213 lines
8.9 KiB
Plaintext
213 lines
8.9 KiB
Plaintext
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| File Name : MAGFORCE.ASC | Online Date : 06/21/95 |
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| Contributed by : John Peters | Dir Category : ENERGY |
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| From : KeelyNet BBS | DataLine : (214) 324-3501 |
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| A FREE Alternative Sciences BBS sponsored by Vanguard Sciences |
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| KeelyNet * PO BOX 870716 * Mesquite, Texas * USA * 75187 |
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| Voice/FAX : (214) 324-8741 InterNet - keelynet@ix.netcom.com |
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| WWW Mirror - http://www.eskimo.com/~billb |
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The following file correlates with claims that Tesla designed and tested a
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levitating sphere. One hemisphere became hot, the other cold while
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levitating. Keely also levitated an iron sphere using acoustic energy to
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induce this 'non-rotating angular momentum', so you can see how important this
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file is...........................thank you John for sharing it with KeelyNet!
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This file was a message on the FIDONET UFO Conference; material is certainly
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of interest to users of this conference -- John W. Peters.
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* Forwarded from "INFO.PARANET"
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* Originally by Larry Adams
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* Originally to All
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* Originally dated 14 Jun 1995, 14:02
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From: ladams@sensemedia.net (Larry Adams)
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Date: 14 Jun 95 07:10:14 GMT
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Organization: The SenseMedia Network, http://sensemedia.net/, in
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o@sensemedia.net
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Message-ID: <3rm20m$8hm@Sequoia.picosof.com>
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Newsgroups: alt.paranet.ufo
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The electric Biefeld-Brown effect has a magnetic counterpart.
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by Larry Adams REVISED 13 JUN 1995
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The following explains how magnetic resonance might propel an iron sphere in
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the vertical z direction. No interaction with the earth's magnetic field is
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involved; a force is developed internally that opposes the force of gravity.
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Magnetic resonance in its various forms, NMR, EPR, and EFR, are all applied to
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relatively small specimens and, with the exception of EFR, are rarely applied
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to magnetic materials. EFR means Electron Ferromagnetic Resonance, and the
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best intro to this subject is by Vonsovskii.
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Curiously, there is no published data on EFR for large ferromagnetic
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specimens. A literature search at a campus of the University of California
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revealed nothing. F. Herlach has said that there is an 'open' literature and a
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'closed' literature concerning magnetic research.
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The basic assumption made here is that the principles are the same for
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specimens small and large, but that there may be nonlinearities associated
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with larger ferromagnetic bodies.
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Magnetic resonance is similar, yet different, from mechanical gyroscopy. There
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is a precession of the vectors of angular momentum and magnetic moment.
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The negative change in the potential energy between the moment and the field
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divided by the coordinate change along the direction of the field equals a
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unidirectional force along the direction of the field.
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The moment U precesses at an angle about the vertical. Changes in this angle
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are due to pulsations of B.
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This force does not exist in ordinary magnetism, because the precession
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initially developed by the application of B quickly damps out.
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Microwave radiation at the precession frequency must be administered at right
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angles to the field direction of B to sustain the precession. The center of
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the magnetic moment corresponds to the center of mass.
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Note that changes in P.E. are more significant than P.E. alone. The following
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is a non-calculus derivation of the force. The change in a quantity is
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preceeded with a "d" meaning delta.
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We have a solid iron sphere resting on the earth, with a magnetizing coil
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wrapped around it. (A cylinder would work but it produces demagnetizing fields
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that must be reckoned with in the calculation of the resonance frequency).
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The xz coordinate system originates at the center of mass. The magnetizing
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field, B, parallels the vertical diameter, in the +z direction. The resonance
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frequency is applied perpendicular to B, along the x direction.
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Before powering the magnetizing coil, the magnetic moment U of the sphere is
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not aligned with the vertical diameter. When the coil is energized, U begins a
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damped precession about the vertical.
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If the alternating field along the x-direction is not applied, the precession
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of U will damp out completely. The alternating field at the precession
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(resonance) frequency maintains a uniform precession of U. Actually, the angle
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U makes with the vertical, varies with the pulsing of B. B varies in and out
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of resonance.
