754 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
754 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
From: pstott@pearl.tufts.edu
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Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
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Subject: UNESCO's World Heritage List
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Message-ID: <1993Jan16.175712.1@pearl.tufts.edu>
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Date: 16 Jan 93 22:57:12 GMT
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Organization: Tufts University - Medford, MA
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Lines: 749
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Mark Chou has asked:
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> I remember reading about a list compiled by the United Nations
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> Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) which
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> had something like the 10 or 12 most historic sites in the world
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> (something like the "Seven wonders", except these are cities).
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The list to which he probably refers is the World Heritage List,
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maintained by UNESCO's World Heritage Secretariat in Paris. The list
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is updated at the annual meeting of the World Heritage Committee
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each December. The list, which includes both cultural and natural
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sites, numbers 358 different properties, including numerous cities.
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UNESCO
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WORLD HERITAGE LIST
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The World Heritage Committee has approved the following properties and natural
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properties to be included on the World Heritage List. The properties are
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arranged alphabetically by nominating country. The following list is updated
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to January 1992.
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ALGERIA:
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1980 Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad
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1982 Tassili n'Ajjer
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1982 M'zab Valley
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1982 Djemila
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1982 Tipasa
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1982 Timgad
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ARGENTINA:
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1981 Los Glaciares
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1984 Iguazu National Park
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ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL
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1984 Jesuit Missions of the Guarnis:
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San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestro Senora de Loreto
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and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel
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das Missoes (Brazil)
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AUSTRALIA:
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1981 Great Barrier Reef
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1981 Kakadu National Park
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1981 Willandra Lakes Region
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1982 Tasmanian Wilderness
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1982 Lord Howe Island Group
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1987 Uluru National Park
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1987 Australian East Coast Temperate and Sub-Tropical
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Rainforest Parks
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1988 Wet Tropics of Queensland
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1991 Shark Bay, Western Australia
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BANGLADESH:
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1985 Historic Mosque City of Bagerhat
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1985 Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur
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BENIN:
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1985 Royal Palaces of Abomey
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BOLIVIA:
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1987 City of Potosi
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1990 Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos
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1991 Historic City of Sucre
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BRAZIL:
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1980 Historic Town of Ouro Preto
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1982 Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda
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1984 Iguau National Park
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1985 Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia
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1985 Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas
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1987 City of Brasilia
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1991 Serra da Capivara National Park
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BULGARIA:
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1979 Boyana Church
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1979 Madara Rider
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1979 Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo
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1979 Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
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1983 Ancient City of Nessebar
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1983 Srebarna Nature Reserve
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1983 Pirin National Park
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1983 Rila Monastery
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1985 Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
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CAMEROON:
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1987 Dja Faunal Reserve
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CANADA:
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1978 L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Park
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1978 Nahanni National Park
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1979 Dinosaur Provincial Park
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1981 Anthony Island
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1981 Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump Complex
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1983 Wood Buffalo National Park
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1984 Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks*
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1985 Historic Area of Quebec
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1987 Gros Morne National Park
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*The Burgess Shale Site, previously inscribed on the
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WHL, is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks.
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CANADA AND THE UNITED OF STATES OF AMERICA:
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1979 Kluane National Park and Reserve, Yukon, Canada;
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Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument, Alaska, U.S.A.
