331 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
331 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(word processor parameters LM=8, RM=75, TM=2, BM=2)
|
|
Taken from KeelyNet BBS (214) 324-3501
|
|
Sponsored by Vangard Sciences
|
|
PO BOX 1031
|
|
Mesquite, TX 75150
|
|
|
|
There are ABSOLUTELY NO RESTRICTIONS
|
|
on duplicating, publishing or distributing the
|
|
files on KeelyNet except where noted!
|
|
|
|
January 5, 1994
|
|
|
|
ZPE7.ASC
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
This excellent file shared with KeelyNet courtesy of Dan Davidson.
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
The following article from VDI, one of the most prestigious German
|
|
technical magazines, on the zero point energy (ZPE) is a very big
|
|
signal that free energy is now becoming a mainstream scientifically
|
|
accepted phenomenon. I gratefully acknowledge the translation work
|
|
by Walt Hintzen who provided me with the article.
|
|
Enjoy!! - Dan A. Davidson. December 9, 1993.
|
|
|
|
|
|
QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS CREATE SILENT UPROAR IN SPACE
|
|
(ZERO POINT ENERGY WOULD SOLVE MANY PROBLEMS OF
|
|
PHYSICS AT ONE STROKE)
|
|
|
|
by Michael Odenwald in Verein Deutscher Inginieure,
|
|
Dusseldorf July 19, 1991
|
|
|
|
Abstract: It sounds like a fable: heaters heat and automobiles roll
|
|
and create not a gram of pollution driven by a mysterious
|
|
energy. This same power will make laptop computers more
|
|
powerful than today's super computers and will
|
|
revolutionize other technologies. The fantastic thing
|
|
here is: this super energy which is supposed to do all
|
|
these things originates in empty space.
|
|
|
|
Article: US researchers Harold Puthoff, Ken Shoulders and Bill
|
|
Church from the Institute of Advanced Studies in Austin, Texas
|
|
forecast this utopia. The basis of their ideas is vacuum energy, a
|
|
power which fills the entire universe and probably underlies all
|
|
material existence. If the theories of the three researchers prove
|
|
out they would eliminate all worries about energy forever. They
|
|
would also solve some of the greatest puzzles of cosmology and
|
|
particle physics including the question of the nature of
|
|
gravitation.
|
|
|
|
In the telescopes of the astronomers the universe appears
|
|
majestically quiet and empty, only spotted here and there by massive
|
|
world islands. Quantum theory, on the other hand, shows a
|
|
different, much more bizarre view of the cosmos. It deals with the
|
|
microcosm of subatomic particles. At the level of particles, like
|
|
electrons, protons and neutrons, space is not empty, but a boiling
|
|
sea of energy that fills the space between atoms and molecules as
|
|
well as between the stars. Particles jump like spray in a foaming
|
|
ocean, like lightning leaping out of an insubstantive energy bath
|
|
|
|
Page 1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
into the material world. With equal rapidity these particles fall
|
|
back into the sea of energy and disappear (physicists speak of
|
|
"virtual particles", because they have no existence in the world of
|
|
real particles). In this minute instant of their existence, these
|
|
ghost particles send out a weak pulse of electromagnetic waves. To
|
|
be sure, the radiation from individual particles dissipates in an
|
|
extremely short distance. But because these elements of radiation
|
|
are generated constantly and everywhere, space is filled by an
|
|
enormous amount of energy.
|
|
|
|
The energy density of the vacuum exceeds that in the nucleus of an
|
|
atom. The American physicists John Wheeler and Richard Feynman have
|
|
calculated that the energy in the vacuum of a single light bulb is
|
|
sufficient to bring all the water in the oceans of the world to the
|
|
boiling point. At the same time this tremendous energy cannot be
|
|
felt. The reason: it permeates the universe equally in all
|
|
directions. Thus, matter is held in balance between equal forces.
|
|
|
|
Nevertheless, this vacuum energy leaves its trace in certain
|
|
physical phenomena. According to classical physics, every
|
|
oscillator, like a pendulum, eventually comes to rest because of
|
|
friction. Quantum theory, on the other hand, states that an
|
|
oscillator never comes completely to rest, but will continue to
|
|
oscillate in microscopically small random motions around its rest
|
|
point, even when it has been cooled to absolute zero so that
|
|
molecular heat motion is not a consideration. Cause of the
|
|
unpredictable vibration is the so-called zero point energy.
|
|
|
|
The source of the vibrations, in turn, are the energetic
|
|
fluctuations of the vacuum. These provide the virtual particles
|
|
with their electromagnetic radiations. Particles that are embedded
|
|
in this ocean of radiation are caused to tremble by the constant
|
|
impacts of the virtual particles. (This trembling has serious
|
|
consequences in many physical systems. For example, the unavoidable
|
|
noise of a microwave receiver. Even the most perfect cannot
|
|
suppress this noise, since it is caused by the zero point energy
|
|
that creates the radiations in this wavelength.
