313 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
313 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
From ts@uwasa.fi Wed Feb 7 00:00:00 1996
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Subject: FAQFTP.TXT contents
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Copyright (c) 1993-1996 by Timo Salmi
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All rights reserved
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FAQFTP.TXT Additional questions related to FTP (File Transfer
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Program). Comments and corrections are solicited.
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....................................................................
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Prof. Timo Salmi Co-moderator of news:comp.archives.msdos.announce
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Moderating at ftp:// & http://garbo.uwasa.fi archives 193.166.120.5
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Department of Accounting and Business Finance ; University of Vaasa
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ts@uwasa.fi http://uwasa.fi/~ts BBS 961-3170972; FIN-65101, Finland
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1) What is anonymous FTP? How do I get files from sites using it?
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2) How to read scrolling text files on-line during an FTP session?
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3) How do I convert Unix text files to PC files, and vice versa?
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4) How do I download a zipped file using WWW and Netscape?
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From ts@uwasa.fi Wed Feb 7 00:00:01 1996
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Subject: Basics of anonymous FTP
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1. *****
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Q: What is anonymous FTP? How do I get files from sites using it?
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A: Both these questions are covered in PD2ANS.TXT which is a part
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of this same Frequently Asked Questions collection. See the very
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first question in the said file. For the second part of the question
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see Appendix A of PD2ANS.TXT. Much the same information is given in
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ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/pd2/camfaq.zip item "Hands on! A newbie's
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quick start to get you going. An example." That file has been posted
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regularly to the Usenet newsgroup comp.archives.msdos.announce.
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From ts@uwasa.fi Wed Feb 7 00:00:02 1996
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Subject: Reading text files on-line in FTP
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2. *****
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Q: How to read scrolling text files on-line during an FTP session?
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A: Take a moment to study the two tricks in the demonstration
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session log below. The tricks are "ls -CF" and "ls -lF |less". A
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third trick is to have a terminal emulator with a scroll-back
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buffer. E.g. MsKermit terminal emulation program has this convenient
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feature. You can even read a text file with theses trick by applying
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eg "get README |less". You can direct a listing to a file. Example
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"ls -lF dir.log". You shell from the session by "!less dir.log" to
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read the file.
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*** IMPORTANT NOTICE ***
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Handy as these tricks are, you should use them judiciously, since
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they keep the FTP connection open. Recall that there may be many
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simultaneous users at the more popular FTP sites. It is better to
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decrease the load by first getting the text files (eg the example
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README, especially if it is long) and read them at your leasure at
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your own host after you have closed the FTP connection. There may
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even access limitations on the maximum simultaneous number of FTP
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users, so do not hog the connection.
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> ftp garbo.uwasa.fi <--- your input
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Connected to garbo.uwasa.fi.
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220 garbo.uwasa.fi FTP server ready.
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Name (garbo.uwasa.fi:ts): anonymous <--- your input
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331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.
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Password: [your email address] <--- your input
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230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
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ftp> ls -CF <--- your input
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200 PORT command successful.
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150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
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.FSP_CONTENT bin/ lost+found/ pc/ ql/
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.message dev/ ls-lR.Z photos/ unix/
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CD-ROM.INF etc/ mac/ private-ajh/ usr/
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CDROM/ garbo-gifs/ mirror/ private-hv/ windows/
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HELP home-brew/ next/ private-ts/
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226 Transfer complete.
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remote: -CF
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211 bytes received in 0.03 seconds (6.8 Kbytes/s)
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ftp> cd /pc/ts <--- your input
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250 CWD command successful.
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ftp> ls -lF |less <--- your input
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200 PORT command successful.
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150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
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total 4087
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 ts 29359 Oct 11 04:03 0news-ts
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 ts 36892 Dec 31 1990 0news89.ts
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[parts deleted]
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 ts 39143 May 31 1989 tsf2cm15.zip
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 ts 82531 Aug 18 11:46 tsfaqn37.zip
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:q <--- your input
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226 Transfer complete.
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local: |less remote: -lF
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3638 bytes received in 70 seconds (0.051 Kbytes/s)
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ftp> close <--- your input
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221 Goodbye.
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ftp> quit <--- your input
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>
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There is also an alternative approach to reading long text files
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on-line if you are using a PC for your terminal emulation. Get a
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screen buffer program where you can scroll the text back and forth.
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For example get
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45720 Oct 19 01:08 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/screen/scrlit18.zip
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scrlit18.zip SCROLLit, Advanced Screen ScrollBack Buffer (good)
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or whatever version is the current. Another scrollback buffer
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program is /pc/screen/buffit30.zip.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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From ts@uwasa.fi Wed Feb 7 00:00:03 1996
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Subject: Unix <--> MS-DOS conversions
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3. *****
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Q: How do I convert Unix text files to PC files, and vice versa?
