589 lines
32 KiB
Plaintext
589 lines
32 KiB
Plaintext
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ÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÛÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÞÛÛÝ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÜ ÜÛÛÛÛÛÜ
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ÛÛÜÜÜÛß ÛÛÜÜÜÛß ÛÛÜÜÜÜ ÛÛÜÜÜÛß ÛÛÜÜÜÛÛ ÛÛÜÜÜÜ ÛÛ ÛÛ ÛÛÜÜÜÜ
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ÛÛßßßÛÛ ÛÛßßßÛÛ ßßßßÛÛ ÛÛßßßÛÛ ÛÛßßßÛÛ ßßßßÛÛ ÛÛ ÛÛ ßßßßÛÛ
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ÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛÛÛÛÛß ÛÛ ÛÛ ßÛÛÛÛÛß ÞÛÛÝ ßÛÛÛÛÛß ßÛÛÛÛÛß
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Reprinted from the Pasco BBS Magazine
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+ + + + +
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Introduction
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The following is reprinted from the Pasco BBS Magazine's January 1993 to
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September 1993 issues. The Pasco BBS Magazine is a free on-line monthly
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magazine mad available courtesy of the Board of Trade BBS (813) 862-4772.
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+ + + + +
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What is a BBS?
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If you mention to a friend, who is not into computers, that you call around
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to Bulletin Board Systems you will probably get a blank stare in return. If
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that same friend looks to their dictionary to find out what a BBS or
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Bulletin Board System is, their search will come up empty. So, just what is
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a BBS?
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An Electronic Bulletin Board System is simply a computer hooked up to phone
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lines. People may call the computer if their own computer has a modem and
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communications software. A modem is a device which allows computers to talk
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to each other over the telephone lines. The right communications software
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can make the job of connecting to a BBS quite simple.
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Once one calls a BBS, a whole new world of information, services and fun
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opens up. Bulletin Boards are one of the best places to get the latest in
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software for your PC, most of the time before you can get the programs
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through disk vendors. Callers can also leave messages to people who call
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the board or discuss issues with computer users all over the world. Many
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BBSes have games which you can play, sometimes against other callers. Some
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boards offer unique services which cannot be obtained anywhere else.
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Bulletin Board Systems vary greatly, from the small hobbyist to the big
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software companies support boards, each BBS has it own feel and selection
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of features. Most of the boards which users access are set up by hobbyists
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for their own enjoyment. The system operator (Sysop for short) tries to
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have all the information you will need to get started posted somewhere on
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the board, but most are more than happy to answer any questions users might
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have.
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+ + + + +
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Calling a BBS for the First Time
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Long log-on questionnaires and call back verification may be the complaint
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of the veteran BBSer, but can you remember back to your first call to a BBS?
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It can be a little confusing, especially for the new computer user.
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Bulletin Boards do have a habit of assuming the user knows what to expect
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when calling.
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Many first time BBS callers are calling on their first PC, and are using the
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inexpensive communications software which came with the computer. A friend
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has given them some BBS numbers, so they call. They see some commands they
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don't understand and a bunch of jumble which seems to make little sense.
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The new caller never gave configuration of his computer and software for
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graphics a thought, and the software may not even support graphics to begin
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with. Many potential users never call back and rely on disk vendors for
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Shareware. Using a decent communication software package can make bulletin
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boards a much friendlier place to visit.
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Most of today's BBSes use ANSI or similar graphics. The graphics are
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attractive, and great for games, but do slow down the transmission speed.
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If you are calling with a slow speed modem, this can cause a substantial
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slow-down. One of the first questions which many BBS software programs ask
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when calling is if you want graphics. Unfortunately, some BBS software
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programs default into graphics and some have no way to exit the graphic mode.
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This is a matter of preference, some people love graphics, other hate it.
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Now that you dialed the BBS number, and settled the graphics question, you
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should be at the welcoming or log-on screen. The first screen generally
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gives information about the board itself. BBS name, location, baud rates,
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available networks, or anything else the Sysop deems appropriate. Then you
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are generally asked to give your name. You should always use your real name
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when logging on to a bulletin board, even if the board does allow fictitious
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names (handles). The Sysop has the responsibility and right to know who is
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accessing his BBS. When you enter your name for the first time, the BBS
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software will ask if you have your name spelled correctly, or if you are a
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new user. After selecting new user another screen, or screens, appear with
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information which the Sysop wants first time callers to know. Normally,
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these screens contain things like welcoming comments, rules or where to find
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help. You will then be asked if you want to register with the BBS. If you
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answer yes, a questionnaire will follow.