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC:
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1988 Parc National du Manovo-Gounda St. Floris
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CHINA (PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF):
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1987 The Great Wall
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1987 Mount Taishan
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1987 Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
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1987 Mogao Caves
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1987 The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emporer
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1987 Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian
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1990 Mount Hungshan
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COLOMBIA:
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1984 Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Carthagena
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COSTA RICA/PANAMA:
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1983 Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves/
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1990 La Amistad National Park
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COTE D'IVOIRE:
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1982 Tai National Park
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1983 Como National Park
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CUBA:
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1982 Old Havana and its Fortifications
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1988 Trinidad and the Valley de los Ingenios
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CYPRUS:
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1980 Paphos
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1985 The Painted Churches in the Troodos Region
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
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1990 Colonial City of Santo Domingo
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ECUADOR:
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1978 Galapagos National Park, including the Galapagos
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Islands
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1978 Old City of Quito
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1983 Sangay National Park
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EGYPT:
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1979 Abu Mena
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1979 Ancient Thebes, including its Necropolis
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1979 Islamic Cairo
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1979 Memphis and its Necropolis-the Pyramid Fields from Giza
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to Dahshur
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1979 Nubian Monuments from Abu Simbel to Philae
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ETHIOPIA:
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1978 Rock-hewn Churches of Lalibela
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1978 Simen National Park
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1979 Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region
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1980 Aksum
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1980 Lower Valley of the Awash
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1980 Lower Valley of the Omo
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1980 Tiya
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FINLAND:
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1991 Old Rauma
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1991 Fortress of Suomenlinna
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FRANCE:
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1979 Chartres Cathedral
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1979 Decorated Grottoes of the Vezere Valley, including the
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Grotto of Lascaux
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1979 Mont-St. Michel and its Bay
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1979 Palace and Park of Versailles
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1979 Vezelay, Church and Hill
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1981 Amiens Cathedral
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1981 Chateau and Estate of Chambord
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1981 Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay
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1981 Palace and Park of Fontainebleau
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1981 Roman and Romanesque Monuments of Arles
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1981 The Roman Theatre and its Surroundings and the
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Triumphal Arch of Orange
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1982 The Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans
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1983 Place Stanislas, Place de la Carriere, and Place
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d'Alliance, Nancy
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1983 Church of Saint-Savin-sur Gartempe
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1983 Classified Site of Cape Girolata, Cape Porto and
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Scandola Natural Reserve, Corsica
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1985 Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct)
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1988 Strasbourg, Grande Isle
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1991 Paris, Banks of the Seine
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1991 Cathedral of Notre-Dame, former Abbey of Saint-Remi and
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Tau Palace, of Reims
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GERMANY:
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1978 Aachen Cathedral
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1981 Speyer Cathedral
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1981 Wurzburg Residence, including the Court Gardens and
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Residence Square
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1983 Pilgrimage of Church of Wies
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1984 The Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at Bruhl
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1985 St. Mary's Cathedral and St. Michael's Church,
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Hildesheim
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1986 Roman Monuments, Cathedral and Liebfrauen-Church in
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Trier
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1987 Hanseatic City of Lubeck
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1990 Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin
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1991 Abbey and Altenmunster of Lorsch
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GHANA:
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1979 Forts and Castles, Volta Greater Accra, Central and
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Western Regions
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1980 Ashante Traditional Buildings
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GREECE:
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1986 Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae
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1987 Archaeological Site of Delphi
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1987 The Acropolis, Athens
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1988 Mount Athos
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1988 Meteora
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1988 Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of Thessalonika
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1988 Archaeological Site of Epidaurus
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1988 Medieval City of Rhodes
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1989 Archaeological Site of Olympia
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1989 Mystras
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1990 Delos
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1990 Monasteries of Daphni, Hossios Luckas and Nea Moni of
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Chios
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GUATEMALA:
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1979 Antigua Guatemala
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1979 Tikal National Park
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1981 Archaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua
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GUINEA AND COTE D'IVOIRE
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1981 Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve
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HAITI:
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1982 National Historic Park, including La Ferriere Citadel,
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Sans-Souci Palace, and Site of Les Ramiers
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HOLY SEE:
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1984 Vatican City
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HONDURAS:
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1980 Maya Site of Copan
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1982 Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve
