614 lines
27 KiB
Plaintext
614 lines
27 KiB
Plaintext
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***********************************************************
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* *
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* *
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* Modern Database of Network Terms *
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* *
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* Alphabetically Listed *
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* *
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* Part 1 *
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* *
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* *
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* *
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* Another Modernz Presentation *
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* *
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* by *
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* Digital-demon *
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* *
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* (C)opyright December 29, 1992 *
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***********************************************************
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***********************************************************
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The Modernz can be contacted at:
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MATRIX BBS - SySops: Wintermute & Digital-demon
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(908)905-6691
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The Church of Rodney - Sysop: Tal Meta
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(908)830-7960
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***********************************************************
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Also can be reached at :
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Hellfire BBS - SANctuary World HQ
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Sysop: Red
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(908)495-3926
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**********************************************************
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This Series of Text philes should be informative
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for the Novice as well as those experienced. Terminology
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tends to get convoluted at times, but it should be a great
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way for a newbie to learn the ropes, before hounding thier
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mentor with hundreds of questions.
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***********************************************************
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$0
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==
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Symbol used in Tymfile macros to indicate that the value of a number
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is hexadecimal.
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$8
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==
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Symbol used in Tymfile macros to indicate that the value of a number
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is octal.
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$A
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==
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Symbol used in Tymfile macros to indicate that the value of a number
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is decimal.
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0x
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==
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C or UNIX system convention to denote hexadecimal numbers.
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2400 bps
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========
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A BT North America enhanced service that allows asynchronous terminals
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and PCs to access the TYMNET network by way of high-speed dial-up or
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leased-line communications.
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2780/3780/HASP
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==============
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Various bisynchronous protocols used for Remote Job Entry (RJE)
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stations.
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286
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===
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PC with an Intel 80286 chip.
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3270
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====
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A data stream with its own commands. Also a family of IBM equipment.
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3270 Character Mode Translator (CMT)
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====================================
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A BT North America product that gives an asynchronous ASCII terminal
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the ability to access a 3270/SNA bisynchronous host computer.
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3270 SNA 3270 BSC 3270 SNA-to-BSC
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=================================
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Three services that work within the boundaries of an SNA network to
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provide the means for single end-user devices to be supported
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independently. Thus, different devices on the same control unit can
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select different host destinations.
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386
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===
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PC with an Intel 80386 chip.
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ABRM
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====
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Asynchronous Balanced Response Mode.
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Absolute Channel Number (ACN)
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=============================
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The number (index) assigned to an individual channel within Node Code
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to map a single user's traffic across an internodal link. ACNs, which
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consist of a subrange of relative channels or ports, are used by the
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Dispatcher (RPORT) and Node Code (channels).
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access
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======
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A user's ability to read or write information to or from a host on a
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network.
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Access Profile Entry (APE)
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==========================
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An entry constructed by NETVAL, stored in the MUD, and used by the
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Supervisor. Consists of a pair of origination and destination lists
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that control the allowable origination and destination of the username.
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access time
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===========
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The time interval between the instant a request for data is made to the
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host and the instant in which the data is received at the host.
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ACCOUNT
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=======
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A slave of the Supervisor program that reads the Accounting file on
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the Supervisor disk and sends that data to the Raw Accounting Merger
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(RAM) program. ACCOUNT is resident in a pseudoslot in the Supervisor.
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Acknowledgment (ACK)
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====================
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The signal from the receiver to the sender acknowledging that a packet
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or message has been correctly received.
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ACN
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===
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Absolute Channel Number. The number (index) assigned to an individual
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channel within Node Code to map a single user's traffic across an
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internodal link. ACNs, which consist of a subrange of relative
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channels or ports, are used by the Dispatcher (RPORT) and Node Code
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(channels).
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acoustic coupler
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================
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A type of telecommunications equipment that transfers audio-range
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signals to or from a telephone line without an electrical connection
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to the telephone line. This device uses a microphone, speaker, or
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associated circuitry into which a telephone handset is placed. Also,
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the name for a modem so equipped.
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ACP
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===
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Active Channel Port. A bit array used to indicate the status (in use
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or available) of channels.
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active channel
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==============
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A channel in use; it is not available for circuit-building.
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Active Channel Port (ACP)
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=========================
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A bit array used to indicate the status (in use or available) of
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channels.
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ACU
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===
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Automatic Calling Unit. A unit that generates dial pulses or tones
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to a telephone network in response to signals from a computer or
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business machine.
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address
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=======
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A label, number, or name that designates a particular location in
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storage or any other data destination or source.
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Address Translation Table (ATT)
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===============================
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An address table that specifies the mapping among a slot's logical,
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physical, and VMEbus addresses for the Paged Memory Management Unit
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(PMMU). Maintained by the ISIS-68K Kernel, in the Turbo Engine.
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Addressing codes
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================
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see DNIC and TNIC.
