986 lines
51 KiB
Plaintext
986 lines
51 KiB
Plaintext
The Phreaker's Glossary
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1XB - No.1 Crossbar system. See XBAR for more information.
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2600 - A hack/phreak oriented newsletter that periodically was
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released and still is being released. See Phile 1.6 for more information on
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the magazine and ordering.
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4XB - No.4 Crossbar system. See XBAR for more information.
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5XB - No.5 Crossbar system. The primary end office switch of Bell
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since the 60's and still in wide use. See XBAR for more detail.
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700 Services - These services are reserved as an advanced forwarding
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system, where the forwarding is advanced to a user-programed location which
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could be changed by the user.
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800 Exceptional Calling Report - System set up by ESS that will log
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any caller that excessively dials 800 numbers or directory assistance. See
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ESS for more information.
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800 Services - Also known as WATS. These services often contain WATS
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extenders which, when used with a code, may be used to call LD. Many LD
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companies use these services because they are toll-free to customers. Most
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800 extenders are considered dangerous because most have the ability to
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trace.
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900 Services - Numbers in the 900 SAC usually are used as special
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services, such as TV polls and such. These usually are $.50 for the first
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minute and $.35 for each additional minute. Dial (900)555-1212 to find out
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what the 900 services currently have to offer.
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950 - A nationwide access exchange in most areas. Many LD companies
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have extenders located somewhere on this exchange; however, all services on
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this exchange are considered dangerous due to the fact that they ALL have
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the ability to trace. Most 950 services have crystal clear connections.
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ACCS - Automated Calling Card Service. The typical 0+NPA+Nxx+xxxx
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method of inputting calling cards and then you input the calling card via
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touch tones. This would not be possible without ACTS.
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ACD - Automatic Call Distributor.
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ACD Testing Mode - Automatic Call Distributor Test Mode. This level of
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phreaking can be obtained by pressing the "D" key down after calling DA.
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This can only be done in areas that have the ACD. The ACD Testing Mode is
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characterized by a pulsing dial tone. From here, you can get one side of a
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loop by dialing 6, the other side is 7. You may also be able to REMOB a
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line. All possibilities of the ACD Test have not been experimented with.
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See silver box for more details.
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ACTS - Automated Coin Toll Service. This is a computer system that
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automates phortress fone service by listening for red box tones and takes
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appropriate action. It is this service that is commonly heard saying, "Two
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dollars please. Please deposit two dollars for the next three minutes."
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Also, if you talk for more than three minutes and then hang up, ACTS will
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call back and demand your money. ACTS is also responsible for ACCS.
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Alliance - A teleconferencing system that is apart from AT&T which
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allows the general public to access and use its conferencing equipment. The
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equipment allows group conversations with members participating from
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throughout the United States. The fone number to Alliance generally follows
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the format of 0-700-456-x00x depending on the location the call originates
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from and is not accessible direct by all cities/states.
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AMA - Automated Message Accounting. Similar to the CAMA system; see
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CAMA for more info.
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analog - As used for a word or data transmission, a continuously
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varying electrical signal in the shape of a wave.
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ANI - Automatic Number Identification - This is the system you can
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call, usually a three digit number or one in the 99xx's of your exchange,
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and have the originating number you are calling from read to you by a
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computer. This is useful if you don't know the number you are calling from,
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for finding diverters, and when you are playing around with other fone
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equipment like cans or beige boxes. The ANI system is often incorporated
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into other fone companies such as Sprint and MCI in order to trace those
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big bad phreaks that abuze codez.
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ANIF - Automatic Number Identification Failure. When the ANI system of
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a particular office fails.
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APF - All PINs Fail. This is a security measure which is designed to
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frustrate attempts at discovering valid PINs by a hacking method.
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aqua box - A box designed to drain the voltage of the FBI lock-in-
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trace/trap-trace so you can hang up your fone in an emergency and
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phrustrate the Pheds some more. The apparatus is simple, just connect the
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two middle wires of a phone wire and plug, which would be the red and green
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wires if in the jack, to the cord of some electrical appliance; ie, light
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bulb or radio. KEEP THE APPLIANCE OFF. Then, get one of those line
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splitters that will let you hook two phone plugs into one jack. Plug the
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end of the modified cord into one jack and your fone into the other. THE
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APPLIANCE MUST BE OFF! Then, when the Pheds turn their lame tracer on and
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you find that you can't hang up, remove your fone from the jack and turn
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the appliance ON and keep it ON until you feel safe; it may be awhile. Then
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turn it off, plug your fone back in, and start phreaking again. Invented
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by: Captain Xerox and The Traveler.
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BAUDOT - 45.5 baud. Also known as the Apple Cat Can.
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BEF - Band Elimination Filter. A muting system that will mute the 2600
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Hz tone which signals hang-up when you hang up.
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beige box - An apparatus that is a home-made lineman's handset. It is
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a regular fone that has clips where the red and green wires normally
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connect to in a fone jack. These clips will attach to the rings and tips
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found in many of MA's output devices. These are highly portable and VERY
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useful when messing around with cans and other output devices the fone
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company has around. Invented by: The Exterminator and The Terminal Man.
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BITNET - Nationwide system for colleges and schools which accesses a
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large base of education-oriented information. Access ports are always via
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mainframe.
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bit stream - Refers to a continuous series of bits, binary digits,
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being transmitted on a transmission line.
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black box - The infamous box that allows the calling party to not be
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billed for the call placed. We won't go in depth right now, most plans can
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be found on many phreak oriented BBS's. The telco can detect black boxes if
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they suspect one on the line. Also, these will not work under ESS.
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bleeper boxes - The United Kingdom's own version of the blue box,
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modified to work with the UK's fone system. Based on the same principles.
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However, they use two sets of frequencies, foreword and backwards.