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HUNGARY:
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1987 Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube with the
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district of Buda Castle
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1987 Holloko
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INDIA:
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1983 Ajanta Caves
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1983 Ellora Caves
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1983 Agra Fort
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1983 Taj Mahal
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1984 Sun Temple, Konarak
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1985 Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram
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1985 Kaziranga National Park
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1985 Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
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1985 Keoladeo National Park
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1986 Churches and Convents of Goa
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1986 Group of Monuments at Khajuraho
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1986 Group of Monuments at Hampi
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1986 Fatehpur Sikri
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1987 Group of Monuments at Pattadakal
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1987 Elephanta Caves
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1987 Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
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1987 Sundarbans National Park
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1988 Nanda Devi National Park
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1989 Buddhist Monastery at Sanchi
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INDONESIA:
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1991 Komodo National Park
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1991 Ujung Kulon National Park
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1991 Borobudur Temple compound
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1991 Prambanan Temple compound
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IRAN:
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1979 Persepolis
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1979 Tchoga Zanbil Ziggurat and Complex
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1988 Meidan Emam, Esfahan
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IRAQ:
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1985 Hatra
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ITALY:
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1979 Rock Drawings in Valcamonica near Bresica
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1980 Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle
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Grazie with "The Last Supper" by Leonardo da Vinci
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1982 Historic Centre of Florence
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1987 Venice and its Lagoon
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1987 Piazza del Duomo, Pisa
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1990 Historic Centre of San Gimignano
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ITALY/HOLY SEE:
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1980 Historic Centre of Rome, the properties of the Holy See
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in that city enjoyning extraterritorial rights, and San
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Paolo fuori le Mura
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JORDAN (HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF):
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1981 The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls
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1985 Petra
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1985 Quseir Amra
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LEBANON:
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1984 Anjar
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1984 Baalbek
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1984 Byblos
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1984 Tyr
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LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA (SOCIALIST PEOPLE'S):
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1982 Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna
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1982 Archaeological Site of Sabratha
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1982 Archaeological Site of Cyrene (Shahhat)
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1985 Rock-art Sites of Tadrart Acacus
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1988 Old Town of Ghadames
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MADAGASCAR:
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1990 Tsingy Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve
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MALAWI:
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1984 Lake Malawi National Park
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MALI:
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1988 Old Towns of Djenne
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1988 Timbuktu
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1989 Cliffs of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons)
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MALTA:
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1980 City of Valetta
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1980 Ggantija Temples on the Island of Gozo
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1980 Hal Saflieni Hypogeum
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MAURITANIA:
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1989 Banc D'Arguin National Park
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MEXICO:
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1987 Historic Centre of Mexico City and Xochimilco
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1987 Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque
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1987 Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan
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1987 Historic Centre of Oaxaca and the Archaeological Site
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of Monte Alban
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1987 Historic Centre of Puebla
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1987 Sian Ka'an
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1988 Historic Town of Guanajuato and adjacent mines
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1988 Pre-Hispanic City of Chichen-Itza
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1991 Historic Centre of Morelia
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MOROCCO:
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1981 Medina of Fez
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1985 Medina of Marrakesh
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1987 Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou
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MOZAMBIQUE:
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1991 Island of Mozambique
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NEPAL:
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1979 Kathmandu Valley
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1979 Sagarmatha National Park, including Mt. Everest
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1984 Royal Chitwan National Park
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NEW ZEALAND:
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1990 Te Wahipounam - South West New Zealand (Westland/Mount
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Cook National Park and Fiordland National Park,
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previously inscribed on the World Heritage List, are
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part of this site)
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1990 Tongariro National Park
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NIGER:
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1991 Air-Tenere Reserve
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NORWAY:
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1979 Bryggen, the Old Hansiatic Quarter of Bergen
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1979 Urnes Stave Church
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1980 Roros Mining Town
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1985 Rock Drawings of Alta
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OMAN:
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1987 Bahla Fort
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1988 Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn
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PAKISTAN:
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1980 Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro
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1980 Buddhist Ruins at Takht-i-Bahi and Neighboring City
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Remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol
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1980 Taxila
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1981 Fort and Shalamar Gardens at Lahore
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1981 Historic Monuments of Thatta
