2226 lines
88 KiB
Plaintext
2226 lines
88 KiB
Plaintext
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NOTES ON PREPAREDNESS FOR NATURAL
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AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS WITH
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EMPHASIS ON EARTHQUAKES
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FOR ROSSMAN SCHOOL
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Prepared by Ken Seger
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With editorial assistance by Patt and Jerry Welk
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Copyright Notice: All rights reserved. Except as permitted under
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the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part
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of this publication may be reproduced or
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distributed in any form or by any means, or
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stored in a data base or retrieval system,
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without prior explicit written permission from
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the author.
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If you find the information in this file of use to you, would you please send
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$10 to Rossman School, 12660 Conway Road, St. Louis,MO 63141 with the check
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made out to Rossman Parents Club. The funds will be used to purchase
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additional survival equipment for the children.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PREFACE iii
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THE PURPOSE OF THIS TEXT 1
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WHAT ROSSMAN IS CURRENTLY DOING AND THE NATURE OF DECISIONS 2
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PROBABILITY OF DAMAGE FROM AN EARTHQUAKE 3
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VARIOUS SCENARIOS AND HAZARDS FROM AN EARTHQUAKE 5
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TRAINING OPTIONS 8
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EQUIPMENT OPTIONS 9
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VARIOUS LEVELS OF PREPAREDNESS AVAILABLE 11
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SUMMARY OF COST ESTIMATES FOR EQUIPMENT 15
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PERSONAL PREPAREDNESS PACKS FOR FACULTY AND STAFF 17
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RETROFITTING THE EXISTING BUILDINGS 18
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RECOMMENDATIONS 19
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ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN 21
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Additional information packets
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Task Forces
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Financing Preparedness
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CLOSING COMMENTS 25
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APPENDIX
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1. Nuclear War and how it relates to earthquake preparedness 26
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2. Other cultures and preparedness 27
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3. Sources for preparedness supplies with price estimates 28
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4. Survivalist information resources 31
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND PARTIAL EXPLANATION OF USES OF EQUIPMENT 33
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ii
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PREFACE
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When I first started writing this text it began as an 18
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KiloByte outline of the steps Rossman School should take to be
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prepared for an earthquake. This quickly grew to 28K with the
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addition of more information. Soon a glossary and more
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additional information was added bringing the total to 58K.
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Additional activities were added bringing the K up to 70. At
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that point the entire file was reorganized and an explanation of
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what the term survivalism really means was included. Hopefully
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this trend will continue through the future years as additional
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information, techniques, supplies, and training are added to
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improve the disaster preparedness capability of Rossman School.
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I would like to thank Patt and Jerry Welk for their
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encouragement and editing of this text. One of their criticisms
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was the inclusion of the words survivalist and survivalism.
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They felt, and rightly so, that the term survivalist has
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acquired a notorious connotation recently. They suggested that
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those terms should be replaced with blander, image-neutral terms.
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While the negative connotation might be the accepted
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definition for people who assume that everything they read or
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hear in the mass media is the absolute truth, a more accurate
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picture is acquired by those who search for what is true and
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what is false concerning the survivalist movement.
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There are individuals and groups, incorrectly labeled as
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"survivalist" by the mass media, who are not worthy of the name.
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These incorrectly labeled people tend to be political or
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religious extremists who violate the principles of survivalism
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(see appendix #4) by neither helping others nor advocating
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freedom. Even though true survivalists outnumber the falsely
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labeled "survivalists" by over 100 to 1, the true survivalists
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get less than 5% of any mass media coverage. This merely
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reflects the mass media's appetite for bad news versus good news.
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Since the activities suggested in this text are PRECISELY
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what true survivalism is all about, the terms survivalist and
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survivalism have been retained, and rightfully so.
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I have been studying the topic of survivalism since 1982.
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Since 1983, I have been a member of LIVE FREE which is the
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world's oldest (founded in the early 60's) and largest
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survivalist organization, been a life member since 1985, been a
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Certified Survival Instructor since 1988 (passing with the
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second highest score ever), and have given lectures on
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nutrition, nuclear war survival skills, and water purification
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at various LIVE FREE seminars. I have an extensive library of
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survivalist literature and subscriptions to all major
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survivalist newsletters and magazines written in English in the
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USA, Australia and Europe. I have participated in the various
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iii
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survivalist computer/modem information networks since 1984 and
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have been the SYStem OPerator and host node of a survivalist BBS
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since 1986.
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Anyone who would care to examine what real survivalists are
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truly like should refer to appendix #4 for a brief explanation
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of the topic and sources of additional information from which
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they can derive their own conclusions.
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Ken Seger, March 1990, St. Louis
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iv
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THE PURPOSE OF THIS TEXT
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WHAT THIS TEXT IS FOR
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The purpose of these notes is neither to forecast a disaster
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nor recommend a specific line of action, but to serve as a
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framework for discussion of the different levels of earthquake
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hazard, and show the many different methods and levels of
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preparedness to cope with those hazards.
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There is no way to predict, with any degree of confidence,
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when or how strongly an earthquake will occur. While people
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such as Dr. Iben Browning have predicted the New Madrid to quake
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on Dec. 3, 1990 plus or minus 3 days, most other authorities
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place their predictions in decades rather than in days.
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Even in the highly unlikely event that this particular
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disaster does occur between Oct.31 and Dec. 7th, other types of
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disasters can certainly occur before and after those days.
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If you are moderately prepared for a major earthquake, you
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are very well prepared for smaller disasters, and at minimum,
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partially prepared for other larger disasters.
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Different levels of problems are identified as ideal, fair,
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poor, and worst case conditions in the following categories:
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time of day, time of year, weather, utilities, building damage,
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support services, level of damage and duration of emergency
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conditions.
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Levels of preparedness are organized around the topics of
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shelter, lighting, water, food, sanitation, heating and cooling,
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medical, communication and safety requirements. Each of these
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topics is covered to illustrate how different levels of
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preparedness can be obtained.
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WHAT THIS TEXT IS NOT FOR
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Just because the different categories of problems happen to
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be lumped into a single problem level does NOT mean that this is
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likely to be the case in an actual disaster situation. The
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likelihood of a disaster staying within such nicely defined
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parameters is practically nil. It is most likely to be a mixed
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bag of events. In the same vein, the topics in the levels of
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preparedness are grouped ONLY to show that different levels of
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preparedness can be sought and they are not meant to be a rigid
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set of goals. Different levels in different topics will be
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chosen based on perceived needs and the amount of money and
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man-hours available for the preparedness project.
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WHAT ROSSMAN IS CURRENTLY DOING AND THE NATURE OF DECISIONS
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If one accepts as true the saying, "The act of not making a
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decision in itself is a form of making a decision", then one can
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expand that to, "The act of not even considering a topic at all
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is itself a form of a decision." If that is the case, then
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Rossman has made the decision to be very unprepared for an
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earthquake or any other major disaster.
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Let us look at what that decision entails. We have decided
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that in a major disaster the students of Rossman will be without
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safe drinking water, they will only have whatever form of
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shelter happens to be available at the time, communications will
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only be that which is usually available, if intact, if students
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must stay overnight there will be no provision for emergency
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light, bedding or shelter, and that easily corrected hazards
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will not be eliminated causing great property damage to
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carpeting, materials, books, etc.
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Now that the topic has been brought up, I hope that the old
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passive decision will be rejected and replaced with a new
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actively made and acted upon decision. Hopefully this document
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will make this change occur sooner than it would have otherwise
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and long before it is needed.
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As one seismologist stated, "You need to choreograph an
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earthquake well in advance, otherwise you will NOT like the
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dance."
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SO WHAT ARE THE CHANCES OF A QUAKE?
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According to a Memphis State University study, the chance
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of a major earthquake from the New Madrid fault is:
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Richter Scale Probability of occurrence by the year
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2000 2040
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6.7 50% 90%
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7.6 10% 25%
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8.3 1% 3%
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A Southeast Missouri State University at Cape Girardeau
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study gives the odds as:
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Richter Scale Probability of occurrence by the year
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2000 2040
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6.3 50% 90%
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7.6 10% 25%
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8.6 1% 3%
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Please note: the Richter scale is a logarithmic scale and
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refers only to the power of the earthquake expressed as a power
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of ten and by itself does not predict the level of damage. An
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earthquake of Richter 8.0 has the same amount of power as 10 -
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Richter 7.0 quakes or 100 - Richter 6.0 quakes or 1,000 -
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Richter 5.0 quakes. In other words, to dissipate the amount of
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energy that could be released by one single Richter scale 8.0
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earthquake would require a Richter scale 4.0 earthquake to occur
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every single hour for one year and two months or a Richter scale
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5.0 earthquake to occur every hour for six weeks.
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In 1985 Dr. Otto Nuttli, professor of geophysics at St.
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Louis University, estimated that the New Madrid quakes in the 5
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month period of 1811-1812, ranged as high as 8.0 to 8.8 Richter
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and that 15 to 18 of the aftershocks ranged from 6.5 to 7.0
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Richter. Others estimate that 5 of the two dozen or so quakes
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were 8.0 or higher. In 1985, the amount of energy stored in the
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fault was enough to produce an earthquake of 7.6 Richter
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according to Dr. Nuttli. The last large quake was in 1895 and
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estimated at 6.0 Richter. It is estimated that a quake of this
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size should occur about every 80 years. Due to the difference
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in structure, a quake in the midwest will have a damage area 20
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times larger than the same quake would have in California.
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It is virtually impossible to predict at what Richter scale
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a major quake would occur. Even if it were, it would be equally
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difficult to predict the precise damage level that would occur
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in the Rossman School area.
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CHANCES OF A QUAKE (con.)
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If the New Madrid has a 6.7 Richter scale quake, the
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greater St. Louis area can expect the following effects: people
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have trouble standing upright, loose bricks fall from buildings,
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heavy furniture overturns, many windows break and some buildings
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are damaged.
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For a 7.6 Richter scale quake: drivers have difficulty
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steering, towers and chimneys fall, tree branches break and
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some buildings partially collapse.
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It is estimated that a 7.4 Richter scale quake will do
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approximately six billion dollars in damage in just the state
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of Missouri.
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For a 8.6 Richter scale quake: the ground is cracked
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conspicuously, considerable damage in masonry structures
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especially designed to withstand earthquakes, some buildings
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collapse and underground pipes sometimes broken.
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Estimations of damage to the West County area published by
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authorities indicate that on a 8.6 Richter scale earthquake
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damage levels of 7, 8 or 9 may occur.
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Level 7 is described as: "Damage negligible in buildings of
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good design and construction. Numerous windows and some
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furniture are broken. Considerable damage occurs to concrete
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irrigation ditches."
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Level 8 equals: "Trees shaken strongly with branches and
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trunks broken off. Slight damage occurs in brick structures
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built especially to withstand earthquakes. Buildings partially
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collapse. Stone walls are cracked or broken seriously."
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Level 9 equals: "Ground is cracked conspicuously.
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Considerable damage occurs in masonry structures built
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especially to withstand earthquakes. Some buildings collapse.
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Underground pipes sometimes broken."
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Please note that those damage levels will NOT be uniform
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throughout the St. Louis area. Some areas will be devastated
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while others nearby will suffer only minor damage.