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Blotto box - This box supposedly shorts every fone out in the
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immediate area, and I don't doubt it. It should kill every fone in the
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immediate area, until the voltage reaches the fone company, and the fone
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company filters it. I won't cover this one in this issue, cuz it is
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dangerous, and phreaks shouldn't destroy MA's equipment, just phuck it up.
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Look for this on your phavorite BBS or ask your phavorite phreak for info
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if you really are serious about seriously phucking some fones in some area.
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blue box - An old piece of equipment that emulated a true operator
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placing calls, and operators get calls for free. The blue box seizes an
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open trunk by blasting a 2600 Hz tone through the line after dialing a
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party that is local or in the 800 NPA so calls will be local or free for
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the blue boxer. Then, when the blue boxer has seized a trunk, the boxer may
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then, within the next 10-15 seconds, dial another fone number via MF tones.
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These MF tones must be preceded by a KP tone and followed with a ST tone.
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All of these tones are standardized by Bell. The tones as well as the inter-
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digit intervals are around 75ms. It may vary with the equipment used since
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ESS can handle higher speeds and doesn't need inter-digit intervals. There
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are many uses to a blue box, and we will not cover any more here. See your
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local phreak or phreak oriented BBS for in depth info concerning blue boxes
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and blue boxing. Incidentally, blue boxes are not considered safe anymore
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because ESS detects "foreign" tones, such as the 2600 Hz tone, but this
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detection may be delayed by mixing pink noise of above 3000 Hz with the
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2600 Hz tone. To hang up, the 2600 Hz tone is played again. Also, all blue
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boxes are green boxes because MF "2" corresponds to the Coin Collect tone
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on the green box, and the "KP" tone corresponds to the Coin Return tone on
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the green box. See green box for more information. Blue boxing is
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IMPOSSIBLE under the new CCIS system slowly being integrated into the Bell
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system.
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blue box tones - The MF tones generated by the blue box in order to
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place calls, emulating a true operator. These dual tones must be entered
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during the 10-15 second period after you have seized a trunk with the 2600
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Hz tone.
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700: 1 : 2 : 4 : 7 : 11 : KP= Key Pulse
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Parallel Frequencies 900: ** : 3 : 5 : 8 : 12 : ST= STop
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2= Coin Collect 1100: ** : ** : 6 : 9 : KP : KP2= Key Pulse 2
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KP= Coin Return 1300: ** : ** : ** : 10 :KP2 : **= None
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(green box tones) 1500: ** : ** : ** : ** : ST :
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: 900:1100:1300:1500:1700: 75ms pulse/pause
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BLV - Busy Line Verification. Allows a TSPS operator to process a
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customer's request for a confirmation of a repeatedly busy line. This
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service is used in conjunction with emergency break-ins.
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BNS - Billed Number Screening.
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break period - Time when the circuit during pulse dialing is left
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open. In the US, this period is 40ms; foreign nations may use 33ms break
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periods.
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break ratio - The interval pulse dialing breaks and makes the loop
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when dialing. The US standard is 10 pulses per second. When the circuit is
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opened, it is called the break interval. When the circuit is closed, it is
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called the make interval. In the US, there is a 60ms make period and a 40ms
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break period. This is often referred to as a 60% make interval. Many
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foreign nations have a 67% make interval.
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bridge - I don't really understand this one, but these are important
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phreak toys. I'll cover them more in the next issue of TPH.
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British Post Office - The United Kingdom's equivalent to Ma Bell.
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busy box - Box that will cause the fone to be busy, without taking it
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OFF-HOOK. Just get a piece of fone wire with a plug on the end, cut it off
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so there is a plug and about two inches of fone line. Then, strip the wire
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so the two middle wires, the tip and the ring, are exposed. Then, wrap the
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ring and the tip together, tape with electrical tape, and plug into the
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fone jack. The fone will be busy until the box is removed.
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cans - Cans are those big silver boxes on top of or around the
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telephone poles. When opened, the lines can be manipulated with a beige box
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or whatever phun you have in mind.
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calling card - Another form of the LD service used by many major LD
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companies that composes of the customers fone number and a PIN number. The
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most important thing to know when questioned about calling cards are the
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area code and the city where the calling card customer originated from.
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CAMA - Centralized Automatic Message Accounting. System that records
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the numbers called by fones and other LD systems. The recording can be used
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as evidence in court.
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CC - Calling Card.
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CC - Credit Card.
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CCIS - Common Channel Inter-office Signaling. New method being
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incorporated under Bell that will send all the signaling information over
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separate data lines. Blue boxing is IMPOSSIBLE under this system.
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CCITT - The initials of the name in French of the International
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Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. At CCITT representatives of
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telecommunications authorities, operators of public networks and other
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interested bodies meet to agree on standards needed for international
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intermarrying of telecommunications services.
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CCS - Calling Card Service.
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CCSS - Common Channel Signalling System. A system whereby all
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signalling for a number of voice paths are carried over one common channel,
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instead of within each individual channel.
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CDA - Coin Detection and Announcement.
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CF - Coin First. A type of fortress fone that wants your money before
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you receive a dial tone.
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Channel - A means of one-way transmission or a UCA path for electrical
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transmission between two or more points without common carrier, provided
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terminal equipment. Also called a circuit, line, link, path, or facility.
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cheese box - Another type of box which, when coupled with call
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forwarding services, will allow one to place free fone calls. The safety of
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this box is unknown. See references for information concerning text philes
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on this box.
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clear box - Piece of equipment that compromises of a telephone pickup
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coil and a small amp. This works on the principal that all receivers are
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also weak transmitters. So, you amplify your signal on PP fortress fones
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and spare yourself some change.
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CN/A - Customer Name And Address. Systems where authorized Bell
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employees can find out the name and address of any customer in the Bell
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System. All fone numbers are listed on file, including unlisted numbers.
