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-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*** Jolly Box v4.00 Construction Plans ***
*** Software Manual for v4.3. ***
*** Latest revision: 1993-06-25 ***
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE CREATION OF THE
___ _ _ _
| | | | | \_/ __ |_| | | \/
\_| |_| |__ |__ | |_| |_| /\
Created By:
___ _
/_ // /_)_ _ _ _
(_/(_)//(_/ / \(_)(_)(_'/
/ (_/
Major Software Improvements/Additional Programming
and Hardware Improvements by:
Zaphod Beeblebrox of Control Team/I.C.S.
Hardware Version: v4.00, Software Version: v4.3
This has been a German/Swedish Co-Production between:
Beeblebrox Industries Unlimited (Sweden) / Unlimited Tollfree Access (Germany)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
For Ideas Bugreports additional developements and changes
we can be contacted on the following BBS's:
Eagles Nest: +46-18-262804
Nightbox +49-5861-8795
Jolly Roger understands both German and English, and I, Zaphod Beeblebrox
understands Swedish and English, and also a very little bit German. Just
feel free to contact any of us if you need help or just want to chat a bit!!
-----------------------------------------------------------------
General Info
The Jolly-Box is a hardware project realized by Jolly Roger. The first
version in release was v3.1, which I downloaded from a BBS. I started
thinking about making a more advanced version, and contacted Jolly Roger
about it, and here we are again, now with the German-Swedish Co product-
-ion of The Jolly-Box v4.3!!! All original hardware design was made by
Jolly Roger, as well as the main structures of the software for the 80C39
Intel CPU. The improvements to the hardware, and the programming for adding
all the new features to the v4.3 software was made by Zaphod Beeblebrox of
ICS/Control Team. The Jolly-Box is now the most advanced hardware box of
any kind, which plans are released to the public. We have included the
sourcecode for the CPU software, together with sources in GFA basic for
an assembler/dissassembler for 80C39, and software for calculating the
sine-wawe samples for the different tones. All of these GFA basic programs
were written by Jolly Roger on the Amiga, I only added some features for
compatibility with the Atari ST/STE series of computers. You'll find all
these sources in ASCII format also in this archive so that you can convert
them if you wanna use a Pc for example instead of an Atari or Amiga....
However, I must notify you of the fact that you'll have to find out what
trunk-frequencies you should use yourself, since we will only include the
standard CCITT #5 ones, so if you need anything special you'll have to code
them yourself!!!!
The hardware will cosists out of two single-sided boards, a
keypad and a phone speaker. Or, you might put a 3.5 mm phono jack on the box
and use a pair of freestyle headfones. I use that myself, with excellent
results.... Also, this looks more unsuspicious if you use it in a payfone...
Now, the rest is up to you. There is still some room left in the eprom for
additional routines, so you might add whatever you want to the box....
(Yeah, if you use a 2732 (4 Kb eprom) there is actually the whole second
2 Kbyte rom bank left for you, but I do think that we already have coded
most useful boxing routines needed for the box. If you feel that we left
something out, feel free to contact us about the improvements!!!!
-----------------------------------------------------------------
*** WARNING ***
The use of a bluebox is a criminal offence, and it's *YOUR* problem if you
get caught using one. We will accept no responsibility for your actions, we
just show you the theory behind the construction of a CPU controlled bluebox
and the use of this device on any phoneline without permission is strictly
forbidden!!!!!!! Now it's all up to you...........
Building this box is not a simple task. If you do not have good experience of
soldering together complicated circuit, do not attempt the constyruction of
this device. Ask somebody who does have experience to do it for you!!!!
