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-----=====Earth's Dreamlands=====-----
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(313)558-5024 {14.4} (313)558-5517
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A BBS for text file junkies
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RPGNet GM File Archive Site
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.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.
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______________________________________________________________________
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issue number 1 june 5, 1992 // ///
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Address all correspondence to mlepore@mcimail.com
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CONTENTS
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________
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#1.01 Introduction ........................ Mike Lepore
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#1.02 Preamble to the IWW Constitution .... The Industrial Workers
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of the World
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#1.03 Declaration of Principles ........... The Industrial Union
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Party
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#1.04 Our Goal ............................ The New Union Party
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#1.05 What is Socialism? .................. The De Leonist Society
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______________________________________________________________________
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ORGANIZED THOUGHTS is dedicated to the organization of the working
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class to establish industrial democracy. Compilation copyright 1992
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by M. Lepore. This document may be freely reproduced and distributed
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by the general public, in electronic or printed form. Please upload
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this publication to your local BBS's, and send copies to your friends.
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______________________________________________________________________
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#1.01 Introduction ........................ Mike Lepore
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______________________________________________________________________
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|||||| What am I trying to do?
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||||||
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|||||| ORGANIZED THOUGHTS is a new publication distributed
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|||||| internationally by electronic mail, and by upload to BBS
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|||||| file libraries. It is dedicated to discussing the idea
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|||||| of INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY through INDUSTRIAL UNIONISM.
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||||||
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|||||| Even if you disagree with what you read here, you will
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|||||| find this journal to be quite educational. Debates about
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|||||| principles and strategies are welcome.
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||||||
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|||||| As you shall see, there are a number of organizations and
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individuals promoting this goal, industrial democracy,
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with somewhat similar programs for attaining it. Some of them believe
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that the programs of the others are lacking some features which are
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necessary to make these programs workable, or they may use terminology
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differently. I encourage the various organizations to submit articles
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explaining these matters in their own words, but I will endeavor to be
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fair when paraphrasing them.
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I'm not a member of any political or economic organization. I try
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to remain on friendly terms with anyone who aims uncompromisingly at
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the education and organization of the working class, for the
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attainment of workers' self-management, in a classless society.
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The organizations with position statements excerpted in this document
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are independent. When various groups and individuals submit articles
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to this forum, or grant me permission to reproduce their documents,
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this should not be interpreted to mean that they are affiliated with
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each other.
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This journal is an experiment in compiling letters and articles into a
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publically-available archive of text files. I hope that an electronic
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database of working class literature of all types will eventually be
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created, and that this publication will be absorbed into it in some
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way.
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I have called it ORGANIZED THOUGHTS for two reasons:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The first reason is that a world free of exploitation can be
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established only if the international working class consciously and
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properly organizes to construct it. This forum is dedicated to
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thoughts about why and how the working class must be organized. We
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need to discuss why organization is essential, what's wrong with the
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types of organization that have been attempted in the past, what kind
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of organization is considered viable, and what life will be like after
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we organize society in an improved way.
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The second reason for calling it ORGANIZED THOUGHTS is that the
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material included here needs to be organized according to the limited
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available space. While there are many bulletin board conferences
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suitable for humorous or divergent conversation, this particular forum
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will need to be condensed to emphasize education and rational
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argument. There will be some emphasis on "classic reprints", like the
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works of Marx and Engels, and the official positions declared by
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various groups. In addition, your manuscripts on related subject are
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invited.
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~~ A CHALLENGE TO THE READER ~~
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The intellectual challenge to you, the reader, is to compare and
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contrast the ideas you read here.
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In what ways are they similar, and in what ways different?
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What questions, regarding the social goal and how to get there, are
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left unanswered?
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If you agree with a statement: Are the best possible arguments being
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given? Can you improve the argument, or add supportive facts?
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If you disagree with a statement: Are your disagreements due to doubt
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about reported facts, or due to reading what you consider logical
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fallacies, or differences in value-judgements, i.e., what you consider
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"right", what kind of world you would prefer to live in?
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Your conclusions should be tentative, since more complete statements
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of the viewpoints of others will be given in the near future.
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Caution: Beware of the tendency to fill in the gaps with your
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imagination, as a result of stereotypes conveyed by the media. For
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example, you may have been told repeatedly that collective ownership
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of industry is synonymous with management by a Big Brother state.