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Some CN/A services ask for ID#'s when you make a request. To use, call the
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CN/A office during normal business hours, and say that you are so and so
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from a certain business or office, related to customers or something like
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that, and you need the customer's name and address at (NPA)Nxx-xxxx. That
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should work. The operators to these services usually know more than DA
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operators do and are also susceptible to "social engineering." It is
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possible to bullshit a CN/A operator for the NON PUB DA number and policy
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changes in the CN/A system.
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CO Code - Central Office code which is also the Nxx code. See Nxx for
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more details. Sometimes known as the local end office.
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conference calls - To have multiple lines inter-connected in order to
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have many people talking in the same conversation on the fone at once. See
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Alliance and switch crashing for more information.
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credit operator - Same as TSPS operator. The operator you get when you
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dial "0" on your fone and phortress fones. See TSPS for more information.
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CSDC - Circuit Switched Digital Capability. Another USDN service that
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has no ISDN counterpart.
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DA - Directory Assistance. See directory assistance.
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DAO - Directory Assistance Operator. See directory assistance.
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data communications - In telefone company terminology, data
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communications refers to an end-to-end transmission of any kind of
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information other than sound, including voice, or video. Data sources may
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be either digital or analog.
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data rate - The rate at which a channel carries data, measured in bits
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per second, bit/s, also known as "data signalling rate."
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data signalling rate - Same as "data rate." See data rate.
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DCO-CS - Digital Central Office-Carrier Switch.
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DDD - Direct Distance Dialed.
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Dial-It Services - See 900 Services.
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digital - A method to represent information to be discrete or
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individually distinct signals, such as bits, as opposed to a continuously
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variable analog signal.
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digital transmission - A mode of transmission in which all information
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to be transmitted is first converted to digital form and then transmitted
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as a serial stream of pulses. Any signal, voice, data, television, can be
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converted to digital form.
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Dimension 2000 - Another LD service located at (800)848-9000.
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directory assistance - Operator that you get when you call 411 or
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NPA-555-1212. This call will cost $.50 per call. These won't know where you
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are calling from, unless you annoy them, and do not have access to unlisted
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numbers. There are also directory assistance operators for the deaf that
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transfer BAUDOT. You can call these and have interesting conversations. The
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fone number is 800-855-1155, are free, and use standard Telex abbreviations
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such as GA for Go Ahead. These are nicer than normal operators, and are
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often subject to "social engineering" skills (bullshitting). Other
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operators also have access to their own directory assistance at
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KP+NPA+131+ST.
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diverter - This is a nice phreak tool. What a diverter is is a type of
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call forwarding system done externally, apart from the fone company, which
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is a piece of hardware that will foreword the call to somewhere else. These
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can be found on many 24 hour plumbers, doctors, etc. When you call, you
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will often hear a click and then ringing, or a ring, then a click, then
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another ring, the second ring often sounds different from the first. Then,
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the other side picks the fone up and you ask about their company or
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something stupid, but DO NOT ANNOY them. Then eventually, let them hang up,
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DO NOT HANG UP YOURSELF. Wait for the dial tone, then dial ANI. If the
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number ANI reads is different from the one you are calling from, then you
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have a diverter. Call anywhere you want, for all calls will be billed to
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the diverter. Also, if someone uses a tracer on you, then they trace the
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diverter and you are safe. Diverters can, however, hang up on you after a
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period of time; some companies make diverters that can be set to clear the
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line after a set period of time, or click every once in a while, which is
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super annoying, but it will still work. Diverters are usually safer than LD
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extenders, but there are no guarantees. Diverters can also be accessed via
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phortress fones. Dial the credit operator and ask for the AT&T CREDIT
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OPERATOR. They will put on some lame recording that is pretty long. Don't
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say anything and the recording will hang up. LET IT HANG UP, DO NOT HANG
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UP. Then the line will clear and you will get a dial tone. Place any call
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you want with the following format: 9+1+NPA+Nxx+xxxx, or for local calls,
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just 9+Nxx+xxxx. I'd advise that you call ANI first as a local call to make
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sure you have a diverter.
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DLS - Dial Line Service.
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DNR - Also known as pen register. See pen register.
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DOV - Data-Over-Voice.
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DSI - Data Subscriber Interface. Unit in the LADT system that will
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concentrate data from 123 subscribers to a 56k or a 9.6k bit-per-second
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trunk to a packet network.
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DT - Dial tone.
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DTF - Dial Tone First. This is a type of fortress fone that gives you
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a dial tone first.
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DTI - Digital Trunk Interface.
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DTMF - Dual-Tone-Multi-Frequency, the generic term for the touch tone.
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These include 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 as well as A,B,C,D. See silver box for
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more details.
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DVM - Data Voice Multiplexor. A system that squeezes more out of a
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transmission medium and allows a customer to transmit voice and data
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simultaneously to more than one receiver over the existing telefone line.
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emergency break-in - Name given to the art of "breaking" into a busy
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number which will usually result in becoming a third party in the call
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taking place.
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end office - Any class 5 switching office in North America.
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end-to-end signalling - A mode of network operation in which the
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originating central office, or station, retains control and signals
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directly to each successive central office, or PBX, as trunks are added to
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the connection.
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ESS - Electronic Switching System. "The phreak's nightmare come true."
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With ESS, EVERY SINGLE digit you dial is recorded, even mistakes. The
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system records who you call, when you call, how long you talked, and, in
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some cases, what you talked about. ESS is programed to make a list of
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people who make excessive 800 calls or directory assistance. This is called
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the "800 Exceptional Calling Report." ESS can be programed to print out
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logs of who called certain numbers, such as a bookie, a known communist, a
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BBS, etc. ESS is a series of programs working together; these programs can
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be very easily changed to do whatever the fone company wants ESS to do.
