144 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
144 lines
5.3 KiB
Plaintext
>>> "total overdose" +46-381-12534 <<<
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>>> "legalize it" +49-0-546 146541 <<<
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----------------------------------
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AMPHETAMINE
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----------------------------------
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GENERAL INFO
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------------
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(alpha)-Methylbenzeneethanamine; dl-(alpha)-methylphenethylamine;
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1-phenyl-2-aminopropane; (phenylisopropyl)amine; (beta)-amino-
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propylbenzene; racemic desoxynor-ephedrine. C9 H13 N. US pat.
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1,879,003 (1932); 1,921,424 (1933); 2,015,408 (1935). Boiling point
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(760) 200-203F. Mobile liquid. Amine odor. Acrid, burning taste.
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Slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether, readily
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soluble in acids. Aqueous solutions are alkaline to litmus.
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STRUCTURE
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---------
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-----
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// \\
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|| ||---- CH2CHCH3
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\\ // |
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----- NH2
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COMMERCIAL DRUG NAMES
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---------------------
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Actedron, Allodene, Adipan, Benzedrine, Biphetamine Caps, Didrex,
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Elastonon, Isoamyne, Isomyn, Mecodrine, Norephedrane, Novydrine,
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Obetrol, Ortedrine, Phenedrine, Profamina, Propisamine, Psychedrine,
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Sympatedrine, Sympamine, Simpatedrin.
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LD-50
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----
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S.C. in rats: 180 mg/kg.
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ACTIONS
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-------
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Amphetamine is a dopaminolytic agent which decreases the transmission
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of dopamine, and blocks the release and re-uptake of dopamine and
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norepinephrine. The drug is well absorbed from the digestive tract,
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causing clinical effects within 30 minutes. Depending on strength,
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subjective and objective reactions can last from several hours to
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a few days. The drug can be taken orally, inhaled, or injected.
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Amphetamine is also a sympathomimetic amine with CNS stimulant activity.
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Peripheral actions include elevation of systolic and diastolic blood
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pressures and weak bronchodilator and respiratory stimulant action.
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The primary site of metabolism is in the liver by aromatic hydroxylation,
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N-dealkylation and deamination. At least seven metabolites have been
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identified in the urine. The biologic half-life has been reported to
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be 4-5 hours. Excretion occurs primarily in the urine and is dependent
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on urine pH. Alkaline urine will significantly increase the drug half-
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life. Approximately 62% of an oral dose is eliminated in the urine
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within the first 24 hours, with approximately 1/3 as intact drug, and
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the remainder as metabolites.
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Unlike cocaine and most other CNS stimulants, amphetamine induces
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tolerance. Tolerance develops slowly, but a progressive increase in
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dosage can occur and permits the eventual ingestion or injection of amounts
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several hundredfold greater than the usual therapeutic dose. The
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tolerance to various effects develops unequally, so that nervousness and
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sleeplessness persist and psychotoxic effects, such as hallucinations
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and delusions may occur. However, even massive doses are rarely fatal.
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Chronic users have injected as much as 15,000 mg in 24 hours without
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observable illness. For neophytes, however, rapid injection of 120 mg
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may be fatal, although some individuals have survived 400 to 500 mg.
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Amphetamine abusers are prone to accidents because of the excitation and
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grandiosity produced and the accompanying excessive fatigue of
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sleeplessness. IV administration may lead to serious antisocial behavior
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and can precipitate a schizophrenic episode. A paranoid psychosis almost
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ineviably results from long-term use of high doses.
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The usual therapeutic dose is 5-20mg/day for depression, 15mg/day for
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mania, and up to 50mg/day for schizophrenia.
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DRUG INTERACTIONS
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-----------------
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Potentiates cyclic antidepressants. Amphetamine should never be taken
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during, or within 14 days following, the administration of MAO
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(monoamine oxidase inhibitors) or hypertensive crises may result. It
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is also not advisable for persons with glaucoma, advanced arteriosclerosis,
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symptomatic cardiovascular disease, moderate to severe hypertension, or
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hyperthyroidism.
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CREATION PROCESS
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----------------
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Amphetamine may be prepared by the reduction of the oxime of phenylacetone.
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This process requires 5 to 9 hours for completion. An alternative method
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is by the reduction of the ketone with formamide, which requires 14 to
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16 hours.
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CHEMICAL COMMERCIAL USE / HAZARDS
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-------- ------------------------
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formamide Solvent, organic preparations.
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IRRITANT
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hydroxylamine Organic preparations.
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EXPLOSIVE / CORROSIVE
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phenylacetone Pharmaceuticals.
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IRRITANT
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Passed thru:
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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