561 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
561 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
SUBJECT: DECLINE & FALL OF AMERICAN UFOLOGY FILE: UFO1691
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DATE OF UPLOAD: July 12, 1989
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ORIGIN OF UPLOAD: ParaNet Alpha/ParaNet Information Service
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CONTRIBUTED BY: Dr. Willy Smith
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========================================================
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(C) Copyright 1989 ParaNet Information Service
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All Rights Reserved.
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THIS FILE WAS PREPARED BY PARANET ALPHA -- PARANET INFORMATION
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SERVICE
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DENVER, COLORADO
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NOTE: THESE FILES ARE NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE
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OF THE PARANET INFORMATION SERVICE NETWORK
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========================================================
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By Michael Corbin/ParaNet Administrator
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DENVER, CO -- Gulf Breeze, Florida has been the scene of
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mysterious and unexplained UFO activity during the last couple of
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years. As the sightings mounted in frequency, the town became
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embroiled in the most complex controversy since the Billy Meier
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case several years ago. This situation has become extremely
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polarized as the battle between the skeptics and the believers
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rages on.
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Everything centers around some of the most dramatic photos
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taken of what is alleged to be a UFO, which for months, continued
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to buzz Ed Walters and virtually, as reported, harassed him while
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he shot the photos.
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In November, 1987, while working at his desk in his home, Ed
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sighted a UFO. He quickly grabbed his Polaroid camera from a
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closet and ran outside and snapped the first series of the the
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mysterious object. Ed, not sure what to do, submitted the photos
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to the Gulf Breeze Sentinel, a weekly town newspaper. From that
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point onward, Ed was visited numerous times by the UFO whereby he
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shot more photographs under the supervision of MUFON. To date,
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not only have Polaroids been taken of this object, but there is
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also stereo photographs and some video tape in existence
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detailing these encounters.
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Dr. Robert Nathan, a photo specialist for the Jet Propulsion
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Laboratory in Pasadena, California received these photographs
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from the National Enquirer for study. According to Dr. Nathan,
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he performed a "very cursory" examination of the photographs and
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found many flaws and problems with them which he states "shot the
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case to hell" and convinced him that the photographs were hoaxed.
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Dr. Bruce Maccabee, a Navy photographic specialist, also
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performed a very detailed analysis of the photographs and
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rendered an opinion that he felt that the photographs could not
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have been hoaxed by someone of Ed's abilities. Due to the fact
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that Dr. Maccabee performed such a detailed study of the
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photographs, gives his opinion a great deal of weight for the
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acceptance of their authenticity. However, according to
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different investigative groups on the hoax side of the issue
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refuse to accept any of Dr. Maccabee's findings stating that
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there has been a serious breakdown in the methodology of UFO
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investigations by Dr. Maccabee and MUFON.
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ParaNet has rated the Gulf Breeze case a hoax. After
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performing a detailed investigation of this case, ParaNet
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continues to rate it as a total hoax, basing it's findings upon
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the results of the investigation, and more so, upon the recent
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findings of a private laboratory which studied some of the Gulf
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Breeze photographs which clearly show a support of some kind
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holding the UFO up to be photographed. Additionally, it was
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found that the video taped film of the UFO, shown on national
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television in the 'Unsolved Mysteries' segment, shows the strong
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possibility of a support holding the UFO up while filming was
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done from about 20 feet from the video camera. This is evidenced
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by the appearance of a street lamp in the school yard which is
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located behind Ed's house. While the camera is taping the UFO,
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it moves in front of the street lamp. At the precise moment that
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the UFO is directly over the street lamp, the light from the lamp
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blinks out and as soon as the UFO passes from it, the light
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blinks back on. This, according to Dr. Nathan, could indicate
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that the UFO is being supported on a pole while being held up for
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photographing.