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With ESS, tracing is done in MILLISECONDS and will pick up any "foreign"
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tones on the line, such as 2600 Hz. Bell predicts the whole country will be
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on ESS by 1990! You can identify an ESS office by the functions, such as
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dialing 911 for help, fortress fones with DT first, special services such
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as call forwarding, speed dialing, call waiting, etc., and ANI on LD calls.
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Also, black boxes and Infinity transmitters will NOT work under ESS.
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extender - A fone line that serves as a middleman for a fone call,
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such as the 800 or 950 extenders. These systems usually require a multi-
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digit code and have some sort of ANI to trace suspicious calls with.
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facsimile - A system for the transmission of images. The image is
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scanned at the transmitter, reconstructed at the receiving station, and
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duplicated on some form of paper. Also known as a FAX.
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FAX - See facsimile for details.
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FiRM - A large cracking group who is slowly taking the place of PTL and
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the endangered cracking groups at the time of this writing.
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fortress phone - Today's modern, armor plated, pay fone. These may be
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the older, 3 coin/coin first fones or the newer, 1 coin/DT first fones.
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There are also others, see CF, DTF, and PP. Most phortresses can be found
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in the 9xxx or 98xx series of your local Nxx.
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gateway city - See ISC.
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Gestapo - The telefone company's security force. These nasties are the
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ones that stake out misused phortresses as well as go after those bad
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phreaks that might be phucking with the fone system.
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green base - A type of output device used by the fone company. Usually
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light green in color and stick up a few feet from the ground. See output
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device for more information.
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green box - Equipment that will emulate the Coin Collect, Coin Return,
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and Ringback tones. This means that if you call someone with a fortress
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fone and they have a green box, by activating it, your money will be
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returned. The tones are, in hertz, Coin Collect=700+1100, Coin
|
|
Return=1100+1700, and Ringback=700+1700. However, before these tones are
|
|
sent, the MF detectors at the CO must be alerted, this can be done by
|
|
sending a 900+1500 Hz or single 2600 Hz wink of 90ms followed by a 60ms
|
|
gap, and then the appropriate signal for at least 900ms.
|
|
|
|
gold box - This box will trace calls, tell if the call is being
|
|
traced, and can change a trace.
|
|
|
|
grey box - Also known as a silver box. See silver box.
|
|
|
|
group chief - The name of the highest ranking official in any fone
|
|
office. Ask to speak to these if an operator is giving you trouble.
|
|
|
|
high-speed data - A rate of data transfer ranging upward from 10,000
|
|
bits per second.
|
|
|
|
H/M - Hotel/Motel.
|
|
|
|
ICH - International Call Handling. Used for overseas calls.
|
|
|
|
ICVT - InComing Verification Trunk.
|
|
|
|
IDA - Integrated Digital Access. The United Kingdom's equivalent of
|
|
ISDN.
|
|
|
|
IDDD - International Direct Distance Dialing - The ability to place
|
|
international calls direct without processing through a station. Usually,
|
|
one would have to place the call through a 011, station, or a 01, operator
|
|
assisted, type of setup.
|
|
|
|
IDN - Integrated Digital Networks. Networks which provide digital
|
|
access and transmission, in both circuit switched and packet modes.
|
|
|
|
in-band - The method of sending signaling information along with the
|
|
conversion using tones to represent digits.
|
|
|
|
INS - Information Network System. Japan's equivalent of ISDN.
|
|
|
|
Intercept - The intercept operator is the one you get connected to
|
|
when there are not enough recordings available to tell you that the number
|
|
has been disconnected or changed. These usually ask what number you are
|
|
calling and are the lowest form of the operator.
|
|
|
|
intermediate point - Any class 4X switching office in North America.
|
|
Also known as an RSU.
|
|
|
|
international dialing - In order to call across country borders, one
|
|
must use the format PREFIX + COUNTRY CODE + NATION #. The prefix in North
|
|
America is usually 011 for station-to-station calls or 01 for operator-
|
|
assisted calls. If you have IDDD, you don't need to place this prefix in.
|
|
|
|
INTT - Incoming No Test Trunks.
|
|
|
|
INWARD - An operator that assists your local TSPS '0' operator in
|
|
connecting calls. These won't question you as long as the call is within
|
|
their service area. The operator can ONLY be reached by other operators or
|
|
a blue box. The blue box number is KP+NPA+121+ST for the INWARD operator
|
|
that will help you connect to any calls in that area ONLY.
|
|
|
|
INWATS - Inward Wide Area Telecommunications Service. These are the
|
|
800 numbers we are all familiar with. These are set up in bands; 6 total.
|
|
Band 6 is the largest, and you can call band 6 INWATS from anywhere in the
|
|
US except the state where the call is terminated. This is also why some
|
|
companies have a separate 800 number for their state. Band 5 includes the
|
|
48 contiguous states. All the way down to band 1, which only includes the
|
|
states contiguous to that one. Understand? That means more people can reach
|
|
a band 6 INWATS as compared to the people that can access a band 1 INWATS.
|
|
|
|
IOCC - International Overseas Completion Centre. A system which must
|
|
be dialed in order to re-route fone calls to countries inaccessible via
|
|
dialing direct. To route a call via IOCC with a blue box, pad the country
|
|
code to the RIGHT with zeroes until it is 3 digits. Then KP+160 is dialed,
|
|
plus the padded country code, plus ST.
|
|
|
|
IPM - Interruptions Per Minute. The number of times a certain tone
|
|
sounds during a minute.
|
|
|
|
ISC - Inter-Nation Switching Centers. Most outgoing calls from a
|
|
certain numbering system will be routed through these "gateway cities" in
|
|
order to reach a foreign country.
|
|
|
|
ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network. ISDN is a planned
|
|
hierarchy of digital switching and transmission systems. Synchronized so
|
|
that all digital elements speak the same "language" at the same speed, the
|
|
ISDN would provide voice, data, and video in a unified manner.