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The new user questionnaires vary from board to board, but most ask for name,
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address and telephone number. From there it depends on how the Sysop has
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set up his BBS software. Some Sysops ask only a few pertinent questions,
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others have questionnaires which seem endless. Again, always use real and
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accurate information when answering the questions. The questions normally
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include a couple on setting up the BBS software for your use. Things like
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page length, transfer protocol, or hot keys. If you are not sure, use the
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recommended (default) settings. What is selected can be changed later.
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After filling out the questionnaires most boards give limited access to the
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BBS until the verification process is completed.
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The verification process can take many forms. Some Sysops will take the
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time to call by voice each and every caller to their board. Other Sysops
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rely on the new caller ID technology and some force new callers into a call
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back verification. In this day of caller ID, call-back verification seems
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like an awful lot of hassle to put the novice BBS caller through. What
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happens is the BBS will log you off and try to call back at the number you
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entered during the questionnaire. This way the Sysop knows that is a valid
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telephone number and that the information provided by the user is most
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likely accurate. The problem is that many first time callers have trouble
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setting up their modem to answer the phone and are still looking at the
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manual when the verification call comes. The call-back software has
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significantly improved, some can be activated from the keyboard. Again, it
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is the Sysop's option which type of verification is used.
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On your first call to a BBS you will most likely have limited options. Some
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boards will not allow file transfers and others will not allow anything
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until the user is verified and upgraded. The Sysop only does this to
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protect himself, and his substantial investment. It is the Sysops option on
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how much the unverified user can do on his board.
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+ + + + +
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The Main Menu
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After logging-on, or filling out the new user questionnaire, most BBSes have
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other screens before you actually reach the main menu. Most bulletin
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boards have news updates. Also things like the caller's statistics or
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advertising screens may be displayed before reaching the main menu. All BBS
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software programs operate a little different, so you may have to go to sub-
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menus for some features. One software program may automatically take the
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user through the bulletin menu before reaching the main menu, another may
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have sub-menus for messages or files.
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BBSes almost always have a sub menu for bulletins, after all they are called
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bulletin boards. This is information which caller's can read on-line, and
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there are a limitless number of possible bulletins to select from. Most
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Sysops have the board rules, general information, and help for new users.
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Other popular bulletins are BBS listings, top scores for on-line games and
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newsletters. The bulletin menu is a good place for new users to spend some
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time, as many Sysops have informational bulletins on a variety of BBS
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related topics.
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Some BBSes have questionnaires or user polls which can be accessed through
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the main menu, however, it is not uncommon for a BBS not to offer any
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questionnaires. Sometimes these questionnaires are set up for fun, or maybe
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the Sysop would like some specific information from the users. Some typical
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examples would include questionnaires on what users like about BBSing or a
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poll on the next election. Support boards may have a questionnaire on their
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product, so feedback to specific questions can be received. If the BBS has
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subscription fees for membership, a questionnaire may be used for on-line
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credit card registration.
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Most systems allow callers to page the system operator for a chat. If you
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have questions the Sysop may be available to talk to you on-line. Most
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Sysops enjoy chatting with users, but it is considered good BBS etiquette
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not to ask questions which are answered fully elsewhere on the board. You
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have nothing to lose by paging, at worse the Sysop will not be available.
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The main menu normally offers some utility functions, so the settings you
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are using can be re-configured if required. Some boards have a command to
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list all the users. All this leads to main reasons people call bulletin
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board systems in the first place.
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+ + + + +
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Messages, Conferences and Networks
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Unfortunately, a large percentage of today's bulletin board callers are not
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interested in reading messages. They are more likely to be calling for files
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or to play on-line games. However, the callers who have been at this awhile
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can remember when BBSes offered little else, and they still maintain an
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attraction for reading messages. In the early days there was nothing called
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Shareware or the wide variety of game doors that are now available. Yes, the
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BBS pioneers called primarily to talk to each other and to this day messages
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remain a major part of BBSing.
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In the simplest form, a message is left on a bulletin board system so another
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user may read it and reply. A private message is left for just one person and
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no one else can read it. It should be noted that you should never leave
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something in a message which you would be afraid to have someone else read, as
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there is no such thing as a truly private message. Sysops can read messages
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or someone could download the message file, or capture file, and possibly read
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all messages. Public messages are more fun, as everyone who accesses the
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system may read and maybe respond to the message. Some systems may have quite
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a few messages and some messages may have been left some time ago, leaving a
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sort of system history.
