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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/ /
/ Appleworks documentation /
/ /
/ by the 17th sector of the Elmhurst Copy Club /
/ Augest 1984 /
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Note: I will symbolize the open-Apple key with the "@". @-a = open-Apple a.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Required equipment:
Apple //e or //c
Appleworks boot disk and system disk
One Prodos formatted data disk (the program will format it for you)
** Note **
in the lower right-hand corner, an approximate memory available
indicator will appear. If you have a //e with ext. 80-col. Card or a
//c, the number will be 55k. An un-expanded //e will show 10k.
To begin, insert the Appleworks startup disk and press ctrl-@-reset to
boot up. (or if the Apple is off, turn it on.)
The disk will load PRODOS and ask you to switch disks. Do so and press
return.
Next you will enter the date. (if you have a clock card in slot2 or 4,
all you have to do is check the year.) press return when all is well.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
You should now be presented with the main menu. It says the follwing:
1. Add files to the desktop
2. Work with one of the files on the desktop
3. Save desktop files to disk
4. Remove files from the desktop
5. Other activities
6. Quit
The desktop is the area of memory where your files are kept. (like
having a mess of papers in folders on your desk.)
Knowing what they consider a desktop, all of the above are
self-explanatory.
Instead of going into each menu option in depth (like I did for
"Locksmith 5.0 documentation"), I will go in to each function of the
progrm in depth (data base, word processor, spreadsheet).
** NOTE ** When main menu appears use #5, other activities to
configure (type of printer,data drive) and to format a data disk. (see
part V for printer info.)
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part I : Data base understanding & operation
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
A data base is simply a program that keeps track of groups of data,
called records. Each record is a group of entries in different
catagores, one entry from each catagory.
Appleworks limits:
Max. # of records 1350
Max. # of records, average 64k ram:140 128k ram:750
Max. # catagories 30
Max. length/record 1024 characters (1k)
Max. length/entry 76 characters
Max. length/catagory name 20 characters
Suppose you want to make a data base to keep track of information on
your home appliances. You will need catagories such as "item"
(blender), "serial number" (#JWM233949272), "model" (super-blend),
"make" (GE), date of purchase" (1/2/82). Each item in parenthesis is
an entry in each catagory. You boot up Appleworks, select #1 on the
main menu, select 4 on the sub-menu (data base file), and select 1 on
the sub-sub-menu (from scratch). You then enter the name of the file
("appliances"). You enter the catagory names, one at a time, press
return after each. It will the tell you to start adding records. Enter
the sample entries above. When you are done you should see a second
blank record. Press @-z (open-appl z). You are now in multiple-record
layout. (before you were in single record layout.) if you had many
records, you would see them all "at-a-glance".
That's basically a data base. Here are some helpful features Apple
threw in:
@-a Arrange the catagory the cursor's on alphabetically or
numerically. (use the tab key to move cursor right,
@tab for left).
@-c Make a photocopy of certain records onto the clipboard
(see Part IV : Cut and paste) or make a copy of the
clipbard onto file
@-d Delete a record
@-e Toggle between edit cursor and insert cursor
@-f Find a record
@-h Screen dump
@-i Insert a record
@-m Move a record onto/off of clipboard
@-n Change catagory name or file name
@-q Goto another desktop file
@-r Change record selection rules
@-s Save current file
@-v Set a default value for a catagory
@-y Clear to end of entry
@-z Toggle single-record/mulitple-record layout
@-1..@-9 Move through multiple-record layout
@-1 = beginning @-2..@-8 = middle @-9 = end
@-? Help
@-up arrow Move up one screen
@-dn arrow Move down one screen
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part II : Word Processor
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Most of you know what a word processor is. When connected to a
printer, it's a computerized typewriter. Like you see on TV, it allows
deletion & insertion of text, correction of spelling errors, and then
prints a nice, neat paper with no signs of correction or "white-out."
this file was creatd with Appleworks' word processor. (even word
processors can't fix my typos so if you find some, please correct!)
Now that we know what to do with a word processor we can find out how
Apple intends for us to command it.