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However, in fact, the contributors to this journal come from a
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philosophical sector that is opposed to all social regimentation and
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the repressive powers of the state -- ANY state.
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~~ THE GOAL AND THE PROGRAM ~~
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The goal of the industrial democracy movement is to abolish the wage
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system, i.e., the system in which members of one social class, the
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many who do NOT own capital, in order to live, must seek and obtain
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employment by another social class, the few who own capital. The goal
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is to abolish class distinction itself, so that all members of society
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will be equal participants in the industrial management process.
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Industrial democracy will be a social system in which society as a
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whole will use the principle of majority vote to decide what goods and
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services shall be provided, what characteristics these goods and
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services shall have, and when, where and how the product shall be
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distributed. Whenever administrative tasks are delegated to
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supervisors or management committees, these shall be elected directly
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by their workplace constituency. No appointees shall exist in any
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management positions.
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Industrial unionism is the principle of organizing the entire working
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class into a single workplace-based association, or industrial union,
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so that the workers' own association can take over the management
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role. This is to implemented without giving any power to "leaders" or
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a "vanguard party".
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~~ THE BALLOT QUESTION ~~
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There are two main schools of thought in the movement to build
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industrial democracy through industrial unionism.
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One is the viewpoint that the industrial union will be
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self-sufficient, and it will not offer the workers advice regarding
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whether they should pull levers in the voting booth, or, if so, which
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ones. Political activity, like religion, is considered a matter of
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individual choice. It is believed that politics in the union only
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divides the workers while they should be uniting.
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Emphasis is placed on the fact that, because the workers are in
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physical possession of the tools of production every day, and produce
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all wealth, therefore economic actions, if planned wisely, will give
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us an irresistible power to change the world. These actions might
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include not only such tactics as strikes and slow-downs, but may, if
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necessary, also include a general strike of all labor. "Direct"
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economic action is emphasized, which means action that organized
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workers can do by themselves, for themselves, without reliance on
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benevolent politicians or other supposed allies.
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The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), founded in 1905, is
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probably the main advocate of this perspective. (The IWW members
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often refer to themselves by the nickname "Wobblies".)
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The other point of view is that the working class should unite into
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one political movement as well as into one industrial union. Some of
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the reasons cited for using the ballot are: to use political
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campaigns as educational vehicles; to enact a constitutional mandate
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for industrial democracy, which the union's economic might will
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enforce; to maximize the chances that the social transformation will
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be made peacefully; to keep the movement above-ground instead of
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persecuted, to the greatest extent possible; and to dismantle the
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political state, which is always an instrument of some sort of ruling
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class.
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It is important to note that it is NOT the goal to have this political
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party rule society through the state, as in the so-called "Communist"
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systems. The party is considered a temporary expediency, while the
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industrial union is given the entire positive and constructive role.
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This dual political-industrial program was set forth by Daniel De Leon
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in the first decade of this century. There are several organizations
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which show the influence of De Leonist principles, such as the De
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Leonist Society, the New Union Party, and the Industrial Union Party,
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in addition to several others. These various groups seem to disagree
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primarily on the question of what is the best type of internal
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organization for the political party, the degree of correctness and
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effectiveness of certain tactics and terminology, and similar matters.
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This may or may not be an unusual opinion, but I do not think of any
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of these organizations as being in competition with each other. I
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personally view all of them as doing important work, all of them
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contributing, in their own way.
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~~ THAT MISUNDERSTOOD WORD "SOCIALISM" ~~
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ALWAYS keep in mind that the organizations whose position statements
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are reproduced here are advocating something that has never been
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instituted, anywhere.
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'Time' magazine and the network news are pounding you with frequent
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repetition of the phrase "the failure of socialism". This is likely
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to cause confusion, unless you remember that all the bureaucratic and
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undemocratic state-run experiments of the past and present are
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completely unrelated to the genuine Industrial Democracy that is under
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discussion in this forum. There are many reasons to object to the
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liberal Welfare State ideal, and the Bolshevik police-state ideal.
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The miserable failure of these pseudo-socialist ventures is no
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reflection on "social ownership of industry", as the term is properly
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understood.
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Most people associate words such as "collectivism" and "socialism"
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with government ownership or government regulation. If you are going
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to make any sense out of the typical articles you'll read here, you'll
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need to forget that word association. The subject of this document is
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a movement that does NOT advocate any nationalization, or government
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ownership or control, and is absolutely opposed to this approach.