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Parts List for Jollybox v4.00:
==============================
No: Description: Elfa Order #:
=== ============ =============
01 80C39 CPU 73-802-49
01 27C64 EPROM 73-729-31
01 27C010 EPROM 73-736-32
01 74LS373 73-726-00
02 74LS393 73-729-15
01 741 OP. 73-010-21
01 8-PIN SOCKET, 7.62MM 48-135-49
02 13-PIN SOCKET, 7.62MM 48-135-64
01 20-PIN SOCKET, 7.62MM 48-136-22
01 28 PIN SOCKET, 15.24MM 48-137-54
01 32 PIN SOCKET, 15.24MM 48-137-62
01 40 PIN SOCKET, 15.24MM 48-138-12
01 12-KEY TELEPHONE KEYPAD 35-678-07
01 1 POLE SPST SWITCH 35-355-31
01 3.5MM PH. JACK /W SWITCH 42-700-47
01 146*90*37MM PROJECT BOX 50-381-04
01 7805 5V POS.V. REGULATOR 73-090-08
01 10 MHZ CPU CRYSTAL 74-505-05
01 RED LED, 3MM 75-037-09
02 10 UF, ELECTROLYTIC 67-008-19
02 15 PF, CERAMIC 65-691-23
01 0.1 UF, CERAMIC 67-776-43
01 0.33 UF, CERAMIC 67-777-18
01 100 KOHM POT, LOG. 64-064-09
01 270 OHM, 5% 60-104-25
03 10 KOHM, 5% 60-106-15
03 100 KOHM, 5% 60-107-30
01 10 KOHM, 1% 60-734-23
01 20 KOHM, 1% 60-737-46
01 40.2 KOHM, 1% 60-741-08
01 80.6 KOHM, 1% 60-744-54
01 160 KOHM, 1% 60-747-77
01 324 KOHM, 1% 60-751-21
01 634 KOHM, 1% 60-754-85
01 1.3 MOHM, 1% 60-757-33
02 PCB'S /W PHOTORESIST 49-576-19
01 16 LEAD RIBBON CABLE,1M 55-660-54
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Building the Main-Board
This will be the hardest part! If you make one mistake, you will
not get any result, so if it doesn't work, check the Layout! Etched
boards can be obtained from Zaphod if you can manage to get hold of him,
for the cheap price of 150 Sek for a set of ready made circuitboards...
'8049BB1P.PCX' is the picture showing where on the PCB the components
should be placed. '8049BB1.PCX' and '8049BB1M.PCX' is the circuitboard as
seen from the back in normal and mirrored format. The same pictures exist
for the sample board too, but the they're called #2 instead of #1....
To get films for photo etching, either make your own layout from these pics,
or if you have a standard epson 9 or 24 pin printer, or a HP Laserjet
compatible laser, you can just print the files in the PCB_PRNT.LZH archive.
*.P9 Epson 9-Pin printer image files.
*.P24 Epson 24-Pin printer image files.
*.HPL HP-Laserjet printer image files.
*.HPD HP-Deskjet printer image files.
*.PCB PCB Layout files for PCB Layout v1.x on Atari ST.
Power up the main circuit board and test it with a power supply of
9V, 500mA. A normal 9V battery will do fine, but we do recommend
a real 9V DC power supply when the box is to be used indoors, since
normal batteries tend to run out quite fast, all these chips consume
quite a lot of current when the box is being used a lot. Check
the "power in" pins at the main board and check if there are 5V
comming out on the power out pins. Check if the clock jumper
shows a 666666 Hz signal on a meter or a scope based to ground.
If this is ok the power, processor, quarz is working. Now check
if one of the keyboard pins (p2-p7) based to ground shows a
frequenz (far under 666666 Hz). Congratulation: You did the
hardest part if it works. Now connect the keyboard with p2-p7
for lines and t0-t1 for the rows with the ribbon cable. See
KEYBOARD.IFF how the keys are connected to the boards. You can
check it, when the sample-board is done.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Building the Sample Board
'8049BB2P.PCX' shows where the components should be put, and '8049BB2.PCX',
and '8049BB2M.PCX' shows the back of the PCB in normal and inverted mode.
Put on all jumpers and sockets first. Then put on all bigger parts and
at least the ICs! Take the '27010SPL.ROM' file and program it into an
27010 eprom. Press the eprom into it's socket too.
Use a ribbon cable and connect both boards with S0-S5, B0-B1, +5v, GND, +9V
and then the keyboard on T0, T1 and K0-K5.... Look at the pictures for
details on how to modify either an 12-to-1 common ground pad or an X-Y matrix
keypad, any of these types will work for use with this box if you just know
how to modify them!!! For my box I used a Digikey 12 key X-Y matrix keypad
which I opened up and rewired to a 6-to-2 keypad. To easily describe what a
6-to-2 keypad is, look at it like this: The CPU will ground one of six KEY
lines at a time, for example K0 will ground keys 1 and 7. If K0 is grounded
and the key "1" is pressed, input T0 will read zero, and the CPU will register
that "1" was pressed. K0 will also send key "7" grounded, but here is the
difference: If "7" is pressed the CPU will detect this by checking if T1 is
grounded, keys 1,2,3,4,5,6 will ground T0 is pressed, and 7,8,9,*,0,# will
ground T1. Just look at the sourcecode for further details, as this is a
quite advanced hardware project indeed!!!