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Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
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===================================================
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A packet-switching network, supported by the Department of Defense,
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that pioneered packet technology.
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Also called DARPANET (Defense ARPANET).
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AFC
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===
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Automatic Frequency Control.
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agent
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=====
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The vehicle for communication between a client on a remote host and
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a Turbo-SCP end service.
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AI
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==
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Artificial Intelligence. Also, Automatic Identification.
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AID
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===
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Attention Identification. A nondisplayable key used by the operator on
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an IBM 3270 terminal to gain the attention of the 3270 application
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program. The AID key serves two read functions: short read, which
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requests immediate action from the application program (host), and
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long read, which enables the operator to send data to the application.
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Airline Link Control Character Mode (ALCC)
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==========================================
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A Character Mode Translator (CMT) program that translates ASCII to
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IBM 2946 Terminal Control subsystems. See Character Mode Translator.
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ALO
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===
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Automatic Login Option.
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ALU
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===
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* Arithmetic Logic Unit. A unit of a computing system that performs the
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various arithmetic and logical functions.
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* Average Link per User. The average number of links that user circuits
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traverse in a network.
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AM
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==
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Amplitude Modulation. Modulation in which the amplitude of the carrier
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(high-frequency wave) is subject to variation.
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Contrast with Frequency Modulation (FM).
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American (National) Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
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=====================================================================
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A standard data-transmission character code in which all characters
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(including letters, numerals, punctuation marks, and control
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characters) are encoded using 7 bits for a total of 128 unique
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characters; widely used by computers and data terminals. Many PCs use
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the ASCII character set with 8 bits per character (7 bits plus a
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parity bit), giving a total of 256 unique characters.
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American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
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============================================
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An organization that coordinates industry standards in the United
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States. This organization is the United States' version of the CCITT,
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International 5 and International Standards Organization (ISO) 646.
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amplitude
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=========
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Measurement (peak, root-mean-square, maximum) of a signal (in volts)
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based on the amount of variation from its zero value.
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Amplitude Modulation (AM)
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=========================
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Modulation in which the amplitude of the carrier (high-frequency wave)
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is subject to variation. Contrast with Frequency Modulation (FM).
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analog computer
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===============
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A computer that mainly uses analog representations of data. For
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example, voltages or currents can be used to represent the variables
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in a differential equation to be solved by an analog computer.
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Contrast with digital computer.
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analog signal
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=============
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A continuous waveform composed of sine waves. Each sine wave has the
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following varying characteristics: amplitude, frequency, and phase.
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Contrast with digital signal.
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analysis
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========
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An NTD phase, during product development, that defines the product and
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other considerations such as business issues and risk factors.
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ANSI
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====
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American National Standards Institute. An organization that coordinates
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industry standards in the United States. This organization is the
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United States version of the CCITT, International 5 and International
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Standards Organization (ISO) 646.
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APL
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===
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A (high-level) programming language originally developed as a
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mathematical problem-solving tool.
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AppleTalk
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=========
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Apple Computer proprietary network platform that provides a means to
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connect four major environments (DEC, IBM TCP/IP, and OSI) to the
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Macintosh environment at the Physical level. Runs at less than
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.25 Mbps. See LocalTalk. See also Local Area Network.
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Application level
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=================
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Level 7 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The
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Application level selects the appropriate overall network service
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for the user application. It contains recommendations for the specific
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user programs; ideally the network below should be completely
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transparent to the end user.
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application program
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===================
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A program intended to solve a specific type of problem beyond the
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normal operation of the computer itself.
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Application Specific
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====================
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A custom integrated circuit designed to perform a specific
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Integrated Circuit (ASIC)function. For example, a gate array.
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APSS
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====
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Automatic Port Switch System. An optional component of a TYMNET
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network that provides automatic backup to the Engine processor in
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the event of a hardware or software failure. See Internally Switched
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Interface System Recovery Module (ISRM).
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arbiter
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=======
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A function module that accepts bus requests from requestor modules and
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grants control of the Data Transfer Bus (DTB) to one requestor at a
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time. See VMEbus.
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arbitration
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===========
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The process of assigning control of the data transfer bus (DTB) to a
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requestor. A function of the arbiter.
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architecture
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============
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The overall design and/or arrangement of the various elements
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comprising a complex computer or communications system. Also, the
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internal configuration of a computer including its registers,
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instruction set, and I/O structure.
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argument
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========
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The actual value entered for a parameter when a macro, equate
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statement, Configuration file parameter, or command is defined.
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Synonymous with parameter value.
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Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
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===========================
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A unit of a computing system that performs the various arithmetic
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and logical functions.
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ARM
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===
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Asynchronous Response Mode.
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ARPANET
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=======
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Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. A packet switching
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network, supported by the Department of Defense, that pioneered
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packet technology. Also called DARPANET (Defense ARPANET).
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array
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=====
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A list or table of elements identified by a single name. Generally,
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an array is stored in consecutive storage locations in memory. The
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array itself is considered a single variable, but each of its
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elements can be accessed individually and can be considered a
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single variable as well.