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Instead, the workers' own association is to be transformed into a
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democratic form of management.
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Most people associate the words "collectivism" and "socialism" with a
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sequence of reforms, intended, at least in theory, to bring the people
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some relief from the excesses of class rule. Or this reformism is
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intended as part of a stepping-stone or evolutionary approach, based
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on the belief that social ownership can be instituted gradually.
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That's another word association I'll ask you to set aside when you
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read the documents of the industrial democracy movement. You might
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hear them say that reform efforts are unavoidable, but entirely
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inadequate for the building of a sane society. On the other hand, you
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might read the viewpoint that reform demands are harmful, because
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expending effort to repair junk, before throwing it away, leaves one
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psychologically and intellectually unprepared to throw it away. This
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is roughly the spectrum of opinions within the industrial union
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movement regarding the incremental reform of class rule.
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~~ WELCOME ! ~~
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Be sure not to miss the future issues of this publication. More
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information on these vital issues will be on its way to you.
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______________________________________________________________________
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#1.02 Preamble to the IWW Constitution .... The Industrial Workers
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of the World
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______________________________________________________________________
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|||||| The IWW Preamble, in its present form, was ratified in
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|||||| 1908. The IWW publishes the newspaper THE INDUSTRIAL
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|||||| WORKER monthly ($10 per year).
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|||||| Industrial Workers of the World
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|||||| 1095 Market St., Suite 204
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|||||| San Francisco, CA 94103
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The working class and the employing class have nothing in
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common. There can be no peace as long as hunger and want are found
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among millions of working people, and the few, who make up the
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employing class, have all the good things of life.
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Between these two classes a struggle must go on until the
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workers of the world organize as a class, take possession of the earth
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and the machinery of production, and abolish the wage system.
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We find that the centering of the management of industries into
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fewer and fewer hands makes the trade unions unable to cope with the
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ever-growing power of the employing class. The trade unions foster a
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state of affairs which allows one set of workers to be pitted against
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another set of workers in the same industry, thereby helping defeat
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one another in wage wars. Moreover, the trade unions aid the
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employing class to mislead the workers into the belief that the
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working class have interests in common with their employers.
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These conditions can be changed, and the interests of the
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working class upheld, only by an organization formed in such a way
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that all its members in any one industry, or in all industries if
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necessary, cease work whenever a strike or lockout in on, in any
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department thereof, thus making an injury to one an injury to all.
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Instead of the conservative motto, "A fair day's wage for a
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fair day's work," we must inscribe on our banner the revolutionary
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watchword, "Abolition of the wage system."
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It is the historic mission of the working class to do away with
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capitalism. The army of production must be organized, not only for
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everyday struggles with the capitalists, but also to carry on
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production when capitalism shall have been overthrown. By organizing
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industrially, we are forming the structure of the new society within
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the shell of the old.
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______________________________________________________________________
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#1.03 Declaration of Principles ....... The Industrial Union Party
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______________________________________________________________________
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|||||| Reproduced by permission of Mr. Sam Brandon, the general
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|||||| secretary of the Industrial Union Party. The IUP
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|||||| publishes a magazine named THE NEW SYSTEM.
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|||||| (quarterly, $4 for four issues).
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|||||| Industrial Union Party
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|||||| P.O. Box 533
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|||||| White Plains, NY 10603-1506
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As a scientific socialist organization, the Industrial Union Party
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of America has been influenced by the work of the many great
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socialist theoreticians. However, the primary influence on our
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theory, apart from that of Marx and Engels, has come from the
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American socialist theoretician, Daniel De Leon.
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WE, the overwhelming majority of citizens in this country are
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slaves -- wage slaves.
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As members of the working class, we produce all of the wealth
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of America, and we get in return -- a wage. It is just enough to
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maintain us and enable us to breed replacements, who, in their turn,
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will give up their lives, bone, nerves and muscles, their joy and love
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and generosity and kindness, and every natural human grace -- for a
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wage.
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So long as capitalism lasts, there is no escape for us from the
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grinding need to sell ourselves.
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Our capacity to labor is all we have to sell, and we must sell
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it to the capitalists. That's how the capitalists make a profit -- by
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exploiting the working class. That is, the working class produces all
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the wealth, from which the capitalist ruling class takes the largest
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portion, in this process of exploitation, and, in return, gives its
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slaves a wage.