Connect the poty and speaker also. Note that on this stage you should use
the Jollybox TEST-ROM and not the v4.3 software. The test eprom will just
cycle through all samples in bank 0 of the sample rom, which is the 16
DTMF tones available in the box!!
Turn the poty to 1/4 of its resistance or less! Listen to the
telephone speaker, when you turn on the power.
Now you can hear the box playing it's DTMF tone sample bank....
If all is well so far, program the eprom with v4.3 software and connect
the telephone keypad to the box as well. Now when you turn on the box, you
can press and hold any of the keys 1-4 to invoke the samplebank self-test
mode, which will cycle through all tones in the samplebabnk corresponding
to the key you held down when you powered up the box. This mode is good for
adjusting the volume with the 100 kOhm variable resistor on the sampleboard.
Set the volume as loud as you can get it without getting too much distortion
as that is the best setting. Too high volume can result in difficulties when
you want to use the DTMF dialer for instance, distorted tones are no good!!!
Also, you will notice that when you use a 9V battery, you will get a kind of
background noise, this is because this design really needs a bit more current
than a 9V battery can supply. If you use the box from home, I'd suggest you
go and get a 9V DC power adaptor for it, approx 750 mA - 1A current. I use
one with 750 mA for my own box, works great! Version 4.3 of the software
also supports a new feature which I am planning to implement to the hard-
ware of the box, namley battery backed up ram. The 8039 CPU can save the
contents of the 128 byte ram memory if you supply it with 5V DC between
pins 26 and 20. This has not yet been implemented, but as the CPU in normal
operation would supply the power for pin 26 from the battery/DC adaptor, I
would suggest that you get a small 5.5 V battery backup capacitor or some
kind of battery. The CPU only consumes about 2 uA for the RAM battery
backup so a normal Lithium cell would last for a long time. However, do not
forget that if you are to do this before I have made the plans for it, you
better know what you are doing, as this is not a simple task if you're not
very experienced in building electronic projects. But now ya have the
software support for battery backed up operation at least.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Operating the BB
Manual for the ROM 4.3
If you turn on the power, all you will hear is silence. To activate the box
you must enter your 4 digit security code which you defined in the code before
you assembled it. The code is defined in label "AU_CODE:" in the source, and
you get it by taking the digits you want to have as the code and INVERT it, and
write it down in binary in the source. Look at this example: The default code
is "1234", lets first convert it to binary:
If we look it up in the table below, you'd soon realize that "1" in binary-inv
format would correspond to "11111110", so you'd write that down for code digit
number one. Do the same for the other 3 code digits. A special case is if you
want to include the digit 0 in the code, then you should have the JZ opcode
that jumps to the wrong-code routine jump to the next digit instead. If you
do not understand what I am talking about, then just don't use digit "0" in
your access code for the box!!! If somebody should enter an incorrect code,
the box will sound two beeps and enter the dumb-whitebox mode, and will just
act as a regular DTMF tone-dialer with digits 0-9 and *, #. When a correct
code is entered the box will sound three beeps and proceed to the bluebox
main-menu, with CCITT #5 R1 tones selected as default, and 40 ms duration
and 20 ms delay.
Dec: Binary: Inverted:
---- -------- ---------
"1" - 00000001 - 11111110
"2" - 00000010 - 11111101
"3" - 00000011 - 11111100
"4" - 00000100 - 11111011
"5" - 00000101 - 11111010
"6" - 00000110 - 11111001
"7" - 00000111 - 11111000
"8" - 00001000 - 11110111
"9" - 00001001 - 11110110
"0" - 00000000 - 11111111
After you have successfully powered up the box and entered the access code,
you now have a variety of options for different calls:
Whitebox:
Press the number (#) symbol to switch to whitebox. Now press any
key and the DTMF tone for that key will be hold until you release
it again. To exit the whitebox, press # again. The keys 0-9 will
generate the normal DTMF tones like a touch tone dialer.