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As everyone knows, Dr. Maccabee is considered to be an
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extremely credible scientist in the field. In light of this most
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recent evidence, it leads one to wonder what could possibly lie
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behind this if indeed it is a hoax? Have all of the scientific
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objectives been met in this case? Has MUFON compromised it's
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very charter to study this phenomenon in a scientific manner by
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throwing all care to the wind in light of some agenda not visible
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at this time? No one really knows, but here are some things to
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ponder.
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MUFON has been embroiled in the most extensive and far
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reaching shake up since it's history. Several of it's key
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members have resigned and it has been brought to ParaNet's
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attention that anyone visibly opposed to the Gulf Breeze case's
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authenticity has been either removed or censored. It has also
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been learned that MUFON has a large part in a book contract which
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has been awarded to Ed Walters detailing the Gulf Breeze case by
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Morrow and Company, the publishers of Whitley Streiber's books,
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'Communion' and 'Transformation'. The contract is in the
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neighborhood of several hundred thousands of dollars. There is
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also a possibility of a television 'mini-series'. And the list
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goes on and on.
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Dr. Willy Smith has been a MUFON investigator and a board
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member for several years. He is a degreed physicist and has
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operated the famous 'Unicat' project, incepted by Dr. J. Allen
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Hynek to catalogue UFO reports that Dr. Hynek investigated during
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his life as a major UFOlogist. Dr. Smith is not buying the Gulf
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Breeze case. Recently, MUFON removed Dr. Smith from it's
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organization as Dr. Smith publicly denounced the authenticity of
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the case and the credibility of Ed Walters.
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The story that follows is an article written by Dr. Willy
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Smith on the state of the UFOlogical community today. It is a
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very controversial piece and will most certainly create a fair
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amount of discussion. Dr. Smith wrote in December, 1988o and it
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has never been released, until now. It represents Dr. Smith's
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own observations and opinions, and does not necessarily reflect
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the opinion of ParaNet or it's staff, however it is perhaps 'on
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target' in describing the problems that belie each of us in our
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quest for the truth. It is time that we start demanding the
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truth and get it.
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The Gulf Breeze case is a good example. Have all of the
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scientific avenues been totally exhausted before such a
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conclusion was reached by MUFON? Dr. Smith tells ParaNet that
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Walt Andrus, founder of MUFON, absolutely refuses to release the
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original photographs for an independent study. ParaNet is also
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in possession of a letter written by Ed's attorney to Dr. Smith
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stating that he would be sued in court if he attempted to have
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the copies of the photographs that he has analyzed without the
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Ed's permission. Yet, when asked to provide them for analysis,
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this avenue is completely closed. If this case is so air tight,
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what have the proponents to hide from legitimate investigators?
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ParaNet is making a formal request to have the photographs
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analyzed by an independent laboratory. We will keep you posted
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on the outcome of this request to MUFON.
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It is the hope of ParaNet to get a discussion going and
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perhaps a rebuttal on this piece from the persons that Dr. Smith
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names.
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What do you think?
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We want to know.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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THE DECLINE AND FALL OF AMERICAN UFOLOGY
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Dr. Willy Smith
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PREAMBLE
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The first version of this paper was prepared during December 1988
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at the request of the prestigious British magazine Flying Saucer
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Review. Understandably, American affairs have low priority in
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Europe, and thus the publication of this paper has been delayed
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while its import is rapidly decreasing. This reason has decided
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me to revise the article and seek immediate publication in an
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American magazine.
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=================================================================
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INTRODUCTION
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Only a few years back, ufology in the United States was booming.
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Several major national organizations grouped under their banners
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a large number of members who were interested in the UFO
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phenomenon and provided ample financial support and a ready
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market for specialized publications. In addition, many smaller
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groups were active enough in more localized geographical areas.
