226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
226 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
GUINEA
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 245,860 km2; land area: 245,860 km2
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Comparative area: slightly smaller than Oregon
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Land boundaries: 3,399 km total; Guinea-Bissau 386 km, Ivory Coast
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610 km, Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km
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Coastline: 320 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season
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(June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to
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May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
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Terrain: generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous
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interior
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Natural resources: bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium,
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hydropower, fish
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Land use: arable land 6%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and
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pastures 12%; forest and woodland 42%; other 40%; includes irrigated
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NEGL%
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Environment: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility
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during dry season; deforestation
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PEOPLE
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Population: 7,455,850 (July 1991), growth rate 2.5% (1991)
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Birth rate: 47 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 21 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 144 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 41 years male, 45 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 6.0 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Guinean(s); adjective--Guinean
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Ethnic divisions: Fulani 35%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, small
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indigenous tribes 15%
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Religion: Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7%
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Language: French (official); each tribe has its own language
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Literacy: 24% (male 35%, female 13%) age 15 and over can
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read and write (1990 est.)
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Labor force: 2,400,000 (1983); agriculture 82.0%, industry and
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commerce 11.0%, services 5.4%; 88,112 civil servants (1987); 52% of
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population of working age (1985)
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Organized labor: virtually 100% of wage earners loosely affiliated
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with the National Confederation of Guinean Workers
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: Republic of Guinea
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Type: republic
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Capital: Conakry
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Administrative divisions: 29 administrative regions (regions
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administratives, singular--region administrative); Beyla, Boffa,
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Boke, Conakry, Dabola, Dalaba, Dinguiraye, Dubreka, Faranah,
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Forecariah, Fria, Gaoual, Gueckedou, Kankan, Kerouane, Kindia,
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Kissidougou, Koundara, Kouroussa, Labe, Macenta, Mali, Mamou,
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Nzerekore, Pita, Siguiri, Telimele, Tougue, Yomou
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Independence: 2 October 1958 (from France; formerly French Guinea)
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Constitution: 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
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Legal system: based on French civil law system, customary law,
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and decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted
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compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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National holiday: Anniversary of the Second Republic, 3 April
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(1984)
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Executive branch: president, Transitional Committee for National
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Recovery (Comite Transitionale de Redressement National or CTRN)
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replaced the Military Committee for National Recovery (Comite
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Militaire de Redressement National or CMRN); Council of Ministers
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(cabinet)
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Legislative branch: People's National Assembly (Assemblee
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Nationale Populaire) was dissolved after the 3 April 1984 coup
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Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel)
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Leaders:
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Chief of State and Head of Government--Gen. Lansana CONTE (since
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5 April 1984)
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Political parties and leaders: none; following the 3 April 1984
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coup all political activity was banned
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Suffrage: none
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Elections: none
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Communists: no Communist party, although there are some
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sympathizers
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Member of: ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEAO (observer), ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ,
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G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
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IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN,
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UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador (vacant); Chancery at
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2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 483-9420;
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US--Ambassador Dane F. SMITH, Jr.; Embassy at 2nd Boulevard and 9th
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Avenue, Conakry (mailing address is B. P. 603, Conakry); telephone (224)
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44-15-20 through 24
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Flag: three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and
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green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the
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flag of Rwanda which has a large black letter R centered in the
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yellow band
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ECONOMY
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Overview: Although possessing many natural resources and
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considerable potential for agricultural development, Guinea is one of the
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poorest countries in the world. The agricultural sector contributes about
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40% to GDP and employs more than 80% of the work force, while industry
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accounts for 27% of GDP. Guinea possesses over 25% of theworld's
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bauxite reserves; exports of bauxite and alumina accounted for
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about 70% of total exports in 1989.
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GDP: $2.7 billion, per capita $380; real growth rate 4.4%
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(1989 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): 28.2% (1989 est.)
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Unemployment rate: NA%
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Budget: revenues $394 million; expenditures $548 million, including
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capital expenditures of $254 million (1989 est.)
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Exports: $645 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);
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commodities--alumina, bauxite, diamonds, coffee, pineapples,
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bananas, palm kernels;
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partners--US 33%, EC 33%, USSR and Eastern Europe 20%, Canada
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Imports: $551 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.);
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commodities--petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport
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equipment, foodstuffs, textiles and other grain;
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partners--US 16%, France, Brazil
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External debt: $2.6 billion (1990 est.)
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Industrial production: growth rate NA%; accounts for 27% of GDP
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Electricity: 113,000 kW capacity; 300 million kWh produced,
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40 kWh per capita (1989)
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Industries: bauxite mining, alumina, gold, diamond mining,
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light manufacturing and agricultural processing industries
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Agriculture: accounts for 40% of GDP (includes fishing and
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forestry); mostly subsistence farming; principal products--rice, coffee,
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pineapples, palm kernels, cassava, bananas, sweet potatoes, timber;
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livestock--cattle, sheep and goats; not self-sufficient in food grains
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Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $227
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million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
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(1970-87), $1,075 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $120 million;
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Communist countries (1970-88), $446 million
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Currency: Guinean franc (plural--francs);
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1 Guinean franc (FG) = 100 centimes
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Exchange rates: Guinean francs (FG) per US$1--24.39 (1989),
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19.23 (1988), 17.54 (1987), 14.29 (1986), NA (1985)
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Fiscal year: calendar year
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Railroads: 1,045 km; 806 km 1.000-meter gauge, 239 km 1.435-meter
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standard gauge
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Highways: 30,100 km total; 1,145 km paved, 12,955 km gravel or
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laterite (of which barely 4,500 km are currently all-weather roads),
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16,000 km unimproved earth (1987)
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Inland waterways: 1,295 km navigable by shallow-draft native craft
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Ports: Conakry, Kamsar
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Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft
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Airports: 16 total, 16 usable; 5 with permanent-surface runways;
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none with runways over 3,659 m; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m;
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10 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: fair system of open-wire lines, small
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radiocommunication stations, and new radio relay system; 10,000
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telephones; stations--3 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV; 12,000 TV sets; 125,000 radio
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receivers; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: Army, Navy (acts primarily as a coast guard), Air Force,
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Republican Guard, paramilitary National Gendarmerie, Surete Nationale
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Manpower availability: males 15-49, 1,695,832; 853,593 fit for
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military service
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Defense expenditures: $27 million, 1.2% of GDP (1988)
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