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A: This is maybe not be an actual FTP question, but it is so
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closely related to file transfers that it is at home here in
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faqftp.txt in ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/ts/tsfaqn44.zip.
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> I need to convert a Unix text file to a PC text file. How can I do
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> that?
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Unix and MS-DOS use different eolns (end of lines) for text files.
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In Unix the next line character is ascii 10, while MS-DOS uses an
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ascii 13 ascii 10 pair.
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You can do the conversion in several different ways.
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1) If the text file with the Unix eolns is not already on your PC,
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first transfer the Unix file in binary mode from your Unix host to
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your PC. Convert the file with the Unix eolns on your PC. There are
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many programs that can do the conversion, like
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"UNIX2PC.EXE Unix text eolns to PC eolns"
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from
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122356 Apr 1 13:51 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pub/pc/ts/tsfilt22.zip
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tsfilt22.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.
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or
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"FILGEN.EXE Generalized filter for any file"
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"UNIX2PC.XLT Unix newlines to PC newlines"
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from
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68793 Feb 20 14:04 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/ts/tsfltb18.zip
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tsfltb18.zip Easily customizable general filters, for text or binary.
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or
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14395 Jul 26 1989 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/unix/flip1exe.zoo
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flip1exe.zoo Do newline conversions between *NIX and MS-DOS
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The advantage with flip is that it preserves data stamps and it
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works both ways (Unix -> MS-DOS, MS-DOS -> Unix). You can also
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preserve date stamps by using U2PC.BAT "Change Unix eolns to MS-DOS
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eolns" from tsfilt22.zip. Another advantage of flip is that it can
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take wild cards for the files to be flipped.
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2) Do the conversion from Unix eolns to MS-DOS eolns already at your
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Unix host using a Unix filter like
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830 Mar 18 1993 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/unix2pc
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unix2pc Filter Unix end of lines to PC end of lines, T.Salmi
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or a program like
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26409 Dec 5 1992 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/fileutil/flip.tar.Z
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flip.tar.Z Covert text file eolns between MS-DOS and Unix
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3) The third option is complicated the first time out if you do not
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already have the necessary facilities installed, but once you do, it
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is perhaps the best alternative, since it decreases the size of the
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file to be transferred. I use this option quite a lot myself.
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First make a .zip file of your Unix text file on your Unix host. For
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this you will need to have the zip program on your Unix host. The
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Unix .zip is available from the /unix/arcers directory at Garbo
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archives as
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304911 Sep 23 21:12 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/arcers/zip201.tar.Z
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zip201.tar.Z Info-ZIP's portable zipper (Unix,VMS,..), 2.04 compatible
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If you do not know how to handle that, get
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1781 Aug 12 00:26 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/arcers/zipmake.inf
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zipmake.inf Making Info-ZIP's Zip operational, example by T.Salmi.
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When you have the zip program on your Unix host apply
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zip -l -9 -j -o MyZip.zip MyText.txt
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The -l switch is the crucial switch.
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Transfer the MyZip.zip file from your Unix host to your PC in the
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binary mode. Then unzip it applying for example "PKUNZIP MYZIP.ZIP"
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using pkunzip.exe from
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202574 Feb 1 1993 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/arcers/pkz204g.exe
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pkz204g.exe PKWARE's pkzip, pkunzip, pkzipfix, zip2exe for .zip
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or unzip.exe from
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229715 Aug 3 14:48 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/arcers/unz511x3.exe
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unz511x3.exe Info-ZIP's self-extracting unzipper (with 386 version)
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4) If the file transfer program that you use has the option, use the
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ascii transfer mode in transferring the Unix text file from your
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Unix host to your PC. Then you need no conversions.
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5) Some editors can handle the different eolns in their stride. All
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that is needed is to resave the Unix text file with the editor on
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your PC. For example you can use
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200006 Oct 25 04:00 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/editor/tsejr4.zip
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tsejr4.zip The SemWare Editor Jr, former QEdit, very good, nagware
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or
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404275 Dec 14 02:00 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/demo/tsetd2.zip
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tsetd2.zip The SemWare Editor (TSE) v2.0 Demo/Test-Drive
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---
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> I need to convert an MS-DOS text file to a Unix text file to get
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> rid of the ^M at the end of each line. How can I do that?
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Again there are several options which mirror the ones above.
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1) If the text file with the MS-DOS eolns is not already at your Unix
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host, first convert the MS-DOS text file on your PC. The transfer in
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the binary mode from you PC to your Unix Host. There are many
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programs that can do the conversion, like
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"PC2UNIX.EXE PC text eolns to Unix eolns"
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from
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122356 Apr 1 13:51 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pub/pc/ts/tsfilt22.zip
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tsfilt22.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.
