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File: THE BERLIN TUNNEL
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-			       The Berlin Tunnel			    -
=		   From The KGB (Chapter VII) by Don Lawson		    =
-		       Word Processed by BIOC Agent 003 		    -
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   At the end of World War II, Germany was divided into occupation zones by the
four victorious Allies:  the United States, Great Britain, France, and the
Soviet Union.  They also divided Berlin, prewar capital of Germany, into four
such zones.  The city was temporarily governed by an Allied Command Council, or
Kommandatura.

   From the beginning, Russia refused to cooperate with the other Allies and
soon withdrew from the Kommandatura.  It also began to demand that the other
Allies get out of Berlin.  This they refused to do, despite a#H@G'#¬FR@ð>0	ñ<>0
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   In a car with automatic transmission, switch the #1 and #8 wires on the
distributer cap.  This will allegedly allow the car to operate in Neutral and
Park, but the engine mysteriously dies in Drive.

   Castor Oil squirted into the tailpipe of a car, will cause a large amount of
smoke.	Just the thing to help nervous drivers.

   If you can get a bank account number for a person, truly wonderful things can
happen.  Depositing one penny every day can get the employees very pissed.

   It happens that given a few hundred wanted posters, one will look like you.
OR anybody else you can imagine.  Close anyway.  Think of all the bounty hunters
just waiting to claim their reward.

   Place an ad in a paper for Male Secretarys only.  $11 an hour, must be
physically attractive, gentle, and other related social traits.  This is for
anybody who has an office.  Give the time to show up one half hour before the
normal opening hour.  For example, if the office opens at 9:00, put the time to
be 8:30.  All these faggots will show up and start bitching at each other and
your loser.

   Run an ad in the local paper with the following message.  "I need all used
christmas trees.  Please leave them on my lawn, and I'll pay $5 for each one."
then leave the losers address.	The paper will take your $ and print the ad
without thinking.

   If you know the guy is going to throw a party, arrange for him to find out
that somebody was going to crash his party, dressed up like cops.  Then call the
cops telling them of a real rowdy party going on.

   If your college uses computers to handle admissions, try this.  Fill out
course withdrawl forms in the losers name.  Then enter them, they probably won't
check.	The guy will go the entire block unknowing, then when grades are posted.
"Where are mine?" "Why didn't I get grades?"

   Call your colleges administration, tell them you are the undertaker of your
losers hometown.  He just died, please take him off your records, recordstelligence became all but impossible.

   Many efforts were made to break this intelligence stalemate, but none were
successful.  Finally, the United States and Great Britain came up with an
ingenious idea:  to dig a huge tunnel between West and East Berlin.  This
tunnel was not planned as a secret passageway for American and British agents
to enter the Soviet sector.  Instead, it was to lead to points beneath certain
key Russian buildings in East Berlin -- KGB and GRU headquarters, among others.
At these points, the tunnel would be crammed full of sophisticated electronic
listening devices, which would pick up and record or transmit directly to
Anglo-American intelligence offices in West Berlin all conversations and
military telephone traffic in the Soviet zone.

			  Building the Berlin Tunnel

   With the greatest possible secrecy, this Allied espionage tunnel under the
city was excavated at a cost of more than $30 million.	Its entrance was deep
in West Berlin, and the tunnel led for two thousand yards deep into East
Berlin.  It was about fifteen feet underground, braced with steel supports, and
was high enough so that a six-feet-tall man could stand upright in it.

   Above the entrance to the tunnel in the American sector was a radar station.
Installing the radar station to camouflage the tunnel entrance was the idea of
the CIA's chief-of-station in Berlin, Willian K. Harvey.  Harvey also
supervised the construction of the tunnel and said afterward his biggest
problem was in figuring out ways of secretly hauling away the several thousand
tons of dirt dug out from beneath Berlin.  The dirt disposal problem was
finally solved by ordering major street repairs in the surrounding area and
using the road construction crews to load the dirt into their trucks and then
haul it away.

   One arm of the tunnel was dug to within a few feet of the main telephone
cable connecting the Soviet high command in East Berlin with Moscow.  Other
nearby cables connected the Soviet general staff, Russian embassy, and KGB and
GRU headquarters with all of the Russian military units in East Germany.  Each
of these cables contained numerous telephone lines.  In all, there were almost
five hundred separate telephone lines readily accessible to American and
British intelligence operators once the tunnel was completed.  U.S. Army
techinicians tapped into these Russian telephone lines and set up several
hundred tape recorders to monitor and record all diplomatic, military, and
intelligence conversations among all of the Russian installations in East
Germany and between East Berlin and Moscow.

