1103 lines
40 KiB
Plaintext
1103 lines
40 KiB
Plaintext
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ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
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³ ³
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³ TBURN003 ³
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³ Combustion and Fired ³
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³ Heater Analysis ³
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³ ³
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³ Designed & Created by ³
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³ Alistair A. Tees, P.E. ³
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³ ³
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³ ³
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³ TEES ENGINEERING ³
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³ 1420 - 25TH STREET ³
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³ Nederland, Texas 77627 ³
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³ (409) 727-8388 ³
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³ ³
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ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
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USERS MANUAL
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TBURN003
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Combustion and Fired Heater Analysis
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(C) Copyright 1987-1989, Tees Engineering.
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All rights reserved.
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TBURN is a Trademark of Tees Engineering
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Thank you for supporting the free enterprise system.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT
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TBURN is a commercial software product of Tees Engineering.
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Tees Engineering retains the ownership of TBURN. Copies of
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TBURN may be Licensed for use under the following conditions:
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A Licensed user may use this software on any compatible
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computer, provided the software is used on only one computer
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and by only one user at a time. Licensed users may make a
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backup copy of TBURN, but any other copying of this software
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or its documentation is strictly prohibited except when
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authorized in writing by Tees Engineering.
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Distributing, renting, sub-licensing, or leasing this software
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or documentation without the expressed written consent of Tees
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Engineering is strictly prohibited. No one is permitted to
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alter, modify or adapt this software or documentation,
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including but not limited to, translating, decompiling,
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disassembling, or creating derivative works.
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The use of this software constitutes acceptance of this
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License Agreement.
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LIMITED WARRANTY
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Tees Engineering warrants that TBURN will substantially
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conform to the published specifications and to the
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documentation, provided that it is run with the computer
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hardware and operating system for which it was designed. Tees
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Engineering makes no warranty or representation, either
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expressed or implied, with respect to this program or
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documentation, including the quality, performance,
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merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. IN NO
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EVENT WILL TEES ENGINEERING, OR ITS AGENTS, BE LIABLE FOR
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DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR THE INABILITY TO USE THIS
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PROGRAM OR DOCUMENTATION.
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TBURN performs inherently complex and technical calculations.
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All results generated by TBURN, or any Tees Engineering
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product, should be interpreted by a qualified professional
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engineer. There is no substitute for education, experience
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or judgement.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.0. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
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1.1. Program Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
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1.2. Computer System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . 5
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1.3. Demonstration Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
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1.4. Making a Backup Copy of Your Diskette . . . . . 6
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2.0. USING TBURN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
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2.1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
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2.2. TBURN Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
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2.3. Heater Analysis Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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2.4. Fuel Gas Composition Input. . . . . . . . . . . 19
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2.5. Liquid/Solid Fuel Data Input . . . . . . . . . 21
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2.6. Combustion Gas (Air) Data Input . . . . . . . . 22
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2.7. Fired Heater Data Input . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
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2.8. Project Information Input . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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2.9. Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
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3.0. COMBUSTION THEORY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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4.0. USER SUPPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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4.1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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4.2. Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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4.3. Contacting the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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4.4. Corporate Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
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4.5. Dealers, Value Added Resellers, and
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Consultants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
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4.6. Agents of Tees Engineering. . . . . . . . . . . 31
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5.0. About the Author, Alistair A. Tees, P.E. . . . . . . 32
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1.0. INTRODUCTION
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1.1. Program Design
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TBURN is designed to provide an engineer with an easy to
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use tool for analyzing the combustion of gaseous, liquid
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or solid fuels. TBURN was designed for the occasional
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user, with simple input screens and numerous prompts and
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help windows. My goal was to be able to give this
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program to another engineer, without a manual, and have
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that person able to solve a combustion problem without
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much difficulty or assistance.
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1.2. Computer System Requirements
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In order to run TBURN smoothly, your computer system must
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conform to the following requirements:
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* IBM PC, XT, AT OR 100% compatible with BIOS and DOS
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functions which are MS-DOS compatible, as defined
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in the IBM Technical Reference Manual.
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* 256 K of free RAM memory
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* MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 2.1 or later
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* An Epson FX dot matrix printer or equivalent (Not
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required for calculations, only for printing reports
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properly).