|
|
|
|
ITT - This is another large LD service. The extenders owned by this
|
|
company are usually considered dangerous. The format is
|
|
ACC-ESS#,(NPA)Nxx-xxxx,1234567.
|
|
|
|
KP - Key Pulse. Tone that must be generated before inputting a fone
|
|
number using a blue box. This tone is, in hertz, 1100+1700.
|
|
|
|
KP2 - Key Pulse 2. Tone that is used by the CCITT SYSTEM 5 for special
|
|
international calling. This tone is, in hertz, 1300+1700.
|
|
|
|
LADT - Local Area Data Transport. LADT is a method by which customers
|
|
will send and receive digital data over existing customer loop wiring. Dial-
|
|
Up LADT will let customers use their lines for occasional data services;
|
|
direct access LADT will transmit simultaneous voice and data traffic on the
|
|
same line.
|
|
|
|
LAN - Local Area Network.
|
|
|
|
LAPB - Link Access Protocol Balanced.
|
|
|
|
LD - Long Distance
|
|
|
|
Leave Word And Call Back - Another new type of operator.
|
|
|
|
local loop - When a loop is connected between you and your CO. This
|
|
occurs when you pick the fone up or have a fone OFF-HOOK.
|
|
|
|
loop - A pair or group of fone lines. When people call these lines,
|
|
they can talk to each other. Loops consist of two or more numbers, they
|
|
usually are grouped close together somewhere in the Nxx-99xx portions of
|
|
your exchange. The lower number in a loop is the tone side of the loop, or
|
|
the singing switch. The higher number is always silent. The tone disappears
|
|
on the lower # when someone dials the other side of the loop. If you are
|
|
the higher #, you will have to listen to the clicks to see if someone
|
|
dialed into the loop. There also are such things as Non-Supervised loops,
|
|
where the call is toll-free to the caller. Most loops will be muted or have
|
|
annoying clicks at connection, but otherwise, you might find these useful
|
|
goodies scanning the 99xx's in your exchange. Some loops allow multi-user
|
|
capability; thus, many people can talk to each other at the same time, a
|
|
conference of sorts. Since loops are genuine test functions for the telco
|
|
during the day, most phreaks scan and use them at night.
|
|
|
|
MA - Ma Bell, the Bell Telesys Company. Telco, etc. See Ma Bell for
|
|
more information.
|
|
|
|
Ma Bell - The telephone company. The Bell Telesys Phone Company. The
|
|
company you phreak and hack with. The company that doesn't like you too
|
|
much. The company you often phuck with, and sometimes phuck up. The company
|
|
that can phuck u up if u aren't careful.
|
|
|
|
make period - The time when, during pulse dialing, the circuit is
|
|
closed. In the US, this period is 60ms; however, foreign nations may use a
|
|
67ms make period. Make periods are also referred to in percentages, so a
|
|
60ms make period would be 60%, a 67ms as 67%.
|
|
|
|
marine verify - Another type of operator.
|
|
|
|
MCI - Yet another LD service that owns many dial-ups in most areas.
|
|
However, the codes from various areas may not be interchangeable. Not much
|
|
is known about MCI; however, MCI probably has some sophisticated anti-
|
|
phreak equipment. The format is ACC-ESS#,12345,(NPA)Nxx-xxxx.
|
|
|
|
MCI Execunet - The calling card equivalent of the regular MCI LD
|
|
service, but the codes are longer and interchangeable. For the local access
|
|
port near you, call (800)555-1212. The format for the port will be
|
|
ACC-ESS#,1234567,(NPA)Nxx-xxxx.
|
|
|
|
Metrofone - Owned by Western Union. A very popular system among fone
|
|
phreaks. Call Metrofone's operator and ask for the local access number at
|
|
(800)325-1403. The format is ACC-ESS#,CODE,(NPA)Nxx-xxxx. Metrofone is
|
|
alleged to place trap codes on phreak BBS's.
|
|
|
|
MF - Multi-Frequency. These are the operator and blue box tones. An MF
|
|
tone consists of two tones from a set of six master tones which are
|
|
combined to produce 12 separate tones. These are NOT the same as touch
|
|
tones. See blue box tones for frequencies.
|
|
|
|
mobile - A type of operator.
|
|
|
|
NAP/PA - North American Pirate/Phreak Association. A large group of bbs
|
|
boards which include a lot of pirates/phreakers. I'm not quite sure where the
|
|
group will go from here.
|
|
|
|
NIA - Network Information Access. A new group ( 29DEC89 ), that has come
|
|
onto the scene, they deal in good hard facts, and are not proned to doing the
|
|
usual files on Explosives, Phreaking, Hacking, though there are PLENTY of
|
|
groups that do just that, they branch out and try to get some good TECHNICAL
|
|
INFORMATION, and up-to-date current information. Give them a browse, and maybe
|
|
you might want to even call them.
|
|
|
|
NON PUB DA - A reverse type of CN/A bureau. You tell the service the
|
|
name and the locality, they will supply the fone number. However, they will
|
|
ask for you name, supervisor's name, etc. Use your social engineering
|
|
skills here (aka, bullshitting skills). You also can get detailed billing
|
|
information from these bureaus.
|
|
|
|
NPA - Numbering Plan Area. The area code of a certain city/state. For
|
|
example, on the number (111)222-3333, the NPA would be 111. Area codes
|
|
never cross state boundaries sans the 800, 700, 900, and special exchanges.
|
|
|
|
Nxx - The exchange or prefix of the area to be dialed. For example of
|
|
the number (111)222-3333, the Nxx would be 222.
|
|
|
|
OGVT - OutGoing Verification Trunk.