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Two of the major organizations, NICAP and APRO, existed almost
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from the beginning of public interest in flying saucers. NICAP
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was mainly organized by Major Donald E. Keyhoe (*) and attracted
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many distinguished members formerly associated with the
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government and the military. As the years went by, the backbone
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of NICAP dispersed, and the organization slowly but irreversibly
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ceased to exist. Some files were acquired by CUFOS, where
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presumably they still are. However, not even Dr. Hynek, who
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allegedly had paid for the files from his own funds, could gain
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access to them during the last two years of his life, so one must
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consider them all but lost for future research.
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The other society, APRO, was created and organized by Jim and
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Coral Lorenzen, and attracted some of the best investigators
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abroad, such as Dr. Olavo Fontes in Brazil and Horacio Gutierrez
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Ganteaume in Venezuela. There is no question that the prime
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mover behind APRO was Coral, and as her health declined, so did
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the organization. The library was dispersed through a secondhand
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book dealer, and as for the files proper, nobody seems to know
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what happened to them after Coral's death in 1988. Once again,
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valuable records have ceased to exist for all practical purposes.
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The other two major organizations were MUFON and CUFOS, the
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former a splinter group from APRO centered around Walter Andrus,
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then a manager at Motorola, and the latter founded by Dr. J.
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Allen Hynek in 1973. While Dr. Hynek attempted to create a
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credible scientific organization, the MUFON emphasis was and
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still is at the grass-roots level, as it admits to its rank and
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file anyone able to pay the subscription rates.
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At the beginning of the 80's, essentially only MUFON and CUFOS
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survived. Walter Andrus had organized his society in a very
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effective way, using the subscribers to the MUFON UFO JOURNAL as
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potential but untrained investigators and creating a network
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covering the whole country. On the other hand, Dr. Hynek
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insisted that the CUFOS investigators should be competent, and a
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much thinner network was deployed under the able direction of
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Allan Hendry.
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The above is just background information, but essential for
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understanding what has happened to those organizations in the
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last year or so. Although both groups boast a Board of Directors
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and claim to have guidelines for what they are doing, the truth
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is that they are totally controlled by a few individuals who
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dictate policy and do as they please. This fact is kept from the
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membership at large, more interested in receiving the publication
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on time than in its contents or internal politics.
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As is always the case for monolithic structures, the success or
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lack thereof depends basically on the personal qualities of the
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leaders; and when the founders grow old or die, a slow but
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perceptible decline of the organizations is initiated. Often
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enough a deceptive steady state is maintained for years because
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nothing occurs to shake the complacency of the leadership or to
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challenge it. But then, one day, a sudden event occurs, a
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controversial case is mishandled, and the ineffectual leadership
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faces a situation beyond its capabilities which threatens the
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very existence of the organization.
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A HARD LOOK AT CUFOS
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The destiny of CUFOS is controlled effectively by only two
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individuals: Jerry Clark, the editor of the INTERNATIONAL UFO
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REPORTER, and Mark Rodeghier, president (whatever that means) and
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scientific director of CUFOS. Oh yes, there is a Board of
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Directors, but they are not important enough to have their names
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listed on the publication's masthead. I discovered how little
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say they actually have when following Dr. Hynek's death I
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attempted, very naively, to bring to their attention the fact
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that CUFOS was precipitously departing from what had been the
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basic philosophy of its founder. This is not meant to say that
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all the persons on the CUFOS Board of "Directors" are bad guys,
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because some of them, such as John P. Timmerman, are gentlemen
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who find themselves incapable of influencing events, for reasons
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too complex to deal with here.
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Jerry Clark has a dubious pedigree because of his long
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association with FATE Magazine, where he achieved the position of
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full editor before being terminated when the publication changed
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ownership. Perhaps the orientation of FATE will now change, but
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in the past it has been devoted mostly to the occult, offering a
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mixed bag of articles dealing with esoteric subjects such as
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astrology, witchcraft, and life after death. Indeed, ufology was
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treated here and there, sometimes by Mr. Clark himself, but the
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articles have been slanted toward sensationalism and not science.
