268 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
268 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
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From: an26424@anon.penet.fi (Badsector)
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Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1993 15:20:21 GMT
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
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Subject: Methcathinone Info
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Methcathinone ("Cat") / Ephedrone ("Jeff").
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===========================================
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Initially reported as a street drug in the former USSR as ephedrone
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[1]. Reports of the use of "Jeff" leading to "numerous" overdose deaths
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were, it seems, covered up by the former Russian authorities. It has been
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banned in the USA after several labs were seized in Michigan. It was sold
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as "Cat", presumably named after the African shrub Khat (catha
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edulis), which contains cathinone [2]. Methcathinone is related to
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cathinone as methamphetamine is related to amphetamine, i.e. by
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N-methyl substitution.
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Reliable reports of effects in humans are not known to me. A recent short
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letter [4] in the Journal of the American Medical Association seems to me to
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simply to repeat assertions made in the American popular press. In the letter,
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it is said that users describe "Cat" as better than cocaine and meth.
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"Typical" doses are described as 0.5-1g and the effects described as lasting
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six days.
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This seems to me to be unlikely. What has been reported may well be
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equivalent to high dose, methamphetamine abuse on the "speed freak" pattern
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and is probably *not* typical.
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Animal studies [2] suggest methcathinone has ED50 of 1.9uM/kg
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(0.39mg/kg) , when compared to cocaine's 7.6uM/kg (2.6 mg/kg). This would
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make it *more* potent than cocaine by six times in the rat and
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suggests the human figure of ten times cocaine potency in the human reported
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on USENET as been given on Belgium television is not unrealistic. Indeed, this
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would put it in the same range as methamphetamine, which it may well closely
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resemble.
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Personal communication suggests it may well be simply equivalent to
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methamphetamine. The bottom line may well be that most CNS stimulants
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are the same, whether they be cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamine,
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4-methylaminorex or methcathinone. Differing the route of administration is
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likely to have more effect. Smoking or injecting such drugs leads to rapid
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build-up of the drug in the blood stream and an intense "rush". This route
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is more dangerous from a toxicologic point of view and likely to lead to
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compulsive use. Occasional oral use in social situations is likely
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to be the least harmful. Some people may find CNS stimulants psychologically
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addictive.
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Synthesis [1]
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A 2000-mL Erlenmeyer flask, equipped with a magnetic stirring bar, was
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charged with methylene chloride (200 mL), acetic acid (10 mL) water (100 mL),
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potassium permanganate (2g) and ephedrine hydrochloride (2g). The solution was
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stirred at room temperature for 30 min. This was followed by the
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addition of sufficient sodium hydrogen sulfite to reduce the
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precipitated manganese dioxide. The aqueous phase was made basic
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with 5N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the methylene chloride was
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separated. The organic layer was extracted with 0.5N sulfuric acid
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(H2SO4). Isolation of the acid layer followed by basification with
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sodium bicarbonate and extraction with methylene chloride (50 mL,
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three times), removed the product into the organic phase. The solvent
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was concentrated by rotary evaporation, followed by column
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chromatography through neutral alumina with methylene chloride.
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Solvent removal through rotary evaporation produced a colorless
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liquid which was disolved in hexane. Gaseous hydrochloric acid was
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bubbled into the hexane to precipitate the amine hydrochloride to
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produce a 1-g (50%) yield of 2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one
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hydrochloride.
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Ephedrone, like methamphetamine, processes one asymmetric center.
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Depending upon the synthetic precursor, l-ephedrine (1R,2S) or
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d-pseudoephedrine (1S,2R), the product expected would be d-ephedrone
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(2S) or l-ephedrone (2R), respectively. However, depending on the
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heat of the reaction or harsh extraction conditions the enolizable
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ketone will result in a racemic d,l-ephedrone.
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Synthesis [3]
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A solution composed of 0.99g of sodium dichromate and 133g of
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concentrated sulfuric acid dissolved in 4.46 cc of water is added
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slowly with stirring to 1.65g of l-ephedrine dissolved in 4.7 cc of
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water and 0.55 cc of concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.
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The mixture is stirred at room temperature for an additional 4 to 6
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hours and then made alkaline with sodium hydroxide soloution. the
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aqueous mixture is extracted with two volumes of chloroform and then
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with two volumes of ether. The organic extracts containing the free
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base of 1-a-methylaminoprophenone are combined, treated with an
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excess of dry hydrogen chloride and the solvents evaporated. The
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residual 1-a-methylaminopropiophenone hydrochloride is stirred with
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petroleum ether, collected and purified by dissolving in ethanol and
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reprecipitating with ether. m.p. 182-184 o C.
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(1) Zingel, K.Y., Dovensky, W., Crossman, A. and Allen, A.,
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"Ephedrone: 2-Methylamino-1-Phenylpropane-1-One (Jeff)," Journal of
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Forensic Sciences, v. 36, No.3, May 1991, pp.915-920
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(2) Young, R. and R.A. Glennon. "Cocaine-Stimulus Generalization to
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Two New Designer Drugs: Methcathinone and 4-Methylaminorex"
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Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 45(1) 229-231, 1993
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(3) Glennon, R.A., Yousif, M., Kalix, P. "Methcathinone: A new and
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potent amphetamine-like agent." Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.
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26:547-5451, 1987.
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(3) British Patent, 768,772 (1954).
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(4) Goldstone, M.S., "Cat - Methcathinone - A New Drug of Abuse" Journal
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of the American Medical Association v269 no 19 p2508 (letter) 1993
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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To find out more about the anon service, send mail to help@anon.penet.fi.
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Due to the double-blind, any mail replies to this message will be anonymized,
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and an anonymous id will be allocated automatically. You have been warned.