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However, even if there is only a 0.1% chance of an
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earthquake happening, if it happens, it happens. One can not
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control the likelihood of an earthquake occurring, but one can
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control the amount of preparedness for an earthquake or other
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disaster.
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WHAT IS THE RANGE OF POSSIBLE CONDITIONS?
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When a quake happens, the magnitude of problems will be
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dependent on the severity of the quake and other circumstances
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not related to the quake: time of day, time of year, weather
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conditions and the ability of governmental services and parents
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to provide assistance.
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IDEAL CONDITIONS
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Time of day - during the middle of the night when nobody is at
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school
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Time of year - during winter or spring break, summer vacation,
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or on a weekend when nobody is here!
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Weather - mild spring or fall, nice temperatures with no wind
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Utilities - no loss of electricity, phone, gas, water, or sewer
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Building - a few books and art projects knocked off of the
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shelves, a few minor cracks in windows or walls
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Police/fire/hospital - there and ready, available by phone and
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everybody in the yellow pages waiting to take your money
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Injuries - no people at school equals no injuries
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Damage level - no major problems, quake was a small one
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Duration - at no time were there emergency conditions
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FAIR CONDITIONS
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Time of day - before school when just staff and faculty are in
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or after the PM carpool is over when there are a just a few
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students and most of the staff and faculty are still here
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Time of year - spring or fall during a school day
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Weather - spring or fall with rain, or summer or winter with very
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mild temperatures and winds and no precipitation
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Utilities - no electricity, water pressure low, however, the
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gas, phone and sewer are working
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Building - numerous small cracks in drywall, a few windows
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shattered, some windows with substantial cracks, many
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windows with minor cracks, repairs not covered by insurance
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covered by Board of Trustee's Discretionary funds
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Police/fire/hospital - available but only for critical
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emergencies, triage is much tighter than usual
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Injuries - lots of bruises and scrapes, some minor cuts, just a
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few significant injuries such as major cuts, sprained or
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strained joints or broken bones
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Damage level - the quake was significant, and some aftershocks
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are expected
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Duration - most students are picked up before sundown with just
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a few being picked up the next day, utilities return to
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normal in a day or so
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VARIOUS SCENARIOS (con.)
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POOR CONDITIONS
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Time of day - around AM or PM carpool when there are many
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parents at school available to help
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Time of year - summer with rain and wind or winter with snow
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and wind
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Weather - a hot summer or a cold winter
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Utilities - only the phone is working, and it is overloaded
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with long delays for connections
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Bbuilding - significant damage, most windows broken or cracked,
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some deformation at a few door frames, repairable, but
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expensive, a loan is needed to cover repairs and expenses
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until lawsuit with insurance company is resolved
|
||
Police/fire/hospital - difficult to get to or contact, services
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are very overburdened
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Injuries - numerous minor cuts, abrasions and bumps, several
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significant injuries and one life threatening injury such
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as sucking chest wound, severe bleeding, shock, etc.
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Damage level - major quake, aftershocks are numerous but smaller
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Duration - moderate number of students have been picked up by
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9PM but the balance are not picked up until noon of the
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next day with a few distant students not picked up for
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another day or so
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||
WORST CASE POSSIBLE SCENARIO
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Time of day - between 9AM and 2AM when there are the fewest
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number of parents available for assistance
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||
Time of year - either the heat of summer or the cold of winter
|
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Weather - summer/no clouds, high heat, drying winds or
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winter/clouds, 35-40 degrees with rain
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Utilities - none except gas (leaking), no water, electricity or
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phone
|
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Building - Profound damage to older building. Due to the
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collapse of pantry wall, the gas shut-off valve is
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||
inaccessible with strong smell of gas around valve. Gym &
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the new wing have damage of brickwork and deformation at
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corners. Both are suitable for shelter with some risk,
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however children are afraid to enter. Older building may
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not be financially worth fixing. Insurance company files
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for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
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Police/fire/hospital - No phones to call for assistance,
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besides all services hopelessly swamped with other
|
||
demands. Conway road hopelessly clogged due to cracked
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pavement and people trying to get to St.John's & St.Luke's
|
||
|
||
VARIOUS SCENARIOS (con.)
|
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|
||
|
||
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||
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WORST CASE (con.)
|
||
|
||
Injuries - bleeding major and minor, sucking chest wounds, eye
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injuries, broken arms, legs of students, faculty and
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staff. Some cases of hysteria, panic and catatonia of
|
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students, faculty and staff.
|
||
Damage level - high!, 8+ Richter as in the early 1810's
|
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Duration - majority of parents unable to retrieve children until
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next day with several faculty, staff and students who live
|
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farther out unable to go home for a few days, electricity
|
||
and phone will be out for at least week
|
||
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PLEASE NOTE: Estimations of damages in all cases are HIGHLY
|
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speculative. Actual damage to building is dependent on quality
|
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of land or landfill under the building and underlying rock
|
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formations on which the preparer has no meaningful data. Also
|
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the degree of resistance of buildings to seismic shock is
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unknown to the preparer of this report.
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|
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|
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|
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|
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TRAINING OPTIONS
|
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||
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||
|
||
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||
FACULTY AND STAFF
|
||
|
||
Minimum - Review "duck and cover" techniques, review evacuation
|
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drills and check that all Red Cross First Aid and CPR
|
||
cards are current.
|
||
Good - Above plus retake standard classes
|
||
Better - Above plus see if 50 hour Red Cross course could be
|
||
arranged, view Practical Preparedness video and listen to
|
||
the, What you Should Know About Earthquakes, audiotape.
|
||
Best - Over the summer loan VCR (if needed) and view Nuclear War
|
||
Survival Skills video tapes 1-4 and Soviet Civil Defense
|
||
video tapes 1-7. See appendix #1
|
||
|
||
STUDENTS
|
||
|
||
Minimum - Incorporate "duck and cover" earthquake safety
|
||
routines into the fire/evacuation drill
|
||
Good - Talk about earthquakes and how they are rare, with
|
||
effects usually limited to minor building damage
|
||
Better - Tell about Rossman's preparations as is appropriate to
|
||
age. Talk about what you would do if you didn't have
|
||
utilities for an hour or a day etc.
|
||
Best - Practice skills in a drill, perhaps as an after school
|
||
activity. Have the children talk to Rowan-Woods students
|
||
about their experiance of going to school without having
|
||
running water.
|
||
|
||
PARENTS
|
||
|
||
Minimum - Give all parents a sheet explaining what preparedness
|
||
steps Rossman School has taken.
|
||
Good - Offer general preparedness information to all parents
|
||
interested.
|
||
Better - Offer a special evening in which preparations are
|
||
discussed and demonstrated. Offer more detailed
|
||
preparedness information.
|
||
Best - Form a Parent's Preparedness Club in which members can
|
||
learn in more detail about preparedness. Develop a Parent
|
||
Volunteer list for communications, assistance and housing
|
||
of remote students, faculty and staff during a disruption
|
||
of normal transportation facilities.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
EQUIPMENT NEEDS
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Equipment is needed to fulfill the basic human needs of
|
||
shelter, water, food, sanitation, heating or cooling and
|
||
medical needs. The secondary needs of light and safety are
|
||
important for the well being of the children as well.
|
||
|
||
SHELTER
|
||
|
||
Shelter is needed to protect the children, faculty and
|
||
staff from hypothermia, hyperthermia, rain, snow and wind.
|
||
While high quality shelter would be preferred, it should be
|
||
remembered that the scope of this preparedness plan only covers
|
||
keeping the children from harm until their parents can take over
|
||
the children's needs.
|
||
|
||
WATER
|
||
|
||
Water that is both potable and palatable is needed for
|
||
drinking, sanitation, and possible food preparation.
|
||
|
||
FOOD
|
||
|
||
Food is needed for psychological aid more than
|
||
physiological need if the duration is a few hours. It is highly
|
||
useful for group activity, a sense of normalcy, comfort, etc.
|
||
|
||
SANITATION
|
||
|
||
"When ya gotta go, ya gotta go!" There will be enough
|
||
stress in an emergency without forcing the kids to use a trench
|
||
toilet. Also, this will speed cleanup after the disaster.
|
||
|
||
HEATING AND COOLING
|
||
|
||
This demand will be minimal if reasonable shelter is
|
||
provided. Cold and hot packs might be needed in special cases
|
||
for medical purposes.
|
||
|
||
MEDICAL
|
||
|
||
At least the basics are needed. A higher level of
|
||
preparedness in this topic allows greater safety.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
EQUIPMENT NEEDS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
COMMUNICATIONS
|
||
|
||
At least inward communications should be available to
|
||
listen to AM and FM radio. If units with an outward ability are
|
||
purchased, SSB CBs would be the minimum. Mobile and portable
|
||
phones might be utilitized, if still functioning.
|
||
|
||
LIGHTING
|
||
|
||
Illumination is needed for group activities, private
|
||
activities, a sense of security, special cases, etc.
|
||
|
||
SAFETY
|
||
|
||
Since Rossman is located in a low density, upper income
|
||
area, this need is unlikely. However, protection from rodents,
|
||
dogs, other animals and humans may always be a possibility.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
LEVELS OF PREPAREDNESS
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
EASIEST PREPARATIONS ARE NO PREPARATIONS, BUT ALSO THE WORST
|
||
|
||
CURRENT LEVEL OF PREPAREDNESS
|
||
|
||
Shelter - What is on everybody's back
|
||
Light - Are there candles and working flashlights?
|
||
Water - How much do the water heaters hold?
|
||
Food - What is in the kitchen on average or lowest point?
|
||
Sanitation - Those two large bushes in the woods over there and
|
||
hopefully a shovel.
|
||
Heat/cooling - hmmmmm.....
|
||
Medical - First aid kits, oxygen system, splints, venom
|
||
extractors, Epi-pen and whatever is in the faculty and
|
||
staff's cars.
|
||
Communication - clock radios, hope the phones still work, two
|
||
three channel standard CB's used for car pool with all
|
||
three channels hopelessly clogged by more powerful
|
||
transmitters; therefore, if no phones, communication with
|
||
outside world consist of Ms. Czech and Mr. Huusko
|
||
transporting slips of paper.
|
||
Safety - There are trees from which switches can be cut.
|
||
|
||
|
||
SHOE STRING, MAKE DO JURY RIGGED
|
||
|
||
Shelter - A few rolls of 5 mil plastic and some rope (in the
|
||
science room) are a lot better than nothing for expedient
|
||
tents.
|
||
Light - A good plastic flashlight costs $6 at Wal-Mart, Cheap D
|
||
cells can be purchased, but need to be rotated.