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The serious problem with Mr. Clark, besides the imponderable
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influence that his relationship with FATE undoubtedly had, is
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that he can be swayed too easily, and not always for the right
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reasons. For instance, he has been strongly influenced by his
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friendship with Jenny Randles, resulting in publication by the
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IUR of unjustified attacks against FSR which are written in vague
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terms and not in a constructive manner amenable to rebuttal (Ref.
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1).
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Even Dr. Hynek was not happy with his own choice of editor for
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the IUR (Ref. 2), and he told me during the last months of his
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life that Clark was selected "because there was nobody else!"
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Not a very happy choice, indeed, as Mr. Clark has been telling
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all who care to hear how CUFOS had a turn for the better after
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the departure of Dr. Hynek, having finally achieved a "truly
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scientific orientation". Well, I guess one cannot expect any
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better from weekend ufologists.
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Two issues have recently dominated the ufological picture in the
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United States. The first is the MJ-12 documents, the second the
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Gulf Breeze sightings. The official position of CUFOS on the MJ-
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12 affair is that the documents are genuine (and they might be
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right) but this position seems to be based not on the available
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evidence, but mostly on the feelings of the editor toward Barry
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Greenwood et al, who have taken the opposite view. I don't have
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enough information about this topic to assume a posture, but it
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seems to me that both proponents and detractors should realize
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that the existence of MJ-12 and the genuineness of the documents
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are two separate issues.
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On the other hand, I have expended a great deal of time and
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effort in studying the alleged Gulf Breeze sightings. The
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validity of the case is based on a collection of Polaroid photos,
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which at the moment of this writing are unconditionally accepted
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as genuine--I believe--by only a few persons: Walt Andrus (MUFON
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International Director), Lt. Col. Donald Ware et al. (local
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investigators), Budd Hopkins (abduction expert), Dr. Bruce
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Maccabee (physicist), and Dan Wright (a MUFON henchman who really
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doesn't count).
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It is my considered opinion that overwhelming evidence exists to
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label this case a hoax, but CUFOS has been vacillating on
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publishing any of that evidence, in spite of the fact that a
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capable CUFOS investigator, Robert Boyd, has been involved in the
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case since the very beginning. Why? Because two of Jerry
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Clark's friends have taken the other tack: Budd Hopkins, of
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controversial abduction fame, by his own admission not a
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photographic expert, but who after only a cursory examination of
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the photos proclaimed them genuine, "the best ever obtained".
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And Dr. Bruce Maccabee, certainly a photographic expert, who
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suddenly seems blind to the blatant negative evidence existing in
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the photos and who has engaged in a massive disinformation effort
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(Ref. 3 and Ref. 9) pathetically attempting to validate what
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cannot be validated. Friendship is admirable but should not
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obfuscate reason, and when our friends err, it is part of the
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obligation of friendship to bring them back to their senses, even
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if painfully. Apparently, Mr. Clark has a different opinion, but
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historically silence has never mollified guilt; and as the
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Piltdown hoax has shown, the passage of time makes things worse
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for those who conspired to hide the truth (Ref. 10).
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As for Mark Rodeghier, he has yet to obtain his Ph.D., as Dr.
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Hynek had hoped when he appointed him Scientific Director of
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CUFOS. Nonetheless, he could have become an effective leader had
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he developed the strong personality that such a position
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requires. Clearly, this is not the case, and in all matters he
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yields to Jerry.
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This has been deplorable in the specific instance of the Gulf
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Breeze incidents, and Rodeghier's lack of resolve has resulted in
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unmitigated thrashing of CUFOS and his leadership from the pages
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of the MUFON UFO Journal, not only by Walter Andrus (Ref. 4) but
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also by Ed Walters, the dubious and supposedly anonymous Gulf
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Breeze photographer (Ref. 5). To top it off, lately the pages of
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the IUR to disclose Dr. Maccabee's adamant opposition to an
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independent computer analysis of the suspected photos, which
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would have resolved the issue once and for all.
