
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internettour.sit.hqx useable, you would first use BinHex to turn it back
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into binary, and then use StuffIt! to uncompress and restore the
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original file(s).
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--------------------------------------------------
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Question on emulating a vt100 on a 3270
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Bob Blackmun also asked if there was any software that would allow
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people using telnet from VM (in a 3270 session, for example) to emulate
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a VT100 terminal. As far as Dr. Chaos knows, there is no such software
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available, but maybe some of you might let him know of a solution.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Chaos Corner feedback
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Roger Garnett of Cornell Agricultural Economics suggests Dr. Chaos delve
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more into the networks at Cornell and carry items about what is
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available on local archives or BBS servers. Dr. Chaos would certainly
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be glad to pass along announcements or blurbs that he receives. (Why
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does it always seem harder to get information about where you are than
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anywhere else?)
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--------------------------------------------------
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FTP and potential problems under VM/CMS
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Steve Peterson from Penn State had a problem trying to FTP the
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internettour file from Pelican to a VM/CMS system -- he got a message
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about an invalid filemode HQ. The problem lies in the way CMS FTP
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command creates default CMS file names from Unix file names. CMS
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"tokenizes" the Unix name by: (1) making all the characters uppercase,
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(2) separating tokens at the point where a '.' appears, (3) truncating
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the first two tokens to 8 characters, if necessary, (4) mapping the 3rd
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token to the CMS filemode which is either one letter or one letter
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followed by a digit (usually 0, 1, or 2). In the case of the file
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"internettour.sit.hqx" CMS tries to create a file named "INTERNET SIT
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HQ" and fails because HQ is not a valid filemode. The solution is to
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specify on the "get" command what the local file name should be; that
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is:
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get internettour.sit.hqx tour.sithqx
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will result in the file being stored on the A-disk (the default) with
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the name "TOUR SITHQX".
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--------------------------------------------------
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Chaos Corner Feedback (Master's Degree?)
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Dr. Chaos notes that only newsletter recipients on the west coast (Dave
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Gomberg at UCSF and Ted Johnston at SLAC) seemed particularly concerned
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about his credentials and what his Master's Degree might be in. Maybe
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only keep their radios turned on. Considering the number of sentences
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that end in prepositions, the degree is NOT in English!
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--------------------------------------------------
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Request for faster network links
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Walter Wehinger, University of Stuttgart, would like to see the network
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bandwidth for the international links improved. He is concerned that
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his poor collector's soul will get mad because of the poor response time
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between Germany and the US. Dr. Chaos points out that according to his
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copy of the network map (from site nic.eu.net, directory ripe/maps), the
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thickest, widest black line goes from Cornell to CERN (site of a *very*
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high-energy particle collider) in Geneva, and there it stops. He
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suggests that CERN, at this point, must be the sink of all network
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information and that they must be encoding it into the particle beams
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and storing it in the accelerator (opposing views go in opposite
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directions), and that understanding the politics governing information
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flow across national boundaries in Europe is not even close to the area
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in which he received a Master's Degree.
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--------------------------------------------------
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GIF files and all that stuff
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Mark Sincock of CIT asks what a GIF file is. Dr Chaos immediately
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started babbling TLAs (three letter acronyms) and for quite some time it
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was not possible to make out more than RLE, BMP, TIF, PCX, and MSP.
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After several moments, I was able to gather that a large number of
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formats exist for files that are graphical images. The CompuServe
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Information Service developed one such graphical image format (gif) and
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it has proven to be quite popular -- if for no other reason there exists
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an incredibly large number of images stored on CompuServe available for
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downloading. Programs to view GIF files and convert them to other image
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formats exist on a large number of platforms. Dr. Chaos seems partial
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to WinGif on his DOS/Windows systems. Users of Macintosh systems have
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suggested Giffer and QuickGif as being good programs.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Unix Security (sic) and COPS
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Kim Kohler of CIT responded to the question in the last issue concerning
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COPS -- the set of programs and scripts to test the security of your
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Unix system. She recommends it for use by new Unix system
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administrators who aren't sure what to look for -- COPS provides a
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"quick and dirty" test of the system.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Chaos Corner archived online?
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Peter Siegel at the Cornell Theory Center asks if there will be an
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online archive of "Chaos Corner." Dr. Chaos was momentarily pleased at
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the suggestion but finally realized that "quality" was not the issue and
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who's-disk-space-it-would-occupy was. Watch for future announcements on
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the availability of back issues.
