331 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
331 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(word processor parameters LM=8, RM=75, TM=2, BM=2)
|
|
Taken from KeelyNet BBS (214) 324-3501
|
|
Sponsored by Vangard Sciences
|
|
PO BOX 1031
|
|
Mesquite, TX 75150
|
|
|
|
There are ABSOLUTELY NO RESTRICTIONS
|
|
on duplicating, publishing or distributing the
|
|
files on KeelyNet!
|
|
|
|
December 7, 1990
|
|
|
|
DPALMA3.ASC
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
TEXT FILE NOTES:
|
|
|
|
The following paper by Dr. Bruce DePalma was issued with no
|
|
copyright as a gift to the world. There are no USA patents on the
|
|
described technology. The source for this was "The DePalma Research
|
|
Papers" which was printed by For The People, P.O. 15999, Tampa, FL
|
|
33684. The figures mentioned could not be reproduced in this text
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
If anyone is interested in other DePalma papers, send email to:
|
|
|
|
Mark
|
|
The Outer Limits BBS
|
|
300-2400 baud
|
|
(304) 327-7452
|
|
Monday-Friday
|
|
8:00am - 7:00pm
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
DePalma Institute,
|
|
Bruce E. DePalma,
|
|
1055 Channel Drive,
|
|
Santa Barbara, California 93108
|
|
released February 2, 1984
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Report #25 The Secret of the Faraday Disc
|
|
|
|
In December of 1831, over 152 years ago, it was Michael Faraday who
|
|
first interposed a copper disc which could be rotated between the
|
|
poles of a magnet with the field lines perpendicular to the rotating
|
|
disc.
|
|
|
|
Faraday discovered a voltage which could be generated between the
|
|
center and the outer edge of the rotating conducting disc. This
|
|
voltage which was the output of the then to become known Faraday
|
|
Homopolar Disc generator is extracted by sliding contacts or brushs,
|
|
one on the axle and the other on the outer periphery of the rotated
|
|
conducting disc. Figure (1).
|
|
|
|
The Faraday disc generator was developed in the late 1890s and the
|
|
early part of this century to be a high power, low voltage d.c.
|
|
|
|
Page 1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
machine suitable for industrial applications. The behavior of the
|
|
machine thus constructed was totally in line with the behavior of
|
|
other electrical machinery in the sense the generation of power by
|
|
the machine was accompanied always by a commensurate drag to insure
|
|
the idea of a conversion from mechanical to electrical energy was
|
|
supported.
|
|
|
|
Implicit in this was the unstated support of the religious belief
|
|
that no work could be obtained without the expenditure of an
|
|
'equivalent' amount of mechanical energy.
|
|
|
|
Of course there are other religious beliefs which say that energy is
|
|
an inexhaustable resource, but until the invention of a practical
|
|
free-energy machine this point stays moot.
|
|
|
|
A long history of the development of electrical machinery starting
|
|
with the Faraday disc of figure one lead me to construct the combin-
|
|
ation, figure (2).
|
|
|
|
Here, instead of the magnetic flux path being closed in a yoke
|
|
around the disc, the magnetic flux path is closed symmetrically
|
|
through the disc with the flux linkages traveling N-3 through the
|
|
radially symmetrical central portion of the path through the center
|
|
of the disc; while the return path travels 3-N symmetrically through
|
|
the outer periphery of the disc.
|
|
|
|
A plot of the voltage profile in the disc, figure (3), shows a curve
|
|
typical of currently encountered flux densities and rotational
|
|
speeds.
|
|
|
|
The voltages are nominal values measured with one sliding contact on
|
|
the axle and the other exploring the voltage profile on the surface
|
|
of the rotating conducting disc. Several things are apparent. The
|
|
voltage present at any radius of the rotating disc depends only on
|
|
the flux density and tangential velocity of the disc at that point.
|
|
|
|
Thus it is clear from this that the voltage obtainable from a
|
|
sliding contact at the edge of the rotating disc with respect of the
|
|
central axis is not the sum of the voltages appearing in the disc.
|
|
|
|
We can conceive electricity as a source-sink phenomenon. That is,
|
|
electrons can appear at a negative pole and be absorbed at the
|
|
positive pole.
|
|
|
|
In terms of the operation of the Faraday disc with the magnetic
|
|
field closed through the disc, this means the current flow with a
|
|
load interposed between brushs placed on the outer edge and central
|
|
axis of the disc, will be as shown by the arrows on figure (3).
|
|
|
|
When the flux path is closed through the disc, the electrical pole
|
|
normally residing on the axis or center of the disc is displaced
|
|
radially.
|
|
|
|
The radial displacement of the positive pole to the radius r1 means
|
|
that with the indicated current flow the inner portion of the
|
|
machine may be made to motor against the drag created by the
|
|
extraction of electricity from the edge of the machine vs the
|
|
center.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The torque (or drag) created by the motoring action of a Faraday
|
|
disc is proportional to the total flux linkages passing through the
|
|
area of the disc illuminated by the magnetic field.