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1.3. Demonstration Version
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The 'Demonstration Version' of TBURN allows full access
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to all of the functions of TBURN so that the un-licensed
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user can examine and evaluate the program. However, some
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values involved in the calculations are fixed by the
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program, including the following:
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Stack Temperature = 600 [F]
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Excess Air = 40%
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These fixed values will override any user inputted values
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in these fields and the calculated results will reflect
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these fixed values.
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A Licensed copy of TBURN, and all the other software
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products from Tees Engineering, can be obtained from Tees
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Engineering and its marketing agents.
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1.4. Making a Backup Copy of Your Diskette
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To protect you against the unlikely event that your
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original TBURN diskette is lost or destroyed, you should
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make a backup copy. This backup diskette will be your
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"Working Copy". That is, once this step is completed,
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your original TBURN diskette should be stored in a safe
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place. For everyday use, you will use your "Working
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Copy". This step should be done before using TBURN.
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1.4.1. Single Diskette System
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If you have a single diskette system (only one floppy
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diskette drive and no fixed disk drive), follow the
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instructions below to make a backup copy of your original
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TBURN diskette. You will need your DOS diskette, one
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blank diskette, and your original TBURN program disk.
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o Place a write-protect tab on the notch of your DOS
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diskette, and also one on the notch of your TBURN
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program diskette.
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o Insert the DOS diskette in the drive and turn on
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your computer.
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o Press [ENTER] until you see the "A" prompt, i.e.
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A>
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o Type: FORMAT B:/S , and then press [ENTER].
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o When the screen prompts you to insert a new diskette
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for Drive B, remove the DOS diskette from the drive
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and place the blank diskette in the drive. Press
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[ENTER].
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Note: This last two step will format and load the
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"System" files on the blank diskette.
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o When the computer prompts you "Format Another
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Diskette (Y/N)?", press "N" for No.
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o Insert the TBURN diskette into the disk drive and
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type: COPY A:*.* B: , and then press [ENTER].
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o You will then be prompted to insert the "Source"
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diskette into the drive and press [ENTER]. In this
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case, the "Source" diskette is your TBURN diskette.
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The system will read the files on the TBURN diskette
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into memory.
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o You will then be prompted to insert the "Target"
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diskette into the drive and press [ENTER]. The
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blank diskette is the "Target" diskette. The system
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will write the TBURN files from memory onto the
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blank diskette.
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Note: You may be asked to repeat the last two steps
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several times depending on the amount of memory in
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your computer.
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o When the "A" prompt returns to the screen, the
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backup process is complete. Remove the original
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TBURN diskette from the computer and store it in a
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safe place. The other diskette now has copies of
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all of the TBURN files and is ready to be used as
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your "Working Copy".
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1.4.2. Two Diskette System
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If you have a two diskette system, follow the
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||
instructions below to make a backup copy of your original
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||
TBURN diskette. You will need your DOS diskette, one
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||
blank diskette, and your original TBURN program disk.
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o Place a write-protect tab on the notch of your DOS
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||
diskette, and also one on the notch of your TBURN
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program diskette.
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o Insert the DOS diskette in Drive A and turn on your
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||
computer.
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o Insert the blank diskette in Drive B.
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o Press [ENTER] until you see the "A" prompt, i.e.
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A>
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o Type: FORMAT B:/S , and then press [ENTER].
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o When the computer prompts you "Format Another
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Diskette (Y/N)?", press "N" for No.
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o Remove the DOS diskette from Drive A. Insert the
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original TBURN diskette in Drive A. A blank
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formatted diskette should be in Drive B.
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o Type: COPY A:*.* B: , then press [ENTER].
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o After the computer finishes copying the files from
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the TBURN diskette to the backup diskette, remove
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the TBURN diskette and store in a safe place. The
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diskette in Drive B will now be your "Working Copy".
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1.4.3. Fixed Disk System
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If you using a computer with a fixed disk, often also
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||
refereed to as a "hard disk", you may want to transfer
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TBURN onto your fixed disk. Follow the instructions
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below to copy the TBURN files onto the fixed disk.
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o Place a write-protect tab on the notch of your TBURN
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program diskette.
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o Boot your computer from the fixed disk.
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o Create a sub-directory for TBURN on your fixed disk
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||
by typing: MD\TBURN , and press [ENTER].