*1=DTMF "*"
*2=DTMF "#"
*3=DTMF "A"
*4=DTMF "B"
*5=DTMF "C"
*6=DTMF "D"
Bluebox dial:
Press 0 to dial ram number #1, 1 to dial ram number #2. Press 20-27 to dial
numbers stored in phonebook #1. 30-37 is for dialing from fonebook #2...
Ram number #1 & #2 can be each up to 31 digits long, and the prefix can be up
to 15 digits. Do not enter any longer strings as I have no way of cehcking how
many digits ya enter to the poor little box!!!
Trunk and Seize:
To trunk locally in countries that use inband signalling use key 7 to send
an 1.5 second 2600 Hz tone. Key(s) 8 and 9 will generate international trunk
tones for boxing off other countries. 8 will send universal trunk #1, 9
will send universal trunk #2. If you should call by sattelite, press 4 to send
a DHLS clipping disable signal. This will give you better line quality....
Universal Trunk #1 can be altered using the *8 menu, look further in the
manual for details on how to do this. Note that your changes will be lost when
you turn the box off, as I have no battery backed up ram on it so far!!!!
Keys 5 and 6 generate Redbox tones for Dime and Quarter, works in US and most
likely in some other countries too. Press **0 to enter a new dialing prefix, the
default prefix is 2460 (KP2+460), end input with # key. The first digit should
be 1 or 2, standing for KP1 or KP2!! If you use 3 as the first digit, the number
will be outpulsed i DTMF instead of Mf or any other kind of bluebox tones.
Universal trunk #1 is 2400/2600 Hz for 130 ms, pause 1.75 sec, 2400 Hz for 300 ms.
Universal trunk #2 is 2400/2600 Hz for 130 ms, pause 2.00 sec, 2400 Hz for 130 ms.
The trunk tones may be reprogrammed at your convenience by alterin the labels named
TRUNK1N, TRUNK2N and LTRUNKN in the 8049 assembler source code.
Trunking Timing sub-menu.
=========================
*80X = Change Trunk Tone #1 Duration, X=20 ms steps.
*81X = Change Trunk Tone #2 Duration, X=20 ms steps.
*82X = Change Trunk Tone #3 Duration, X=20 ms steps.
*83X = Change Trunk Tone #4 Duration, X=20 ms steps.
*84X = Change Trunk Tone #1 Delay, X=20 ms steps.
*85X = Change Trunk Tone #2 Delay, X=20 ms steps.
*86X = Change Trunk Tone #3 Delay, X=20 ms steps.
*87X = Change Trunk Tone #4 Delay, X=20 ms steps.
*88X = Change Trunk Tone #1 Sample, X=0-15. (#=Skip, no tone!!!)
*89X = Change Trunk Tone #2 Sample, X=0-15. (#=Skip, no tone!!!)
*8*X = Change Trunk Tone #3 Sample, X=0-15. (#=Skip, no tone!!!)
*8#X = Change Trunk Tone #4 Sample, X=0-15. (#=Skip, no tone!!!)
Dialing Timing sub-menu.
========================
*90X = Change M-f Tone Duration, X=20 ms steps.
*91X = Change M-f Tone Delay, X=20 ms steps.
Timetable for all tone duration/delay keys:
===========================================
0 = 000 ms 1 = 020 ms 2 = 040 ms
3 = 060 ms 4 = 080 ms 5 = 100 ms
6 = 120 ms 7 = 140 ms 8 = 160 ms
9 = 180 ms * = 250 ms # = 500 ms
Custom Trunktone Frequence/Key Table:
=====================================
0 = $00 - 2400/2600 Hz
1 = $01 - 2400/2400 Hz
2 = $02 - 2040/2040 Hz
3 = $03 - 2040/2400 Hz
4 = $04 - 2280/2280 Hz
5 = $05 - 2600/2600 Hz
6 = $06 - 2100/2100 Hz
7 = $07 - Spare 2
8 = $08 - Spare 3
9 = $09 - 480/620 Hz (US Ringing Tone)
* = $0a - 350/440 Hz (US Dialtone)
X = $0b - 440/480 Hz (US Busy)
X = $0c - 440/440 Hz (Sw. Dialt & Busy).