   For almost a year, American and British intellignece had a field day reaping
a harvest of secret information from their telephone taps in the Berlin tunnel.
Among other things, they learned the Russian order of battle, or the location
of every Red military unit in East Germany.  Even more valuable was learning
the identities of numberous KGB and GRU agents.

		      Double Agent George Blake

   Then the listening post was discovered.  Or rather, it was revealed to the
Russians -- not by any of their intelligence agents in East Berlin, but by a
double agent, a member of the British Military Intelligence, Department 6
(MI-6), who was actually a Soviet spy.

   The double agent's name was George Blake.  George Blake was probably the
last man in the British intelligence service anyone would have suspected of
treason.  This, of course, was what made him so valuable to the KGB.

   Happily married, the father of two young boys, Blake had worked for the MI-6
for many years.  Although Blake was a British citizen, he was not British by
birth.	He was born in Holland and christened George Behar.

   Young Behar was in his teens when the Germans invaded Holland in 1940 early
in World War II.  His family escaped to England, but George remained behind to
fight against the Germans as a member of the Dutch secret underground army.  As
a resistance fighter, George had contact with British intellignce agents
operating in Europe.  One of these agents urged George to go to London, where
he could give much valuable information about the Germans to British
intelligence and also help train other prospective agents.  Reluctantly, George
agreed to do so.

   In London, George himself underwent further training and was eventually
assigned to British Naval Intelligence.  An extremely bright yound man, George
studied foreing languages in his spare time.  After the war, he remained in
naval intelligence and he and the other members of his family who were in
England changed their name to Blake.

   During the immediate postwar period, George Blake was married to an English
girl, and took his wife with him when he was assigned to Hamburg, Germany, in
the office of naval intelligence.  By 1948 George's superior officers thought
so much of his abilities that they recommended he be sent to Cambridge
University in England to study Russian.  Actually, he had never had more than
the equivalent of a high school education.  Before he received a degree at
Cambridge, however, he was assigned to the British Foreign Service as an
intelligence agent.  His first assignment was to the British embassy in Seoul,
South Korea.  He was on duty there in 1950 when Communist North Korea attacked
South Korea.  Before the members of the British legation could leave, Seoul was
overrun by North Korean troops and George Blake was one of those taken
prisoner.  Fortunately, his wife and two infant sons had remained behind in
England when George had been assigned the Korean post.

   A certain amount of mystery still surrounds George Blake's time as a
prisoner of the North Koreans.	Numberous fellow prisoners later reported
that he was a hero, standing up bravely before his captors, refusing to obey
their orders, aiding fellow prisoners when they were ill or suffering from
beatings by the enemy, even helping to plan and take part in several
unsuccessful escape efforts.

		       Blake Becomes A Red Agent

   But George Blake himself later confessed it was in North Korea that he
defected from British intelligence and bacame a double agent for Communist
Russia.

   The instrument used to convert Blake to the Communist cause was probably a
remarkable Soviet agent named Gregory Kuzmitch.  Kuzmitch spoke English
fluently and had an outstanding record for "turning" both British and American
agents into Russian agents.  He was sent to prisoner-of-war camps along the
Yalu River in North Korea to try and continue his successful conversion efforts
there.

   At this time there was a great deal of talk and speculation in the world
press about the "brainwashing" of captives held by the Communists in North
Korean prisoner-of-war camps.  A number of thses prisoners were Americans.  The
United States had provided the majority of combat troops when the United
Nations had agreed to armed resistance against the North Korean attack.  These
American troops successfully stemmed the North Koreans and finally drove them
out of South Korea.  But American casualties were heavy, including thousands
who were taken prisoner.

   Nobody seemed to know exactly what "brainwashing" consited of, but its
effects were to rid prisoners of their beliefs in and loyalties to their
native countries and turn them into Communists.  After the war, returning POWs
reported that they had been starved, tortured, and then given lectures on
communism.  Some soldiers apparently accepted the Communist teachings to avoid
further torture and mistreatment.  But they only remained "brainwashed" until
the war ended.	Actually, only a handful of Americans and British ever truly
gave up their beliefs in a democratic and free way of life to join the
Communist cause, but apparently one of those who did was George Blake.