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The fact that some workers have color TV's, automatic
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dishwashers, two or three automobiles, and their own homes, does not
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alter the fact that they are exploited. Indeed, the debts usually
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connected with such ownership fastens the chains of wage slavery even
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more securely.
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Every single degrading aspect of capitalist society is in decay
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-- wars for profit and plunder abroad, race hatred dividing the
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working class, the slums we live in, the ruin of our environment,
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expensive, poor or nonexistent medical care, inadequate education, the
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second-class status of women, drug abuse, riots, crime -- in short,
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every one of those brutal, callous, cruel, and desperate things which
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goes on every hour, every minute, in capitalist society, grows out of
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exploitation.
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If we want to stop the degradation, we must end exploitation.
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If we want to free ourselves from wage slavery, we must abolish
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the profit system.
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If we want to live decent lives of freedom and fulfillment, we
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must build a Socialist Economic Democracy.
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The rock on which capitalism -- and every other system of
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profit and poverty -- is built is exploitation, and its utter, final,
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irrevocable abolition must be our goal. We must never be sidetracked,
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never be drawn aside by other, seeming more attractive goals. We must
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never waste ourselves on reforming symptoms. The goal, the abolition
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of the system of wage slavery, is ALL.
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To reach that goal in a modern industrialized country, we
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cannot use the methods of the past.
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We will accomplish nothing but our own suicide by attempts at
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armed insurrection.
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We must build not on our weakness, but on our strength, our
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strength as the working class, that holds in its hands the source of
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all power in capitalist society. Our hands and our brains operate all
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the facilities of production, communication, and distribution -- under
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capitalist orders. If we take, hold and operate our workplaces in our
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names, and for ourselves, locking out the capitalists, the ruling
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class will be helpless.
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Then we can reap the full abundance of our social product,
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realizing humanity's great dream: "From each according to his
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ability, to each according to his need."
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To accomplish that revolution, we must organize on the
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political and economic fields. Politically, we must use every forum
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open to us, from the soapbox to the ballotbox, to spread the idea of
|
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revolution. On the economic front, we must organize as a class at our
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workplaces into Socialist Industrial Unions, in order to disarm the
|
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ruling class, and render it powerless to thwart our revolution.
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And Socialist Industrial Unions will foreshadow our future form
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of government, because the present form, the political state, is a
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weapon of the ruling class, while the SIU administration proposed will
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be an administration of things, not coercion of our fellow workers.
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We need a government which will be no more than an agency for
|
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planning production and services, which must therefore be derived from
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our workplaces, where we will elect our own representatives to decide
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the kinds and quantities of production and services to satisfy our
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needs.
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Since the means of operation of the ruling class, its private
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control over what in effect must be public property, will be
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abolished, our socialist commonwealth will be a classless society.
|
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|
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Since our revolution will be the first in history of, by and
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||
for the working class, with no elite "Party" leading us by the nose
|
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into a bureaucratic "Worker's State" so it can climb on our backs like
|
||
any ruling class, we must be conscious of what we are doing and where
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we're going, conscious to a degree never before seen in a revolution.
|
||
|
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Just to begin to organize and develop Socialist Industrial
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Unions, in the fact of the ruling class's ferocious hostility, will
|
||
require the kind of strength and determination that can spring only
|
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from thorough knowledge, leading to this consciousness.
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|
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Given the consciousness of wage slavery, given the knowledge of
|
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how to end it, our second task, organization, will inevitably follow
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like the beginning of the dawn of a new day.
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||
______________________________________________________________________
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||
#1.04 Our Goal ............................ The New Union Party
|
||
______________________________________________________________________
|
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|
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|||||| From THE NEW UNIONIST, newspaper of the New Union
|
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|||||| Party, January 1992. Reprinted by permission of
|
||
|||||| Ms. Jane Christian, the NUP corresponding secretary.
|
||
|||||| Subscription rate - before Jan. 1, 1993: $3 for
|
||
|||||| 10 issues; after Jan. 1, 1993: $5 for 12 issues
|
||
|||||| New Unionist
|
||
|||||| 621 W. Lake St, Suite 210
|
||
|||||| Minneapolis, MN 55408
|
||
|
||
|
||
The New Union Party seeks to bring the entire economy under the
|
||
ownership and control of all the people. A democratic economy will
|
||
provide useful and satisfying jobs for all workers. It will end
|
||
production for profit and will produce to meet human needs. By
|
||
eliminating the profit motive, it will end waste and pollution, and
|
||
will make the conditions of work as safe, comfortable and gratifying
|
||
as possible.