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o Change directories to the TBURN sub-directory by
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typing: CD\TBURN , and press [ENTER].
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o Insert the TBURN original program disk in Drive A.
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o Copy the files from the diskette to your fixed disk
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drive by typing: COPY A:*.* , then press
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[ENTER].
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||
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||
o After the computer finishes copying the files from
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||
the TBURN diskette to the fixed disk, remove the
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||
TBURN diskette and store in a safe place.
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||
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||
2.0. USING TBURN
|
||
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||
2.1. Introduction
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||
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||
TBURN is an engineering application written using the
|
||
MS-DOS operating system. Therefore, you must start or
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||
"boot" your computer using MS- or PC-DOS 2.1 or later in
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||
order to run TBURN.
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||
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||
To start TBURN, insert the program disk in any drive and
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make that drive the default drive. For example, if you
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||
insert the program disk in Drive A, type A: and press
|
||
[ENTER]. This will make Drive A the default drive and
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||
the "A:>" prompt should be displayed on your screen.
|
||
TBURN can also be copied to a fixed disk or other storage
|
||
device. Use the DOS change directory, CD, command to
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||
move to the directory containing TBURN.
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||
|
||
From the DOS prompt of the drive or fixed disk directory
|
||
containing TBURN, simply type "TBURN" and press [ENTER]
|
||
to start TBURN. The batch file TBURN.BAT will call the
|
||
compiled executable file for TBURN.
|
||
|
||
2.1.1. General Comments
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||
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TBURN is designed so that data entry should be very
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obvious and simple. Whenever input is required, TBURN
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will prompt you with an input window.
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||
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||
TBURN provides help screens with typical values and other
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||
helpful information for every input field. Most
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||
information requested by TBURN also has a default value.
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||
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Also, at any time you can press the "Help" key, [F1],
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||
and TBURN will display context sensitive help.
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||
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2.1.2. "Tees-Standard" User Interface
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One feature of TBURN is the consistent screen layout.
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All Tees Engineering software have a similar screen
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||
layout, where possible. TBURN includes this "Tees-
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Standard" user interface, which allows for simple full-
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||
screen editing of input data, and context-sensitive help
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||
windows which are the trademark of Tees Engineering
|
||
software. This feature is intended to make the program
|
||
more "Engineer-Friendly" and to facilitate learning.
|
||
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||
All input screens are divided into three areas. The top
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||
four lines comprise the Title Bar, the left side of the
|
||
remaining screen is reserved for input fields, and the
|
||
right side of the remaining screen is reserved for help
|
||
windows and additional information. A typical input
|
||
screen layout is as follows:
|
||
|
||
ÉÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ»
|
||
º TEES ENGINEERING º
|
||
º TBURN: Combustion and Fired Heater Analysis º
|
||
ÈÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍͼ
|
||
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
|
||
³ Input Fields ³ ³ Help Windows ³
|
||
³ ³ ³ ³
|
||
³ ³ ³ ³
|
||
³ ³ ³ ³
|
||
³ ³ ³ ³
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||
³ ³ ³ ³
|
||
³ ³ ³ ³
|
||
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
|
||
1 HELP 4 TEES 7 PRINT 0 QUIT
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||
|
||
|
||
2.1.3. Movement Inside an Input Screen
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||
|
||
All input screens allow full-screen entry and editing of
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||
all of the input fields in that screen. Use the [Up-
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||
Arrow], [Down-Arrow] and [Enter] keys to move between
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||
the input fields. When you get to the bottom input
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||
field, pressing [Down-Arrow] again will reposition you
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||
at the top input field. The converse is also true.
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||
After you have entered all of the information in an input
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||
screen and are satisfied that it is correct, press the
|
||
escape, [ESC], key to proceed to the next input screen
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||
or on to a results screen.
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||
|
||
2.1.4. Function Keys
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||
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TBURN defines four of the function keys; [F1], [F4],
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||
[F7], and [F10].