|
||
Water - a crystalline iodine "generator", a 5 gallon jug with
|
||
tap and a container of paper cups would help
|
||
Food - a 5 pound bag of hard candy is cheap and will last for
|
||
years
|
||
Sanitation - for $10, two box style portapotties can be
|
||
purchased via mail order
|
||
Heat/cooling - a few instant cold packs and hot packs for the
|
||
first aid kit would be nice
|
||
Medical - additional supplies added to the current medical kit
|
||
would be nice
|
||
Communication - at least one AM/FM radio with batteries to
|
||
match, again the batteries need to be rotated
|
||
Safety - mace, tear gas, cap-stun or other sprays are fairly
|
||
effective
|
||
|
||
|
||
LEVELS OF PREPAREDNESS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
MINIMAL BUDGET
|
||
|
||
Shelter - a few large good tarps with ropes and tent spikes
|
||
would be better than plastic
|
||
Light - numerous plastic flashlights with 20 year storage
|
||
batteries plus a battery operated fluorescent light
|
||
Water - a few iodine purifiers with 25 gallons of water stored
|
||
at all times in various locations would be nice and cost
|
||
only $30
|
||
Food - Purchasing some foods that require no water or heat (if
|
||
you don't mind eating cold chicken with gravy, etc.)
|
||
Sanitation - The box style portapotties again but with the
|
||
addition of a portable sink (5 gal.)
|
||
Heat/cooling - quite a few heat and cold packs + some aluminized
|
||
mylar sheets (the so-called "space-blankets")
|
||
Medical - a second kit can be added
|
||
Communication - one radio for scanning AM and another for FM,
|
||
20 year storage D cells
|
||
Safety - a higher grade of anti-personnel incapacitating gas
|
||
|
||
|
||
MODERATE BUDGET
|
||
|
||
Shelter - a tent that would house two dozen children or any
|
||
injured can be purchased for $300
|
||
Light - numerous plastic flashlights with 20 yr. D cells,
|
||
several fluorescent lights with 20 year D cells, several
|
||
cyalume sticks of various types
|
||
Water - Several iodine purifiers, with filter papers and
|
||
activated charcoal to improve palatability, some "Tang" or
|
||
"Wylers" would be nice and multiple stored water
|
||
mylar/boxes in several locations
|
||
Food - a large meal in an MRE can be had for about $3.50 and
|
||
will store for years, a cheaper method would be to purchase
|
||
MRE components
|
||
Sanitation - 3 box style portapotties, 2 - 5 gallon portable
|
||
sinks and a "solar" shower for cleaning spills and accidents
|
||
Heat/cooling - heat and cold packs, numerous space-blankets plus
|
||
numerous "space" sleeping bags
|
||
Medical - medical kit should contain all possible supplies that
|
||
faculty and staff are qualified to use
|
||
Communication - 1 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV band radio with 20 yr D cells
|
||
Safety - a flare gun for signaling, or in a worst case
|
||
scenario, defense
|
||
|
||
|
||
LEVELS OF PREPAREDNESS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
WELL BUDGETED, CONVENTIONAL
|
||
|
||
Shelter - an army surplus 16' x 32' tent can be boought for $500
|
||
Light - numerous Mag-lite flashlights with 20 year storage
|
||
batteries, fluorescent lanterns with 20 yr. batteries,
|
||
cyalume sticks - several bright white 30 minute units for
|
||
special applications and various colored 12 hour units for
|
||
night identification of people and objects
|
||
Water - Water storage as above with Katadyn microfiltration
|
||
purifier and activated charcoal filters
|
||
Food - one or two MREs for everybody, with additional foods for
|
||
special requirements
|
||
Sanitation - 2 or 3 plastic hassock style portapotties,
|
||
3 - 5 gal. portable sinks, 2 "solar" showers
|
||
Heat/cooling - all of the above with a small stove or immersion
|
||
heater for heating water. A kerosene lamp can also be used
|
||
to heat water.
|
||
Medical - all medical supplies to cover a large number of minor
|
||
problems, plus a kit that would be useful for a General
|
||
Practitioner M.D.
|
||
Communication - 1 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV band, 1 - 40 channel SSB CB
|
||
Safety - sidearm locked in "gunsafe" with safety bullets ASSUMING
|
||
several of the faculty and staff are trained to use it in a
|
||
proper safe and legal manner.
|
||
|
||
|
||
VERY WELL BUDGETED, U.S.A. STYLE SURVIVALIST'S PREPARATIONS
|
||
|
||
Shelter - Standard "Fighting Chance" style blast/fallout/
|
||
bio-chem war shelter consisting of below ground
|
||
cylindrical steel tank outfitted with hammocks for all
|
||
occupants and air blowers with purifiers.
|
||
Light - Protected deep-discharge battery operated fluorescent
|
||
lights for the shelter, with portable fluorescents and
|
||
Mag-Lite with 20 year cells
|
||
Water - Shelter would be equipped with a well for cooling,
|
||
sanitation and drinking.
|
||
Food - For short-term, MREs, MR8s and freeze dried. For long
|
||
term year-long, Morman 4, Kearney Diet or Morman 4 + 40.
|
||
Sanitation - Each shelter equipped with chemical toilet and
|
||
pump to a holding tank buried outside shelter.
|
||
Heat/cooling - The shelter air and water systems can control
|
||
any heating or cooling needs.
|
||
Medical - as above plus a kit that would be useful for the
|
||
highest qualified M.D./parent in their various fields of
|
||
medicine.
|
||
LEVELS OF PREPAREDNESS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
VERY WELL BUDGETED (Con.)
|
||
|
||
Communication - as above plus protected from lightning and EMP
|
||
with antennas for maximum range and clarity, plus phones
|
||
between shelters
|
||
Safety - sidearm with shotshells for rodents, snakes and other
|
||
short range (5 to 20 feet) problems plus a longarm for
|
||
dogs, skunks and other problems which need to be removed
|
||
at a longer range (20 - 100 feet). Both properly stored
|
||
in a locked safe with safety ammunition.
|
||
|
||
FIRST CLASS PREPAREDNESS, TYPICAL SWISS GRADE SCHOOL
|
||
|
||
Shelter - Standard Swiss below ground blast/fallout/chem-biowar
|
||
shelter consisting of below ground reinforced concrete
|
||
rooms with bunks for all occupants with wartime air
|
||
handling system. See appendix #2 for details. As an
|
||
alternative, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's 3,400 SQ.
|
||
FT. Blast-upgradable Hazard-resistant Earth Sheltered
|
||
Residence could be easily modified for a totally
|
||
underground use at a savings of 20%.
|
||
Light - protected fluorescent lights run from generator or deep
|
||
discharge batteries plus all of the above portable lights
|
||
Water - A well as per Technical Directive 1966 2-7 which can
|
||
provide 100 grams water per hour per shelter space.
|
||
Food - Nestles Corp. Uberlebens Nahrung (survival rations)
|
||
Sanitation - A well and a septic system
|
||
Heat/cooling - standard Swiss blowers and filters for dust,
|
||
radioactivity, chemical and biological warfare
|
||
air-bornes, blankets on all of the bunks
|
||
Medical - Standard "First Aid Post" (also known as a Protected
|
||
Practice) with 32 beds for triage and first aid with
|
||
supplies, or "First Aid Station" with 120 to 140 beds or
|
||
bunks with an operating table for triage, first aid, and
|
||
final treatment of lightly wounded patients
|
||
Communication - EMP hardened radios, separate units for AM, FM,
|
||
TV, Emergency channels, SSB CB, HAM and shortwave
|
||
Safety - "All facilities can operate for several days
|
||
independent from the outer world." - OUR CIVIL DEFENSE p.16,
|
||
plus a standard soldier's kit of full-auto military rifle,
|
||
helmet, backpack, etc. for all males. See Appendix #2 for
|
||
additional information.
|
||
|
||
ADDITIONAL ITEMS FOR PREPAREDNESS - Detached building for
|
||
supplies, chainsaw, kerosene lights and perhaps a heater,
|
||
military ammo boxes or PVC tubes for storing supplies
|
||
WELL THAT'S REAL NICE.........................HOW MUCH?!?
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
These prices should be considered low estimates as shipping
|
||
will have to be added to items not available locally. See
|
||
appendix #3 for details.
|
||
|
||
|
||
CURRENT LEVEL OF PREPAREDNESS
|
||
|
||
Shelter - $0.00
|
||
Light - 0.00
|
||
Water - 0.00
|
||
Food - 0.00
|
||
Sanitation - 0.00
|
||
Heat/cooling - 0.00
|
||
Medical - 0.00
|
||
Communication - 0.00
|
||
Safety - 0.00
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $0.00 PER PUPIL WORTH $0.00
|
||
|
||
Remember: You get what you pay for! TANSTAAFL
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
SHOE-STRING, MAKE DO, JURY RIGGED
|
||
|
||
Shelter - $20 some plastic sheeting and rope
|
||
Light - $92 12 good flashlights & cells, $33 for cheap ones
|
||
Water - $20 1 iodine purifier, 2 - 5 gallon containers
|
||
Food - $5 a bag of hard candy
|
||
Sani. - $10 2 box style toilets with paper
|
||
Heat/cool - $10 2 heat packs, 3 cold packs
|
||
Medical -$100 various
|
||
Communi. - $10 portable AM/FM with alkaline batteries
|
||
Safety - $30 3 small units of Cap-Stun for $30 or
|
||
in bulk for 26 various sizes for $144
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $238-411 PER PUPIL WORTH $1.22 - $2.11
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
HOW MUCH?!?(con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
MINIMAL BUDGET
|
||
|
||
Shelter - $120 tarps instead of plastic sheeting
|
||
Light - $480 24 good flashlights, 2 fluor. & 20 yr cells
|
||
Water - $40 more water storage
|
||
Food - $120 a bigger bag of candy and 24 MREs
|
||
Sani. - $70 5 box toilets and paper, 1 solar sink & soap
|
||
Heat/cool - $92 cold & heat packs,10 each, 24 space blankets
|
||
Medical - $200 various
|
||
Communi. - $104 another radio and better batteries
|
||
Safety - $144 26 units purchased wholesale
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $1,370 PER PUPIL WORTH $7.02
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
MODERATE BUDGET
|
||
|
||
Shelter - $300 used army tent with poles and stakes
|
||
Light - $550 33 good FL's,4 fluor.,20 yr cells & 12 cyalumes
|
||
Water - $110 more purifiers & storage, acti. charcoal filter
|
||
Food - #350 100 MREs
|
||
Sani. - $92 3 box toilets, 2 sinks, 1 shower
|
||
Heat/cool- $364 20 each cold & heat packs, 36 blankets & 24 bags
|
||
Medical - $400 various
|
||
Communi. - $156 another radio for the audio portion of TV VHF
|
||
Safety - $268 26 Cap-Stuns + a signal flare gun with 4 flares
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $2,590 PER PUPIL WORTH $13.29
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
WELL BUDGETED
|
||
|
||
Shelter - $500 a used military tent
|
||
Light - $826 as above plus 12 Mag-Lites and 24 cyalumes
|
||
Water - $300 as above plus microfiltration unit
|
||
Food - $800 250 MREs plus a few freeze dried meals
|
||
Sani. - $424 3 toilets, 3 sinks,2 showers, 10-5 gal bags
|
||
Heat/cool- $425 above + kerosene lantern or immersion heater
|
||
Medical -$1000 various
|
||
Communi. - $350 as above plus one 40 chan. SSB CB
|
||
Safety - $600 as above plus a sidearm with gunsafe
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $5,225 PER PUPIL WORTH $26.80
|
||
|
||
HOW MUCH?!?(con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
VERY WELL BUDGETED, USA SURVIVALIST STYLE
|
||
(see EQUIPMENT OPTIONS for details)
|
||
Shelter - $75,000
|
||
Light - $1,500
|
||
Water - $2,000
|
||
Food - $10,000 3,500 MREs, OR 1 year of Morman 4 $62,500
|
||
Sani. - $3,000
|
||
Heat/cool - $5,000
|
||
Medical - $5,000
|
||
Communi. - $3,000 as above plus EMP protectors, ant.& tower
|
||
Safety - $1,500 as above plus longarm and safe for longarm
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $106,000 PER PUPIL WORTH $543.59
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
FIRST CLASS PREPAREDNESS
|
||
(see EQUIPMENT OPTIONS & Appendix #2 for details)
|
||
Shelter -$200,000
|
||
Light - $5,000
|
||
Water - $4,000
|
||
Food - $80,000 1 yr. of Kearney diet + freeze dried foods
|
||
Sani. - $6,000
|
||
Heat/cool - $10,000
|
||
Medical - $20,000 estimate is probably too low
|
||
Communi. - $7,000
|
||
Safety - $5,000
|
||
|
||
TOTAL $337,000 PER PUPIL WORTH $1,728.21
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
PERSONAL PREPAREDNESS PACK FOR THE 33 FACULTY AND STAFF
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
If the staff and faculty are expected to care for our
|
||
children during the first phase of an emergency, we parents
|
||
should, at least, provide materials for the care of the faculty
|
||
and staff.