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The problem with having numerous messages is that they may vary considerably
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as to topic, thus making the user have to wade through all the messages to
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find those which interest them. This is how the idea of conferences came into
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being. By having users enter messages in conferences, which pertain to a
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particular subject, all similar messages are grouped together. BBSes may have
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a "for sale" conference, "teen" conference or "sports" conference. This way
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the users know where to go for messages which interest them. The problem is
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that once the messages are separated into all the different conferences, there
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may be very few messages in each conference. This is what brought about the
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development of networks.
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By linking computers together by networks, a message on one system is "echoed"
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to other systems. Bulletin boards may choose to have network conferences,
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which pertain to whatever subjects the Sysop feels the users will enjoy the
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most, so that messages originally left on more than one system may be read.
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This way the advantage of having specialized conferences is not hampered by
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having very few messages to read. Another advantage of networks is that a
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user can leave a message on their local BBS for someone in another area, and
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thus avoid the long-distance telephone charges. Some echo-mail networks are
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huge with thousands of systems all over the world. But to be a network all it
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really takes is two BBSes and many networks start out this way. Thousands of
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boards are calling each other, normally in the middle of the night, to
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transfer mail. Most boards are "nodes" which call the particular network
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"hub," so messages can be received from a common place. Larger networks may
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have "regional hubs" because the "network hub" could not handle all the
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systems calling each night.
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+ + + + +
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Files and Archives
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The one thing which has caused bulletin boards to become popular are files,
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and there is no doubt that the majority of today's BBS users are more
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interested in files than any other features. What has caused the explosion in
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the number of available files on bulletin boards? The success of Shareware
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more than anything else.
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Shareware is a new concept to many in the computer world who are used to
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buying software in a store, after just reading the packaging to decide which
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program to take a chance on. Shareware is a revolutionary new marketing
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concept which encourages people to "try before they buy" any software. If you
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like the program you are legally bound to pay a registration fee for continued
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use, if you don't like it just delete it and move on. If you are looking for
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a typing tutor program download half a dozen, then decide which you like best
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and register that program only. Try going into your local computer store and
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buying a bunch of programs to "try before you buy," and returning all but the
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one you like. You will be laughed out of the store. Not only does Shareware
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allow it, but authors encourage you to give copies of their programs to your
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friends. And if all that is not enough, most Shareware registration fees are
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considerably cheaper than what the "shrink-wrap" software companies are asking
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for their products. And yes, the quality of Shareware rivals any other form
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of distribution. Why do software authors send out their programs all over the
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world for people to use free of charge? Because a growing percentage of
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people are supporting the Shareware marketing concept and sending in
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registration fees. Do to the success of Shareware, more and more authors are
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turning to distributing programs that way. This is the primary reason for the
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explosion in the number of files in the BBS world.
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There are also Public Domain or Freeware programs which the users are not
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expected to pay anything at all for. These programs may include small utility
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programs, informational text files or maybe something the program's author
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would just like to get some feedback on. There are indeed hundreds of
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thousands of different files available on boards through out the county.
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The majority of the files found on bulletin boards are in the archive format,
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which always gives the novice BBS user problems with the first few downloads.
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Most people log on a board and download some great sounding program and cannot
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figure out how to get it to work. This leads to more calls to the boards,
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reading bulletins or paging Sysops, in an attempt to find out how to use this
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file they cannot wait to try. Since most bulletin boards use files with a
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.ZIP extension, users learn quickly about file compression.
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Why are almost all files on bulletins found in the archive format? There are
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basically two reasons. One reason is to compress the file's size, thus
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reducing the amount of time it takes to transfer the file via the modem
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connection. The other reason is to group all the files necessary to operate
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the program under a single name, so the caller does not have to download a
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bunch of different files to get one program to run. The .ZIP format archive
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is by far the most common in the BBS world, but there are others. Most users
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quickly download the correct archive utility file, read the documentation and
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are on their way.
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+ + + + +
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File Transfers and Protocols
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The act of receiving a file from another computer through a modem connection
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is what is known as downloading. The modem actually makes it possible for two
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computers to exchange information over a system of wires which was originally
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designed for voice. Sending a file to another computer is called uploading.