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||
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||
o Pressing [F1] displays a context sensitive help
|
||
window.
|
||
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||
o Pressing [F4] displays a window with information
|
||
about Tees Engineering.
|
||
|
||
o Press [F10] to exit the program and return to DOS.
|
||
|
||
From the Main Menu, [F2] and [F3] are activating allowing
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||
the users to add and delete gases from the fuel gas
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||
properties database.
|
||
2.2. TBURN Main Menu
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||
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||
The Main Menu of TBURN has nine (9) choices:
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||
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o [F]ired Heater Analysis
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o [G]as Fuel Combustion
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||
o [L]iquid/Solid Fuel Combustion
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||
o [I]nput Print
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||
o [V]iew Results on Screen
|
||
o [P]rint Results
|
||
o [S]tore Data File
|
||
o [R]etrieve Data File
|
||
o [Q]uit Program
|
||
|
||
Use the [Up Arrow], [Down Arrow] to position the
|
||
highlight bar over the menu choice that you what to
|
||
execute and press [ENTER]. You can also press the key
|
||
of the first letter of the choice description to select
|
||
that menu item.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.2.1. Fired Heater Analysis
|
||
|
||
Choosing [Fired Heater Analysis] from the "Main Menu"
|
||
will initiates a sequence of menus, input screens and
|
||
results screens to analysis a fired heater.
|
||
|
||
Immediately when you press the [F] key or [ENTER] when
|
||
the highlight bar is over the [Fired Heater Analysis]
|
||
menu choice in the "Main Menu", a two-item overlay menu
|
||
will appear where you choose between [Gaseous Fuel] and
|
||
[Solid/Liquid Fuel]. This tells TBURN which fuel input
|
||
screen to display.
|
||
|
||
After you have chosen which state fuel you are going to
|
||
use, the [Fired Heater Analysis Menu] will be displayed;
|
||
See Section 2.3. for more information. This menu is
|
||
where you chose which type of analysis you want to
|
||
perform.
|
||
|
||
TBURN will then proceed to a fuel input screen, either
|
||
"Fuel Gas Composition Input" or "Liquid/Solid Fuel Data
|
||
Input". The sequence continues to the "Combustion Gas
|
||
(Air) Data Input" screen, and then to the "Fired Heater
|
||
Data Input" screen. Each of these screens is explained
|
||
more fully in the following sections.
|
||
|
||
After TBURN has all the information it needs to perform
|
||
the required calculations, it will display the results
|
||
of those calculations in the following sequence of
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||
results screens:
|
||
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||
o Fuel Properties
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||
o Combustion Gas (Air) Properties
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||
o Flue Gas Properties
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||
o Fired Heater Results
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||
|
||
2.2.2. Gas Fuel Combustion
|
||
|
||
This menu selection is actually a sub-set of the [Fired
|
||
Heater Analysis] selection. TBURN will prompt you for
|
||
information about the fuel and combustion gas (air) using
|
||
a series of input screens, and will then display the
|
||
stoichiometry results for the combustion of that fuel and
|
||
air mixture.
|
||
|
||
2.2.3. Liquid/Solid Fuel Combustion
|
||
|
||
Like Gas Fuel Combustion, Liquid/Solid Fuel Combustion
|
||
will prompt you for information about the fuel and
|
||
combustion gas and will then display the corresponding
|
||
results. The only difference is that the fuel input
|
||
screen for liquid and solid fuels is based on the
|
||
ultimate weight analysis of the fuel.
|
||
|
||
2.2.4. Input Print
|
||
|
||
Choosing "Input Print" will send the input information
|
||
and data which you have entered or to which TBURN has
|
||
defaulted to a printer attached to your computer. TBURN
|
||
uses Epson FX standard control codes. Other printers
|
||
will also print the information, but the printout
|
||
formatting may not be as desired.
|
||
|
||
Pressing this key without a printer attached to your
|
||
computer may cause an Error Window to appear. Pressing
|
||
any key to clear the error window should clear the error.
|
||
|
||
2.2.5. View Results on Screen
|
||
|
||
Selecting [View Results on Screen] from the "Main Menu"
|
||
will cause the "Results Menu" to appear. This menu
|
||
allows you to pick which results you want to have
|
||
displayed on the screen. See Section 2.9.2, "Results
|
||
Menu" for more information.
|
||
|
||
2.2.6. Print Results
|
||
|
||
Selecting [Print Results] from the "Main Menu" will cause
|
||
the "Print Results Menu" to appear. Use this menu will
|
||
allow you to direct any or all of the results of the
|
||
combustion and/or fired heater analysis to a printer.
|
||
See Section 2.9.3., "Print Results Menu for more
|
||
information.