|
||
In order for normal school functions to resume as soon as
|
||
possible, it is in our best interests to minimize the effects of
|
||
an emergency on the home lives of the faculty and staff. It is
|
||
fairly unlikely that staff and faculty members are personally
|
||
prepared for a major quake. It would be advantageous to develop
|
||
emergency packs for them. Stored at the school, these packs
|
||
would be taken by the faculty and staff when they return home.
|
||
For faculty and staff who live far away, volunteer parents
|
||
should arrange temporary housing until normal transportation
|
||
becomes available.
|
||
The following would be in the pack the 33 faculty and
|
||
staff would carry home with them.
|
||
They represent a strictly MINIMUM kit to be upgraded and
|
||
expanded as time and funds permit. A few upgrade items are
|
||
listed in ().
|
||
|
||
Crystalline iodine water purification kit
|
||
Trash sack for expedient poncho (heavy duty military poncho)
|
||
Trash sack to carry all items in (backpack - medium ALICE, no frame)
|
||
How to live without utilities book NUCLEAR WAR SURVIVAL SKILLS
|
||
Aluminized mylar sleeping bag
|
||
Aluminized mylar 5 gallon water container
|
||
Box/bag/disinfectant for expedient toilet
|
||
Zip-lock bag, large for large items
|
||
Zip-lock bag, small for small items
|
||
1 MRE (2, 3 or more)
|
||
Flashlight with batteries & spare bulb (Mag-lite with 20 year cells)
|
||
Matches, water resistant (lifeboat matches)
|
||
Candle
|
||
Trioxane cooking fuel tabs
|
||
|
||
For a minimal kit TOTAL $1,980 $60 per kit
|
||
|
||
For partially upgraded kit TOTAL $3,894 $118 per kit
|
||
|
||
For a more thorough look at emergency kits, review the
|
||
various kits available from Preparedness Products Inc. and The
|
||
Emergency Lifeline Inc. Also, various survivalist recommended
|
||
backpacks lists and lists of home survival suppllies are
|
||
available from Ken Seger.
|
||
|
||
|
||
RETROFITTING THE EXISTING BUILDINGS
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
RETROFITTING THE BUILDING'S CONTENTS
|
||
|
||
Many small modifications can be made that will reduce
|
||
injury and property loss for a small expenditure of time and
|
||
material. The best way to accomplish minor retrofits would be
|
||
to examine all rooms, hallways, closets and storage areas and
|
||
consider what would happen if there was a sudden horizontal or
|
||
vertical acceleration.
|
||
For each area an inventory sheet should be made with two
|
||
main categories: physical injury and property loss. Each of these
|
||
categories having a major threat and minor threat division. For
|
||
example, under major injury: the need to secure tall, top-heavy
|
||
bookcases, filing cabinets that could cause injury on impact, or
|
||
water heaters, kilns or kitchen equipment that could generate a
|
||
fire or explosion. Under minor threat: the need to secure frames
|
||
that have glass or computer printers. Under major property: the
|
||
need to secure computer equipment, copiers, video equipment,
|
||
heating and cooling devices, etc. Under minor property: the need
|
||
to secure records, and other breakables.
|
||
While Mr. Yokley most certainly has the ability to effect
|
||
these improvements, having the time to implement them, in
|
||
addition to normal services within normal working hours, is
|
||
unlikely. His terms of employment could be expanded if he is
|
||
willing and finances are available, or a task force of moms and
|
||
dads handy with tools could come in on scheduled weekends.
|
||
|
||
RETROFITTING THE BUILDINGS THEMSELVES
|
||
|
||
Both the necessity and the feasibility of major retrofits
|
||
on the structures need to be studied by a qualified engineer or
|
||
architect. Carmen Johnson has lists of publications that might
|
||
aid this activity. If one of the Rossman parents is qualified
|
||
for this activity, and is willing to waive their fee, the school
|
||
should purchase any needed materials and reimburse expenses.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
RECOMMENDATIONS
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
If Rossman parents, faculty and staff were typical people,
|
||
the results of viewing this information would be, "Yup that's a
|
||
good idea. Somebody should do some of that stuff sometime.", and
|
||
that would be the end of it. We would continue at our current
|
||
state of unpreparedness.
|
||
Rossman people are not typical people. Otherwise, Rossman
|
||
would not be the unique quality institution that it is.
|
||
I am certain that all of us would like to see the children
|
||
of Rossman have the same chance of surviving an emergency that a
|
||
Swiss child has. Unfortunately our society does not place as
|
||
great an emphasis on safety as the Swiss do. If we did, this
|
||
report would be unnecessary.
|
||
Unlike the Swiss, we can not expect funding from either the
|
||
Federal, State, county or city government. Like everything else
|
||
at Rossman, if we want it done, we need to do it ourselves.
|
||
While manhours and funds can, and will, be made available
|
||
for preparedness, their amount is not unlimited. Therefore, we
|
||
should first put our time and money into items that will make the
|
||
greatest amount of difference. This would be the area of medical
|
||
preparedness.
|
||
While food and shelter are quite important, a child can die
|
||
from a sucking chest wound or cut blood vessel much faster than
|
||
they can from hypothermia or starvation. After the possible
|
||
critical injury needs have been prepared for, attention should be
|
||
paid to items that can afford the greatest amount of safety for
|
||
the least amount of time and money. This would be shelter from
|
||
the elements.
|
||
After this need has been at least minimally prepared for,
|
||
the remaining topics can be covered as time and money permit.
|
||
Please note that much of the equipment can provide great utility
|
||
at very low cost. Example, portable lighting items for each staff
|
||
member will cost at minimum over $100, whereas sanitation
|
||
requirements for human waste can be dealt with for less than $30.
|
||
A wildcard that can frustrate preparedness planning is the
|
||
arrival of additional people not considered part of the original
|
||
plan. This problem has two aspects. First, while it is hoped
|
||
"more hands make lighter work", those hands are attached to a
|
||
body that needs food, water, sanitation, shelter, and perhaps,
|
||
medical attention. Second, the additional individuals will not
|
||
have taken part in the preparedness training. This places an
|
||
added burden on managers to maintain control and perform
|
||
expedient training during the emergency.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
RECOMMENDATIONS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Since the individuals are outside of the system, their sense
|
||
of willingness and ability to follow orders may be less than
|
||
ideal if not outright disruptive. Care should be taken not to
|
||
offend others who desire shelter as they may be ideal candidates
|
||
for various tasks that one does not want to employ the trained
|
||
staff and faculty on, such as, menial tasks, scouting, heavy
|
||
labor, etc.
|
||
Discrete inquires should be made to nearby populations such
|
||
as Lucky Lane and Missouri Baptist College to determine their
|
||
level of planning. If their attitude towards preparedness
|
||
planning is positive, then a possibility of combining resources
|
||
and purchasing power would be very advantageous to all parties.
|
||
If their attitude towards preparedness is negative, pains should
|
||
be taken to denote the limited scope of Rossman resources.
|
||
The illustrated degrees of preparedness, are meant to
|
||
demonstrate the different levels of preparedness available.
|
||
Sticking to one level on all topics cannot be assumed to be the
|
||
most effective use of money. Depending on varying opinions as
|
||
to the degree of need in each area, different topics can be
|
||
prepared for at different levels.
|
||
As stated in the overview, these notes are merely a
|
||
framework for discussion. Cost estimates of different levels
|
||
should be used like a menu for a 7 person dinner at a Chinese
|
||
restaurant. Choose one appetizer, one soup, several entrees
|
||
and one dessert. The mix of preparedness levels will be
|
||
determined by the perceived degree of need.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
After this information folder has been presented to Mrs.
|
||
Betz, and she has had time to read and digest the material
|
||
herein, a demonstration of the various survival supplies and
|
||
kits may be necessary so she will have a clearer idea of the
|
||
concepts involved. From thereon Mrs. Betz can determine the best
|
||
course of action.
|
||
Some suggested courses of actions might be: duplicating this
|
||
folder for the Board of Directors, arranging a demonstration of
|
||
survival supplies for the Board of Directors after they have had
|
||
the time to study this folder or requesting a smaller folder be
|
||
constructed for faculty, staff and parents.
|
||
It should be pointed out that this folder, with its glossary
|
||
and supply source list, is very useful as a source book for
|
||
individuals who wish to improve their home preparedness;
|
||
therefore, it is hoped that it will be distributed in its present
|
||
length.
|
||
|
||
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOLDERS
|
||
|
||
Ultimately, there are two sets of information folders that
|
||
may need to be created for the preparedness plan. One set for
|
||
information before a disaster and another for use during the
|
||
disaster.
|
||
|
||
Preparing for disaster: This set of folders should contain
|
||
informational checklists to help various people and groups
|
||
prepare to mitigate the effects of a disaster. Obvious targets
|
||
would be the various task force members, faculty and staff and
|
||
parents who wish to enhance their home preparedness level.
|
||
Each folder should include a bibliography of additional
|
||
information resources.
|
||
|
||
Executing preparedness plans: During a disaster, everybody's
|
||
adrenaline is up and people who could recite their disaster plans
|
||
backward and forward on a typical day are incapable of
|
||
remembering the priorities of their own plan under the extremely
|
||
stressful circumstances. Instead of a bulky folder that might be
|
||
misplaced or not carried along due to its size, a laminated 3"x5"
|
||
or larger card with the essentials printed on both sides might be
|
||
very helpful. This could be put in a glove compartment, taped to
|
||
the CB, etc.
|
||
A similar card, stating in simple terms how to use the
|
||
supplies, should be included in the preparedness supplies.
|
||
While it is tempting to use 8 point or smaller type face and
|
||
make the card an encyclopedic warehouse of information, it should
|
||
be remembered that the card is not intended to be used under
|
||
SUGGESTED ACTIONS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
ideal conditions, but under the worst possible conditions where
|
||
lost or broken eyeglasses or with a flashlight whose batteries
|
||
should have been replaced many months ago might be the case.
