180 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
180 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
SUBJECT: UFO MYSTERY ? FILE: UFO1536
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(based on the memories A.S.Zaburunov)
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The phenomenon that happened in the skies of Siberia on 30
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June 1908 has been described ... as a man-made disabled spaceship
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with an exploding reactor (1). The explosion occurred over a large
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area with a sparse population density. Records of the event were
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limited to oberservations of populace who were non-technically
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minded and were susceptible in giving many-sided and parochial
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views. The result was that no clear and composite description was
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possible by the observers in the relatively close proximity (near
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field effect) of the event. Thus, the descriptions of the
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explosion stated in the literature must of necessity be limited to
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those observations.
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Subsequent investigations of Kulik and others (2,3,4) many
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years after the event led to the conclusions that the explosion
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was of a nuclear type. It was reported that there was not one gi-
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gantic explosion, but many of various intensities (5). The purpose
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of this note is severalfold. The first is to describe a series of
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fireballs I had observed when I was a youth in Russia. The second
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is to corroborate the time and and date of the observation of the
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explosion over Tunguska. The third is to present a plausible expl-
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anation of the explosion (consistent with the observations
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reported in the literature) based on scientific deductions.
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I was 10 years old and was working with my parents and other
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villagers in the wheat fields, located close to the Donetz River,
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160 km west of the junction of the Don and Donetz in the former
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U.S.S.R. Of necessity, we worked in the fields into midnight or
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later to reap the wheat as quickly as possible, when ripened.
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Since we were harvesting the earliest of the ripened fields, the
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time of the year would have been the end of June.
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About midmight (local time), our oxen were pulling wagons
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loaded wheat, when suddenly a luminous and purplish column
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appeared at the horizon in the easterly direction. Almost
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immediately, a large, dark-purple, and perfectly round luminous
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ball appeared on the top of the column. The height was estimated
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to be 5 to 6 degrees above the horizon. The ball had the apparent
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size of 1.5 times the diameter of the moon. Then, without any
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perceivable motion, the ball and column disappeared after a short
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time. We casually took that as an unusual effect. Then, after
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about one minute, a second similar, but now a red ball appeared at
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the same height. After a short period of time, it disappeared. We
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now were concerned about the events.
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After about another minute, a third ball appeared slightly to
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the right - and again after a short time, it disappeared. After
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the third one, we were scared, but we continued to watch the
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horizon. Several more fireballs were observed. Each fireball was
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successively smaller. The last one appeared after about a two min-
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ute interval; it was about half the size of the moon. It was
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somewhat lower and and to the right of the previous balls. Curiou-
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sly, the last one had a small tail trailing downward.
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I believe that, altogether, at least five fireballs appeared
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at the regular time intervals. Each lasted for an estimated three
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second time period. After the series, there was no more activity,
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and we completed our work. With subsequent years, I dismissed the
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observations and didn't attempt to rationalize the strange event.
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Then in 1960, I read an article describing the Tunguska
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"meteor". Later I saw photographs of the fireballs of atomic bombs
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that were exploded in the atmosphere. The combination of the
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article and the photographs immediately recalled my childhood exp-
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erience, and I realized I was a witness to the Tunguska explosion.
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The corroboration of the time and day can't be precisely det-
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ermined. There is agreement with the following: the year, 1908;
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the month and day, June 30 within plus or minus one day; and the
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hour, 7:00 am Tunguska local time, to within 1 hour. In addition,
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the number balls is in general agreement with the number of
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explosions counted at the terminal series of explosions observed
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at Tunguska (5).
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The most diffult aspect of my observation is the viewing of
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the fireballs from a distance of about 4,200 km. Although observ-
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ation of the present day atomic blasts are limited to the line of
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sight viewing, looming mirages have been observed 750 km from an
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object source. Anomalies of the atmosphere, generated by the entry
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of a bolide and/or the high explosions occurring at might over the
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cold land mass of Siberia, could conceivably increase the looming
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mirage distance for the extended range.
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From the above arguments, even though not scientifically
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verified to reduce the uncertainty factors, I shall postulate that
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the event of my youth was a far-field observation of the Tunguska
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explosion. A description of the fireballs and explosions that
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occurred at Tunguska now has been reconstructed from the literat-
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ure (4,6,7,8). Initially, a brillant bolide was noticed leaving
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trails of red, blue, and yellow lines of ionized air as it moved
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toward the earth. The bolide separated into three sections. The
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first was a small "cloud", a core, and then a body of less dense
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material sweeping behind the core. After about 10 minutes of
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flight, a small explosion occurred at the "cloud" section. Shortly
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afterward, three large explosions occurred, separated by about one
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minute intervals.