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.2.7. Store Data File
|
||
|
||
This selection will prompt you for the name of a file in
|
||
which to save the input information and data. This
|
||
information can be then retrieve later. This facility
|
||
is very useful if common fuel compositions or heaters
|
||
are analyzed repeatedly.
|
||
|
||
2.2.8. Retrieve Data File
|
||
|
||
This selection will prompt you for the name of an
|
||
existing data file. TBURN will retrieve the from the
|
||
file and input this information in the input fields.
|
||
|
||
The current version of TBURN only searches the default
|
||
drive for the inputted file name. If TBURN cannot find
|
||
the file, an Error Window will appear. Pressing any key
|
||
should remove the error message. Future versions of
|
||
TBURN will allow path definitions and will display a list
|
||
of the available files.
|
||
|
||
2.2.9. Quit Program
|
||
|
||
This selection will terminate the program and return you
|
||
to the operating system.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.3. Heater Analysis Menu
|
||
|
||
The "Heater Analysis Menu" allow you to choice what type
|
||
of heater analysis you want to perform. The following
|
||
choices are included in this menu.
|
||
|
||
o Heater Efficiency Based on Stack Temperature
|
||
o Excess Air Based on Fuel and Air Flow
|
||
o Fuel Flow with Given Air Flow and Excess Air
|
||
Percent
|
||
o Air Flow Required
|
||
o [Future Feature]
|
||
o Return to Main Menu
|
||
|
||
Each of these menu choices is discussed in more detail
|
||
in the following sections.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.3.1. Heater Efficiency Based on Stack Temperature
|
||
|
||
TBURN calculates the heater efficiency, based on the
|
||
combustion stoichiometry calculations and the fuel,
|
||
combustion gas (air) and flue gas composition and
|
||
temperatures.
|
||
|
||
The flue gas composition is determined by combustion
|
||
stoichiometry analysis based on the fuel and combustion
|
||
gas (air) composition. The flue gas composition is in
|
||
units of [lb/lb/fuel] or [SCFM/SCFM fuel].
|
||
|
||
TBURN calculates the specific heat of the flue gas
|
||
components using empirically based algorithms and the
|
||
stack temperature. These values are then used to
|
||
determine the heat loss from the heater with the flue
|
||
gases.
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.3.2. Excess Air Based on Fuel and Air Flow
|
||
|
||
TBURN calculates the required air flow for the given fuel
|
||
and air composition. The program then compares the
|
||
required air flow with the given air flow and determines
|
||
the excess air flow provided.
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.3.3. Fuel Flow with Given Air Flow and Excess Air Percent
|
||
|
||
TBURN determines the fuel flow required to burn with the
|
||
given air flow and still maintain a given amount of
|
||
excess air.
|
||
|
||
2.3.4. Air Flow Required
|
||
|
||
TBURN calculates the required air flow for the given fuel
|
||
and air composition. Based on the amount of fuel
|
||
provided and the given excess air requirement, TBURN
|
||
determines the necessary air flow.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.3.5. [Future Feature]
|
||
|
||
This menu choice has been left empty to accommodate a
|
||
future feature that is already in development. Licensed
|
||
users of TBURN will be advised when this feature is
|
||
available and will be allowed to upgrade.
|
||
|
||
Users may also request the development of additional
|
||
features for future releases of TBURN. Please contact
|
||
Tees Engineering if you have a suggestion.
|
||
|
||
2.3.6. Return to Main Menu
|
||
|
||
Choosing this option will return you to the Main Menu.
|
||
Pressing [ESC] will achieve the same result.
|
||
|
||
2.4. Fuel Gas Composition Input
|
||
|
||
Choosing [Fired Heater Analysis] or [Gas Fuel Combustion]
|
||
from the "Main Menu" will bring up an input screen for
|
||
entering the composition of the fuel gas. TBURN has a
|
||
database of twenty-one component gases, including:
|
||
methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane,
|
||
i-pentane, hexane, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
|
||
monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, air, hydrogen
|
||
sulfide, sulfur dioxide, ethylene, propylene, benzene and
|
||
ammonia.