X = $0d - 460/460 Hz (German Tone).
X = $0e - 1700/2200 Hz (US/DK Redbox)
# = $0f - Silence (Empty!!!).
Tones marked with "X" are not in use for trunking, and cannot be used.
The custom trunking freq consists of 2 tones, a predefined pause of
1.5 second, and then another two tones. If you do not wish to use a
total of four tones, you should enter "#" at the tones you do not want
to use, and enter a duration of 0 ms for them. Just use your knowledge
of phreaking and you'll understand what I am talking about. After all,
this box is only intended to be used by people who already knows alot
about phreaking and telecommunications.
The default settings for the user-costomizable trunk is the following:
Tone1: SPL: $00, Length: 130, Delay: 250
Tone2: SPL: $0f, Length: 000, Delay: 000
Tone3: SPL: $0f, Length: 000, Delay: 000
Tone4: SPL: $01, Length: 300, Delay: 000
Test-Mode for testing sample rom and volume:
If you press 1-4 while turning on, you get all the tones of the
sample bank you choosed...
Enter number:
Press **0 to enter a new dialling prefix.
Press **1 to enter ram resident number #1.
Press **2 to enter ram resident number #2.
While entering a number, use * to enter special tones like the DTMF *,
# and ABCD tones. For DTMF, *1=*, *2=#, *3-*6=ABCD. The same goes for bluebox
mode. The first digit entered is very important. A 0 means dial prefix, then
outpulse the rest of the number. A 1 means outpulse KP1 tone and then dial in
the bluebox tone mode currently in use. A 2 means the same as above, but
oupulse KP2 instead of KP1. To finish entering the number/prefix, press #.
In bluebox mode, the * key together with keys 1-6 also have important uses.
In mode 0: In mode 1 & 2:
========== ==============
*1 = DTMF "*" *1 = Code 11
*2 = DTMF "#" *2 = Code 12
*3 = DTMF "A" *3 = KP1
*4 = DTMF "B" *4 = KP2
*5 = DTMF "C" *5 = ST
*6 = DTMF "D" *6 = 1850 Hz DHLS
Of course these keys also have special uses in CCITT #4, but as we do not
know very much about CCITT #4 you'll have to figure them out by yourself.
Anyway, according to the CCITT #4 documentation that I got the keys should be
defined as:
*1 = Code 11
*2 = Code 12
*3 = Space Code I
*4 = Incoming Half Echo Supressor
*5 = Space Code II
*6 = End of Pulsing (ST).
The KP1 and KP2 signals are not part of the binary coded digit signals in
CCITT #4, and can only be sent at the start of dialing.
Prefix:
Press **0 to enter a prefix. Press 1 for KP1 and 2 for KP2, 3 for DTMF mode.
Enter the full prefix and stop with #. If you have a phonebook with
numbers of austria, you have to dial b430....So just enter 0-XXXXXX-ST
in your phonebook. When you dial a number with 0 at the begining, the
prefix will be added. This is an additional function, which is
not necessary for normal calls. The prefix default is B460.
The entered numbers including prefix will be erased and set to
default when turn off and on the BB.
Special Functions:
*0 - Select Sample Bank 0. (DTMF, All 16 Tones).
*1 - Select Sample Bank 1. (CCITT #5-R1).
*2 - Select Sample Bank 2. (CCITT #5-R2).
*3 - Select Sample Bank 3. (Break/Simulation Tones).
*4 - Select CCITT #4 Mode.