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Even the most novice BBS user has most likely heard those terms. However, it
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is never an easy question to answer when asked "how do I download?" This is
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not to insinuate that the act of downloading is that complex of a maneuver,
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but that there are so many different bulletin board and communications
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software combinations available. Each bulletin board software has its unique
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menus and series of commands to prepare the board for downloading. The other
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side is that each communications software also has its own unique series of
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commands to prepare for receiving the file.
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The best thing to do may be to give a few tips to those who have not called
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around that much to bulletin boards. Take some time to read over some of the
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documentation which came with your communications software, or if your program
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has decent on line help read some of that. The most important thing is to
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have your communications software set up to match what the bulletin board
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software is using, however, that is not as complicated as it may sound. In
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most cases just using the default, or suggested, settings will be enough to
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get you started. You can always fine tune things to your own tastes as time
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goes own. One thing to remember is to experiment, try different things on the
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board, you cannot hurt a BBS by hitting a few keys.
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When considering your settings, always make sure your file transfer protocol
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matches what the bulletin board will be sending the file with. Most boards
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offer a selection of file transfer protocols which the caller can select from,
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as do most communications programs. Here is a brief introduction to the more
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common transfer protocols.
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ASCII - This is often seen on BBS's protocol lists, which is an abbreviation
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for American Standard Code for Information Exchange. There is no form of
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error detection available and usually only ASCII files can be sent in this
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way. Some may say that this is not truly a transfer protocol, but it is still
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used in isolated cases.
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Xmodem (CRC) - This may or may not be the most popular protocol in use today,
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as it is slowly being replaced by quicker and more reliable protocols. Xmodem
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(CRC) sends files in blocks of 128 characters at a time and checks for errors
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using a sophisticated Cyclic Redundancy Check.
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Xmodem (Checksum) - Information is transferred in 128 byte blocks with a less
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reliable Checksum error correction method.
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1K Xmodem - This is a variation of Xmodem (CRC) that uses blocks that are 1
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Kilobyte (1024 bytes) in size.
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1K Xmodem/G - This variation of Xmodem is meant for error-free channels such
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as error correcting modems or direct cable links between two computers. It
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achieves great speed, however, it does not have error correction and if an
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error occurs the transfer is aborted.
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Ymodem (Batch) - This protocol is a variation on 1K Xmodem, which allows for
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multiple files to be sent per transfer. While transferring files it uses the
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1024 byte block size and the CRC error correction method.
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Ymodem/G (Batch) - This protocol is a variation on Ymodem which achieves very
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high transfer rates by sending 1024 blocks without waiting for acknowledgment.
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There is no error correction and if an error occurs the transfer is aborted.
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Zmodem (Batch) - This advanced protocol is very fast, incredibly reliable and
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offers many features. Zmodem can transfer files in a batch and can detect and
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recover from errors quickly. The Zmodem Recovery feature can resume an
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interrupted transfer.
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HS/Link - This is a new protocol which is just beginning to be offered on some
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bulletin boards. It is a high speed, single and bi-directional file transfer
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protocol with many advanced features.
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+ + + + +
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All About Doors
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When someone calls a BBS for the first time, there is a very good chance they
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have never heard the term "door" as it relates to bulletin boards. The
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explanation of what a door is, however, is really quite simple. There are a
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variety of doors on the market which have become quite popular.
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A door is actually a way to exit the bulletin board software and access a
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program which the system operator has made available to the callers. The door
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is not actually something built into the BBS, but a program which the board
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must use externally. The board may have to shell to DOS to use the door
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selected, but that is not always the case. A door is a little customizing
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done on the part of the Sysop.
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Game doors have been immensely popular in the on-line community. The variety
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of game doors available is huge with new ones coming out all the time. The
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basic game door allows the player to play a game and post a score for other
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callers to try to beat. There are also game doors which have an interactive
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feel by having players taking turns in a more complex game, however, turns are
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still taken one at a time. If a BBS has more than one phone line it could
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offer game doors where callers can truly play a one-on-one game in real time.
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As with everything else in the computer world, the quality of these doors has
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improved dramatically over the last few years.
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Games are not the only type of program which a bulletin board may use doors to
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access. Mail doors are found on a large percent of BBSs, especially if echo-
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mail is offered. One nice feature of a mail door is it allows users to
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download new messages and read them off-line, thus, cutting down on the time
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of the call itself. There are BBS lists, mailing lists and other utility type
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programs which have been designed to be used as a door. Some BBS software
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programs allow the Sysop to operate almost any program as a door, so the
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possibilities are endless.