|
||
|
||
Use the cursor movement keys [Up-Arrow] and [Down-Arrow],
|
||
or [Enter] to move to each component gas, and enter the
|
||
percent volume (mole percent can be used) of each
|
||
component. When all required components have been
|
||
entered, press [ESC] to leave this screen.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
If the total percentage of the gas components does not
|
||
equal 100%, TBURN will prompt you to reenter the input
|
||
data or TBURN will normalize the data to obtain 100%.
|
||
Also, if you do not enter any components, TBURN will
|
||
default to the following typical natural gas composition.
|
||
|
||
Component Vol %
|
||
Methane 83.19
|
||
Ethane 8.48
|
||
Propane 4.37
|
||
n-Butane 0.76
|
||
i-Butane 1.68
|
||
i-Pentane 0.57
|
||
n-Pentane 0.32
|
||
Hexane 0.63
|
||
|
||
2.5. Liquid/Solid Fuel Data Input
|
||
|
||
The "Liquid/Solid Fuel Data Input" screen is designed to
|
||
input the weight percent composition and other
|
||
information about a liquid or solid fuel. The input
|
||
screen prompts the user for the following information as
|
||
shown below:
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Again, move between the input screens using the [Up-
|
||
Arrow], [Down-Arrow] and [Enter] keys. When your input
|
||
data is complete, press [ESC] to leave this input screen.
|
||
|
||
All of the data fields have default values. If you don't
|
||
know a piece of information, allow TBURN to default to
|
||
a typical value. The default solid fuel is a typical
|
||
Pittsburgh coal.
|
||
2.6. Combustion Gas (Air) Data Input
|
||
|
||
The "Combustion Gas (Air) Data Input" screen prompts the
|
||
user for information about the combustion gas or air that
|
||
is used for combustion. TBURN defaults to "standard
|
||
combustion air" as defined by the American Boiler
|
||
Manufacturer's Association (ABMA); i.e. air with a
|
||
composition of 79.01 volume percent Nitrogen (inerts are
|
||
included in the nitrogen percentage) and 20.99 volume %
|
||
Oxygen, with a dry bulb temperature of 80 [F] and
|
||
relative humidity of 60% (0.013 lbs. water per lb. air).
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.7. Fired Heater Data Input
|
||
|
||
The "Fired Heater Data Input" screen is used to input
|
||
the required and optional information about the fired
|
||
heater. This screen varies depending on the type of
|
||
analysis requested from the "Fired Heater Analysis Menu".
|
||
|
||
The following is a summary of the required information
|
||
for each of the heater analysis choices:
|
||
|
||
o Heater Efficiency Based on Stack Temperature
|
||
o Stack Temperature [F], default = 600 [F]
|
||
o Excess Air [%], default = 20%
|
||
|
||
o Excess Air Based on Fuel and Air Flow
|
||
o Fuel Flow, in [SCFM] for gaseous fuels
|
||
in [lb/hr] for liquid/solid fuels
|
||
o Air Flow [SCFM]
|
||
|
||
o Fuel Flow with Given Air Flow and Excess Air Percent
|
||
o Air Flow, in [SCFM, [ACFM] or [lb/hr]
|
||
o Excess Air [%], default = 20%
|
||
|
||
o Air Flow Required
|
||
o Fuel Flow, in [SCFM], [ACFM] or [lb/hr]
|
||
|
||
Some of the optional information that you can also enter
|
||
if that information is known are listed below:
|
||
|
||
Heat Liberated [MMBTU/hr], default = 1 [MMBTU/hr]
|
||
Heat Absorbed [MMBTU/hr]
|
||
Heater Efficiency, HHV [%], default = 85%
|
||
Air (Combustion Gas) Flow, default = 2000 [SCFM]
|
||
Air Flow Units [SCFM],[ACFM] or [lbs/hr]
|
||
Fuel Flow, default = 100 [SCFM]
|
||
Fuel Flow Units [SCFM],[ACFM] or [lbs/hr]
|
||
Excess Air [%], default = 20%
|
||
|
||
Enter only the values that are know and allow TBURN to
|
||
solve for the remaining values.