|
||
|
||
TASK FORCES
|
||
|
||
Since Parent's Club meetings already have a full agenda, a
|
||
separate evening meeting of parents who wish to become involved
|
||
in school disaster preparedness would probably be best. Those
|
||
parents who choose to come should be given this folder several
|
||
days before the meeting so topics can be covered more fully.
|
||
One of the more important aspects of that, and subsequent,
|
||
preparedness meetings, would be the creation and activation of
|
||
various parent task forces. These task forces would carry out
|
||
the needed activities to implement whatever level of preparedness
|
||
is desired. Below is a list of some of the possible task forces.
|
||
|
||
RETROFITTING - This could consist of several teams
|
||
depending on skills. One team could catalog retrofits
|
||
concerning the contents of the building. Another team
|
||
could implement the recommendations of the first. If
|
||
there are parent volunteers who have the training, a
|
||
study of the present building's seismic fragility could
|
||
be made. If not, this would have to be contracted out.
|
||
|
||
PURCHASING AGENTS - Most of the prices of preparedness
|
||
items are listed at retail. Very little price
|
||
reduction can be effected on items purchased in small
|
||
quantities. However, on items purchased in quantities
|
||
of one-half or one full gross, a sizable discount might
|
||
be available if purchased directly.
|
||
|
||
CB NETWORK - If the school purchases a 40 chan. SSB CB,
|
||
it would be helpful to have a network of parents who
|
||
have similar equipment. Ideally each node of the
|
||
network would be located a significant distance from
|
||
each other throughout the area of parents homes so that
|
||
each Rossman parent would know whom they could go
|
||
to for communication with the school. A primary,
|
||
secondary and tertiary channel should be for school to
|
||
parent communication. Another set of channels should
|
||
be established for parent to parent communication.
|
||
This might be especially needed if certain nodes have
|
||
difficulty communicating directly with the school.
|
||
|
||
|
||
SUGGESTED ACTIONS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
PORTABLE PHONE NETWORK- While the CB network would be
|
||
totally independent of utilities, there is a
|
||
possibility that car and handheld phone service might
|
||
either be uneffected or the first to be repaired.
|
||
This network would not be as reliable as the CB
|
||
network, but if it is available it would be of great
|
||
benifit.
|
||
|
||
KIT MAKERS - These people will create and assemble the
|
||
various kits.
|
||
|
||
TEMPORARY HOUSING - These would be volunteers who would
|
||
agree to house students, faculty, and staff who have
|
||
difficulty getting home after most others have left.
|
||
These might be considered way stations for traveling
|
||
home. These volunteers should have stored bedding,
|
||
water, food, sanitation and shelter for the number of
|
||
people they choose to house.
|
||
|
||
4WD OWNERS - Since transportaion might be quite a
|
||
problem if the quake is large enough, a volunteer group
|
||
of owners of 4 wheel drive vehicles with adequate
|
||
ground clearance should arrange an expanded carpool
|
||
based on the capability of their vehicle. One
|
||
possibility would be a shuttle service from school to
|
||
the way station houses to reduce the distance parents
|
||
without 4WD would have to go to pick up their children
|
||
should transportation be limited to 4WD in certain
|
||
areas. Establishing this emergency carpool would also
|
||
be a good idea if there were ever a blizzard-like storm
|
||
in which 2WD travel becomes difficult.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
SUGGESTED ACTIONS (con.)
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
FINANCING PREPAREDNESS
|
||
|
||
|
||
It should be very clearly stressed that financing for
|
||
preparedness be above and beyond normal school finances. It
|
||
simply won't work for a parent to say, "Well, this year I'll
|
||
give to the preparedness fund instead of annual giving."
|
||
This will not work. Annual giving supports the day to day
|
||
operation of the school. The endowment giving is strictly for
|
||
the endowment fund. Any donations to the preparedness fund
|
||
needs to be above and beyond normal giving patterns least the
|
||
rest of the school functions suffer.
|
||
The funds for preparedness should be considered similar to
|
||
a single premium insurance policy. Funds to purchase an item
|
||
that will need to be replaced in five years are similar to a
|
||
single premium 5 year term non-renewable policy. Funds for an
|
||
item that will last for decades would be like a single premium
|
||
paid life policy.
|
||
A PREPAREDNESS PLAN IS INSURANCE. If you are fortunate
|
||
enough not to have cause to use it, it was an unnecessary
|
||
purchase. But it is too late to purchase it after the need
|
||
arises. What you purchase is piece of mind. By having a
|
||
preparedness plan implemented, each parent knows they have
|
||
fulfilled their moral obligation to care for their child to the
|
||
best of their ability.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
CLOSING COMMENTS
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
This paper can not possibly convey all of the information
|
||
needed to create a preparedness system. There are many fine
|
||
texts available from various sources that the serious student
|
||
of preparedness should study. Demonstrations of survival products
|
||
are available from Ken Seger by appointment.
|
||
Ken Seger does not sell or have any economic interest in
|
||
any sales of survival supplies. While Ken Seger is a Certified
|
||
Survival Instructor for LIVE FREE, the material presented here,
|
||
or in any demonstrations, are strictly Ken Seger's personal
|
||
viewpoints and opinions and do not necessarily represent the
|
||
opinion of LIVE FREE INTERNATIONAL.
|
||
Ken Seger can be contacted at 763 Haw Thicket Lane, Des
|
||
Peres,Mo 63131 or (314)821-9147 (voice line).
|
||
|
||
Preparedness planning necessitates working around a big
|
||
"Catch 22". If the quake is small, the extensive preparations
|
||
are not needed. Utilities are all intact, police, EMTs,
|
||
hospitals, ambulances and other emergency services are all
|
||
there, but not needed. If the quake is large, no amount of
|
||
preparedness planning will be able to solve every single
|
||
problem. Utilities, police, EMTs, hospitals, ambulances and
|
||
other emergency services will all be desperately needed, but
|
||
unavailable.
|
||
Planning for the worst case, can lead to, what may be
|
||
considered, "overdoing it". If all disasters occurred under
|
||
ideal conditions, preparedness planning, and the attendant
|
||
expenses, would be greatly reduced. Real life situations rarely
|
||
have easy answers.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX #1
|
||
|
||
ON THE TOPIC OF NUCLEAR WAR
|
||
|
||
Why should books and videos on the subject of nuclear war
|
||
be included here?
|
||
1) A confidence building mechanism. If a teacher
|
||
acquires the knowledge and skills to survive a full
|
||
scale nuclear war, they then know that surviving a much
|
||
smaller catastrophe like a major earthquake is
|
||
certainly within their capabilities.
|
||
2) It focuses the mind on what is and (perhaps more
|
||
importantly) what is not needed for survival.
|
||
3) To put our activities in perspective. 1/4th of the
|
||
world's population has effective Civil Defense (the
|
||
U.S. does not). There do exist other cultures that are
|
||
willing to dedicate more manpower and money to
|
||
protecting their children than we do at present. When
|
||
comparing their preparations to the ones that we are
|
||
considering, our efforts are not that expensive or
|
||
extensive.
|
||
4) A realization that the topic of emergency
|
||
preparedness, if it is to cover one situation in a
|
||
thorough manner, must cover all aspects of emergencies.
|
||
To a large extent the techniques and research that are
|
||
helpful to earthquake preparedness stem from developing
|
||
the technology and skills to survive a nuclear war.
|
||
It is useful to know how a techinique evolved, rather
|
||
than to simply know the answer.
|
||
5) Thinking about a nuclear war is an excellent method
|
||
of making a checklist of needed skills and materials
|
||
for other disasters. By comparing the needs of
|
||
surviving a nuclear war with the needs of a lesser
|
||
emergency you can make more effective use of time and
|
||
material. There are many survivalists who have
|
||
absolutely no expectation of a nuclear war; however,
|
||
they prepare for one as a method of preparing for
|
||
future emergencies they do expect to occur. If you
|
||
are prepared for a nuclear war, you are prepared for
|
||
anything else that might happen.
|
||
6) If the estimates by the CIA do come true, and there
|
||
are 20 nations in the year 2000 that have
|
||
InterContinental Ballistic Missiles (in comparison to
|
||
the current 5), then this small, limited introduction
|
||
will be of assistance to any additional steps of
|
||
preparedness that may be chosen in the future.
|
||
APPENDIX #2
|
||
|
||
ADDITIONAL NOTES ON SWISS SHELTERS
|
||
|
||
The Swiss have the best all-hazards preparedness system in
|
||
the world, followed closely by the Scandinavian countries, USSR,
|
||
Red China, and Israel.
|
||
Below are some specification extracted verbatim from
|
||
Federal Swiss law.
|
||
The shelter shall not exceed 5% of total building cost,
|
||
excluding the purchase of ground (as per Swiss Federal Law
|
||
BUILDING MEASURES FOR CIVIL DEFENSE dated 4 October, 1963 Article
|
||
8 - 1) with the Federal government providing 30-70% costs of
|
||
building and equipment (same law Article 5 - 1) with canton
|
||
(state) and community (city) assuming the remaining costs (same
|
||
law Article 6-1). Shelter spaces shall be 2/3rds the number of
|
||
seats in school as per Swiss Federal Department of Justice and
|
||
Police, Office of Civil Defense - Technical Directive for the
|
||
Construction of Private Air Raid Shelters 15 November 1966
|
||
Chapter 2.1.1.2 - upgraded to one space per person as per Report
|
||
of the Federal Council to Parliament on the 1971 Conception of
|
||
Civil Defense 11 August, 1971 Chapter 4.3.4 with one fully
|
||
protected space for each member of the nation by 1985/1990.
|
||
As per Technical Directives etc. 1966 there shall be per shelter
|
||
space - from 2.1.1.3 - 10.8 sq ft floor space, 88 cu ft volume,
|
||
10.8 sq ft per ventilator, 0.54 sq ft floor space for air lock,
|
||
0.76 sq ft for decontamination room - from 2.1.1.1.2 the shelter
|
||
shall be divided into gas tight cells each containing a maximum
|
||
of 50 people with a total capacity of 200 persons. Several
|
||
shelter groups may be situated next to or on top of each other
|
||
if decentralization is not possible - from 2.2.2.3 if shelter has
|
||
101-200 spaces separate decontamination and air rooms are
|
||
mandatory - from 2.2.3.1 for 101-200 place there shall be at
|
||
minimum 1 category I escapeway, 1 or 2 (depending on cell
|
||
configuration) category II escapeshaft(s) and 1 category IV
|
||
escapetube with all entrances, exits and ventilation openings
|
||
able to withstand 1 ATM <or 3 ATM> ie. a Hiroshima level of blast
|
||
(12KiloTon) at 0.4 mile <0.2 miles>, a 100 KiloTon blast at 0.8
|
||
miles <0.4 miles>, a 1 MegaTon blast at 1.6 miles <0.9 miles> or
|
||
10 MegaTon blast at 1.6 miles <0.9 miles>.
|
||
All laws and technical construction notes are available
|
||
from the Federal Office for Civil Defense, WRITTEN IN ENGLISH,
|
||
in Berne, Switzerland.