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+ + + + +
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Chatting, Paging and a Few Words
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One thing that happens on bulletins is the opportunity to "talk" with people
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live on-line. There are various ways which you may type back and forth with
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another bulletin board user. Just about every BBS software package on the
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market allows for talking with the Sysop which is better known as paging, or
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if the Sysop initiates the talk the Sysop Chat. Boards with more than one
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phone line have the option of having chats with several users at one time.
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There are many utilities and doors available to enhance chatting, so this more
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interactive aspect of bulletin boards can have a different feel on different
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boards. Talking in a live, real time mode is something that is quite popular
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on some boards.
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Just a few final thoughts on bulletin boards. The BBS has not been around
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very long and even today only a very small percentage of the population knows
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much about this estimated one-half billion dollar industry. However, bulletin
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boards have really grown up since the early days. Back when this all started
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it was just a few programers, maybe tying together various utilities to make
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the thing workable. The systems at the time where unstable compared to the
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software which has developed through the years. In the past things like "BBS
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etiquette" seemed to be a really important topic. If someone hung up on the
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board, without following the proper log-off procedures, it could lock up or
|
||
possibly even damage the system. Dropping carrier has little effect on most
|
||
bulletin boards today, but is still considered rude. Bulletin boards seem to
|
||
have fewer rules today than in the past. When was the last time you read the
|
||
old "remember, you are calling someone's home" rule? It has been estimated
|
||
that there are almost 50,000 bulletin boards nationwide, so the competition
|
||
for callers is intense. Certainly every board needs some very explicit rules
|
||
which must be followed, for example, no posting of pirated software. I am not
|
||
advocating that users abuse a system, more that I think the changes can only
|
||
help the BBS world become more accessible to more people.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
The BBS Glossary
|
||
|
||
Access - To use a BBS, as in accessing, or the amount you can use it, as in
|
||
access level.
|
||
|
||
ANSI - While actually an acronym for the American National Standards
|
||
Institute, it refers to the widely used graphics on BBSs.
|
||
|
||
Archive - A file which has been compressed, or at least stored, under a
|
||
specific name. This allows for faster transfer times and the grouping of
|
||
related files. Originally meant for files with an .ARC extension.
|
||
|
||
ASCII - An acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange
|
||
which is the most common format for text files.
|
||
|
||
Batch - A group of files which is either downloaded or uploaded, commonly
|
||
called a Batch File Transfer.
|
||
|
||
Baud Rate - The speed of the modem connection, the higher the rate the faster
|
||
data travels.
|
||
|
||
Bulletin - Text which the Sysop has made available to users. Bulletins may be
|
||
informational or educational, give the high game scores, or whatever the
|
||
Sysop deems appropriate.
|
||
|
||
Bulletin Board System (BBS) - A computer hooked up to a modem so that other
|
||
people can call and access information, files or games.
|
||
|
||
Bits Per Second (BPS) - The rate data is transmitted through a modem
|
||
connection. Increases with the baud rate.
|
||
|
||
Caller - Someone who accesses a bulletin board from a remote location.
|
||
|
||
Capture - Saving text from BBS display to a file on the remote computer
|
||
normally in ASCII format.
|
||
|
||
Chat - The ability to communicate with users on other lines (or nodes).
|
||
Callers can chat back and forth in a live conversation.
|
||
|
||
Communications Software - Computer program which allows for easier calling of
|
||
BBSs. Some software packages have all kinds of advanced features, and many
|
||
are quite easy to set-up.
|
||
|
||
Compressed File - A file, or group of files, which have been reduced in size
|
||
using compression utilities. A compressed file uses less disk space and
|
||
speeds up transfer times.
|
||
|
||
Conference - A separate area on a BBS which is directed at specific topics.
|
||
Conferences almost always have their own message base, and some have their own
|
||
file directories or doors.
|
||
|
||
Default - Refers to settings used by BBS or communications software. Many
|
||
times the preset configuration works fine, especially for new users.
|
||
|
||
Door - A program with has been added onto the BBS, but is not part of the BBS
|
||
software itself. Sysops customize their board by adding game or utility type
|
||
doors.
|
||
|
||
Download - Receiving data from a BBS through the modem connection. Downloads
|
||
from BBSs are known as files.