|
|
|
|
OFF-HOOK - To be on-line, to have the switchhook down. To have a
|
|
closed connection. At this point, you also have a local loop.
|
|
|
|
ON-HOOK - To be off-line, to have the switchhook up. To have an open
|
|
connection.
|
|
|
|
ONI - Operator Number Identification. Identifies calling numbers when
|
|
an office is not equipped with CAMA, the calling number is not
|
|
automatically recorded by CAMA, or has equipment failures, such as ANIF.
|
|
|
|
OPCR - Operator Actions Program. Standard TBOC or equivalent "0"
|
|
operator.
|
|
|
|
OPEN - Northern Telecom's Open Protocol Enhanced Networks World
|
|
Program.
|
|
|
|
OSI - Open System Interconnection. Form of telecommunication
|
|
architechture which will probobly fail to SNA.
|
|
|
|
OST - Originating Station Treatment.
|
|
|
|
OTC - Operating Telefone Company.
|
|
|
|
out-of-band - Type of signaling which sends all of the signaling and
|
|
supervisory informations, such as ON and OFF HOOK, over separate data
|
|
links.
|
|
|
|
output device - Any type of interface such as cans, terminal sets,
|
|
remote switching centers, bridging heads, etc., where the fone lines of the
|
|
immediate area are relayed to before going to the fone company. These often
|
|
are those cases painted light green and stand up from the ground. Most of
|
|
these can be opened with a 7/16 hex driver, turning the security bolt(s)
|
|
1/8 of an inch counter-clockwise, and opening. Terminals on the inside
|
|
might be labeled "T" for tip and "R" for ring. Otherwise, the ring side is
|
|
usually on the right and the tip side is on the left.
|
|
|
|
OUTWATS - Outward Wide Area Telecommunications Service. These are WATS
|
|
that are used to make outgoing calls ONLY.
|
|
|
|
Paper Clip Method - This method of phreaking was illustrated in the
|
|
movie War Games. What a phortress fone does to make sure money is in a fone
|
|
is send an electrical pulse to notify the fone that a coin has been
|
|
deposited, for the first coin only. However, by simply grounding the
|
|
positive end of the microphone, enough current and voltage is deferred to
|
|
the ground to simulate the first quarter in the coin box. An easy way to
|
|
accomplish this is to connect the center of the mouthpiece to the coin box,
|
|
touch tone pad, or anything that looks like metal with a piece of wire. A
|
|
most convenient piece of wire is a bend out of a paper clip. Then you can
|
|
send red box tones through the line and get free fone calls! Also, telco
|
|
modified fones may require you to push the clip harder against the
|
|
mouthpiece, or connect the mouthpiece to the earpiece. If pressing harder
|
|
against the mouthpiece becomes a problem, pins may be an easier solution.
|
|
|
|
PBX - Private Branch eXchange. A private switchboard used by some big
|
|
companies that allow access to the OUTWATS line by dialing a 8 or a 9
|
|
after inputting a code.
|
|
|
|
PCM - Pulse Code-Modulated trunks.
|
|
|
|
PC Pursuit - A computer oriented LD system, comparable to Telenet,
|
|
which offers low access rates to 2400 baud users. Hacking on this system is
|
|
virtually impossible due to the new password format.
|
|
|
|
pen register - A device that the fone company puts on your line if
|
|
they suspect you are fraudulently using your fone. This will record EVERY
|
|
SINGLE digit/rotary pulse you enter into the fone as well as other
|
|
pertinent information, which may include a bit of tapping. Also known as
|
|
DNR.
|
|
|
|
Phortune 500 - An elite group of users currently paving the way for
|
|
better quality in their trade.
|
|
|
|
PHRACK - Another phreak/hack oriented newsletter. See reference
|
|
section, phile 1.6 for more information.
|
|
|
|
PHUN - Phreakers and Hackers Underground Network. They also release a
|
|
newsletter that is up to #4 at the time of this writing. See phile 1.6 for
|
|
more information on finding this phile.
|
|
|
|
PIN - Personal Identification Number - The last four digits on a
|
|
calling card that adds to the security of calling cards.
|
|
|
|
plant tests - test numbers which include ANI, ringback, touch tone
|
|
tests, and other tests the telco uses.
|
|
|
|
Post Office Engineers - The United Kingdom's fone workers.
|
|
|
|
PP - Dial Post-Pay Service. On phortress fones, you are prompted to
|
|
pay for the call after the called party answers. You can use a clear box to
|
|
get around this.
|
|
|
|
PPS - Pulses Per Second.
|
|
|
|
printmeter - The United Kingdom's equivalent of a pen register. See
|
|
pen register for more info.
|
|
|
|
PTE - Packet Transport Equipment.
|
|
|
|
PTL - One of the bigger cracking groups of all time. However, the group
|
|
has been dying off and only has a few nodes as of this writing.
|
|
|
|
PTS - Position and Trunk Scanner.
|
|
|
|
PTT - Postal Telephone Telegraph.
|
|
|
|
pulse - See rotary phones.
|
|
|
|
purple box - This one would be nice. Free calls to anywhere via blue
|
|
boxing, become an operator via blue box, conference calling, disconnect
|
|
fone line(s), tap fones, detect traces, intercept directory assistance
|
|
calls. Has all red box tones. This one may not be available under ESS.
|
|
|
|
rainbow box - An ultimate box. You can become an operator. You get
|
|
free calls, blue box. You can set up conference calls. You can forcefully
|
|
disconnect lines. You can tap lines. You can detect traces, change traces,
|
|
and trace as well. All incoming calls are free. You can intercept directory
|
|
assistance. You have a generator for all MF tones. You can mute and redial.
|
|
You have all the red-box tones. This is an awesome box. However, it does
|
|
not exist under ESS.
|
|
|
|
RAO - Revenue Accounting Office. The three digit code that sometimes
|
|
replaces the NPA of some calling cards.
