515 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
515 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
Loading/Running P.L.Editor
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If you own an Apple II Plus system that
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does not have an Integer BASIC Firmware
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card, the Program Line Editor will not
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be run when the supplied disk is booted.
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This is because the Greeting program is
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an Integer BASIC program. So, the follo
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wing steps must be taken in order to all
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ow the Program Line Editor disk to boot
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properly in Applesoft.
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1. Remove the Write Protect tabs
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from the edge of the included disk.
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2. Insert and boot the disk.
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3. UNLOCK PROGRAM LINE EDITOR
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4. UNLOCK PLE.FP
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5. RENAME PROGRAM LINE EDITOR,
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PLE.INT
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6. RENAME PLE.FP.PROGRAM LINE
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EDITOR
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7. LOCK PROGRAM LINE EDITOR
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8. LOCK PLE.INT
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9. Replace the Write Protect tab.
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10. Reboot the disk
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After this is done,just boot the disk n
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ormally. Soon, a disk catalog will appea
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r,letting you know the PLE is up and run
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ning.
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When the PLE has been run,you shouldn't
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notice anything unusual about the opera
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tion of your Apple. In,fact, everything
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IS the same, except for all of the new c
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ommands and features described in the fo
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llowing pages.
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NOTE: When the PLE is up and running, D
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OS will set HI-MEM:1536 bytes lower than
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normal for your system.
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PAGE 1
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There are two new commands added to BAS
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IC that allow you to edit either a progr
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am line or the last line of characters t
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yped at the keyboard. These are CTRL-E (
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EDIT) and CTRL-W
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ENTERING EDIT MODE:
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CTRL-E AND CTRL-W
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This is the command used when you want
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to edit a line in your program. To type
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Ctrl-E, just press the CTRL key and hold
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it down while you hit the E key.After t
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he word "EDIT" appears, type the line nu
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mber of the line you want to edit. The l
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ine will appear,with the cursor at the b
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eginning of the first statement in the l
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ine. The Line Editor remembers the numbe
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r of the last line edited, so, if you wa
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nt to edit the same line again later, si
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mply type Ctrl-E and a period (.). This
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will cause the last - edited line to rea
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ppear.
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Here are a few things to watch for when
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using Crtl-E to enter Edit mode:
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1. Ctrl-E must be the first character t
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yped on a line.
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2. Don't try to edit line 0 of an Apple
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soft program.
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3. Ctrl-E is disabled during INPUTs and
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Monitor.
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4. Backspacing into the word EDIT befor
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e typing the line number may disable Ctr
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l-R (RESTART) in Edit mode.
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5. If you inadvertently type the ESCape
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key before typing Ctrl-E, two warning b
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ells will sound and you will not enter E
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dit mode. If a line number is typed afte
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r the warning bell, hitting Return may d
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elete the line.
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6. If a line is longer than the maximum
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BASIC line length (128 for Integer BASI
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C, 239 for Applesoft), it will be auto-P
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ACKed, removing all extraneous spaces fr
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om the line.
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CTRL-W
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This is the command to use when you hav
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e typed a line in Integer BASIC and rece
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ived a ***SYNTAX ERROR message. Just typ
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e Ctrl-W and the line will instantly rea
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ppear. Ctrl-W works during INPUTs, and i
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t will recover and re-execute immediate
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commands. This command can also be used
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to recover lines canceled with Ctrl-X.
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Ctrl-W actually works two ways, dependi
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ng on when it is typed. If it is typed a
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s the first character on a line, it will
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cause the last line typed from the keyb
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oard to reappear. If it is typed while e
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ntering a line, ctrl-W retypes the line
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and enters Edit mode.
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Here are some things to be careful of w
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hen using Ctrl-W:
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1. Ctrl-W does NOT work when entered as
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the first character of an Applesoft lin
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e.
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2. Very long lines may be auto-PACKed,
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removing all extraneous spaces.