|
||
|
||
Drop Carrier - Hanging up on a BBS without following the proper log-off
|
||
procedures. Occasionally can happen on either end unintentionally.
|
||
|
||
Echo Mail - Messages which go out over a BBS network.
|
||
|
||
External Protocol - File transfer protocol which is not actually built into
|
||
the particular BBS or communications software, but most be accessed
|
||
externally.
|
||
|
||
File - Data transferred through the modem connection for use on the receiving
|
||
computer. Files can be complete programs, informational text, graphic images
|
||
or many other formats.
|
||
|
||
Freeware - Software which is legally copyrighted, however, the author asks for
|
||
no monetary compensation for the program.
|
||
|
||
Internal Protocol - File transfer protocol which is built into the particular
|
||
BBS or communications software.
|
||
|
||
Line Noise - Static which can occur during a modem connection due to the fact
|
||
that the telephone system was originally designed for voice.
|
||
|
||
Local - Use of the BBS at it's physical location. Typically, the Sysop
|
||
accessing the BBS software directly.
|
||
|
||
Log-on - Calling a BBS, and going through the most common procedure of giving
|
||
name and password.
|
||
|
||
Main Board - The primary conference on a BBS, and where the callers normally
|
||
are when they first log-on. Most general messages, files and doors should be
|
||
found here.
|
||
|
||
Message - Something left by a BBS user for others to read. A message could be
|
||
left for a single user, or for all users to read.
|
||
|
||
Message Base - All messages left on a BBS, or more specifically the location
|
||
of those messages.
|
||
|
||
Modem - Device which allows computers to talk to each other over a system
|
||
which originally designed for voice.
|
||
|
||
Network - Different BBSs exchanging messages to increase the activity and
|
||
diversity of the message base. The echo mail network allows a user to leave a
|
||
message on one BBS which can be read on BBS at a different location. On some
|
||
of the large networks a message can be read literally around the world.
|
||
|
||
Node - Commonly used as the number of telephone lines hooked up to a BBS with
|
||
each line being a node, but each BBS also has a local node.
|
||
|
||
Password - A unique series of keyboard characters that a caller selects to
|
||
access a BBS. It should be kept confidential to prevent others from logging-
|
||
on using your name.
|
||
|
||
Paging - Requesting a live chat with the Sysop, who may answer the page if
|
||
available.
|
||
|
||
Private - Indicates a conference or message is not meant for all callers, and
|
||
may refer to some BBSs which have restricted access.
|
||
|
||
Protocol - Modems must use the same protocol to communicate during file
|
||
transfers. There are a growing number of protocols to choose from.
|
||
|
||
Public - A conference, message or BBS which is open for any caller. A public
|
||
message can be read by all users. A public board will have private messages
|
||
and perhaps some private conferences, but generally access is available to
|
||
all.
|
||
|
||
Public Domain - Programs or files which are released free of charge with
|
||
little restriction for use.
|
||
|
||
Remote Computer - A computer which has connected to the BBS by modem.
|
||
|
||
Script - A questionnaire set-up by the Sysop to get information from the
|
||
caller.
|
||
|
||
Security Level - Level of access given to a caller which determines what the
|
||
caller may access on the BBS. Users may require a higher security level to
|
||
access certain conferences or files.
|
||
|
||
Shareware - A method of software distribution which allows you to try before
|
||
you buy. Shareware can be used for a limited time without payment, but
|
||
registration is required if the product is used past the evaluation period.
|
||
|
||
Sysop - Short for System Operator, the person who operates the BBS.
|
||
|
||
Transfer - The receiving or sending of a file with a BBS.
|
||
|
||
Upload - Sending data, typically files, to a BBS through the modem connection.
|
||
|
||
User - Originally meant to imply someone calling in the local mode, while
|
||
those who access the BBS from a remote computer where know as callers. Now
|
||
commonly implies both callers and users.
|
||
|
||
User Account - The record containing information for an individual user.
|
||
Things like user name, password, address, the number of uploads and downloads,
|
||
security level are typically found in the user account.
|
||
|
||
Verification - Many BBSs have some way of verifying that the caller logging-on
|
||
is actually who they say they are. Caller ID, doors which call the user back,
|
||
or calling all users by voice are common practices.
|
||
|
||
Zip - The most common form of compressed file found on BBSs.
|
||
|
||
+ + + + +
|
||
|
||
(C)Copyright 1993 Richard Ziegler - All Rights Reserved
|
||
|
||
+ + + + + |