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PANAMA:
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1980 Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Portobelo-San
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Lorenzo
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1981 Darien National Park
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PERU:
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1983 City of Cuzco
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1983 Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu
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1985 Archaeological Site of Chavin
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1985 Huascaran National Park
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1987 Manu National Park
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1988 Chan Chan Archaeological Zone
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1990 Rio Abiseo National Park
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1991 Historic Centre of Lima
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POLAND:
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1978 Historic Centre of Cracow
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1978 Wieliczka Salt Mines
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1979 Auschwitz Concentration Camp
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1979 Bialowieza National Park
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1980 Historic Centre of Warsaw
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PORTUGAL:
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1983 Central Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroisma in the
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Azores
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1983 Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belem,
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Lisbon
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1983 Monastery of Batalha
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1983 Convent of Christ in Tomar
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1988 Historic Centre of Evora
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1989 Alcobaca Monastery with the tombs of Ines de Castro and
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King Dom Pedro
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ROMANIA:
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1991 Danube Delta
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RUSSIAN FEDERATION:
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1990 Historic Centre of St. Petersburg and related groups of
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monuments*
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1990 Khizi Pogost*
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1990 Kremlin and the Red Square*
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SENEGAL:
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1978 Island of Goree
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1981 Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary
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1981 Niokolo-Koba National Park
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SEYCHELLES:
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1982 Aldabra Atoll
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1983 Vallee de Mai Nature Reserve
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SPAIN:
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1984 Mosque of Cordoba
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1984 Alhambra and Generalife, Granada
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1984 Burgos Cathedral
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1984 Monastery and Site of the Escurial, Madrid
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1984 Parque Guell, Palacio Guell and Casa Mila, Barcelona
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1985 Altamira Cave
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1985 Old Town of Segovia, including its aqueduct
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1985 Churches of the Kingdom of the Asturias
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1985 Santiago de Compostela (Old Town)
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1985 Old Town of Avila, including its Extra Muros churches
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1986 Mudejar Architecture of Teruel
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1986 Historic City of Toledo
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1986 Garajonay National Park
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1986 Old Town of Caceres
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1987 Cathedral, the Alcazar and Archivo de Indias, Seville
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1988 Old City of Salamanca
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1991 Poblet Monastery
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SRI LANKA:
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1982 Sacred City of Anuradhapura
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1982 Ancient City of Polonnaruva
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1982 Ancient City of Sigiriya
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1988 Sinharaja Forest Reserve
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1988 Sacred City of Kandy
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1988 Old Town of Galle and its fortifications
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1991 Golden Temple of Dambulla
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SWEDEN:
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1991 Royal Domain of Drottningholm
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SWITZERLAND:
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1983 Convent of St. Gall
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1983 Benedictine Convent of St. John at Mustair
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1983 Old City of Berne
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SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC:
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1979 Ancient City of Damascus
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1980 Site of Palmyra
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1980 Ancient City of Bosra
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1988 Ancient City of Aleppo
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THAILAND:
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1991 Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries
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1991 Historic Town of Sukhothai and associated historic
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towns
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1991 Historic City of Ayutthaya and associated historic
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towns
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TUNISIA:
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1979 Roman Amphitheater of El Djem
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1979 Archaeological Site of Carthage
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1979 Medina of Tunis
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1980 Ichkeul National Park
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1985 Punic Town of Kerkuane, including its Necropolis
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1988 Medina of Sousse
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1988 Kairouan
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TURKEY:
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1985 Historic Areas of Istanbul
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1985 Goreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia
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1985 Great Mosque and Hospital of Divrigi
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1986 Hattusha
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1987 Nemrut Dag
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1988 Xanthos-Letoon
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1988 Hierapolis-Pamukkale
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UKRAINE:
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1990 Kiev: St Sophia Cathedral and related monastic
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buildings, and Lavra of Kiev-Pechersk
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UNITED KINGDOM:
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1986 The Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast
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1986 Durham Castle and Cathedral
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1986 Ironbridge Gorge
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1986 Studley Royal Park, including the Ruins of Fountains
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Abbey
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1986 Stonehenge, Avebury and associated sites
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1986 The Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd
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1986 St. Kilda
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1987 Blenheim Palace
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1987 City of Bath
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1987 Hadrian's Wall
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1987 Palace of Westminster, Abbey of Westminster, and St.
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Margaret's Church
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1988 Henderson Island
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1988 The Tower of London
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1988 Canterbury Cathedral, St. Augustine's Abbey, and St.