*# - Enter Special Tone Simulation Mode
In CCITT #4 mode, you can only dial the numbers stored in RAM position(s)
one and two, and the trunk keys 8 and 9 will send CCITT #4 clear forward and
xfer forward signals. These signals are coded according to the CCITT's own
specifications, buit has not yet been tested as of todays date. Hopefully
they'll work fine, but we haven't had any possibility of testing them yet.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Special Tone Simulation Mode:
1 - Swedish Dialtone
2 - Swedish Busy Tone
3 - Swedish Ring-Tone
4 - US Dialtone
5 - US Busy Tone
6 - US Ring-Tone
7 - Swedish Reorder Tone
8 - US Reorder Tone
9 - Greenbox Ringback Tone, 1000 ms
0 - Greenbox Coin Return Tone, 1000 ms
* - 2600 Hz Wink, 90 ms
# - Return to Main-Menu
-----------------------------------------------------------------
How to create a phonebook
=========================
Take the "8049vXX.rom". this will be the file, which you have to
program into the eprom for the CPU. Insert Phonebook 1 and 2 at
$300-$3ff in the binary rom file for the 8049 program eprom, and
after that, burn the program onto the 2764 eprom. Also, if you want
to have CCITT #4 capabilities in your box, do not forget to program
the 64 byte file "CCITT4.BIN" at $5C0 on the program rom. This file
contains the 16 binary coded CCITT #4 signals...... Run the program
BIN_INS.GFA to automatically insert the CCITT #4 data and the phone-
book at the proper places in the .ROM file for you.....
If you like modified this plan, I will give you an idea, how you
can create a phonebook by your own. The Rom for the CPU goes
from $0000-$07ff. The Phonebook goes from $0300-$03ff for 10-17,
20-27.
An example is shown here:
$0300: 02 04 09 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 20 00 00 00 : b49012345678c... 10
$0310: 01 00 09 00 03 01 04 01 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 : a0903141c....... 11
$0320: 00 04 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : 040123456c...... 12
$0330: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 13
$0340: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 14
$0350: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 15
$0360: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 16
$0370: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 17
$0380: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 20
$0390: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 21
$03a0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 22
$03b0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 23
$03c0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 24
$03d0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 25
$03e0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 26
$03f0: 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 : ................ 27
Each of the 16 Bytes are one phonenumber. On the Right are the
Digits to press, when you want to dial them. For the number at
$0300 press 1 folowed by 0! Enter the number like you would do,
when you enter it directly. Use $01 for 'kp1' or $02 for 'kp2',
$00 for prefix and $03 for DTMF dialing.
Then enter the digits: $00 for '0'...$09 for '9'. The last
digit has to be a $20. The bluebox will add the 'st'-code.
In this example the first number is 'B49012345678C'. It will call
Germany: 0123/45678. The second will call rout operator.
The third will call (prefix40123456). Use as prefix b490 for
this example if this is a german number.
The maximum is 15 Digits and $20 for st. If you like numbers
with more than 16 digits, just go on and use the next line of the
next number. The compuer will dial until it gets a $20 code. If
this isn't still enough, use more and more.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
ASS80XX
Written by Jolly Roger for the Jolly-Box
There is a short descripion of the 8049 assembler for the Jolly-Box. It is
necessary because you need to modify the source to your own developing.
It includes all opcodes.
The format must be as followed:
-No case sensity
-Only one opcode in one line and one label
label: clr a
label2:
jmp label
-You can use Decimal, Hex or Binary for values
mov a,=128
mov a,=$80
mov a,=%10000000
-Characters after a semikolon will be ignored until the next line
clr a ;set accu to zero
-Use space as well as tab to seperate. Seperations between label and opcode,
opcode and semikolon are not necessary.
-Jumps must always jump to a label, numeric is not allowed
If you like to skip to a memory page:
page 2
will skip to byte 512 of memory. If it is already passed an error will occure.
Remember that only JMP and CALL can jump to an adress within a page of 256!
How the opcodes work refer to the 8049 manual.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
published by a member of
___ ____ _
/_ _/_ _ _ ___/._ _ __ / /_ //_/_ _ _
(_// )/(_'/ / )(_///(_)/ )(_// /(_)// // (_'(_'
___
/_ /_ _ _ _ _
/ /(_ (_ (_'_) _)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Downloaded from NIGHT-BOX
----------------------------
__ __ ___ _______ ___ __ ________
/ /\/ /\ / //\ / ___ /\ / //\/ /\/__ __/\
/ \/ / // // // //_/_/ // //_/ / /\_/ //\_\/ The ACF-BBS
/ / // // // //__\_\// __ / / / // / -------------
/ /\ / // // // //_\ /\ / // / / / / // / SysOps
/_/ /_/ //__/ //______/ //__/ /_/ / /__/ / Pooky & Jacky
\_\/\_\/ \__\/ \______\/ \__\/\_\/ \__\/
05861 8795 (new number!)
_______ _______ __ ___
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