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Undoubtedly the IUR readership feels that something is missing in
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the publication, that the selection of the articles is not
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determined by a firmly established policy but by the predominant
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wind, and that Dr. Hynek's ideals of serious scientific
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orientation have been betrayed. Although the exact circulation
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of the IUR is not known, a secret maintained at the price of
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higher postage rates, the publication delays seem to indicate a
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decreasing readership and a not very promising future for CUFOS.
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For the memory of Dr. Hynek, whose philosophy I share, I
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sincerely hope to be proved wrong, and that one of these days
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Mark Rodeghier will overcome his timidity and give us all a
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surprise.
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AND A HARDER LOOK AT MUFON
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If the picture I have sketched of CUFOS doesn't look bright, the
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reality of MUFON is still worse.
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As stated above, Walter Andrus used to be a good manager; and if
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he had limited himself to administrative tasks, MUFON could have
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fulfilled its destiny. Unfortunately, this has not been the
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case. The many capable individuals in MUFON, such as Ray Fowler,
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Walter Webb, Richard Hall and Marge Christensen don't seem to
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have a hand in determining policy and have progressively
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withdrawn from the limelight. Perhaps they feel that nothing can
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be done, and as one of the many dissatisfied persons has put it,
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"Walt owns MUFON". Instead of seeking the advice of all those
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consultants that Andrus claims are available to the organization,
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he rarely if ever consults them; and when the expertise is
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volunteered, he ignores it if it does not satisfy his desires.
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In fact, many respected ufologists have resigned from MUFON,
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while others--including myself and Robert Boyd--have been
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"expelled" because of their refusal to endorse the fake Gulf
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Breeze photographs. In recent weeks the split has possibly
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become irreversible due mainly to the issues raised by the
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controversial viewpoints of John Lear, which may or may not be
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presented in July at the Reno MUFON Symposium.
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Walter Andrus has surrounded himself with persons willing to
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dance to his tune, provided that they are given positions that
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they (and perhaps nobody else) perceive as important.
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Outstanding among these, we find Dan Wright, a bureaucratic
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employee from Michigan, whose ambition has allowed him to rise in
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the ranks in spite of his obvious shortcomings. As Deputy
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Director of Investigations, or a similar resounding title, he has
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undermined the seriousness of MUFON investigations by
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establishing absurd rules which consider that having the
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appropriate forms completed is more important than the
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investigative process itself. The worst thing about Mr. Wright
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is his lack of ufological knowledge and experience, and his
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unshakable belief that he is favored with both. Again, I have
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firsthand experience with this, because in my naivete I attempted
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to educate him about the complexities of the evaluation of UFO
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reports. I soon discovered that his only emphasis was on the
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number of reports sent to MUFON headquarters to be placed in
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dusty filing cabinets, out of circulation forever.
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The capital sin committed by MUFON is related to the Gulf Breeze
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sightings. The distressing part of the Gulf Breeze saga is not
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whether the photos are real or a hoax but the extremes to which
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both the investigators and Walt Andrus have resorted to maintain
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the illusion of a true and extraordinary case which was properly
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investigated. To narrate in detail the many incidents would take
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too much space (see Ref. 7) so I will limit myself to the most
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outrageous breaches of accepted investigative procedures and
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established scientific discourse.
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1) Censorship.
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Walt Andrus, as well as the local investigators (Don Ware et al.)
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have systematically suppressed all negative evidence, or simply
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not followed leads that could affect the credibility of the
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witness. None of the many scientific papers that I submitted to
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the MUFON Journal have been published or even acknowledged. Only
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due to the extreme pressure exerted by Richard Hall did a single
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negative article of less than 5 pages (Ref. 8) appear in the
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pages of the MUFON Journal. The rebuttal by the chief proponent,
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Dr. Bruce Maccabee (Ref. 9), took 18 pages of text plus photos
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and tables, skillfully dodging the fundamental issues, and
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containing so many errors of fact that they make a suitable
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response difficult, if not impossible, within the editorial
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constraints.