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That's it for the MailBag this time around. Remember to send questions
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and comments to rdc@cornella.cit.cornell.edu (Read! Dr. Chaos)
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What going on? (Random Dr. Chaos)
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--------------------------------------------------
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Unix Internalional (UI) and Atlas
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Unix International has announced plans to unveil in September their
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Atlas Distributed Computing Architecture. Claims are that it will be
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compliant with the rival OSF's Distributed Computing Environment and
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include extensions in the areas of object-oriented technology,
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distributed systems management, and distributed transaction processing.
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Development on Atlas is starting this summer and continues through 1993.
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With that schedule, it will be an interesting race between the OSF DCE
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and DME products vs. UI's Atlas. Dr. Chaos wonders if Atlas being DCE
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compliant means that UI will have to throw out Sun's RPC?
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--------------------------------------------------
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RAID disks announced for RS/6000
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RAID disk drives capable of transferring data at 18 MB/sec and available
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in capacities ranging from 10.8 GB to 43 GB have been announced for the
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IBM RS/6000 by Maximum Strategy. A transfer rate 4 times that of IBM's
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mainframe disk drives at a cheaper price per byte!
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--------------------------------------------------
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C version of ADABAS and Natural soon to be available
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Software AG has announced the first Unix implementations of ADABAS and
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Natural will be tested on HP 9000 machines this summer, and
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implementations for Sun, DEC, IBM, and SCO systems will be available by
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the end of this year. Although this version is written in the C
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language, it is supposed to be source code compatible with the mainframe
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versions of those products.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Apple and IBM deal in the making?
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Apple and IBM are rumored to be working on a deal allowing Apple to use
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RS/6000 chip sets in future computers. In addition, there is talk of
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cooperation on future object oriented operating systems (code name Pink)
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able to run both OS/2 and Macintosh applications. As evidence of a "new
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IBM" we see quotes such as:"They need to understand that they can
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survive in this industry without being a monopoly." This sentence being
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spoken by IBMer Lee Reiswig (aka Blue Ninja) about Microsoft. Is it
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time to sell Microsoft short?
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--------------------------------------------------
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Portable database front-ends
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Blyth Software Inc. will soon be shipping toolkits to give developers
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the ability to create database front-end programs that are portable
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between PCs (running DOS or DOS/Windows) and Macintoshes using the Data
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Access Language (DAL). Working under a license agreement with Apple,
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they will be producing OS/2 and Unix versions of the toolkits in the
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next year. This is good news because it means CIT can start
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investigating applications using Apple's DAL without the fear of being
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locked into a single vendor technology. (Has that stopped anyone
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before?)
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--------------------------------------------------
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Cursive writing you can read
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Many people have the perverse idea that digital devices ought to be able
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to simulate analog devices. As a result, computers often have programs
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written for them to display the face of an analog clock. The latest in
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this analog-on-digital line is a small PC program called SCRIPTO that
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reads text and outputs block cursive to the screen or redirected to a
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file. It's great for making up a signature file to append to all your
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mail files. (See the initials below for sample output). There is a
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separate file containing the font that you can easily customize if you
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want to "improve" the output. SCRIPTO.ZIP is available on Simtel20 in
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the pd1:<msdos.txtutl> directory, or at wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
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/mirrors/msdos/txtutl directory.
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.---. .-. /
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( / | ,_. / : /_ __ __ __
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/ | / : / / ) __) / ) (_
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/__,/ / :_ @ (__./ / (_ (__(_ (__/ ___)
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--------------------------------------------------
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International Text Editor (NOT)
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ALED153.ZIP described as "a small programmer's text editor" -- should be
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just the thing for all you small programmers out there. This program
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has stirred up an amazingly heated discussion on one of the Usenet news
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groups as being yet another example of a program that did not take into
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account the needs of people using languages other than American English.