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EDIT MODE:CONTROL COMMANDS
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All of the following commands are avail
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able only after entering Edit mode as de
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scribed. Control characters in the edite
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d line are displayed in inverse video du
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ring Edit mode. A warning bell will soun
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d if your line has reached the maximum B
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ASIC line length (128 for Integer BASIC,
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239 lines for Applesoft).
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Notice the first character of each comm
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and's name is the same as (or sounds lik
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e) the command itself. This is an easy w
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ay to remember these commands.
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EDIT MODE COMMANDS
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Ctrl-I INSERT -This command allows you
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to insert character into the line. Non-c
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ontrol characters typed after a Ctrl-I w
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ill be inserted in front of the cursor,
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and the rest of the line will spread to
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make room. All following characters type
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d will be inserted until a control chara
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cter is typed (such as <-,->, or another
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Edit mode command). To insert control c
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haracters, see OVERRIDE.
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Ctrl-D DELETE -To delete the character
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under the cursor from the line, type ctr
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l-D. The character will disappear, and t
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he rest of the line will move in and fil
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l up the space created. If you DELETE to
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o much, you can recover the line with RE
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START
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Ctrl-F FIND -Followed by a character t
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yped N times, FIND will move the cursor
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to the Nth occurrence of the character i
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n the line. For example, to position the
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cursor on the third colon (:) in a line
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, type Ctrl-F :::. Notice that you only
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need type Ctrl-F once. Type any other ch
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aracter to terminate FIND
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Ctrl-Z ZAP - This function deletes all
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characters up to a specific character. A
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Ctrl-Z followed by a character typed N
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times will delete all characters up to t
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he Nth occurrence of that character (muc
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h like FIND). For example, to delete thr
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ee statements from a line, type Ctrl-Z :
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::. Type any other character to terminat
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e ZAP. If you ZAP a little too far, you
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can restore the original line with RESTA
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RT
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Ctrl-0 OVERRIDE - This command functi
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ons exactly like the INSERT command exce
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pt that the FIRST character inserted may
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be a control character. After the first
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character has been inserted, OVERRIDE b
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ehaves exactly like INSERT that is, inse
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rtion is terminated with a control chara
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cter. Inserted control characters are di
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splayed in inverse video in Edit mode. Y
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ou can use OVERRIDE to insert Ctrl-D's
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into PRINT statements for DOS commands.
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You might also want to experiment with
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other control characters such as the fou
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r programmable cursor characters (Ctrl-
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H,I,J,K),backspaces,and carriage returns
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.
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Ctrl-R RESTART- The RESTART command is
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used to re-edit the original line, rega
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rdless of any changes or deletions you m
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ight have made (A life saver). RESTART d
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oes not work if you entered Edit mode wi
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th a Ctrl-W.
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Ctrl-P PACK-The PACK command allows you
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to remove extraneous spaces in edited l
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ines that would otherwise cause a *** TO
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O LONG error. Ctrl-P will retype a line
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with all spaces removed except those wit
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hin quotes. PACK can also be used when y
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ou hear the bell warning you that your l
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ine is too long. To protect REMark lines
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from being PACKed, enter a quote as the
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first character of the REMark.
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Ctrl-C CONVERT - The CONVERT command
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is used to quickly convert upper case t
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ext to lower case, or vice versa. ctrl-C
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converts the character under the cursor
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to the current case set by the Crtl-A/C
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trl-S upper-lower shift lock, and advanc
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es the cursor.
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Ctrl-B BEGIN - This command moves th
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e cursor to the beginning of the line.
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It is useful for repositioning the curso
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r before using the FIND command, and for
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renumbering lines.
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Ctrl-N END - This command moves the
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cursor to the end of the line.Ctrl-Q QU
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IT - The QUIT command deletes to the en
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d of the line starting from the cursor p
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osition and exits Edit mode. The line is
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entered up to the cursor position.