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2) Lack of confidentiality.
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The local investigators (mainly Lt. Col. Ware and Col. Reid) did
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not hesitate to release confidential analyses of other
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investigators (like myself), to the witnesses, thus allowing Mr.
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Walters to correct his errors and change his story in an attempt
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to nullify the negative evidence. An interesting example of this
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is that the "craft" shown in the initial photos is grossly
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asymmetric, but was replaced by a symmetric one at a later date.
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Incredibly, this change has been attributed to the alleged extra-
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terrestrials, rather than an improvement of Ed's techniques!
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Yet, those same investigators created an issue when I disclosed
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the name of Mr. Walters (a.k.a. Mr. Hanson) at a lecture,
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ignoring the fact that his TWO names are common knowledge in Gulf
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Breeze.
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3) Failure to disclose.
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Last, but the most important irregularity: only Dr. Maccabee has
|
|
had unrestricted and free access to the original Polaroid
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|
photographs. It has been well documented that all requests for
|
|
"independent examination", including the use of computer image
|
|
enhancement, have been simply ignored. Since the basic tenet of
|
|
scientific investigation is duplication by independent parties,
|
|
if we are to invoke science the ORIGINAL photographs have to be
|
|
made available. This has not been the case, and probably will
|
|
never be. Having detected many shortcomings using photographs
|
|
many generations removed from the Polaroid originals, I seriously
|
|
wonder what is in them that MUFON and the proponents do not want
|
|
others to see. Perhaps the lack of agreement between Mr.
|
|
Walters' story and the manufacturer numbers on the reverse? Or
|
|
the fact that apparently some of those numbers have been tampered
|
|
with?
|
|
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|
WHAT IS IN THE FUTURE?
|
|
|
|
Very little, if we don't do something about it. It seems that
|
|
ufology in the United States is changing, and not for the better.
|
|
The ideals that inspired the early pioneers in the field seem to
|
|
have disappeared, and the present day publications only reflect
|
|
the personal ambitions of those who write them. I find this
|
|
depressing, and also intolerable, because in science the
|
|
overwhelming driving force has to be the search for truth.
|
|
Unfortunately, the leadership of CUFOS seems to have forgotten
|
|
what the goal is, while the MUFON leaders cannot remember what
|
|
they never knew.
|
|
|
|
I often wonder why MUFON continues the pretense of
|
|
"investigating" cases, just to file them away. When the UNICAT
|
|
Project agreed to joint efforts with MUFON, it was with the clear
|
|
understanding that MUFON would make the "hidden" reports
|
|
available to us in exchange for free access to the UNICAT
|
|
database. Neither of those things ever happened: I was unable
|
|
to obtain a single investigation report from Walt Andrus, and no
|
|
inquiries were ever made to the database. The reasons are now
|
|
clear to me: Walt Andrus (that is, MUFON) has no interest in
|
|
solving the problem posed by the UFO phenomenon. In fact, such
|
|
an occurrence would mark the end of MUFON as a viable
|
|
organization: why would anyone buy the MUFON UFO Journal or the
|
|
IUR if the mystery has been solved?
|
|
|
|
As for CUFOS, the weekend ufologists are set in their ways not to
|
|
share information with others, in spite of the fact that this is
|
|
contrary to the philosophy established by Dr. Hynek, for whom
|
|
divulging and exchanging knowledge was of fundamental importance.
|
|
Their files, or whatever still remains of them, are not
|
|
accessible to anyone, much less to me because of my close
|
|
relationship with Dr. Hynek.
|
|
|
|
MUFON is at the breaking point, and perhaps this is the moment to
|
|
offer some creative thoughts. Ufology in the United States is
|
|
stagnant because of the lack of leadership in the extant
|
|
organizations. They live in the past, controlled by a few
|
|
persons who, bound by canons of loyalty to old friends, are
|
|
unable to recognize when those friends--also set in their ways--
|
|
are violating the rigid principles of scientific methodology.