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Martin's Church
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA:
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1979 Ngorongoro Conservation Area, including the Ngorongoro
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and Empakaai Craters and Olduvai Gorge
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1981 Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara
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1981 Serengeti National Park
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1982 Selous Game Reserve
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1987 Kilimanjaro National Park
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
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1978 Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado
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1978 Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming\Idaho\Montana
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1979 Everglades National Park, Florida
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1979 Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
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1979 Independence Hall, Pennsylvania
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1980 Redwood National Park, California
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1981 Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky
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|
1981 Olympic National Park, Washington State
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1982 Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site, Illinois
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1983 Great Smokey Mountains National Park, North Carolina\
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Tennessee
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1983 San Juan National Historic Site and La Fortaleza,
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Puerto Rico
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1984 The Statue of Liberty, New York
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|
1984 Yosemite National Park, California
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|
1987 Monticello, and the University of Virginia,
|
|
Charlottesville, Virginia
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|
1987 Chaco Culture National Historic Park, New Mexico
|
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1987 Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, including Mauna Loa,
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|
Hawaii
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UZBEKISTAN:**
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1990 Itchan Kala
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|
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|
YEMEN:
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1982 Old Walled City of Shibam
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|
1988 Old City of Sana'a
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|
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YUGOSLAVIA:
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|
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1979 Historic Complex of Split with the Palace Diocletian
|
|
1979 Natural and Culturo-Historic Region of Kotor
|
|
1979 Ohrid Region, including its cultural and historic
|
|
aspects, and its natural environment
|
|
1979 Old City of Dubrovnik
|
|
1979 Plitvice Lakes National Park
|
|
1979 Stari Ras and Sopocani Monastery
|
|
1980 Durmitor National Park
|
|
1988 Studenica Monastery
|
|
1988 Skocjan Caves
|
|
|
|
ZAIRE:
|
|
1979 Virunga National Park
|
|
1981 Kahuzi-Biega National Park
|
|
1980 Garamba National Park
|
|
1984 Salonga National Park
|
|
|
|
ZAMBIA/ZIMBABWE:
|
|
|
|
1989 Victoria Falls/Mosi-oa-Tunya
|
|
|
|
ZIMBABWE:
|
|
|
|
1984 Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas
|
|
1988 Great Zimbabwe National Monument
|
|
1988 Khami Ruins National Monument
|
|
|
|
__________________
|
|
* The nominations related to these cultural sites were submitted
|
|
in 1989 by the U.S.S.R.
|
|
|
|
** Since the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States,
|
|
in place of the U.S.S.R., UNESCO has not received, to date, a
|
|
declaration by Uzbekistan as to whether it is, or is not, a Party
|
|
to the World Heritage Convention.
|
|
|
|
* * * * * *
|
|
|
|
EXPLANATION OF WORLD HERITAGE LIST
|
|
|
|
The World Heritage List was established under terms of the
|
|
Convention Concerning the Protection of World Culture and Natural
|
|
Heritage adopted in November, 1972 at the 17th General Conference
|
|
of UNESCO.
|
|
|
|
The Convention states that a World Heritage Committee "will
|
|
establish, keep up-to-date and publish" a World Heritage List of
|
|
cultural and natural properties, submitted by the States and
|
|
considered to be of outstanding universal value.
|
|
|
|
One of the main responsibilities of this Committee is to
|
|
provide technical co-operation under the World Heritage Fund for
|
|
the safeguarding of World Heritage Sites to States Parties whose
|
|
resources are insufficient.
|
|
|
|
States Parties can request international assistance under
|
|
the Fund for expert missions, training of specialized staff, and
|
|
supply of equipment when appropriate; they can also apply for
|
|
long-term loans and, in special cases, non-repayable grants.
|
|
Requests must concern work necessary for the preservation of
|
|
cultural or natural sites included in the World Heritage List or
|
|
assistance to national or regional training centres.
|
|
|
|
Emergency assistance is also available under the Fund in the
|
|
case of properties severely damaged by specific natural or
|
|
man-made disasters or threatened with imminent destruction.
|
|
As of the end of 1990, 115 Member States had ratified the
|
|
Convention, the United States being the first to do so. As of
|
|
January 1992, the number of sites on the World Heritage List
|
|
stands at 358. The Committee named 12 sites in 1978, 45 in 1979,
|
|
28 in 1980, 26 in 1981, 24 in 1982, 29 in 1983, 23 in 1984, 31 in
|
|
1985, 27 in 1986, 41 in 1987, 27 in 1988, 7 in 1989, 17 in 1990,
|
|
and 23 in 1991.
|
|
|
|
* * * * *
|
|
|
|
*Small discrepancies in numbers may be due to different methods
|
|
of numbering sites, and overlapping of sites into two countries.
|
|
|
|
Inquiries should be sent to : World Heritage Committee
|
|
UNESCO
|
|
7 Place de Fontenoy
|
|
Paris, 75700 France
|
|
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
==============================================================================
|
|
Peter H. Stott
|
|
Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy /
|
|
Urban & Environmental Policy Tel. (617) 627-3694
|
|
Tufts University Fax. (617) 627-3377
|
|
97 Talbot Avenue e-mail: pstott@pearl.tufts.edu
|
|
Medford, MA 02155 pstott@igc.apc.org
|
|
===============================================================================
|