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Ctrl-M RETURN - Typing a Carriage RETU
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RN will exit Edit mode and save the line
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exactly as it appears on the screen Th
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is is the usual way of leaving Edit mode
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.
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Ctrl-X CANCEL - Ctrl-X is used to can
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cel the line being edited, and exit Edit
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mode. A line cancelled with Ctrl-X can
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be recovered with Ctrl-W.
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<-,-> The backward and forward arrow
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keys work just as they normally do, mov
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ing the cursor backward or forward one s
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pace. These are also invoked with Ctrl-H
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and Ctrl-U, respectively.
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Ctrl-A,Ctrl-S - The upper and lower cas
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e shift lock keys also work in Edit mode
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. Ctrl-A is upper shift lock,and Ctrl-S
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is the lower shift lock. (See CONVERT)
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STOP LIST
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ESC or
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Ctrl-S Temporarily stop,i.e. pro
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gram listings or CATALOG,
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hit Ctrl-S or ESC. Exit
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command, hit any key.
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CANCEL LIST
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CTRL-C To terminate listing
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entirely and return to BAS
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IC
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FLUSH LIST
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Ctrl-F To quickly skip through
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long listings. To resume
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output to screen Ctrl-F
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NOTICE: ECS and Ctrl-S:
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During INPUT be careful. The ab
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ove commands S,C,F,ESC, work ONLY when c
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haracters are actually being printed on
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the screen.
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CURSOR CONTROL
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Ctrl-H - LEFT
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Ctrl-I - RIGHT
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Ctrl-J - DOWN
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Ctrl-K - UP
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These character allow you to control th
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e position of the cursor from within PRI
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NT,REM, or INPUT statements.
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Example: a PRINT statement with an aste
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risk followed by five Ctrl-K's and anoth
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er asterisk will print an asterisk one s
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pace ahead and four lines above the othe
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r.
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ESCAPE FUNCTIONS
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NOTE: THE ESCAPE FUNCTIONS ARE NOT AVAI
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LABLE DURING EDIT MODE !!!!
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ESC @, A-G These are normal Apple Esc
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ape commands. They work as is in manual.
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ESC P Typing ESC-P/ same as ESC shift-
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P, except don't use shift key.
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ESC I,HJ,K,M Simulate Autostart ROM E
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scape editing. Same as ESC A,B,C,D,
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ESC T This types TEXT and RETURN, and
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then POKE -16300,0 RETURN, which return
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s you to text page 1.
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ESC L Type LIST and a carriage return
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.
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ESC O Automatically types CALL-936
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ESC 1,2 ESC 1 will CATALOG the disk
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in drive 1
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ESC 2 will CATALOG the disk
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in drive 2
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ESC / Use in place of word PRINT
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ESC: This does a CALL-151 Note that a
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":" is a lower case "*" the Monitor pr
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ompt character.When executed all that is
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seen is "MON"
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ESC <- -> Performs eight <- and -> . T
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yping ESC ->->->->-> will copy an entire
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line from the Apple screen while ESC <-
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<- will fast backspace sixteen times.
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ESC Q This function will bring the va
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lue of the contents of any two memory lo
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cations. To use, you must first set the
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variable A equal to the address of the l
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ocation of the two-byte number. (This is
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done by typing A=n, where n is an integ
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er) Next just type ESC Q. This function
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is roughly equivalent to PRINT PEEK (A)
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+ PEEK (A+1) * 256, except that values g
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reater that 32767 are printed as negativ
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e numbers. In INTEGER BASIC setting A=7
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4 will print the current value of LOMEM:
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and A=76 will print the address of HIME
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M: In Applesoft use A=105 and A=73 respe
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ctively, to print the value of LOMEM: an
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d HIMEM: This function is not printed on
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the screen during execution.
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ESC W- Will calculate the start address
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and length of the most recently BLOADed
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disk file on 48K system. You must chan
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ge the constants within the function wit
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h the ESC CREATE programs for use with o
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ther size systems.