   Kuzmitch realized he has a potentially valuable double agent of his hands in
George Blake, if he could turn him from the British.  Kuzmitch did not resort
to torture or other crude methods.  This very fact may have influenced Blake.
The fact that he was a POW for three years may also have affected his judgment.

   Kuzmitch saw to it that Blake was taken off regular POW work details,
provided him with extra rations, and then through mental persuasion began to
convert him to communism.  Kuzmitch was wise in the ways of Western society and
spoke to Blake long and frequently about the unfairness of the class system in
Great Britain, the downtrodden poor throughout the capitalistic Western world,
and the injustice of United Nations forces being in Korea.  In the end, George
Blake agreed to become a double agent, but he insited he would not accept any
payment from Russia for his spy work.

   Ironically, Kuzmitch defected to the United States at the end of the Korean
War and was a valuable source to the CIA about the Soviet intelligence system.
Kuzmitch always insisted he had little or nothing to do with Blake's becoming
a double agent.  In fact, he never mentioned Blake's name until years later.

			  A Hero's Welcome

   Blake returned to England as something of a hero when the Korean War
armistice was signed in 1953.  He was give several months' leave for rest and
recuperation and then went to work for British MI-6.  He held down a desk job
evaluation British agents' reports from the field.  Many of these reports, as
well as other secret papers, he photographed and turned over to a KGB agent in
London.

   In 1955, Blake was himself assigned to duty in the field.  His post:
Berlin.  Here he successfully continued his spy work for several years, turning
over all manner of intelligence information to Soviet KGB agents in East
Berlin.  To make sure his British superiors remained satisfied with Blake's
work, the Russians provided him with various harmless but apparently valuable
Soviet documents that he could give to the British.  The most valuable and most
damaging information Balke provide the KGB were the names of dozens of
intelligence agents working for American and British intelligence.  The betryal
of these agents in most cases led to their deaths.  Some fifty of them were
even put on display at a public "show trial" in Moscow before being sentenced.

   When the Berlin tunnel was first built, Blake did not know about it.  In
fact, it was successfully operated for many months before Blake suspected its
existence.  Information gained from the tunnel's telephone taps was simply
turned over to American and British intelligence headquarters with no
indication as to its source.  This was done, of course, to keep the existence
of the tunnel a secret by keeping all information about it on an absolute "need
to know" basis.

   But Blake was an excellent agent, and soon after intelligence information
gained from the tunnel telephone taps began to appear on his MI-6 desk, he
became curious about its source.  He became doubly curious when his Russian
contacts began to query him about serious intelligence leaks that were ocurring
in Soviet command headquarters.  Discreetly, Blake questioned his British
superiors about the source of the excellent Russian intelligence he was
receiving.  He needed to judge its accuracy, he said, so he could plan his own
spy activities.  It took Blake almost a year, but finally he was included among
the short list of MI-6 member who "needed to know" about the tunnel.

   When Blake was finally let in on the secret, he did not immediately turn
this information over to his KGB contact in East Berlin.  Instead, he told him
he wanted a special "eyes only" report sent to the head of the KGB
"disinformation" desk at Karlshorst, East Germany.  Through his Soviet
contacts, Blake knew that a Disinformation Department had recently been
established in Moscow under General Ivan Ivanovich Agayants.  Agayants in turn
had sent fifteen Soviet disinformation specialists to Germany.	It was the job
of these specialists to feed false intelligence information to the West, but
this information had to appear to be absolutely authentic.

		     Disinformation Fed to Allies

   Blak%'s s rewd d$e proved to be as successful for the Russians as the nine
months of undiscovered telephone taps had been for the United States and Great
Britain.  Instead of simply exposing the tunnel for all the world to see, the
Soviet KGB specialists at Karlshorst began feeding vast quantities of false
information, or "disinformation," into a wide variety of telephone
conversations.	This the Russians also did on their own "need to know" basis,
so they were able to keep secret their own awareness of the tunnel and use it
for their own purposes for many months.

   When CIA and MI-6 agents finally realized that the tunnel was no longer a
secret, they abruptly abandoned it, leaving behind all the equipment.  Once
they decided to move out, they had to move fast so none of their personnel
would be captured.  Immediately, the Russians went public with their discovery,
exposing its presence to journalists from around the world.  This exposure
proved to be a major propoganda success for the Soviet Union, since it proved
that East Berlin residents were the victims of Western espionage.  Photographs
of the interior of the tunnel with all its electric gear in place were printed
in newspapers throughout the world.