|
|
|
|
As early as 1940, US physicist William Lamb discovered that
|
|
fluctuations of the electromagnetic field can easily disturb the
|
|
paths of electrons around the atomic nucleus. This results in the
|
|
"Lamb displacement" (photons that are created by the shifting of
|
|
electrons into a different path show a frequency displaced from the
|
|
normal value.)
|
|
|
|
The simple fact that an electron orbits the atomic nucleus on a
|
|
stable path is a great puzzle of physics. Classical theory
|
|
describes the atom like a small planetary system: electron planets
|
|
orbit the sun of the atomic nucleus. Electromagnetic fields work on
|
|
charged particles. The particles are forced out of their path and
|
|
react by radiating light. The photons (light particles) carry off
|
|
the energy picked up from the electromagnetic field. One would
|
|
therefore expect electrons which are forced into their orbital paths
|
|
by the nucleus charge, to send out radiations and fall in a spiral
|
|
path into the nucleus like a satellite falling to earth. Quantum
|
|
theory does not explain why this does not happen. It describes the
|
|
characteristics of the particles and declares that they only jump
|
|
back and forth between specific energy levels in the electron
|
|
orbits. Since they cannot drop below the lowest energy level, they
|
|
|
|
Page 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
do not fall into the nucleus. Even the quantizing of the electron
|
|
paths does not explain the physical background for their stability.
|
|
|
|
Harold Puthoff, physicist at the Texas think tank, believes he has
|
|
the answer: again he sees the ZPE at work. According to his idea,
|
|
electrons do radiate energy while orbiting the atomic nucleus, but
|
|
they absorb an equal amount of energy from the electron
|
|
fluctuations, and so the atom is saved from collapse. Writing in
|
|
the New Scientist, Puthoff said, "The equilibrium between these two
|
|
processes leads to the values for the parameters which define the
|
|
fundamental energy condition. Therefore there exists a dynamic
|
|
equilibrium in which the zero point energy stabilizes the electron
|
|
in the its orbital condition. It appears that the stability of
|
|
matter itself depends upon the fundamental ocean of the
|
|
electromagnetic fluctuations."
|
|
|
|
Also, Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle appears in a new light.
|
|
This principles states that it is impossible to determine all the
|
|
conditions of a physical system at the same time, for example, the
|
|
position and velocity of a particle. If the velocity of an electron
|
|
is determined, its position remains unclear: although a discrete
|
|
particle, it appears smeared over a larger area. Only statistics
|
|
helped quantum physicists out of their dilemma. This makes it
|
|
possible at least to calculate the probability with which a particle
|
|
with a certain energy can be found in a certain position. For a
|
|
long time this indeterminacy was considered a characteristic of
|
|
matter itself. Actually, it is the ZPE which causes the particles
|
|
to tremble. Their exact position must therefore necessarily appear
|
|
unclear, says Puthoff. The uncertainty principle is therefore a
|
|
direct effect of vacuum fluctuations.
|
|
|
|
Puthoff even has a new slant on gravitational theory. Einstein saw
|
|
gravity as a warping of space caused by the mass of objects in
|
|
space. Galaxies, stars, and planets cause depressions in 4
|
|
dimensional space, like marbles on a taughtly stretched rubber
|
|
surface. If the marbles approach each other, they roll in the
|
|
direction of the indentations caused by their weight. "This shows
|
|
how gravity functions, but it doesn't explain the mechanism behind
|
|
it," says the US physicist. Again, Puthoff's famous theory, as
|
|
written up in the Physical Review, sees the power of the vacuum at
|
|
work. As two bodies approach each other one will screen off the
|
|
second from the radiation field of the ZPE coming from it's
|
|
direction. And vice versa. Out of all the other directions these
|
|
bodies continue under the influence of the pressure of the
|
|
fluctuations. The result: they move toward one another.
|
|
|
|
It now appears no longer necessary to unite gravitation in an all
|
|
encompassing theory with the other three fundamental powers of
|
|
nature - the electromagnetic as well as the strong and weak nuclear
|
|
forces. The creation of a unified field theory has hitherto caused
|
|
physicists tremendous difficulties. Although the theory of
|
|
electromagnetic fields could be tied to radioactive decay and the
|
|
power that holds the atomic nucleus together, gravity did not fit
|
|
into any of the mathematical concepts which grew into increasingly
|
|
abstract Babylonian towers of physics, and were consequently
|
|
unsuccessful.