|
|
|
|
In the example shown the central area is (Pi x r1 ^2), and the area
|
|
of the peripheral annular ring is (Pi x ((r3 ^2) - (r2 ^2))).
|
|
|
|
With a machine operated at magnetic saturation it is easy to see
|
|
that with the above areas made equal drag from the machine will
|
|
disappear.
|
|
|
|
The Faraday disc uses inertial (centrifugal) and magnetic forces to
|
|
elicit the pattern of electrical potential on the rotating disc.
|
|
|
|
The production of electrical energy from a Faraday disc with the
|
|
flux path closed through the disc, an N machine, without drag is
|
|
just a violation of a completely unsubstantiated supposition that
|
|
mechanical work input to the machine must be provided when
|
|
electrical power is withdrawn.
|
|
|
|
On the practical side the operation of the machine is unaffected
|
|
whether the magnets are rotated with disc or not and the machine may
|
|
be made self exciting by cutting a spiral into the portion of the
|
|
disc covering the central pole face.
|
|
|
|
Rotation of the magnets and disc together facilitates the seriesing
|
|
of machines to provide higher output voltages while retaining input
|
|
and output poles on the axles of the machine.
|
|
|
|
The secret of the Faraday disc thus simply becomes:
|
|
|
|
the Faraday disc is a free-energy machine.
|
|
|
|
The anti-torques experienced in the early use of the machine
|
|
supported a work-ethic paradigm which was not questioned.
|
|
|
|
When the magnetic flux path is closed symmetrically through the disc
|
|
instead of around the disc as in the early machines the drag
|
|
associated with the flow of current disappears.
|
|
|
|
An interesting thought is the drag is really an anti-torque created
|
|
by something which passes through the disc and motors it in the
|
|
opposite direction to the direction which would be created when it
|
|
was electron current which was flowing through the disc.
|
|
|
|
An interpretation consistant with the Lenz Law interpretation of the
|
|
drag against a current carrying wire moving with linear velocity
|
|
perpendicular to lines of magnetic flux linkage can be developed out
|
|
of this.
|
|
|
|
It may well be that when electrons are liberated from the edge of a
|
|
Faraday disc with the circuit completed to the center; what flows
|
|
through the disc may not be electrons.
|
|
|
|
It may well be that a hole current completes the path through the
|
|
disc. When current carrying conductors are moving through magnetic
|
|
fields it may well be that electrons are not flowing through those
|
|
portions of the moving conductors in which electricity is being
|
|
'generated'.
|
|
|
|
Page 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consideration will show that electron flow through a wire moving
|
|
perpendicular to a magnetic field should assist the motion of the
|
|
wire.
|
|
|
|
The centrifugal extraction of energy from the inertial field of
|
|
space was first demonstrated by Faraday in 1831.
|
|
|
|
The proper interpretation of the experiment as a free energy machine
|
|
has taken some time since the other possibility, of closing the flux
|
|
path through the disc has never been thought of.
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
Vangard notes...
|
|
|
|
The diagram below is to clarify the arrangement of the coil, copper
|
|
disc and paper insulator.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
String --------> |
|
|
____|____
|
|
| : |
|
|
Suspended | : |
|
|
Cylinder ---> | : |
|
|
Magnet | : <----------Magnetic AXIS
|
|
| : |
|
|
| : |
|
|
| : |
|
|
|____:____|
|
|
Paper Insulator -----> ======:======
|
|
Copper Disc ----> ******:******<-------| (edge)
|
|
/|\ |
|
|
* * * * * * * * | ____|____
|
|
Copper Disc glued to (axis)| | |
|
|
paper insulator glued to |_________| |
|
|
end of magnet pole | Volt |
|
|
* * * * * * * * | Meter |
|
|
|_________|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
The following description from Faraday's notes is a bit imprecise,
|
|
it seems that the term screw indicates CW and unscrew indicates CCW.
|
|
|
|
If this is the correct translation then this is simply a change in
|
|
direction of the induced current.
|
|
|
|
This comes about when both the copper disc and magnet are rotated
|
|
together.
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
In Faraday's own words (somewhat annotated) :
|
|
|
|
When the magnet and disc (are rotated) together, (by)
|
|
unscrew(ing or adjusting the ammeter) the marked end of the
|
|
needle went west.
|
|
|
|
When the magnet and disc (are) rotated (by) screw(ing or
|
|
adjusting the ammeter) the marked end of the needle went east.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
If you have comments or other information relating to such topics
|
|
as this paper covers, please upload to KeelyNet or send to the
|
|
Vangard Sciences address as listed on the first page.
|
|
Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.
|
|
|
|
Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson
|
|
Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
If we can be of service, you may contact
|
|
Jerry at (214) 324-8741 or Ron at (214) 242-9346
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 5
|
|
|
|
|