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ESC !-% -ESC shift 1 thru ESC shift 5
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make available the five characters that
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are not normally available on the Apple
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keyboard: the right bracket ( ) the bac
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kslash ( ) the underline ( ) Ctrl-/ and
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ctrl
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ESCAPE FUNCTIONS CAN BE USED FOR ANYTHI
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NG, REMEMBER POKES PEEKS CALLS, TYPE RES
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PONSES TO INPUT, FIRE UP PRINTER DRIVER,
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APPEND INTEGER BASIC.
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ESCAPE CREATE.INT
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ESCAPE CREATE.FP
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When using the ESC CREATE program to di
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splay the Escape functions you've notice
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d that the cursor movement commands ESC`
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@ through ESC F are defined in terms of
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themselves.
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If you don't want the text of the Escap
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e function to be displayed on the Apple
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screen just insert (') apostrophe into t
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he function at the place where you want
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to disable the display (usually the firs
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t character of the function). When encou
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ntered, during execution of an ESC funct
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ion, listing of the function is turned o
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ff and (') skipped over NOT entered into
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the line as part of the function.
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Also notice ESC Ctrl-E is defined as tw
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o bells and a Ctrl-X. This can be a life
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saver if you use ESC key for Stop List a
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nd you accidentally hit the ESC key afte
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r the listing has stopped. The next key
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will be processed as an Escape function
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and thus you will NOT enter Edit mode.
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Type Ctrl-E to enter Edit mode and you h
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ear two bell, you know to try again.
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USING PLE GREETING PROGRAM ON YOUR OWN
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DISK::
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A. Insert PLE disk and boot.
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B. Decide Integer BASIC or Applesoft of
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the greeting program you want.
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C. LOAD PLE
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D. Insert your own disk.
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E. CATALOG your disk to find out the na
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me and file type of its existing greetin
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g program.
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F. SAVE HELLO. You now have replaced th
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e old greeting program with PLE
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GREETING PROGRAMS:
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A. LOAD PLE
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B. DEL 10,30
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C. ENTER YOUR PROGRAM.
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INTEGER: The last statements execu
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ted in your program MUST
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GOSUB 32767: PRINT "<ctrl-D>INT"
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Applesoft: the last statement execut
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ed must be
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GOSUB 63999:PRINT "<ctrl-D>FP"
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Because the final INT and FP immediatel
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y terminates the program and clears prog
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ram memory, it is NOT possible to RUN an
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other program from your Greeting program
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. BRUN CATALOG AND EXEC etc., are allowe
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d
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D. Insert your own disk.
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E. Save HELLO
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It is possible to INIT a new disk with
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a PLE Greeting program.
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ENTERING BASIC FROM APPLE MONITOR
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To return to BASIC after hitting RESET
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or CALL-151,type Ctrl-Y and hit return.
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If you use 3D0G to re-enter BASIC the PL
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E will be disabled until BASIC is reente
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red with Ctrl-Y. If you have Autostart R
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OM, hitting RESET will always return yo
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u to BASIC with the Editor up and runnin
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g.
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THE PLE IS MUCH CONNECTED TO THE APPLE
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LIKE A PRINTER OR OTHER PERIPHERAL.
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THEREFORE WHEN YOU USE PR# IN# THE PLE
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IS TEMPORARILY DISABLED AND MUST BE RECO
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NNECTED. IN APPLESOFT CALL-1013 OR SIMPL
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Y AN & IN YOUR PROGRAM OR FROM THE KEYBO
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ARD. INTEGER DOESN'T HAVE & STATEMENT YO
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U MUST USE CALL-1013 TO RECONNECT THE PL
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E.
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MEMORY CONFLICTS;
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To transfer to another disk
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A. BLOAD REMOVE PLE
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B. BSAVE REMOVE PLE,A$300,L$3A
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=END=
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