265 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
265 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
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(word processor parameters LM=8, RM=75, TM=2, BM=2)
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Taken from KeelyNet BBS (214) 324-3501
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Sponsored by Vangard Sciences
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PO BOX 1031
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Mesquite, TX 75150
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There are ABSOLUTELY NO RESTRICTIONS
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on duplicating, publishing or distributing the
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files on KeelyNet except where noted!
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January 3, 1994
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OFFGRID.ASC
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Since most of us here at KeelyNet are intensely interested in
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becoming totally power independent, I felt the following information
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might be of use in understanding just what are the electrical
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requirements to run your house.
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It is one thing to dream of the day when we will finally be able to
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build or buy a system to run our vehicles or power our homes. It is
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another to get down to "brass tacks". A one time purchase or lease
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that could be easily maintained and supported for years of reliable
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operation is the goal. This information will show you some of the
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realities.
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The following text and specifications are taken from the W. W.
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Grainger and McMaster Carr catalogs.
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Typical Electric Tool and Appliance Wattages
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Equipment Running Watts Maximum VA
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Light bulb (100W) 100 100
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Radio 150 150
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Fan 200 600
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Television 400 400
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Refrigerator (conventional) 400 1200
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Furnace fan - 1.3HP w/blower 600 1800
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Vacuum cleaner 600 1800
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Sump pump - 1.3HP 700 2100
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Refrigerator/freezer combination 800 2400
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6" Circular Saw 800 2400
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Floodlight 1000 1000
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1/2" Drill 1000 3000
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Toaster/Coffeemaker 1200 1200
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Skillet 1200 1200
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14" Chainsaw 1200 3600
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Water well pump - 1/2HP 1400 4200
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Hot plate range (per burner) 1500 1500
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10" Circular Saw 2000 6000
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Water heater (storage type) 5000 5000
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Electric oven 10000 10000
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An electrical generator must be properly sized for the load it will
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be called upon to handle. Electric motors are particularly
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difficult for a generator because starting an electric motor
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requires 2 to 3 times its nameplate rating or wattage.
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Page 1
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While electricity supplied by an electric power company has
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essentially infinite SURGE capacity (limited only by the circuit
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protection provided), a generator is limited by the engine
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horsepower and intertia of the rotating parts. Thus, a current
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surge of short duration can be supplied by a generator, but with a
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current demand of longer duration such as a heavily loaded motor
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starting a high inertia system, can overload a generator possibly
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damaging both the generator and motor. A 3450 RPM air compressor
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motor is a prime example of this type of load.
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For this reason, when determining the power your generator is to
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provide, it is important to calculate electric motor requirements at
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3 times the running watts to compensate for the surge needed to
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start the motor. With this in mind, the following guidelines can be
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helpful in selecting the right size generator for your application.
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1. Total the wattages of all small appliances, tools and light
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bulbs to be operated at the same time. Most appliances have
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labels showing wattage (if volts and amps are given, volts X
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amps = wattage). For example, you may wish to operate the
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following equipment.
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Electric heater 1000 Watts
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Eight 100 Watt light bulbs 800 Watts
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Total 1800 Watts
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2. Next determine volt-amperes (wattage) requirements of electric
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motors to be operated (e.g. furnace blower motor), remembering
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that the starting requires 2 to 3 times the nameplate or
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running (rated) watts. Thus, if running watts of the motor is
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600, multiply the number by 3 to determine the maximum VA
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needed.
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Running = 600 Watts
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Starting = 600 X 3 = 1800 Max. VA
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The starting (max.) VA can also be determined by referring to
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the motor code listing which indicates starting KVA per
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horsepower.
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3. Total watts and VA in Steps 1 and 2 to get the total
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requirements:
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Running Starting
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Step 1 1800 W 1800 VA
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Step 2 +600 W +1800 VA
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2400 W 3600 VA
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+25% +600 +900
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3000 W 4500 VA
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4. To allow for anticipated future needs or use of extra
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equipment, add 25% to the total load as in Step 3.
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5. See performance data charts at the bottom of each generator
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listing for the unit that meets your total load criteria. For
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example, a generator that provides at least 4500 max. VA (No.
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4W108) produces 4600 VA and 4000 watts which meets the load
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required by the example above. A 3000 watt generator should
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not have enough max. VA to start the electric motor load.
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Page 2
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NOTE: If more than one motor is to be started, start ONE MOTOR
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at a time and always start the LARGEST FIRST. If trying
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to take the entire load of the generator from a single
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receptacle, be sure ampere rating of receptacle is not
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being exceeded.
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NOTE: Make sure that extension cords used with generators are
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properly sized for load and cord length. Otherwise,
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excessive voltage drops and generator loading may result
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and CAUSE excessive heating of portable power tools.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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Motor Code Listing
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Code KVA/HP | Code KVA/HP | Code KVA/HP
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A 0-3.15 | H 6.3-7.1 | R 14.0-16.0
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B 3.15-3.55 | J 7.1-8.0 | S 16.0-18.0
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C 3.55-4.0 | K 8.0-9.0 | T 18.0-20.0
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D 4.0-4.5 | L 9.0-10.0 | U 20.0-22.4
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E 4.5-5.0 | M 10.0-11.2 | V 22.4 & UP
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F 5.0-5.6 | N 11.2-12.5 |
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G 5.6-6.3 | P 12.5-14.0 |
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Recommended Extension Cords for use with
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Generators and Portable Electric Tools
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It is important to use extension cords of adequate current carrying
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capacity when utilizing a generator to operate portable electric
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tools. Undersized cords result in excessive voltage drops and
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additional power plant loading. This also causes excessive heating
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of the portable tool because voltage drop reduces tool capacity.
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Ampere Rating Wire Gauge @ Cord Length
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50 foot 100 foot 150 foot
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2 18 18 18
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3 18 18 18
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4 16 16 16
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5 16 16 16
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6 16 16 14
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8 16 14 12
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10 16 14 12
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12 14 14 12
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14 14 12 10
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16 12 12 10
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In any power generation system, you have several options. You can
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generate power AS YOU USE IT, you can store the power in a battery
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network and convert it with the use of inverters (DC to AC) to run
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your appliances.
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We all would like to see some kind of virtual flux/ZPE tap, however,
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until such technologies are a reality, we have other options. The
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energy used is still the same, regardless of how it is generated.
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Personally, I think the first systems must be hybrids, using a
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combination of several technologies. So, as an experimenters
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startup pack, I suggest you download the file GARRETT1.ZIP which
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contains the patent and .GIFs for the Garrett Electrolytic
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Carburetor as used to run a 4 cylinder automobile engine in the 30's
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here in Dallas.
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Page 3
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The basic principle is to convert water to hydrogen and oxygen, mix
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it with air and explode these intermixed gases to drive an off the
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shelf engine.
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The idea is to provide the motive force to turn a generator, that
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charges the batteries, then an inverter converts the DC to AC as it
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is necessary to run the house. And we can use the battery
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reconditioning technology that applies a 3.3Mhz frequency to the
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electrodes (3.3Mhz is the sulphur NMR frequency) to cause the
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sulphates to redissolve into the battery acid.
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Anyway, hope you get the point and will share your experimental
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results with all of us here at KeelyNet!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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If you have comments or other information relating to such topics
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as this paper covers, please upload to KeelyNet or send to the
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Vangard Sciences address as listed on the first page.
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Thank you for your consideration, interest and support.
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Jerry W. Decker.........Ron Barker...........Chuck Henderson
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Vangard Sciences/KeelyNet
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If we can be of service, you may contact
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Jerry at (214) 324-8741 or Ron at (214) 242-9346
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Page 4
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