|
||
The inclusion of the above information is to put a small
|
||
earthquake preparedness plan into perspective as far as what
|
||
can and what can not be done.
|
||
Please note that the Swiss system is NOT just a theoretical
|
||
abstraction of what should be done. There are fallout shelters
|
||
for over 115% of the Swiss population and fallout/blast/biochem
|
||
shelters for 90+% of the Swiss population installed and
|
||
operational as of 1988.
|
||
APPENDIX #3
|
||
|
||
PRICES OF PREPAREDNESS SUPPLIES
|
||
|
||
(Please note; some of these prices might be out of date)
|
||
40 channel SSB CB - $160 with antenna and battery pack, Santa Fe
|
||
Distributing, 14400 West 97th Terrace, Lenexa,KS 66215
|
||
orders only 1-800-255-6595
|
||
45 ACP revolver & shotshells - used $150, refurbished $200, new
|
||
$300
|
||
Activated charcoal filter - depends on size and packaging
|
||
$30-60, SI
|
||
Aluminized mylar blanket - Ie."space blanket" $3 from Cabela's,
|
||
812-13th Ave., Sidney,NE 69160 orders only 1-800-237-4444
|
||
Aluminized mylar sleeping bag - Ie. "space" bag $9 Cabela's
|
||
AM/FM radio - small unit that runs on AA or C cells $5-10 any
|
||
discount store larger units that run on D cells have better
|
||
sound since they have considerably larger loudspeakers, $40
|
||
AM/FM radio, solar/generator powered - $30 from Preparedness
|
||
Products
|
||
AM/FM/TV radio - as above with TV audio band $20-30
|
||
Ammo cans, military - smalls $3-10, larges $15-50, many stores
|
||
Audiotape, How to Survive a Major Earthquake, 32 min. $5.00 The
|
||
Emergency Lifeline,1514 E. Edinger, Suite 1, Santa Ana,CA
|
||
92705 (714)558-8940
|
||
Book, Emergency/survival Handbook by the American Outdoor Safety
|
||
League, $3.45 from Preparedness Products, 3855 South 500
|
||
West, Bldg. G, Salt Lake City,UT 84115 (801)261-8823
|
||
Book, The Preparedness Handbook $2.40 from Preparedness Products
|
||
Book, Reader's Digest First Aid Book $1.25 from Prepared. Prod.
|
||
Book, Earthquake Preparedness $4.00 from The Emergency Lifeline
|
||
Brinkman (imitation Mag-Lite) (3 D cells) Wal-Mart $18
|
||
Cap-stun - $10-25 in 5 different sizes, Phoenix Systems Inc
|
||
P.O. Box 3339, Evergreen,CO 80439 for individual sales,
|
||
Guardian Security Products Dept.SH-3 8350 North 7th Street,
|
||
Phoenix,AZ 85020 for $144 26 unit package
|
||
Cyalume sticks - 12 hour 10/$10 from Sierra Supply P.O.Box 1390,
|
||
Durango,CO 81302, $2.50 other sources
|
||
D cells standard - Wal-Mart $3/8 cells
|
||
D cells alkaline - Wal-Mart $5/6 cells
|
||
D cells 20 year - $228/96 cells The Emergency Lifeline, 1425
|
||
Culver Drive, Suite A-474, Irvine,CA 92714 (714)558-8940
|
||
EMP protector - $35 Kootenai Radio & Energy, best prices in USA, Box 215,
|
||
Kootenai, Idaho 83840 Also has solar panels and radios.
|
||
Flare gun - $80, shells $11 from Phoenix Systems Inc.
|
||
Flashlight, incandescent, plastic, cheap - Any dept.store $2
|
||
Flashlight, incandescent, plastic, good quality - Any store $6
|
||
Fluorescent lantern - Wal-Mart Ray-O-Vac $20
|
||
Gas valve shut-off wrench, domestic $5.29 from Preparededness
|
||
Products or $8.50 from Emergency Lifeline
|
||
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX #3 (con.)
|
||
|
||
Generator flashlight - $7 from S.I. Outdoor, Food, &
|
||
Equipment, P.O.Box 3796, Gardena,CA 90247 orders
|
||
1-800-533-7415, questions (213)324-8855 or 324-8859
|
||
Gunsafe, suitable for storing sidearms, $70 at most gun stores
|
||
Gunsafe, suitable for longarms, $150 at gun stores,
|
||
$110 on sale at BEST Store
|
||
Hassock style portapotty - $40 from SI
|
||
Immersion heater - used $25 from Bob Lewis Army Surplus
|
||
or new $80 Graingers
|
||
Instant cold pack - Walgreens $2 on sale
|
||
Instant hot pack - $7.95/6 Cabela's, or $2 at Walgreens
|
||
Iodine generator - crystalline "Polar Pure" $8.49 Indiana Camp
|
||
Supply, P.O.Box 211, Hobart,IN 46342 (21)947-2525
|
||
***This item could be produced for $2 each in lots of 50***
|
||
Katadyn water filter - $180 (1987 price sheet) Kootenai Radio &
|
||
Energy Systems Box 215 Kootenai,Idaho 83840 (they sell US
|
||
distributor direct and are the least expensive source in
|
||
the US for many radio, solar, & survival supplies)
|
||
Kearney Diet - See Nuclear War Survival Skills, approx. $250 for
|
||
adult/year depending on type of packing (a discount from
|
||
30-70% for large quantities)
|
||
Krypton bulb - $3 for standard or alkaline batteries, $6 for
|
||
ni-cads, (per pair) Spartan Supply box 310 Hixson,TN 37343
|
||
1-800-251-3904
|
||
Mace - common non-lethal temporary anti-personal spray $15/unit
|
||
Maglite (3 D cells) - Wal-Mart $20, Spartan Supply $16
|
||
Matches, water resistant - 96 boxes/$20 BW trading,box 692,
|
||
Newark,OH 43055
|
||
Matches, life boat - 25 matches per vial, 5 vials/$10, Brigade
|
||
Quartermasters, 1025 Cobb International Blvd., Kennesaw,
|
||
GA 30144-4300 orders 1-800-228-7344, (BQ never has the
|
||
lowest price, but in MANY cases they have quality equipment
|
||
that can be found no where else)
|
||
Metal garbage can - Builder's Square $9, or other hardware store
|
||
Morman 4 - approx. $200 for adult/yr.(discount on large orders)
|
||
Morman 4 + 40 - approx. $300 per adult/year (ditto)
|
||
MRE - 50/$150 from Sierra Supply, Box 1390, Durango,CO 81302
|
||
MR8 - 50/$130 from Brigade Quartermasters
|
||
Nuclear War Survival Skills $10.95 each, or $80.00 for 10, plus
|
||
postage (10%) Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine,
|
||
P.O.Box 1279, Cave Junction,OR (503)592-4142
|
||
Oak Ridge Laboratory Hazard-mitigating house plans - 1,200,
|
||
1,400, or 3,400 sq ft set of blueprints $25 from TACDA The
|
||
American Civil Defense Association Box 1057 Starke,FL 32091
|
||
(904)964-5397 phone, (904)964-9641 FAX
|
||
Plastic, 5 mil, Rolls - various sizes, $10-30, any hardware store
|
||
Portable sink - $30 Cabela's or Preparedness Products
|
||
PVC - Any plumbing supply store, price is relative to diameter
|
||
Rope, polyester - 50ft. 3/16" (#6) $4 any good hardware store
|
||
APPENDIX #3 (con.)
|
||
|
||
"solar" shower - $17 Cabela's
|
||
"space blanket" - See Aluminized mylar
|
||
"space" sleeping bag - See Aluminized mylar
|
||
Tarp, polyethylene - 5'x7' $3, 6'x8' $4, 8'x'10' $7, 8'x12' $8,
|
||
10'x12' $10, 10'x18' $15, 10'x30' $24, 12'x18' $18,
|
||
14'x24' $27, 15'x 30' $36, 20'x20' $32 20x40' $64, 26'x 40'
|
||
$84, 40'x40' $128, 50'x50' $200 Pool Surplus P.O.Box 370
|
||
Benton,AR 72015
|
||
Tarpurethane, coated nylon, double seams, triple folded sides -
|
||
5'x7' $18, 7'x9' $25, 8'x10' $32 Indiana Camp Supply
|
||
Tents, used with no poles or tent stakes - 12' x 15' $200, 17'
|
||
octagonal $250, 16' x 32' $350, 18' x 50' $500 Bob Lewis
|
||
Army Surplus, Rt. 19, Box 162, Lebanon,MO 65536
|
||
(417)532-9657 9 miles south on Highway 5
|
||
Tents, new with poles & floor, no stakes - 12' x 14' $635,
|
||
16' x 18' $1.015 B&B Gun Sales, Rt. 2, Box 244,
|
||
Groesbeck,TX 76642 (817)729-2631, other sizes too.
|
||
Trioxane fuel tabs - $1.50 a box, discount for larger orders
|
||
Infinity Self-Reliance Center, Box 382, Columbia,MO 65205
|
||
Uberlebens Nahrung - not available in the USA
|
||
Videotape, Fast Food Storage, - $7.00 from Preparedness Products
|
||
Videotape, Nuclear War Survival Skills- 1-4 371 minutes $30
|
||
each or set for $95 Oregon Institute of Science and
|
||
Medicine, Box 1279, Cave Junction, OR 97523
|
||
Videotape, Practical Preparedness - 64 minutes $30 from TACDA
|
||
Videotape, Soviet Civil Defense 1-7 - 624 minutes - $30 each,
|
||
set of 7 for $145 Available from and 1989 Copywright by
|
||
OREGON INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE P.O.Box 1279,
|
||
Cave Junction, Oregon 97523 (503)592-4142
|
||
Water bag, 5 gal with tap, box, human waste bag and disinfectant
|
||
- 5 for $29 Preparedness Products 80 So. Redwood Road -
|
||
Suite 215, North Salt Lake City Utah 84054 (801)292-3481
|
||
292-3483
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
APPENDIX #4
|
||
|
||
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RESOURCES
|
||
|
||
BBSs (computerized "Bulletin Board System" accessible via
|
||
and computer, modem, and phone line)
|
||
Literally thousands of pages of additional information are
|
||
available at no charge by calling with computer/modem, KEN'S
|
||
SURVIVALISTS' BBS 300/1200/2400 bps 24 hours per day, 7 days per
|
||
week (except for maintenance routines) at (314)821-2815. All
|
||
brands of computers are welcome with adjustable characters per
|
||
line and lines per page or continuous readout for all monitors.
|
||
All text files can be "TYPE"d with adjustable line length or
|
||
downloaded with any of eight different protocols (seven with
|
||
intelligent error correcting).
|
||
ExecuNet is a BBS service, prices start at $25/yr, in
|
||
Illinois which has most of the files found on Ken's
|
||
Survivalists' plus other files of interest to survivalists.
|
||
Many of ExecuNet's additional files can be found on Ken's
|
||
Survivalists' under the <N>ews area under ExecuNet Files.
|
||
Please check with ExecuNet for latest listing. is a full
|
||
service system with 6 simultaneous phone line abilities at
|
||
(618)397-4569, via P.C. Pursuit long distance service at
|
||
(618)451-5074, and in St. Louis, MO at (314) 772-9409.