|
|
|
|
RBOC - Regional Bell Operating Company.
|
|
|
|
red box - Equipment that will emulate the red box tone generated for
|
|
coin recognition in all phortress fones.
|
|
|
|
red box tones - Tones that tell the phortress fone how much money was
|
|
inserted in the fone to make the required call. In one slot fones, these
|
|
are beeps in pulses; the pulse is a 2200+1700 Hz tone. For quarters, 5 beep
|
|
tones at 12-17 PPS, for dimes it is 2 beep tones at 5-8.5 PPS, and a nickel
|
|
causes 1 beep tone at 5-8.5 PPS. For three slot fones, the tones are
|
|
different. Instead of beeps, they are straight dual tones. For a nickel, it
|
|
is one bell at 1050-1100 Hz, two bells for a dime, and one gong at 800 Hz
|
|
for a quarter. When using red box tones, you must insert at least one
|
|
nickel before playing the tones, cuz a ground test takes place to make sure
|
|
some money has been inserted. The ground test may be fooled by the Paper
|
|
Clip Method. Also, it has been known that TSPS can detect certain red box
|
|
tones, and will record all data on AMA or CAMA of fraudulent activity.
|
|
|
|
regional center - Any class 1 switching office in North America.
|
|
|
|
REMOB - Method of tapping into lines by entering a code and the 7
|
|
digit number you want to monitor, from ACD Test Mode. A possibility of this
|
|
may be mass conferencing.
|
|
|
|
ring - The red wire found in fone jacks and most fone equipment. The
|
|
ring also is less positive than the tip. When looking at a fone plug on the
|
|
end of typical 4 wire fone line from the top, let's say the top is the side
|
|
with the hook, the ring will be the middle-right wire. Remember, the ring
|
|
is red, and to the right. The three "R's" revived!
|
|
|
|
ring-around-the-rosy - 9 connections in tandem which would cause an
|
|
endless loop connection and has never occurred in fone history.
|
|
|
|
ringback - A testing number that the fone company uses to have your
|
|
fone ring back after you hang up. You usually input the three digit
|
|
ringback number and then the last four digits to the fone number you are
|
|
calling from.
|
|
|
|
ring trip - The CO process involved with stopping the AC ringing
|
|
signal when a fone goes OFF-HOOK.
|
|
|
|
rotary phone - The dial or pulse phone that works by hooking and un-
|
|
hooking the fone rapidly in secession that is directly related to the
|
|
number you dialed. These will not work if another phone with the same
|
|
number is off-hook at the time of dialing.
|
|
|
|
Rout & Rate - Yet another type of operator; assists your TSPS operator
|
|
with rates and routings. This once can be reached at KP+800+141+1212+ST.
|
|
|
|
RPE - Remote Peripheral Equipment.
|
|
|
|
RQS - The Rate Quote System. This is the TSPS operator's rate/quote
|
|
system. This is a method your '0' operator gets info without dialing the
|
|
rate and route operator. The number is KP+009+ST.
|
|
|
|
RSU - Remote Switching Unit. The class 4X office that can have an
|
|
unattended exchange attached to it.
|
|
|
|
RTA - Remote Trunk Arrangement.
|
|
|
|
SAC - Special Area Code. Separate listing of area codes, usually for
|
|
special services such as TWX's, WATS, or DIAL-IT services.
|
|
|
|
SCC - Specialized Common Carriers. Common Nxx numbers that are
|
|
specialized for a certain purpose. An example is the 950 exchange.
|
|
|
|
sectional center - Any class 2 switching office in North America.
|
|
|
|
service monitoring - This is the technical name of phone tapping.
|
|
|
|
SF - Supervision Control Frequency. The 2600 Hz tone which seizes any
|
|
open trunk, which can be blue boxed off of.
|
|
|
|
short-haul - Also known as a local call.
|
|
|
|
signalling - The process by which a caller or equipment on the
|
|
transmitting end of a line in: forms a particular party or equipment at the
|
|
receiving end that a message is to be communicated. Signalling is also the
|
|
supervisory information which lets the caller know the called know the
|
|
called party is ready to talk, the line is busy, or the called party has
|
|
hung up.
|
|
|
|
silver box - Equipment that will allow you to emulate the DTMF tones
|
|
A,B,C,D. The MF tones are, in hertz, A=697+1633, B=770+1633, C=852+1633,
|
|
D=941+1633. These allow special functions from regular fones, such as ACD
|
|
Testing Mode.
|
|
|
|
Skyline - Service owned by IBM, Comsat, and AEtna. It has a local
|
|
access number in the 950 exchange. The fone number is 950-1088. The code is
|
|
either a 6 or 8 digit number. This company is alleged to be VERY dangerous.
|
|
|
|
SNA - System Network Architechture, by IBM. A possible future standard
|
|
of architechture only competed by OSI.
|
|
|
|
SOST - Special Operator Service Treatment. These include calls which
|
|
must be transferred to a SOST switchboard before they can be processed;
|
|
services such as conferences, appointments, mobile, etc.
|
|
|
|
SPC - Stored Program Control. Form of switching the US has heavily
|
|
invested in.
|
|
|
|
Sprint - One of the first LD services, also known as SPC. Sprint owns
|
|
many extender services and is not considered safe. It is common knowledge
|
|
that Sprint has declared war on fone phreakers.
|
|
|
|
SSAS - Station Signaling and Announcement System. System on most
|
|
fortress fones that will prompt caller for money after the number, usually
|
|
LD numbers, has been dialed, or the balance due before the call will be
|
|
allowed to connect.
|
|
|
|
stacking tandems - The art of busying out all trunks between two
|
|
points. This one is very amusing.
|
|
|
|
STart - Pulse that is transmitted after the KP+NPA+Nxx+xxxx through
|
|
operator or blue boxed calls. This pulse is, in hertz, 1500+1700.