   George Blake's role in disclosing the existence of the tunnel to the KGB was
not immediately discovered by the British.  In fact, his successful career as a
Russian mole in the MI-6 went on for some time.  His work in Berlin was so
highly regarded by the British that he was allowed to return home for a long
vacation.  Then he worked for some time in MI-6 headquarters, until he was sent
to the Middle East as one of a small group of foreign office students chosen to
study at an Arabic university in Lebanon.  The foreign office thought that
adding Arabic to his knowledge of languages would help Blake become a valuable
aide in the troubled Middle East.

			  Blake's Cover Is Blown

   But while Blake was in the Middle East, his past began to catch up with him.
In West Berlin, a man named Horst Eitner was arrested as a spy by Allied
intelligence.  In prison in West Berlin, Eitner named several British
intelligence agents who were working as double agents for the KGB.  One of
those he named was George Blake.

   Despite the fact that nobody in the MI-6 in Berlin could believe Eitner's
accusation against Blake, the report was turned over to British
counterintelligence.  Counterintelligence investigators, many of whom knew
Blake, did not press their search into his past, since they were convinced
Eitner was simply accusing everybody in sight to save his own skin.

   But then a Communist member of the Polish secret police, a man named Anthony
Alster, defected to British intelligence officers in West Germany.  In his
debriefing by MI-6 agents, he named Blake as one of the most successful double
agents the Russiand had working for them.  Alster even turned over to the
British severl reports filled with secret British information which had been
supplied by Blake.

   The rest happened quickly.  George Blake was recalled from the Middle East
an confronted with the accusations against him.  Blake soon made a full
confession of all his activities as a double agent.  Shortly afterwards, he was
brought to trial for having committed offenses against the British Official
Secrets Act.  He was quickly found guilty and sentenced to forty-two years in
prison.

   But the saga of George Blake was not yet over.  He began to serve his
sentence at Wormwood Scrubs Prison in London.  He proved to be a model
prisoner.  In prison he made friends with another inmate, Sean Bourke, Bourke
was serving a short term as a member of the Irish Republican Army, a
revolutionary organization opposed to British rule in Ireland.	Bourke had been
found guilty of mailing a bomb to a British police station.  Blake and Bourke
soon began to make plans to escape.

   From the first weeks that Blake was imprisoned, there were constant rumors
that the Soviets were going to try and free him.  Consequently, and extremely
close watch was kept on him.  (Apparently, however, his mail was not censored.)
This close watch prevented Blake and Bourke from actually putting any escape
plans into action.  But Bourke was relased in 1966, and before he left prison
he told Blake he and his IRA friends would help Blake to freedom.  Bourke was
not successful in enlisting his friends, so he planned the escape himself.

   Bourke rented a room in a house near the prison and hired a car.  He wrote
and told Blake to ba near the wall in the prison yard at a certain hour on
October 22, 1966.  Bourke knew this was the time when prisoners were allowed
into the yard for exercise.  At that precise time, Bourke worte, he would throw
a rope ladder over the wall and Blake was to climb it.	Then he would have to
jump from the top of the wall to freedom.

			    The Escape

   The escape went exactly as planned.	Bourke drove up in his car at the
agreed-upon time, threw the ladder over the wall, and Blake climbed it.  In
jumping from the wall, Blake was briefly knocked unconscious, but Bourke
dragged him into the car and drove to his nearby rooming house.  Once they were
there, he was able to help the now fully conscious Blake to his room and then
Bourke left to dispose of the car in a distant part of the city.

   Bourke and Blake lay holed up in their secret room for several days.  Then
they were contacted by Soviet agents, with whom Blake had kept in touch while
he was in prison.  These agents smuggled both Bourke and Blake out of London
and onto a Soviet freighter.  Bourke had agreed to go with Blake to Russia
because he knew the British police would learn of his role in helping Blake
escape and return him to prison.

   But Bourke only remained in Moscow for two years, returning to Ireland in
1968.  The British government was unsuccessful in getting Bourke extradited
from Ireland and back to England.

   In Moscow, Blake was greeted as a hero.  Awarded one of the Soviet Union's
highest honors, the Order of Lenin, his exploits for Russia were also widely
publicized in the Russian press.

   Why Blake defected to the KGB has never been fully understood by Western
intelligence experts.  But he was not the first British agent to do so -- nor,
unfortunately, would he be the last.  <>

[Courtesy of Sherwood Forest ][ -- (914) 359-1517]

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