|
|
|
|
As a result of the ZPE, gravitation is not seen to be a fundamental
|
|
power but is only a secondary effect, resulting from the alternating
|
|
|
|
Page 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
functioning of other fields. In this form gravity is already a
|
|
component of the unified field theory. At the same time it becomes
|
|
clear why gravity is so weak, always pushing and never pulling and -
|
|
in contrast with electromagnetic fields - it cannot be shielded:
|
|
vacuum fluctuations penetrate space itself. The recently deceased
|
|
Russian physicist, Andrei Sakarov, also saw gravitation as a result
|
|
of the inter-workings of the vacuum energy and matter. This should
|
|
make it possible to calculate the value of the gravitational
|
|
constant G by parameters derived from the theory of ZPE. Puthoff
|
|
followed Sakarov's ideas with some success. So particles that are
|
|
coupled through vacuum fluctuation fields experience an attractive
|
|
force on the order of gravitation.
|
|
|
|
As far back as the 60's, physicist Timothy Boyer of New York city
|
|
college combined formulas of classical physics with the random
|
|
fields of ZPE. It was his goal to reproduce the entire quantum
|
|
theory with this approach. The result: Boyer's "Stochastic
|
|
Electrodynamics" produced in many cases the same results as Max
|
|
Planks' Quantum Electrodynamics, among others in regard to the
|
|
radiation of black bodies, with "harmonic oscillators", with Van der
|
|
Walls forces as well as the Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. "If
|
|
the physicists had taken this path around 1900 they would have done
|
|
much better with this classical approach than with Plank's quantum
|
|
theory", commented Boyer's colleague Peter Milonni of the Los Alamos
|
|
National Laboratory.
|
|
|
|
The way this cosmic power could be used to generate energy is shown
|
|
by the effect named after the Dutch Physicist, Hendrix B. Casimir.
|
|
Two smooth metal plates held apart a very small distance must
|
|
attract each other very powerfully. The reason: in the space
|
|
between the plates there are far fewer vacuum fluctuations than in
|
|
the space outside. The pressure of the radiation, therefore, pushes
|
|
the plates together - as it also pushes heavenly bodies together
|
|
(accordingly gravity is a macro demonstration of the Casimir
|
|
effect). At the meeting of the plates an enormous amount of heat is
|
|
generated - the vacuum energy is translated into useful energy. Of
|
|
course this can only be done once with each pair of plates, because
|
|
to separate the plates to start a new cycle would require the
|
|
application of the energy liberated in the previous cycle. Expert
|
|
Ken Shoulders came up with a different solution. He wants to use a
|
|
cold electrically charged plasma (in a plasma the nuclei and the
|
|
electrons are separated) to generate energy. The Casimir effect is
|
|
supposed to compress the plasma which would generate heat. The
|
|
repulsion of the nuclei drives the dense gas apart, and a new cycle
|
|
begins.
|
|
|
|
Shoulders discovered another phenomenon that could be based on the
|
|
Casimir effect. "If electrons are packed together with sufficient
|
|
force they no longer repel each other but form clusters. These
|
|
electron clusters require no electrical conductors. For instance,
|
|
they run in small rills of a ceramic body - in fact, a thousand
|
|
times faster than in a semiconductor," declared the Texas
|
|
researcher. An energetic spark discharge is sufficient to generate
|
|
these clusters. Ultrafast chips and greatly miniaturized
|
|
instruments are possible uses of such dense clusters. One thinks of
|
|
extremely flat TV screens with the electronic components integrated
|
|
in the screen, very tiny xray generators which could be inserted
|
|
into the body of the patient to radiate tumors, or one hundred
|
|
horsepower motors that are only slightly larger than the crankshaft.
|
|
|
|
Page 4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
But where does the ZPE come from? "There are two thoughts on this.
|
|
One says that it is simply a part of the boundary conditions of our
|
|
universe the same as the background radiation resulting from the big
|
|
bang", explained vacuum expert Puthoff. The other requires a
|
|
stronger imagination: the quantum fluctuations drive the trembling
|
|
(to which Puthoff ascribed Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle) of
|
|
all the material particles in the universe. The sum of these
|
|
motions, however, could generate the zero point fields which in turn
|
|
generate the virtual particles and their radiation field, which
|
|
again causes the physical particles to vibrate - something like a
|
|
cat chasing its own tail. Puthoff calls this phenomenon, which
|
|
possibly keeps the whole cosmos running, a "self-generating
|
|
cosmological feedback", which began with an elementary random
|
|
fluctuation: the big bang.
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
If you have comments or other information relating to such topics
|
|
as this paper covers, please upload to KeelyNet or send to the
|
|
Vangard Sciences address as listed on the first page.
|
|
Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.
|
|
|
|
Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson
|
|
Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
If we can be of service, you may contact
|
|
Jerry at (214) 324-8741 or Ron at (214) 242-9346
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 5
|
|
|
|
|