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I haven't actually used this program, but it caught my eye because of
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the description and the long Usenet discussion. It is at wuarchive in
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/mirrors/msdos/editor.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Kaleidoscope program of PC
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DAZE41F.ZIP in the /mirrors/msdos/graphics directory is really a great
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kaleidoscope program for EGA or VGA displays. I was particularly
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impressed with the patterns this program was able to produce on an EGA.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Current Virus scanning software
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SCANV80.ZIP, CLEAN80.ZIP and VSHLD80B.ZIP in /mirrors/msdos/trojan-pro
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are current copies of McAfee Associates PC virus protection programs.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Windows utilities and update to version 3.0a
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Several interesting Windows 3 utilities are now available in the
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/mirrors/msdos/windows3 directory. ACHART12.ZIP displays a chart of all
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the characters (printable and control characters) in several character
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sets. WINHV11.ZIP is a hex file viewer that allows you to specify
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search strings. Last and definitely not least, Microsoft has finally
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reacted to all the complaints about Windows applications being unstable
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and the number of times users are seeing the infamous message
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"UNRECOVERABLE APPLICATION ERROR, Terminating current application." (At
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this point, if you are lucky, you can still gracefully exit your other
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applications and re-boot the machine. This message is known as the "UAE
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message.") The solution to these problems is to provide a program
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(DRWATSON.ZIP) that will trap the UAEs and display lots of cryptic
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diagnostic information. An application developer can send this
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information into Microsoft and their software engineers can figure out
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where the application is going astray (it couldn't be a Windows bug,
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could it?). In any case, if you do any development of Windows
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applications, this program is a must, and it's only about 2 years too
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late. If you are not an applications developer but are still bothered
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by UAE messages, the general consensus on the net was that you could use
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it as leverage to get Microsoft to send you a free upgrade to Windows
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3.0a ... where a lot of bugs are fixed. If you act quickly, the updates
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to bring Windows up to 3.0a are rumored to be at cica.cica.indiana.edu
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in the pub/pc/win3/misc directory. Look for win3a1.zip, win3a2.zip and
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win3a3.zip. You will need about 1.3 MB of disk space to transfer these
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files. Create a new directory, say C:\WININST; unzip the files into
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that directory (1.5 MB) in numerical order. (The third zip file will
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replace 4 files that were munged originally.) If you execute
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SUBST A: C:\WININST
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then run switch to the "new" A: drive and run SETUP. In less than a
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minute you will have an updated Windows 3.0a system.
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--------------------------------------------------
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New release of NCSA Telnet for PC available
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The /mirrors/msdos/ncsatelnet directory contains the just released
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version of NCSA's TELNET (2.3.01) for PCs ... update.tel is an ASCII
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file that describes the changes in this version, and info.tel is a
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description of NCSA Telnet and its utilities (FTP, etc.).
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--------------------------------------------------
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Plan 9 from Outer Space
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The original developers of the Unix operating system are still working
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for Bell Labs and still developing operating systems. The latest is
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called Plan-9 (after a science fiction movie called "Plan-9 from Outer
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Space"), and while not available outside of AT&T (the movie is
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available), some documentation is available as a PostScript file at
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ftp.cs.toronto.edu in /doc/plan-9.ps.Z (this is a Unix compressed
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PostScript file; there are decompression utilities for this format on a
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number of other platforms -- let Dr Chaos know if you need help).
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--------------------------------------------------
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Answers to Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Many of the Usenet news groups have periodic postings to remind new
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readers the purposes of the newsgroups, proper etiquette on the network,
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and answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs). Copies of these
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periodic postings are maintained at pit-manager.mit.edu in the
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/pub/usenet/<newsgroup> directories. These postings, particularly the
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FAQs, provide valuable information and work-arounds for problems
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commonly encountered in any number of areas. The newsgroup
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"comp.mail.misc" maintains an Inter-Network Mail Guide;
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"comp.binaries.ibm.pc" maintains a Beginner's Guide to Binaries and a
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Beginner's Guide to FTP; and newsgroups "rec.sport.basketball" and
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"rec.sport.football" contain the weekly results of the sportswriters'
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poll during the course of the sport's season. Jonathan Kamens of MIT's
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Project Athena maintains this archive on a volunteer basis.
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At the site sh.cs.edu in the nsfnet directory, you can find two files
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that may be useful: "questions-and-answers-beginners" and "questions-
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and-answers-advanced." These files provide background information on
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NSFNet in addition to telling how to access nic.ddn.mil and query the
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"whois" database to find out if a site has a computer on the Internet.
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--------------------------------------------------
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CD-ROM from 1991 Sun User's Group meeting
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The Sun Users Group has announced their 1991 SUG CD-ROM. The CD-ROM
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contains over 300 MB of source code, software archives, compiled Sun 4
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binaries and nearly 200 MB of Sun Microsystems' software patches.