|
|
|
|
station # - The last four digits in any seven digit fone number.
|
|
|
|
STD - Subscriber Trunk Dialing. Mechanism in the United Kingdom which
|
|
takes a call from the local lines and legimately elevates it to a trunk or
|
|
international level.
|
|
|
|
step crashing - Method of using a rotary fone to break into a busy
|
|
line. Example, you use a rotary fone to dial Nxx-xxx8 and you get a busy
|
|
signal. Hang up and dial Nxx-xxx7 and in between the last pulse of your
|
|
rotary dial and before the fone would begin to ring, you can flash your
|
|
switchhook extremely fast. If you do it right, you will hear an enormous
|
|
"CLICK" and all of a sudden, you will cut into your party's conversation.
|
|
|
|
STPS - Signal Transfer PointS. Associated with various switching
|
|
machines and the new CCIS system.
|
|
|
|
switchhook - The button on your fone that, when depressed, hangs the
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fone up. These can be used to emulate rotary dial fones if used correctly.
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SxS - Step-By-Step. Also known as the Strowger Switch or the two-
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motion switch. This is the switching equipment Bell began using in 1918.
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However, because of its limitations, such as no direct use of DTMF and
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maintenance problems, the fone company has been upgrading since. You can
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identify SxS switching offices by lack of DTMF or pulsing digits after
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dialing DTMF, if you go near the CO it will sound like a typewriter testing
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factory, lack of speed calling, lack of special services like call
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forwarding and call waiting, and fortress fones want your money first,
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before the dial tone.
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TAP - The "official" phone phreak's newsletter. Previously YIPL.
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T&C - Time and Charge.
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tapping - To listen in to a phone call taking place. The fone company
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calls this "service monitoring."
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TASI - Time Assignment Speech Interpolation. This is used on satellite
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trunks, and basically allows more than one person to use a trunk by putting
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them on while the other person isn't talking.
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Telenet - A computer-oriented system of relay stations which relay
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computer calls to LD numbers. Telenet has a vast array of access ports
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accessible at certain baud rates.
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Tel-Tec - Another LD company that usually give out a weak connection.
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The format is (800)323-3026,123456,(NPA)Nxx-xxxx.
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Tel-Tex - A subsidiary of Tel-Tec, but is only used in Texas. The
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number is *800)432-2071 and the format is the same as above.
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terminal - A point where information may enter or leave a
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communication network. Also, any device that is capable of sending and/or
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receiving data over a communication channel.
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tip - The green wire found in fone jacks and most fone equipment. The
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tip is the more positive wire compared to the ring. When looking at a fone
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plug from the top, lets say the hook side is the top, the tip will be the
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middle wire on the left.
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toll center - Any class 4 switching office located in North America.
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toll point - Any class 4P switching office in North America.
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Toll LIB - Reverse CN/A bureau. See NON PUB DA for more info.
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touch tone phone - A phone that uses the DTMF system to place calls.
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touch tone test - This is another test number the fone company uses.
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You dial the ringback number and have the fone ring back. Then, when you
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pick it up, you will hear a tone. Press your touch-tone digits 1-0. If they
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are correct, the fone will beep twice.
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trace - Something you don't want any fone company to do to you. This
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is when the fone company you are phucking with flips a switch and they find
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the number you are calling from. Sometimes the fone company will use ANI or
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trap and trace methods to locate you. Then the local Gestapo home in and
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terminate the caller if discovered.
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trap and trace - A method used by the FBI and some step offices that
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forces a voltage through the line and traces simultaneously, which mean
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that you can't hang up unless the Pheds do, and pray you aren't calling
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from your own house. Trap and trace is also known as the lock-in-trace.
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trap codes - Working codes owned by the LD company, not a customer,
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that, when used, will send a "trouble card" to Ma Bell, no matter what
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company the card is coming from, and ESS will immediately trace the call.
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Trap codes have been in use for some time now, and it is considered safer
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to self-hack codes opposed to leeching them off of BBS's, since some LD
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companies post these codes on phreak oriented BBS's.
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Travelnet - Service owned by GM that uses WATS as well as local access
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numbers. Travelnet also accepts voice validation for its LD codes.
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TSPS - Traffic Service Position System. Operator that usually is the
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one that obtains billing information for Calling Card or 3rd number calls,
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identifies called customer on person-to-person calls, obtains acceptance of
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charges on collect calls, or identifies calling numbers. These operators
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have an ANI board and are the most dangerous type of operator.
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TWX - Telex II consisting of 5 teletypewriter area codes. These are
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owned by Western Union. These may be reached via another TWX machine
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running at 110 baud. You can send TWX messages via Easylink (800)325-4122.
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USDN - United States Digital Network. The US's version of the ISDN
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network.
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videotext - Generic term for a class of two-way, interactive data
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distribution systems with output typically handled as in teletext systems
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and input typically accepted through the telephone or public data network.
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WATS - Wide Area Telecommunications Service. These can be IN or OUT,
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see the appropriate sections.
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WATS Extender - These are the LD companies everyone hacks and phreaks
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off of in the 800 NPA. Remember, INWATS + OUTWATS = WATS Extender.
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white box - This is a portable DTMF keypad.
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XBAR - Crossbar. Crossbar is another type of switching equipment the
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fone company uses in some areas. There are three major types of Crossbar
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systems called No.1 Crossbar (1XB), No.4 Crossbar (4XB), and No.5 Crossbar
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(5XB). 5XB has been the primary end office switch of MA since the 60's and
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is still in wide use. There is also Crossbar Tandem (XBT) used for toll-
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switching.
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XBT - Crossbar Tandem. Used for toll-switching. See XBAR.
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YIPL - The classic "official" phreak's magazine. Now TAP.
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