|
||
|
||
MAGAZINES & NEWSLETTERS
|
||
|
||
Here are some newslettersand magazines of interest to
|
||
survivalists.
|
||
DIRECTIONS - monthly newsletter of LIVE FREE, $15.00
|
||
per year,$200 lifetime - 12/yr. Box 1743 Harvey,IL 60426
|
||
LIVE FREE is Jim Jones's organization and has been around for
|
||
over 25 years. Articles cover all areas, mostly member
|
||
submitted ,emphasis is on do it yourself and small group.
|
||
Once you are a member you can also purchase the LIVE FREE papers
|
||
and booklets. LIVE FREE sponsors many seminars and
|
||
get-to-gethers every year.
|
||
SELF RELIANCE GROUP - monthly newsletter, $10/yr 1355 N.
|
||
McCarran Reno,NV 89512, mostly reprints from ASG, and other
|
||
sources.
|
||
THE LIGHT SPECTRUM - $18/6 issues/yr. Box 215 Kootenai,
|
||
Idaho 83840 THE SOURCE for info on solar panels and
|
||
communications
|
||
SURVIVAL TOMORROW - $48/12 issues/yr. p.o.box 910 Merlin,OR
|
||
97532 Homestead and do it your self oriented. Very good.
|
||
USEFUL INFORMATION - $20/6 issues Box 3132 West Palm Beach,
|
||
FL 33402 Excellent, from woodsman, civil defense advocate David
|
||
Lobdell. Also sells booklets How to build a 20 person permanent
|
||
concrete fallout shelter for under $2,000. - $6, and How to live
|
||
through a nuclear war - $16
|
||
APPENDIX #4 (con.)
|
||
|
||
FIGHTING CHANCE - $60/12 issues/yr. Box 1279 Cave Junction,
|
||
OR 97523 Emphasis on steel-walled blast shelters.
|
||
AMERICAN SURVIVAL GUIDE (ASG) - $22/12 - $39/24, 12 issues
|
||
per yr. McMullen Publishing, P.O.Box 15690, Santa Ana,CA
|
||
92705-0690 Large magazine covering all areas, tends to cater
|
||
favorably to advertisers in its product review.
|
||
JOURNAL OF CIVIL DEFENSE - $18/yr. $34/2 yrs. 6 issues/yr.
|
||
Box 1057 Starke, FL 32091 THE AMERICAN CIVIL DEFENSE
|
||
ASSOCIATION's (TACDA) bi-monthly magazine. THE civil defense
|
||
advocate magazine! Sells blueprints for shelters and banked
|
||
earth houses.
|
||
THE TACDA ALERT - $8/6 issues/yr. TACDA's newsletter. You
|
||
can get both newsletter and magazine with $35/yr membership.
|
||
AUSTRALASIAN SURVIVOR - $18(US$)/4 issues/yr Box 11,
|
||
Dickson A.C.T. 2602 Australia Emphasis on on free enterprise,
|
||
tool making, black smithing, hand built milling machines, etc.
|
||
SPECIAL REPORT SERVICE - $49(US$) Periodic reports from
|
||
Bruce Silbey on various civil defense topics. Available from
|
||
JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL CIVIL DEFENSE, 11 Newport Creent,
|
||
Waddington, Lincolnshire, LN5 9LZ, England. His excellent book
|
||
SURVIVING DOOMSDAY is available from here at $15 US.
|
||
|
||
Back issues of now defunct newsletters
|
||
Duncan Long's newsletters - last 12 issues $1.50 each -
|
||
available from LIVE FREE
|
||
Practical Civil Defense - Bruce Silbey's old magazine.
|
||
$63(US$ ppd.) for all three years VERY authoritative! Excellent
|
||
resource for nuclear war preparedness. (see SPECIAL REPORT
|
||
SERVICE for address)
|
||
Personal Survival Letter - Mel Tappan's old newsletter
|
||
available from SI Box 3796,Gardena,CA 90247
|
||
Foresight - Dick Oster's old newsletter available from
|
||
LIVE FREE via Ken Sarabok.
|
||
There are many other survivalist newsletters but these are the most
|
||
widely read.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Survivalist Pledge
|
||
|
||
To help all that can be helped,
|
||
To defend all that can be defended,
|
||
To save all that can be saved,
|
||
To free all that seek freedom,
|
||
To stay alive as long as I can and stay free as long as I live.
|
||
|
||
from LIVE FREE INTERNATIONAL
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
40 channel SSB CB - Citizen's Band radio (no licensing
|
||
requirements) with 40 channels in AM, 40 channels in Upper
|
||
side band, and 40 channels in Lower side band.
|
||
Conventional CBs have just the 40 AM channels, which will
|
||
probably be clogged in an emergency.
|
||
purchased and registered by an individual. Even with
|
||
conventional ammo a pistol is only useful as a short range
|
||
weapon. The use of shotshell converts the pistol into what
|
||
amounts to a short range .410 shotgun and is ideal for
|
||
rodent, snake, and small animal control. A shotgun is
|
||
unwieldy and bulky. The shotshell is also powerful enough
|
||
to be useful in controlling criminals.
|
||
Activated charcoal filter - water filter to remove chemically
|
||
reactive pollutants and is most effective if the water has
|
||
first passed through filter paper to reduce turbidity.
|
||
Aluminized mylar blanket Ie."space blanket" - Extremely compact
|
||
and lightweight (though very noisy) mylar sheet that has
|
||
been coated with an aluminum film which will reflect 80% of
|
||
body heat, will not allow wind to pass through.
|
||
Aluminized mylar sleeping bag Ie. "space" sleeping bag -
|
||
same as above but in the size and shape of a sleeping bag
|
||
instead of a flat sheet.
|
||
AM/FM radio - It would be nice if radio selection could be
|
||
limited to units that either use D cells or for which
|
||
external D cell adaptors could be made. This would reduce
|
||
the need to inventory different battery sizes and also
|
||
extend the number of hours of use of the unit before
|
||
battery replacement is needed. Unfortunately most D cell
|
||
portable radios are large and expensive. An excellent
|
||
alternative is an AM/FM radio that has self contained solar
|
||
cells, hand powered generator, and integral nickel cadmium
|
||
batteries.
|
||
AM/FM/TV radio - As above but can receive the voice portion of
|
||
VHF TV
|
||
Ammo cans, military - heavy, durable, air and watertight steel
|
||
or plastic boxes of all sizes and shapes. Useful for
|
||
storing all manner of items.
|
||
Audiotape, How to Survive a Major Earthquake, 32 minutes - a
|
||
good introduction to the topic of earthquake preparedness
|
||
Brinkman (imitation Mag-Lite) - My experience with flashlights
|
||
that look like Mag-Lites but are a few dollars cheaper has
|
||
been a disaster. A waste of money.
|
||
Cap-stun - the best of many brands of non-lethal debilitating
|
||
aerosol
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)
|
||
|
||
Cyalume sticks - a photochemical light source which, while not
|
||
very bright, produce no heat or sparks during operation or
|
||
activation and are totally waterproof in storage,
|
||
activation, and use. Completely soft plastic with no sharp
|
||
or hard edges and can't generate sparks by being bumped
|
||
against other materials. Handy eyelet for attachment.
|
||
There are 12 hour versions that are fair for 2-3 hours and
|
||
dim, but bright enough for identifiers for the remaining
|
||
time. There are 1 hour or 30 minute versions where a
|
||
brighter light is needed for a short time. Available in
|
||
red, green, blue, yellow, and white.
|
||
D cells standard - normal carbon zinc batteries. Cheap, but
|
||
prone to leakage need to be rotated every few years.
|
||
D cells alkaline - alkaline battery. Cost more but less likely
|
||
to leak and have a five year 80% charge life.
|
||
D cells 20 year - a cell in which the chemical components are
|
||
isolated from each other until the cap is twisted. When
|
||
activated, voltage & power is similar to a standard D cell.
|
||
D cell nickel-cadmium - popular rechargeable battery. Only puts
|
||
out 1.2 volts per cell (normal carbon-zinc or alkalines
|
||
produce 1.5 volts). Must be recharged frequently. Acquires
|
||
a charge limit if not fully charged after full or partial
|
||
discharge which can only be normalized by full discharge
|
||
and full recharge. Has a very sharp discharge slope. Ie.
|
||
when it starts let a light go dim, it goes out quickly
|
||
whereas other cells will continue to keep the light dim
|
||
for a long time.
|
||
EMP - ElectroMagnetic Pulse - multifrequency radio wave capable
|
||
of burning out solid state electronic components such as
|
||
microchips and transistors. EMP is caused by nuclear
|
||
explosions. If the nuclear explosion is inside the
|
||
atmosphere, the EMP range is very small. If the explosion
|
||
is outside the atmosphere, the radiation strikes the
|
||
atmosphere and can create the EMP wave thousands of miles
|
||
from the explosion. One well placed explosion in orbit
|
||
above Omaha could knock out all semiconductors from L.A.
|
||
to N.Y. This would cause a greater loss of life and
|
||
property damage than a bomb going off in a single city and
|
||
might be the next terrorist threat in the 21st century.
|
||
EMP will be picked up by any item that can act like an
|
||
antenna and conduct the EMP burst to equipment. An EMP
|
||
protector must be installed in series with the antenna or
|
||
power cord or phone line of any radio, computer or other
|
||
solid state device which might operate in a nuclear war
|
||
environment. Lightning protectors are not useful against
|
||
EMP as the rise time of EMP is MUCH faster than a
|
||
lightning pulse.
|
||
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)
|
||
|
||
Flare gun, shoots 26.5 mm NATO flares, 350' elevation, 6 sec.
|
||
burn time
|
||
Flashligh, incandescent, plastic, cheap - assume 10% will break
|
||
during use
|
||
Flashlight, incandescent, plastic, good quality - more durable,
|
||
better lantern, battery operated which is much better than
|
||
flashlights since they produce a greater quantity of light
|
||
with less glare and better distribution than an
|
||
incandescent at a lower drain rate on the batteries
|
||
Gas valve shutoff wrench - a wrench specially designed to turn
|
||
off gas valves in emergencies that will not cause dangerous
|
||
sparks and will not corrode if attached to the gas valve by
|
||
rope to the gas valve or located near the gas valve under
|
||
shrubbery if vandalism is likely, see Rope.
|
||
Generator flashlight - you squeeze a lever which turns a
|
||
dynamo, you have to keep pumping for light, they are cheap
|
||
and will wear out under heavy or careless use, unless you
|
||
can find a military model
|
||
Gunsafe, suitable for storing sidearms, opens with adjustable
|
||
push button code approx 4"x8"x12" and useful for storing
|
||
various items
|
||
Gunsafe, suitable for longarms, opens with tubular key
|
||
approx 1.5'x1'x4' and useful for storing all sorts of items
|
||
Hassock style portapotty - plastic drum with conventional
|
||
toilet seat, more comfortable than box type but costs 5
|
||
times as much, can be used for storing supplies when not
|
||
in use
|
||
Immersion heater - kerosene powered water heater which is put
|
||
inside metal garbage can, heats a lot of water very
|
||
quickly to boiling
|
||
Instant cold pack - chemical pack that becomes cold upon
|
||
activation
|
||
Instant hot pack - many styles, most are single use either
|
||
continuous or can be put in air tight bag and "paused",
|
||
costly ($20) style can be recharged
|
||
Iodine generator, crystalline - this consists of a small glass
|
||
bottle with a lid the iodine won't dissolve, called a
|
||
generator since you use it to create a saturated solution
|
||
of iodine/water you add to a quart of water, under normal
|
||
temperatures it will sterilize the water in 20 minutes.