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or
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"FILGEN.EXE Generalized filter for any file"
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"PC2UNIX.XLT PC newlines to Unix newlines"
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from
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68793 Feb 20 14:04 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/ts/tsfltb18.zip
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tsfltb18.zip Easily customizable general filters, for text or binary.
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or
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14395 Jul 26 1989 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/unix/flip1exe.zoo
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flip1exe.zoo Do newline conversions between *NIX and MS-DOS
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or
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11313 Feb 23 15:42 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pc/fileutil/dos2unx1.zip
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dos2unx1.zip Convert MS-DOS text files to UNIX, both ways, E.Danylieko
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2) If the file is not already at your Unix host, first transfer the
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text file from your PC to your Unix host in the binary mode. Convert
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the text file with MS-DOS eolns on your Unix host using a Unix filter
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like
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876 Oct 13 1993 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/pc2unix
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pc2unix Filter PC end of lines to Unix end of lines, T.Salmi
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or a program like
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26409 Dec 5 1992 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/fileutil/flip.tar.Z
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flip.tar.Z Covert text file eolns between MS-DOS and Unix
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3) Zip your text file on your PC, transfer the zip file in the
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binary mode to your host, and then unzip it at your host using
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"unzip -a YourZip".
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I use this quite a lot myself, since it makes it easy to transfer
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many text files at one go, and besides it reduces the size of the
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material that has to be transferred.
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You will naturally need the unzip program at your Unix host. It is
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readily available as
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525840 Sep 1 07:47 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/arcers/unzip512.tar.Z
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unzip512.tar.Z Info-ZIP's UnZip, portable C source code
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If you do not know how to handle that, get
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1806 Sep 2 13:15 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/arcers/unzmake.inf
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unzmake.inf Making Info-ZIP's UnZip operational, example by T.Salmi
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4) If the file transfer program that you use has the option, use the
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ascii transfer mode in transferring the MS-DOS text file from your
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PC to your Unix host. Then you need no conversions.
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---
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For us Scandinavians with diacritical characters that,
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unfortunately, is not all there is to it. One needs translations
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between the upper ascii and their lower ascii counterparts. There
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are several MS-DOS programs for the purpose like
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"TOASC.EXE 8bit ibm to Scandinavian 7 ascii"
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"TOASCI.EXE 8bit ibm to International 7ascii"
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"TOIBM.EXE 7 ascii to Scandinavian 8bit ibm"
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from
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122356 Apr 1 13:51 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/pub/pc/ts/tsfilt22.zip
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tsfilt22.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.
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For doing the conversions on your Unix host there are simple Bourne
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shell scripts like
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772 Jan 28 07:50 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/asc2ibm
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asc2ibm Filter 7-bit Scandinavian characters to 8-bit characters
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and
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2479 Oct 3 10:26 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/ibm2asc
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ibm2asc Filter 8-bit Scandinavian characters to 7-bit characters
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Furthermore, you might need
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772 Jan 28 07:49 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/asc2lat1
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asc2lat1 Convert 7-bit Scandinavian characters to 8-bit latin1
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and
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989 Feb 4 07:47 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/ibm2lat1
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ibm2lat1 Convert 8-bit Scandinavian PC characters to 8-bit latin1
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or even
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794 Feb 13 09:15 ftp://garbo.uwasa.fi/unix/ts/lat12ibm
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lat12ibm Convert 8-bit latin1 scandies to 8-bit IBM PC scandies
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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From ts@uwasa.fi Wed Feb 7 00:00:04 1996
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Subject: Downloading with Netscape
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4. *****
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Q: How do I download a zipped file using WWW and Netscape?
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A: Since about 1993-94 the World Wide Web has experienced an
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unprecedented explosion and is sometime even (somewhat incorrectly)
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thought as the Internet. The most popular browser to utilize WWW is
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overwhelmingly the Netscape Navigator. This means that using
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Netscape to get files from FTP sites has become an important option
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along with the more conventional ftp tools. The exact steps to get
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files using Netscape is dependent on your configuration and your
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Netscape version, but here is an outline with Windows 3.1 and
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Netscape version 1.22 (there are more recent versions, but at the
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time of writing this, there have been an alarming number of bug
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reports about the Netscape 2+ versions on the Usenet news.) 1) Move
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the mouse cursor on the file name link. A link is usually indicated
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by a different color (often blue or magenta). Furthermore, you'll
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see at the bottom of your screen the URL (Universal Resource
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Locator) path automatically appear. 2) Holding the cursor there,
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click the right mouse button, and a menu should appear. 3) Click on
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"Save this link as". Another menu "Save as" should appear. 4) Accept
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the suggestion and click on the OK button. Or select where the file
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should go. Usually start with selecting the drive from the "Drives"
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window. If you wish to, then select a directory from the
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"Directories" window. Then click on the OK button. That should be
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about it.
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