|
|
Those false leaders have reached the point where the decisive
|
|
basis for their editorial policies is not the search for truth,
|
|
but publishing what sells regardless of its lack of scientific
|
|
value.
|
|
|
|
What is needed is a new organization, formed by a younger
|
|
generation more committed to scientific research than to making a
|
|
profit at the expense of truth. I sincerely hope that a few such
|
|
individuals exist out there and that they will be able to form a
|
|
new and more honest organization. Needless to say, the UNICAT
|
|
Project is prepared to provide support and assistance.
|
|
|
|
Dr. Willy Smith
|
|
UNICAT Project
|
|
May 1989
|
|
|
|
POST SCRIPTUM
|
|
|
|
As I am not naive anymore, I am quite aware that what is
|
|
published in the MUFON UFO Journal and the IUR pages is heavily
|
|
dependent on politics. Thus, I foresee that this article will
|
|
bring a vitriolic attack from those named in it. Very likely
|
|
their frustration will be vented in the only way they seem to
|
|
know well: attempting a destructive critique of the UNICAT
|
|
Project. So be it. My associates and I are open to constructive
|
|
criticism, which is always welcome. Not welcome are those
|
|
critics whose main objection to the UNICAT Project is their fear
|
|
that we may be approaching basic results, and whose arguments are
|
|
invariably based on lack of accurate information about what we
|
|
do.
|
|
|
|
REFERENCES
|
|
|
|
1. Fuller, Paul; in IUR Vol. 13, No. 3, May/June 1988, p.4.
|
|
|
|
2. Hynek, J. Allen; LETTER TO THE EDITOR FROM THE EDITOR-IN-
|
|
CHIEF, IUR Vol. 10, No. 4, July/August 1985.
|
|
|
|
3. Maccabee, Bruce; A HISTORY OF THE GULF BREEZE, FLA, SIGHTING
|
|
EVENTS, in the 1988 MUFON Symposium Proceedings, Lincoln, NE,
|
|
June 24-26, 1988. (Note: material covered by the author's
|
|
presentation at the symposium was essentially different.)
|
|
|
|
4. Andrus, Walter et al.; "The Gulf Breeze, FL., Photographic
|
|
Case", Part IV, in MUFON Journal No. 243, July, 1988, p.9.
|
|
|
|
5. Walters, Ed; "Ed Responds", in MUFON Journal No. 244, Sept.
|
|
1988, p.3.
|
|
|
|
6. Walters, Ed; letter to the Editor, in IUR Vol. 13, No.5,
|
|
Sept./Oct. 1988, p.23.
|
|
|
|
7. Smith, Willy; "The Gulf Breeze Saga", paper presented on
|
|
September 17, 1988 at the National UFO Conference, Cleveland,
|
|
Ohio (Available from R.D. Boyd, P.O. Box 66404, Mobile, AL, USA,
|
|
$6.00 including postage).
|
|
|
|
8. Hall, R. and Smith, W.; "Balancing the Scale: Unanswered
|
|
Questions about Gulf Breeze", in MUFON Journal No. 248, Dec.
|
|
1988, p.3.
|
|
|
|
9. Maccabee, Bruce; "The Scale Remains Unbalanced", in MUFON
|
|
Journal No. 252, Special Gulf Breeze Issue, April 1989, pp. 3-24.
|
|
|
|
10. Gould, Stephen Jay; HEN'S TEETH AND HORSE'S TOES, W.W.
|
|
Norton and Co., 1983, p.201.
|
|
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
|
|
Prepared by Michael Corbin
|
|
ParaNet Administrator
|
|
=================================================================
|
|
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**********************************************
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* THE U.F.O. BBS - http://www.ufobbs.com/ufo *
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********************************************** |