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.8. Project Information Input
|
||
|
||
Choosing [Input Print], [Print Results] or [Store Data
|
||
File] from the "Main Menu", or [List Results to Printer]
|
||
from the "Results Menu" will bring up an input screen for
|
||
defining the titles and identifiers for your analysis.
|
||
The following input fields are available:
|
||
|
||
o Company
|
||
o Engineer
|
||
o Date
|
||
o Project Title
|
||
o Heater Title
|
||
o Fuel Title
|
||
|
||
None of this information is required. Some of these
|
||
fields have defaults. For example, the date will default
|
||
to the computer system date if no entry is made.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.9. Results
|
||
|
||
2.9.1. Results, General
|
||
|
||
TBURN will display the results of your analysis after you
|
||
have entered all of the required information. It will
|
||
also allow you to redisplay all of the results to the
|
||
screen for further inspection, or to print your results
|
||
to a EPSON FX standard dot matrix printer or other
|
||
printer that can emulate such a printer.
|
||
|
||
2.9.2. Results Menu
|
||
|
||
Selecting [View Results on Screen] from the "Main Menu"
|
||
will cause the "Results Menu" to appear.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Again, position the highlight bar over the desired menu
|
||
item and press [ENTER] or press the first letter in the
|
||
menu item to select that menu item.
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.1. Fuel Properties
|
||
|
||
This menu choice displays the composition and properties
|
||
of the user defined fuel. Also the minimum oxygen and
|
||
air required for complete combustion are displayed.
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.2. Combustion Gas (Air)
|
||
|
||
This menu choice displays the composition, volumetric
|
||
basis and weight basis, and properties of the combustion
|
||
air (air).
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.3. Properties of Flue Gas
|
||
|
||
This menu choice displays the composition of the flue
|
||
gas resulting from the combustion of the User defined
|
||
fuel, with the defined combustion air of the defined
|
||
excess air.
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.4. Heater Analysis
|
||
|
||
The heater results screen is consistent regardless of the
|
||
type of heater analysis you performed. This design was
|
||
used in order to simplify the output and thus reduce your
|
||
learning time.
|
||
|
||
This results screen, shown below, displays all of the
|
||
results, including some based on default or optional
|
||
input data. Be careful when using the results based on
|
||
the default values. Make sure that the results reflect
|
||
the actual conditions of your analysis, or only use the
|
||
relevant results for your problem.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.5. List Results to Printer
|
||
|
||
This menu choice will display the "Print Results Menu",
|
||
where you choose what information to send to your
|
||
printer. See Section 2.3.4. of this document for more
|
||
information.
|
||
|
||
2.9.2.6. Return to Main Menu
|
||
|
||
This selection will return you to the "Main Menu".
|
||
|
||
2.9.3. Print Results Menu
|
||
|
||
Selecting "Print Results" will cause the "Print Results
|
||
Menu" to be displayed. This menu will allow you to
|
||
select which information you what to send to your
|
||
printer. This menu has the following selections:
|
||
|
||
o [A]ll Results
|
||
o [F]uel Properties
|
||
o [C]ombustion Gas (Air)
|
||
o [P]roperties of Flue Gas
|
||
o [H]eater Analysis
|
||
o [I]nput Data
|
||
o [R]eturn to Main Menu
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.0. COMBUSTION THEORY
|
||
|
||
This section will be included in later editions of this
|
||
manual.
|
||
|
||
Useful References:
|
||
|
||
o Babcock and Wilcox. Steam. New York: Publisher,
|
||
19##
|
||
|
||
o Ganapathy, V. Applied Heat Transfer. City:
|
||
Publisher, 19##.
|
||
|
||
o Reed, Robert. Furnace Operations. City:
|
||
Publisher, 19##.
|
||
|
||
o ASHRAE. Fundamentals. City: Publisher, 19##.
|
||
4.0. USER SUPPORT
|
||
|
||
4.1. General
|
||
|
||
The use of TBURN, is fully supported by Tees Engineering.
|
||
The author of the product will address problems directly.
|
||
See Section 4.3, "Contacting the Author" for more
|
||
information.
|
||
|
||
Although comments and recommendations from anyone are
|
||
appreciated, Tees Engineering can only provide technical
|
||
support for Licensed Users of this product.