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It is conjectured that this series was created by the body,
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and that it was the first of the two major shock waves recorded
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throughout the world. Then, during the next 5 minutes, about 50 to
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60 small explosions occurred, separated by distinct and equal time
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intervals. These explosions were thought to have been created by
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the remnant of the main body. After two or more minutes, seven
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explosions occurred, separated by about one minute time
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intervals.It is thought that this series was created by the core,
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and that it caused the second of the two major shock waves also
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recorded throughout the world.
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At the explosion site in Tunguska, two distinct patterns (or
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areas) of fallen trees were discovered. They were about 50 km
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apart. It is assumed that the first one was the result of the
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first three explosions, and the second one (to the northwest) was
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the result of the last seven explosions with a reverse pattern of
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fallen trees. But, no craters of debris have been found at or near
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the explosion site.
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It has been determined that the shock wave, an intense heat
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flash, and a tremendous smoke column occurred with subsequent
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fallout of Cs-137 and K-39 at the site (5). Most observations
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indicate that the object was a bolide entering the Earth's atmos-
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sphere at a high velocity. It is assumed that as the bolide
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entered the atmosphere, it was heated to extreme temperature above
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1 Million C, creating very high pressures.
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The abundance of hydrogen in such an environment can produce
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a hydrogen bomb (5). The hydrogen converts into deuterium
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releasing 2 or 3 neutrons, as well as energy in the form of heat,
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shock, and flash waves. Thus, the first explosion is believed to
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be of the FUSION type occurring at the "cloud" section. The
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subsequent explosions are characterized by a baffling time
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phenomenon. The time between the successive explosions appears to
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be periodic, rather than a random series of events. Thus, it is
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conjectured that as the bolide entered the atmosphere, the less
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dense matter was swept off the main body in a manner similar to
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standing wave mode.
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The matter, when subjected to high temperature and pressures
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in a neutron atmosphere (the center of mass coincident with the
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neutrons during the flight), could be constricted within a
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standing mode of increasing mass until the critical state is
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reached for a fission type of explosion to occur. Thus, the
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process would repeat itself periodically until the materialof that
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bolide was spent. It is believed that the series of explosions
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following the first small one were fission type.
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Again, one observes that the fallout (5) was essentially
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Cs-137 and K-39, both artifically produced isotopes of the alkali
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metal family. It also is noted that, strangely, francium, the hea-
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viest of the alkali metals never has been detected in meteors (9).
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If we assume Fr was present in the bolide at a significant concen-
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tration, an expected reaction of Fr is an environment of neutrons
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would be as follows: 87(Fr)215 + n ->87(Fr)216 ->55(Cs)137+19(K)39
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+un+h(A)z+mc(squared)
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where n is the number of neutrons per Fr atom, un, the number of
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neutrons released, h(A)z, any of the traces of metals found at the
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site, and mc(squared), the released energy.
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THE AUTHOR: Akim Zaburunov has recently retired from the U.S.
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ARMY NIGHT VISION RESEARCH LABS, FT.Belvior, VA. Born in czarist
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Russia, he was educated at the Institute of Technology in Brno,
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Czechoslovakia, at Mass. Institute of Technology, and Univ. Mich.
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As a boy in Russia he was witness to a series of explosions which
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occurred at the same time as the the Tunguska explosions.
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REFERENCES:
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1) Baxter J., and Atkins, T., THE FIRE CAME BY, Doubleday & Co.,
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Garden City, NY (1976).
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2) Krinov, E., TUNGUSKA METEORITE SERIES:, Akademia nauk S.S.S.R.
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1949
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3) Ivanovich, Vronskii Boris, Tropoy Kulika, Moskva, "Mys!" 1963
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4) Zolotov, Alexey Vasilievich, Problema Tunguskoy Catastrofy 1908
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Minsk, "Nauke & Technica" 1969
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5) Bruckner, Marijian, Tajna, Tunguske, Katastrofalne eksplosie v
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Sibiria - Virovitica, 1969
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6) Tunguska Meteorite-Collected works Problema Tunguskoyo
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Meteorite Tomsky University 1963
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7) Lubich, Kandyba, Urii, V strane Ohnennago boha Ogdy-Kemerovo,
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Book Printing 1967 USSR
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8) Vasiliev, Nikolay U., Nochnya svetiashiesa oblaka, Moskva
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"Nauka," 1965
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9) Brown, P.L., COMETS, METEORITES, AND MEN, Taplinger Publishing
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Company, New York (1974)
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RESEARCHED BY:
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KEN WILLOUGHBY
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BOX 317
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FAIRACRES, NEW MEXICO 88033-0317.
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**********************************************
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