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Prices vary from $260 to $330 depending on whether you are a SUG member
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and if your location is domestic or international. The contents appear
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to be quite impressive and Dr Chaos has an electronic copy of the order
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form if you are interested.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Radio Shack CD-ROM drive (continued)
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In the last issue we reported that Radio Shack was selling a CD-ROM unit
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and expansion card for PCs at $399. The local dealer did call back and
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let Dr Chaos know that the drives were available 5-6 days after you
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place an order. We blindly (blush) reported the information from Byte
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that the drives were a little slow on access time but transferred data
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at a rapid 150 KB/sec -- we didn't realize at the time that *all* CD-ROM
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drives transfer data at 150 KB/sec. There is a very nice summary of CD-
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ROM technology written in 1988 by Andy Poggio of Apple Computer that Dr
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Chaos has enjoyed. "If you are buying a CD-ROM drive, ... two factors
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NOT to consider are capacity and data rate. The capacity of all CR-ROM
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drives is determined solely by the CD they are reading. ... All CD-ROM
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drives read data at a net 150 Kbytes/sec for CD-ROM data." This summary
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is in the archives for the CDROM-L mailing list on BITNET, maintained by
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the LISTSERV at UCCVMA. Let Dr. Chaos know if you need more info.
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--------------------------------------------------
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Unix Windows on DOS (multiple Unix sessions on one line)
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The fascinating program award this time goes to some software called
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Unix Windows. While running from a single DOS PC over a single
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communications port, Unix Windows allows you to have up to seven shells
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running at once. The protocol requires you to have a server running on
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the remote Unix machine to manage the switching between windows, etc.
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The author promises to have a new version out Real Soon Now that
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includes many more features (like X/Zmodem file transfer), and he speaks
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in glowing terms of a future version written to run under Windows 3.
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For now, you can get the programs from wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
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/mirrors/msdos/modem directory under the name UWPC105.ZIP.
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--------------------------------------------------
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More AIX software archived software
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On the RS/6000 AIX 3.1 front, byron.u.washington.edu has collected
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programs that have been ported to AIX 3.1. Dr. Chaos poked around at
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the site and found things like kermit, emacs, and xntp among other
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things. If you have an IBM RS/6000, it might be a good place to keep an
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eye on (or a good place to contribute to if you have already ported some
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software).
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--------------------------------------------------
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GIF weather map updated hourly
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For those of you more interested in looking at a tube than out the
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window, how do you get a picture of what the weather is like? The
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answer is that at site vmd.cso.uiuc.edu in directory phil.515 there is a
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GIF image of a national weather map containing station reports,
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isobars, the radar summary, any current severe weather watch boxes, and
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the latest position plot of warm and cold fronts. At approximately 15
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minutes past the hour you can retrieve the just-updated file wxmap.gif
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and see what's going on across the nation (even better than looking out
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the window, right?).
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--------------------------------------------------
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Mac utilities for viewing GIF image files
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If you would like to be able to view GIF files and you are most
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comfortable with the Macintosh environment, the most popular utilities
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seem to be Giffer and QuickGif. Dr. Chaos hasn't used either program
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but has just sent copies to his delta-tester. If the tester promises to
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report back, he will be told where he can access "cowgirl.gif" (*only*
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|
as an experiment to test the features of the programs). The programs
|
|
came from (where else) wuarchive.wustl.edu in the /mirrors/info-
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|
mac/art/gif directory and the files are named giffer-110b1.hqx and
|
|
quick-gif.hqx, respectively. Dr. Chaos is having trouble with this
|
|
delta-tester since BinHex seems to consistently give a checksum error
|
|
for files this guy downloads from VM/CMS (even though binary transfers
|
|
have been done in all cases). Righteous Dr.Chaos is *confident* the
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|
*HE* is not doing anything incorrectly -- does anyone have suggestions
|
|
for the tester?
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--------------------------------------------------
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GIF, fractals, balls
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While cruising the network, Dr. Chaos noted in the download statistics
|
|
from garbo (a well known archive site in Finland) that the file
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|
balls2.gif was being downloaded very frequently. Quickly checking
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|
wuarchive in the /graphics/gif/b (the GIF files are stored in the
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|
directory corresponding to their first letter) directory, he transferred
|
|
the rather large file (over 500KB) to pelican (a RS/6000). Using the
|
|
motifgif program to display the file, he discovered that balls2.gif is a
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|
beautiful picture that appears to be the Mandelbrot set in 3-D, where
|
|
the surfaces are silvered balls that show the reflections of the other
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|
balls. His immediate reaction was to transfer it to puffin (a PS/2-80
|
|
running DOS/Windows), use the WinGif program to convert the GIF file to
|
|
a BMP-format file the same size as the screen (768x1024 pixels), and
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|
then load it as wallpaper (the Windows background). It is really great!
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That's all for now. If you would like to receive electronic copies of
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Chaos Corner or have comments/questions/objections, send them to:
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rdc@cornella.cit.cornell.edu
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.---. .-. /
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( / | ,_. / : /_ __ __ __
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/ | / : / / ) __) / ) (_
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/__,/ / :_ @ (__./ / (_ (__(_ (__/ ___) (I have a Master's degree)
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