|
||
|
||
4.2. Problems
|
||
|
||
If you have problems with TBURN, please read this manual
|
||
first to make sure you have a thorough understanding of
|
||
how the program works and should be used. Tees
|
||
Engineering has sought to provide an error-free product,
|
||
but because of the complexity and length of this program,
|
||
some rarely-occurring bugs may exist. If you think you
|
||
have found a problem, please take the time to write or
|
||
call me and explain the problem.
|
||
|
||
All Licensed Users will be informed of any problems and
|
||
their solutions. Bug-fixes will be provided to Licensed
|
||
Users free of charge. Upgrades to TBURN may require a
|
||
small upgrade fee.
|
||
|
||
4.3. Contacting the Author
|
||
|
||
The best way to contact the author, Alistair A. Tees,
|
||
P.E. is by writing a letter or postcard to:
|
||
|
||
TEES ENGINEERING
|
||
1420 - 25TH STREET
|
||
Nederland, Texas 77627
|
||
(409) 727-8388
|
||
|
||
The above telephone number also operates as an RBBS,
|
||
Remote Bulletin Board System, from 6 pm till 7 am CST.
|
||
This BBS supports up to 2400 baud communication. Use of
|
||
this BBS is free to anyone interested, except for the
|
||
cost of your telephone service.
|
||
Another way to contact the author and obtain technical
|
||
support is to leave a message on the RBBS bulletin board,
|
||
Arrakis at (409) 724-0646, 24 hours/day, up to 2400
|
||
baud. Messages may also be left on CIME-ISE, Computers
|
||
In Mechanical Engineering - Information and Software
|
||
Exchange, BBS at (608) 233-3378, 24 hours/day, up to 9600
|
||
baud. CIME-ISE is sponsored by ASME.
|
||
|
||
4.4. Corporate Users
|
||
|
||
TBURN is a unique software package which easily and
|
||
accurately solves combustion and fired heater problems,
|
||
and is worth well in excess of the License Fee of
|
||
$250.00. Corporate users are expected to License each
|
||
of the copy of TBURN in use.
|
||
|
||
Site licenses are available. Please contact Tees
|
||
Engineering for more information.
|
||
|
||
4.5. Dealers, Value Added Resellers, and Consultants
|
||
|
||
If you would like to use TBURN and include it with your
|
||
product or service, please write to Tees Engineering.
|
||
The basic requirement for this distribution is that you
|
||
or your customer License each copy of TBURN. You cannot
|
||
give this software to your customer without first making
|
||
sure that the copy is Licensed. This requirement is for
|
||
your protection since this software is protected by a
|
||
federal copyright, and Tees Engineering and its agents
|
||
is therefore the only parties that can receive any
|
||
consideration or payment for this software.
|
||
|
||
4.6. Agents of Tees Engineering
|
||
|
||
TECHDATA, Inc. is a Marketing Agent of Tees Engineering
|
||
for TBURN. A licensed copy of TBURN can be obtained for
|
||
$ 250.00 from:
|
||
|
||
|
||
TECHDATA
|
||
6615 la Mora
|
||
Houston, Texas 77083
|
||
(713) 498-0797
|
||
(800) 445-3771
|
||
5.0. About the Author, Alistair A. Tees, P.E.
|
||
|
||
Mr. Tees is a registered Professional Engineer in the
|
||
state of Texas, and has over 10 years experience working
|
||
in the petroleum refining, chemical, and pipeline
|
||
industries. Mr. Tees has held positions as Mechanical
|
||
Design Engineer, Field Support Mechanical Engineer,
|
||
Project Engineer and Project Manager. He is now the
|
||
President and Engineering Manager of Tees Engineering.
|
||
|
||
Alistair Tees graduated from Texas Tech University with
|
||
a Bachelor's of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering.
|
||
Mr. Tees is a member of Tau Beta Pi, Engineering Honors
|
||
Society. He is also a member and is or has been an
|
||
officer in the Texas and National Society of Professional
|
||
Engineers, and in the American Society of Mechanical
|
||
Engineers. In 1986, Mr. Tees was honored as the "Young
|
||
Engineer of the Year" by the Sabine Chapter of the Texas
|
||
Society of Professional Engineers.
|
||
|
||
Mr. Tees began developing engineering software in 1979.
|
||
Tees Engineering was founded in 1986 to further develop
|
||
and market a line of "Engineer-Friendly" software for
|
||
working engineers.
|
||
|