|
||
|
||
To achieve this new economic system, the workers need to unite
|
||
in one rank-and-file controlled union. This includes those workers
|
||
now in unions, and the presently unorganized workers. It includes
|
||
white collar and professional employees, as well as factory workers
|
||
and craftsmen. It includes the unemployed as well as employed
|
||
workers.
|
||
|
||
New Unionism will work to end competition for jobs, and will
|
||
promote cooperation among workers of all industries. It will enable
|
||
the workers to protect their immediate interests against the
|
||
employers.
|
||
|
||
In addition to organizing industrially, the workers will need a
|
||
political party to spread the idea of social ownership, and to gain
|
||
the support of the majority at the polls. When this is achieved, the
|
||
workers will assume control of their workplaces, and manage them
|
||
democratically through their New Unions. An elected Congress of
|
||
delegates from each industry will plan and manage the national
|
||
economy, and will replace the present political Congress as the
|
||
nation's government.
|
||
|
||
|
||
______________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
||
#1.05 What is Socialism? .................. The De Leonist Society
|
||
______________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
||
|
||
|||||| From the March 1986 issue of THE DE LEONIST SOCIETY
|
||
|||||| BULLETIN. Reprinted by permission of Mr. George Shand,
|
||
|||||| corresponding secretary of the De Leonist Society of
|
||
|||||| Canada.
|
||
|||||| The De Leonist Society of Canada
|
||
|||||| P.O. Box 944, Station F
|
||
|||||| Toronto, Ontario M4Y 2N9 Canada
|
||
||||||
|
||
|||||| The De Leonist Society of the United States
|
||
|||||| P.O. Box 22055
|
||
|||||| San Francisco, CA 94122
|
||
|
||
|
||
Socialism is a classless system of society in which the land,
|
||
factories, mines, mills, and all other means of social production,
|
||
distribution and services will be owned and controlled by all the
|
||
people, and democratically administered through a Socialist Industrial
|
||
Union government. Production will be carried on for use.
|
||
|
||
There will be no economic classes in Socialist society. With
|
||
the elimination of private (and State) ownership, the division of
|
||
society into exploiting and exploited classes will end.
|
||
|
||
Instead of wages, the useful producers under Socialism will get
|
||
back directly and indirectly (indirectly through social services --
|
||
public health, education, recreation, etc.) all that they produce.
|
||
|
||
There will be no political State, no politicians, no political
|
||
parties. Instead, we shall have a government based on Industrial
|
||
Union representation -- an industrial democracy.
|
||
|
||
Under Socialism, all authority will be exercised by the useful
|
||
producers. Organized into integrally united Socialist Industrial
|
||
Unions, they will manage and direct all social production. In each
|
||
plant, the rank and file will democratically elect a council or
|
||
management committee to supervise their plant operations. So with the
|
||
shop units. The workers will also elect their foremen and
|
||
supervisors. Finally, they will elect their representatives to the
|
||
All-Industrial Union Congress, which will plan and coordinate all
|
||
social production.
|
||
|
||
All representatives and administrators will be elected directly
|
||
by the rank and file. To guarantee effective democratic control over
|
||
all administrative bodies, all representatives will be subject to
|
||
immediate recall whenever a majority of those who elected them decide
|
||
it is necessary and desirable to do so. Such is the full-flowered
|
||
democracy of socialism.
|
||
|
||
The Socialist Industrial Union form of government and the
|
||
program for establishing it were discovered by the great American
|
||
Marxist Daniel De Leon. They are expounded by the De Leonist Society.
|
||
|
||
______________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
||
Revisions to this file
|
||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
||
Sep 06 1992 Changed e-mail address
|
||
Sep 06 1992 New mailing address for the IUP
|
||
Sep 06 1992 Permission to reprint clarified
|
||
Sep 11 1992 Manuscripts invited
|
||
Oct 22 1992 Changed e-mail address
|
||
Oct 28 1992 New name for IUP publication
|
||
Oct 28 1992 New price for NUP publication
|
||
|
||
____________________________ Line 555; end of issue number 1 _______
|
||
|
||
|