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ASCII
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=====
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American (National) Standard Code for Information Interchange.
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A standard data-transmission character code in which all characters
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(including letters, numerals, punctuation marks, and control
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characters) are encoded using 7 bits for a total of 128 unique
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characters; widely used by computers and data terminals. Many PCs
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use the ASCII character set with 8 bits per character (7 bits plus
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a parity bit), giving a total of 256 unique characters.
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ASIC
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====
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Application Specific Integrated Circuit. A custom integrated circuit
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designed to perform a specific function. For example, a gate array.
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assembler
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=========
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A computer program or hardware device that translates statements from
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one form to another, such as source code (programming language) to
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object code (machine-readable language). Contrast with compiler.
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assembly language
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=================
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A set of mnemonics that represents machine code instructions and allows
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programmers to write machine language programs without having to work
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with the actual binary values.
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asymmetrical duplex
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===================
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In duplex mode, one channel transmits data at a higher speed than
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another channel.
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Async-to-3270 XE
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================
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A BT North America enhanced service. Async-to-3270 XE (Extended
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Edition) provides worldwide access to mainframe 3270 applications for
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remote PCs. This service eliminates the need for 3270 synchronous
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cards, modems, mainframe software, and protocol converter boxes at the
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host site. See TYMNET78.
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asynchronous
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============
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A transmission method, in data communications, in which each character
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or block of characters is individually synch- ronized (sent one
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discrete character at a time). Each is delineated by one start and one
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or more stop bits, indicating the beginning and end of a character.
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The gap (timing refer- erence) between each character or word is not a
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fixed length. Contrast with synchronous.
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Asynchronous Terminal Concentrator (ATC)
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========================================
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A BT North America product that provides access to a TYMNET network for
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up to eight asynchronous terminals. The ATC converts data from the
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terminals into BT North America synchronous internodal protocol and
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concentrates it on one or two network lines.
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ATC
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===
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Asynchronous Terminal Concentrator. A BT North America product that
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provides access to a TYMNET network for up to eight asynchronous
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terminals. The ATC converts data from the terminals into BT North
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America synchronous internodal protocol and concentrates it on one or
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two network lines.
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ATI
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===
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Asynchronous Terminal Interface.
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ATT
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===
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Address Translation Table. An address table that specifies the mapping
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among a slot's logical, physical, and VMEbus addresses for the Paged
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Memory Management Unit (PMMU). Maintained by the ISIS-68K Kernel, in
|
|
the Turbo Engine.
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|
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|
attention character
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|
===================
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A user-selected ASCII character that begins a Circuit Multiplexer
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(MUX) command sequence when the MUX is in Send or Talk mode.
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Attention Identification (AID)
|
|
==============================
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|
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A nondisplayable key used by the operator on an IBM 3270 terminal to
|
|
gain the attention of the 3270 application program. The AID key serves
|
|
two read functions: short read, which requests immediate action from
|
|
the application program (host), and long read, which enables the
|
|
operator to send data to the application.
|
|
|
|
attenuation
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===========
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The decrease in amplitude of a signal during its transmission from one
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point to another. This power loss can be caused by equipment, lines,
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distance, or the transmission devices. It may be expressed as a ratio
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or in decibels.
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autoanswer modem
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================
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A modem that responds to a telephone call without operator intervention
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Automatic Calling Unit (ACU)
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============================
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A unit that generates dial pulses or tones to a telephone network in
|
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response to signals from a computer or business machine.
|
|
|
|
Automatic Calling Unit (ACU) dialer
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===================================
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A dialing device that permits an ACU server slot to automatically dial
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calls to a remote terminal through the public telephone service.
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Automatic Calling Unit (ACU) Server
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===================================
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The BT North America product that supports high-speed calls to remote
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2780/3780 terminals. The ACU Server operates in conjunction with a
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BT North America binary synchronous interface.
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Automatic Port Switch System (APSS)
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===================================
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An optional component of a TYMNET network that provides automatic
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backup to the Engine processor in the event of a hardware or software
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failure.
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See Internally Switched Interface System Recovery Module (ISRM).
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auxiliary memory
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================
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A type of storage that is separate from the computer but capable of
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storing information in the form presented by the computer. Examples
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of auxiliary memory are a magnetic disk or a magnetic tape.
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auxiliary virtual circuit
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=========================
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A circuit, requested by a host, that connects two hosts (any
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addressable entity is a host in a TYMNET network). An auxiliary
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circuit may be requested by a user logged into a host through a normal
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circuit, or by a program that automatically requests an auxiliary
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circuit.
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Average Link per User (ALU)
|
|
===========================
|
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The average number of links that user circuits traverse in a network.
|
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|
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|
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|
|
***********************************************************
|
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|
|
May the Modernz live forever
|
|
MATRIX BBS (908)905-6691
|