|
||
Katadyn water filter - based on a ceramic microfiltration core
|
||
that is so fine no living organism is small enough to pass
|
||
through including giardia
|
||
Kearney Diet - the Morman 4 plus beans for better amino acid
|
||
balance in proteins and a source of oil for essential fatty
|
||
acids both of which is lacking in the Morman 4
|
||
Krypton bulb - produces a much brighter light than a standard
|
||
incandescent bulb, use the krypton unit and save the normal
|
||
flashlight bulb for a spare
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)
|
||
|
||
Mace, or tear gas - traditional non-lethal non-permanent
|
||
anti-personnel aerosols, there are better systems now
|
||
available for the same price
|
||
Maglite flashlights (available in 2 AAA, 2 AA, 2,3,4,5,6,7 C,
|
||
2,3,4,5,6 D cells) are made of machined aluminum and are
|
||
more reliable and durable than plastic flashlights though
|
||
they are more expensive. The focus of the light beam is
|
||
adjustable from spot to flood. While they are advertised
|
||
as waterproof, I would not trust them to be explosion proof.
|
||
Matches, water resistant - should work if damp, but not wet.
|
||
They need a special striker surface to light in any case.
|
||
Matches, life boat - basically a heavy duty friction match
|
||
dipped in a burnable varnish, when wet will light on any
|
||
rough surface.
|
||
Metal garbage can - suitable for use with immersion heater
|
||
which would melt the bottom out of a plastic garbage can
|
||
Morman 4 - survival rations developed by the Morman church of
|
||
Latter Day Saints designed for economy and long shelf life,
|
||
consists of wheat, sugar, salt, and dried milk.
|
||
Morman 4 + 40 - the Morman 4 plus 40 rotated canned goods for
|
||
improved taste and variety
|
||
MRE - Meal Ready to Eat, retort packaged meal containing a full
|
||
balanced meal for combat soldier, outer bag contains
|
||
separate retorts of entree, crackers, cheese, jelly, candy,
|
||
cocoa mix, and fruit depending on pack. All packs contain
|
||
accessory pack of toilet paper, pepper, salt, chewing gum,
|
||
spoon. Can be stored up to ten years under ideal
|
||
temperatures.
|
||
MR8 - NATO approved compact ration bar containing minimum daily
|
||
diet requirements. Neutral tasting, it can be eaten with
|
||
or without water or heating. It can be made into a drink or
|
||
crumbled over other foods. Each pack contains four
|
||
individually packed two part portion with 1040 calories. The
|
||
all vegtable source contains added sugar. Protein 15.1%,
|
||
Fats 14.9%, Carbo. 64.1%, Moisture 4.5%, Minerals 1.4%
|
||
Nuclear War Survival Skills book, 1987 version 282 pages with
|
||
index - While the main point of this book is to teach you
|
||
what to do before, during and after a nuclear war to
|
||
survive, it is a great source of information on how to live
|
||
without utilities for extended periods of time. Unlike
|
||
other survivalist books, the use and purchase of
|
||
specialized survival equipment is not covered, instead, it
|
||
illustrates how to create that special equipment from
|
||
readily available common household items.
|
||
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Hazard-mitigating house - a series
|
||
of blueprints for constructing 1,200 sg ft.,1,400 sq.ft, and
|
||
3,400 sq.ft. underground houses that can be converted to
|
||
blast/fallout shelters with sandbags and railroad ties.
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)
|
||
|
||
Plastic, 5 mil, Rolls - can be used to create tents, see
|
||
Nuclear War Survival Skills book for proper technique
|
||
Portable sink - black plastic 5 gal. water container that is a
|
||
sink, stoppered drain, and pump faucet, being black it will
|
||
heat up water if left in the sun.
|
||
PVC - PolyVinyl Chloride pipe used in plumbing. Available in
|
||
1", 2", 3", 4", 6", 8". Can be cut with a hacksaw to any
|
||
length desired. Glue a cap on one end and a screw base on
|
||
the other. Coat threads with thread sealant, screw in cap
|
||
and you have a wonderful lightweight, rust proof,
|
||
non-corroding, air and water tight container, that will
|
||
last for decades, for storing survival goods either above
|
||
or below ground.
|
||
Rope, polyester - The best rope to use to secure your emergency
|
||
gas wrench to your gas valve. Unlike manila or sisal rope
|
||
it won't rot when left wet,and it is less degraded by
|
||
sunlight that nylon or polypropylene ("poly") rope. Rope is
|
||
preferred over metal chain as metal chain could create a
|
||
spark. Be certain to leave plenty of slack in the rope to
|
||
maneuver the wrench. Storing the wrench in the basement is
|
||
a bad idea because it may be inaccessible when needed.
|
||
Securing the rope is advised if theft is likely. To reduce
|
||
theft, melting instead of tying a knot is advised.
|
||
"solar" shower - 2.5 or 5 gallon bag that is insulated on one
|
||
side with foam and reflective barrier and clear on the
|
||
other side. It will heat water if left in the sun. Top
|
||
has loops and rod for hanging from tree branch and bottom
|
||
has hose, valve, and shower head
|
||
"space blanket" - See Aluminized mylar
|
||
"space" sleeping bag - See Aluminized mylar
|
||
TANSTAAFL - There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch!
|
||
Tarps - poor man's tents running the gamut from worthless to
|
||
Hurculean
|
||
Tents - Used patched surplus Military tents are the best buy.
|
||
You get twice the quality at 1/2 the price of new tents.
|
||
They ARE heavy, but very good.
|
||
Trioxane fuel tabs - easy to light, burn very hot, compact,
|
||
smokeless fuel for heating rations
|
||
Uberlebens Nahrung - Food powder formulated by Nestles for
|
||
Swiss Civil Defense System. Used for a beverage base,
|
||
soup, gruel, or paste.
|
||
Videotape, Nuclear War Survival Skills 1-4 - While most of
|
||
these tapes cover topics more appropriate for nuclear war
|
||
or nuclear power accidents, they do cover a lot of
|
||
information on how to live without utilities.
|
||
Tape 1: Expedient Blast and Radiation Shelters (102 minutes)
|
||
Tape 2: Shelter Ventilation and Various Other Survival
|
||
Skills (78 minutes)
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)p
|
||
|
||
Videotape, Nuclear War Survival Skills 1-4 (con.)
|
||
|
||
Tpae 3: Home-makeable and Commercial Fallout Radiation
|
||
Meters (117 minutes)
|
||
Tape 4: Nuclear War Facts as Told to Teenagers (74 minutes)
|
||
Videotape, Practical Preparedness - This is an EXCELLENT tape
|
||
as it covers all aspects of what a home owner can do to
|
||
live through a disaster situation in safety and comfort.
|
||
If you view only one tape, make it this one. Total time
|
||
64:00, Mains topics are heat, shelter, sanitation, food,
|
||
water.
|
||
Videotape, Soviet Civil Defense 1-7 - These tapes show the
|
||
very extensive training and preparations being made by a
|
||
culture that has a very low standard of living but devotes
|
||
2% of its Gross National Product to Civil Defense. It not
|
||
only teaches survival skills but also is useful when
|
||
comparing how the USSR, the Scandinavian Countries, Red
|
||
China, Switzerland, Israel, and the USA treat preparation
|
||
for disaster.
|
||
Here is what is on the back cover of the tapes:
|
||
"Civil defense in the Soviet Union is a $6 BILLION per year
|
||
defense effort with 150,000 PAID PROFESSIONAL and 20
|
||
MILLION VOLUNTEERS working to prepare Soviet citizens for
|
||
civil defense procedures including the use of their $200
|
||
BILLION CIVIL DEFENSE SHELTER SYSTEM. Little known in the
|
||
West, Soviet civil defense constitutes an entire branch of
|
||
the Soviet military and an important part of Soviet
|
||
education with mandatory civil defense courses beginning
|
||
in the 5th grade.
|
||
Now the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine, which
|
||
distributes extensive written, audio, and video tape
|
||
information on civil defense procedures and preparations,
|
||
has produced this definative seven video tape series on
|
||
Soviet Civil Defense. The tapes feature extensive
|
||
information from the leading American authority on Soviet
|
||
civil defense, Dr. Leon Goure, 15 actual Soviet civil
|
||
defense training filmstrips for adult training, and 2
|
||
filmstrips prepared for use in Soviet 5th grade classes.
|
||
With English translations in the soundtracks, these include:
|
||
1. Injury from Fallout Radiation Can Be Avoided
|
||
2. Actions in the Face of Nuclear Attack - The Main Point
|
||
is Not to Panic
|
||
3. The Shelter - A Dependable Means of Protection
|
||
4. What You Must Know About Nuclear Weapons
|
||
5. Learn How to Use Your Gas Mask
|
||
6. The Danger of Bacteriological Weapons
|
||
7. Blast Shelters, Fallout Shelters, and the Rules for
|
||
Using Them (5th grade)
|
||
|
||
GLOSSARY (con.)
|
||
|
||
8. Skillfully Respond to the Threat of Attack and to
|
||
Warning Signals (5th Grade)
|
||
9. Protecting Livestock
|
||
10. Dealing with Public Utility Emergencies
|
||
11. Fallout Shelters and How to Build Them
|
||
12. How to Counteract Chemical Contamination
|
||
13. Countering Pathogenic Bacteria
|
||
14. Fire Fighting
|
||
15. The Reception and Billeting of the Evacuating Population
|
||
16. If the Siren Sounds
|
||
17. After Departing the Area of Destruction
|
||
|
||
Tape 1: Introduction and Interview of Dr. Leon Goure (97 m)
|
||
Tape 2: Soviet Training Manuals, Books, & Journals -
|
||
Section 1 (86 minutes)
|
||
Tape 3: Journals - Section 2 and Soviet Training Film #1
|
||
(81 minutes)
|
||
Tape 5: Soviet Traing Films #7, 8, 9, 10, snd 11 (91 min)
|
||
Tape 6: Soviet Training Films #12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 (89 m)
|
||
Tape 7: Presentation by Dr. Leon Goure, Soviet Training
|
||
Film #17, and Soviet Civil Defense Posters (92 m)"
|
||
Water bag, 5 gal with tap, box, human waste bag and disinfectant
|
||
- 5 boxes that can be used for either storing, carrying,
|
||
and stacking water bags or for box toilets with human
|
||
waste bag and disinfectant. Water bag includes tap and is
|
||
made from aluminized mylar, which unlike other plastic
|
||
water containers, is totally opaque, to prevent internal
|
||
growth of bacteria, and gas impermeable so water will not
|
||
absorb surrounding chemicals, flavors or smells. Water
|
||
bag can hold 6 gallons when not in stacking box.
|
||
|