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Please report any problems, inappropriate use etc. to admin@anon.penet.fi.
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>Of course, I guess the college guy figured out that everything needed was
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>right under the counter. Now what's the government going to do? Outlaw
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>batteries and drain cleaners? I wouldn't put it past them.
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i really doubt it.
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--
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Lamont Granquist drugz: ftp.u.washington.edu:/pub/user-supported/alt.drugs
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lamontg@cs.washington.edu personal: !finger lamontg@cs.washington.edu | more
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"Conservative: n. One who admires radicals centuries after they're dead."
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=============================================================================
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From: cooper@hacktic.nl (cooper)
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Newsgroups: alt.drugs
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Subject: Re: Ephedrine Derivatives
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Date: 10 Oct 1993 14:12:39 +0100
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Message-ID: <2991olINNo8m@xs4all.hacktic.nl>
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dyer@spdcc.com (Steve Dyer) writes:
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>In article <1993Oct9.200043.25880@news.yale.edu> potter@minerva.cis.yale.edu (Philip G. Potter) wries:
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> >It is supposedly easy to make, using Ephedrine Hydrochloride (over the
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> >counter stimulant) and other household chemicals. Do anyone have any
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> >information on this.
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>You've got to be kidding. You'd need a chemistry lab.
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Well, a chemistry lab and some knowledge _might_ help, but hey, if you wanna
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give it a shot, Here's howto: (well, at the end of this post, that is!
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Oh this is the end huh?? Ok, here goes:
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I've never tried this synthesis, and I can't be sure baout anything. However,
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if your kitchen does not explode, and you have a good time anyway, lemme know.
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Methcathinone
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Preparing the ephedrine/pseudoephedrine solution:
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Method A:
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Add enough water to completely dissolve pure ephedrine or
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pseudoephedrine.
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Method B:
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Wash sudaphed tablets in cold water until most (it's impossible
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to get all of it) of the red coating is gone. Put the tablets
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in hot water, heat them to boiling, and stir until the tablets
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have completely dissolved. Filter off the liquid.
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The amount of water the (pseudo-)ephedrine [I'll call it
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ephedrine from now on for simplicity] is dissolved in is not too
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important - it should be as little as possible, but at least as
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much as the amount of sulfuric acid that is added later (to
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insure to that the potassium dichromate dissolves).
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To this aqueous mixture add 0.62 grams of potassium dichromate
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for every gram of ephedrine in the solution. If you used
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sudaphed tablets, figure by the theoretical amount in
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solution (number of tablets X content of each tablet). Slowly
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add 3ml Sulfuric for each gram ephedrine, stirring as you add
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it.
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Let react for 30-60 minutes. The color should go from a bright
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red/orange to a dark color (a mixture of green and orange from
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the two ionization states of the chromium).
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Basify the solution with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution
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until you see the solution become a bright green (green with a
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white precipitate - the methcathinone). This happens above pH
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8. Try not to add too much hydroxide (if you do the solution
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becomes black and there is probably some decomposition of the
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methcathinone).
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Extract 3-4 times with naptha (add the naptha, shake it up,
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pour off as much naptha as you can - but DON'T get ANY reaction
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mixture in the extracts!). Use as much naptha as would equal
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about 50-100 percent of the reaction mixture.
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Quickly add the extracts to 25ml of hydrochloric acid, diluted
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1 part 36% HCl to 4-5 parts water. Shake the mixture, extract
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off the aqueous (lower) portion. This is an acid solution of
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the methcathinone. [you may want to extract a second time with
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HCl to get a slightly higher yield, a 3rd time adds nothing.]
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Evaporate the mixture under low to medium heat (preferably
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under a vacuum) until it becomes thick. Add acetone and stir
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it a little. if the mixture doesn't become white (crystalline)
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right away, it hasn't been evaporated enough. Continue
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evaporating and adding acetone until it does. Be careful not
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to burn the thick mixture (adding acetone helps keep the
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temperature down).
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After getting crystals/precipitate, cover the mixture tightly
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and put in a freezer for 15 minutes. Remove from the freezer,
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filter the crystals off and wash with a small amount of cold
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acetone.
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[If the crystals are less than white, you may want to purify
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them by boiling and stirring them in acetone again, cooling
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the mixture and refiltering as described above.]
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The white crystals/powder is methcathinone HCL. I wouldn't
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take more than 20mg for a first dose, and I wouldn't take it if
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I had a history of heart disease or stroke in the family, or if
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I had high blood pressure. Really, really habit forming. Very,
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very pleasurable. BE CAREFUL. Don't introduce this stuff to
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kids or sell it or I will personally hunt you down.
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NOTES:
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This synthesis is very forgiving. Substitutions of potassium
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hydroxide for sodium hydroxide, sodium dichromate for potassium
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dichromate and similar subsitution will not have an impact. I
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wouldn't substitute anything for the sulfuric acid, however.
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HCl is used to make the drug salt because it is so easy to
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evaporate the excess off. Any method of making drug salts you
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are familiar with should be satisfactory.
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Ether works a little better than naptha, but it's more
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dangerous. I stay away from it.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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--Cooper
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-------------
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X-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-X
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Another file downloaded from: The NIRVANAnet(tm) Seven
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& the Temple of the Screaming Electron Taipan Enigma 510/935-5845
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Burn This Flag Zardoz 408/363-9766
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realitycheck Poindexter Fortran 510/527-1662
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Lies Unlimited Mick Freen 801/278-2699
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The New Dork Sublime Biffnix 415/864-DORK
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The Shrine Rif Raf 206/794-6674
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Planet Mirth Simon Jester 510/786-6560
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"Raw Data for Raw Nerves"
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