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The precession vector Wp has the same direction as B; it lies along the
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vertical diameter, in the +z direction.
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The expression for magnetic potential energy is:
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E(B,U) = -BU cos Theta
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where Theta is the angle between B and U.
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The above is true statically and dynamically.
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U has some initial angle from the vertical. Resonance reduces this angle to
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some final angle. Let P be the initial angle and Q be the final angle.
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The change in P.E. using P and Q is:
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dE = (-BU cosP) - (-BU cosQ)
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= BU(cosQ - cosP)
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z = rcos Theta
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where r lies along U and is equal to the radius of the sphere.
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z < = rcos(zero).
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dz = rcosP - rcosQ
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= r(cosP - cosQ)
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Fz = -dE/dz = (-1) BU(cosQ - cosP)/r(cosP - cosQ)
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= BU(cosP - cosQ)/r(cosP - cosQ)
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= BU/r
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Fz is the force along +z, in the same direction as B. In ordinary magnetism,
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the force is perpendicular to B. At first glance, BU/r appears to be a static
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quantity.
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No; it was the result of assuming at least some minimal change in the angle
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that U makes with the vertical. B varies slightly in and out of resonance,
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just enough to vary the angle, and the change in the cosines cancel out,
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leaving BU/r.
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The magnitude of the precession (in angular units) is:
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Wp = yB where y = |e/m| in mks units
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For a field of 1 Tesla, Wp/2pi = 28Ghz
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A modern EFR spectrometer uses a superconducting magnet and can easily reach
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this field strength. Superconducting magnets can magnetize ferromagnetic
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material when the material is used as shimming to fine-tune the field.
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U = MV
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where M is the room temp. magnetz. of iron, 1.7x10 [37;44;1m A/m [40;1mand V
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is the volume of the sphere.
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[ the preceding sentence is just as it was presented in the file, though I
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think it is incorrect and should read thus;
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where M is the room temperature,
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magnetization of iron is 1.7x10 A/m (is this Amperes/meter?)
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and V is the volume of the sphere. ]
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The expression BU/r has a counterpart in the lower hemisphere of the sphere.
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It is necessary to understand that U is related to the angular momentum of the
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sphere, J. U and J are anti-parallel as vectors. U precesses about +z and J,
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about -z.
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A process identical to that which obtained Fz above, reduces to the following
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for the lower hemisphere:
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Fz = WpJ/r
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The force is in the same direction as BU/r. The total force in the +z
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direction is either: BU/r or WpJ/r.
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As the angle between U and the vertical varies, the angle between J and the
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vertical varies, *identically*. Since BU/r = WpJ/r it is clear that without
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the precession of U (and J) there can be no force.
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The calculation of J is straight-forward:
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J = U/y
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For a sphere 1 m [36;1m in volume, a quick analyis shows that the magnitude of
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J is approx. 1 x 10^-5 kg-m [35;1m/s. But does angular momentum always involve
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rotation of a physical body?
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[ again, a probable transcription due to it being a word processing graphics
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code, here is the most likely 'translation'
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For a sphere 1 m in volume, a quick analyis shows that the magnitude of J
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is approx. 1 x 10^-5 kg-m/s. But does angular momentum always involve
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rotation of a physical body? ]
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Not according to the experimental findings of Noble and Trouton or those of R.
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Tomaschek. They "showed that an angular momentum DOES NOT NECESSARILY lead to
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a rotation of the body involved."
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The experiments involved freely suspended electrically charged capacitors,
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which were determined to possess angular momentum YET DID NOT ROTATE.
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Sources
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Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, P. Schilpp, editor, 3rd ed.,
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1988, pp522-523.
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Vonsovskii, S, Ferromagnetic Resonance, 1966.
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Feynman, R, Feynman Lectures on Physics, v2, 1964
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Chikazumi, S, Physics of Magnetism, 1964
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Soohoo, R, Microwave Magnetics, 1988
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Herlach, F, Strong and Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields, 1985
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Larry Adams
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