Restrictions:
# of characters: 64k-10,000 128k- 56,000
** Note **
You don't have to hit return after each line. When printed out, the
program will supply returns. Note the phrase "when printed." In your
file, the text looks like one long line. Excessive line length can and
will cause other word processors grief if you try and use Apple Writer
//e or Apple Works files in them. So decide early on if it is worth
the candle.
All you have to do is type. For lower case, release "caps lock".
Other keys of interest:
@-c Copy text to/from clipboard
@-d Delete text
@-e Toggle cursors
@-f Find text
@-h Screen dump
@-k Determine where page breaks will be when printed
@-m Move text to/from clipboard
@-n Rename file
@-o Display printer options
@-p Print document
@-q Goto another file on desktop
@-r Replace text with other text
@-s Save file to disk
@-t Set tabs (tab key)
@-y Clear to end of line
@-z Display returns and printer settings
@-1...@-9 Move through text (same as data base)
@-? Help
@-left arrow Move 1 word left
@-rt arrow Move 1 word right
@-up arrow Move up 1 page
@-dn arrow Move down 1 page
@-space Sticky space (prevent 2 words form being separate by wrap-
around)
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part III : Spreadsheet
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
HMMMM...a spreadsheet...let me see....A spreadsheet is like a big
piece of paper. The computer controls where you are by referencing
your position as a numbered cell. (examples-A1,C4,AD27) the letter is
the column, the number is the row. Cell A1 is in column A and row 1.
You can put letter,numbers,or formulas in a cell. By lining up numbers
and words, you can crete very meaningful information.
Restrictions:
Filled cells: 64k-1000 128k-6000 Rows- 999 Columns- A through Z, AA
through AZ, BA through BZ, CA through CZ, D through DW. Total # of
cells available for use:126,873 (999 rows times 127 columns)
To enter a label into a cell (letters explaining another cell), type a
letter or a quote (") to signify a label. Then type the rest of the
label.
To enter a value, type a number, or, to copy another cell, a plus sign
then the cell name (+B7 will copy the value in B7).
To enter a formula, type a plus sign followed by the formula.
Example: +B7-B6-B5+A2 will subtract the value in B6 from that in B7
,subtract the value in B5 from that, and add the value in a2 to that
total.
To enter a built in function, type an at-sign (@) [not open-Apple],
the name of the function, and the proper argument.
Here's a list of functions and arguments. Example- @abs(value) means
use the "value" argument below.
arguments:
value A number or an expression that equals a number (i.e. +B7-B6)
range A list of adjacent cells (A10...A13) means cells A10-A13,
inclusive.
List List of values (14,A22,B17-B16,D12...F12)
Functions:
@ABS(value) Absolute value of argument
@AVG(list) Average value in list
@INT(value) Integer value of argument
@MAX(list) Largest value in list
@MIN(list) Smallest value in list
@SQRt(value) Square root
@SUM(list) Sum of all values in list
@CHOOSE(value,list) Like BASIC "on x goto zzzz,zzzz,..."
@COUNT(list) # of numeric entries in list
@ERROR prints "error"
@LOOKUP(value,range) Looks for largest entry less than/equal to value
@NA Display "na" (for not available)
@NPV(rate,range) Display net present value based on interest
rate and payments in range
@IF(val,val1,val2) If value is true, then value1 is returned.
If value is false, value2 is returned.
Example: @IF(A14<A15,D3,Z14) @IF(S23>=2,W2,E3)
keys of interest:
@-a Sort rows
@-b Clear a cell
@-c Copy entries to/from clipboard
@-d Delete a column or row
@-e Toggle cursors
@-f Find an entry
@-h Screen dump
@-i Insert a column or row
@-j Jump to other window
@-k Calculate all cell values
@-l Change layout
@-m Move rows or columns to/from clipboard
@-n Rename file
@-p Print rows or columns
@-q Goto another file on desktop
@-s Save file to disk
@-u Edit a cell
@-v Set standard values for certain parameters
@-w Create windows
@-y Clear to end of cell
@-z Toggle normal/formula displays
@-1..@-9 Move through worksheet (same as data base)
@-? Help
@-arrows Move one screen in direction of arrow
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part IV : Cut and Paste
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Q: What is the differnece between @-m (move to clipboard) and @c (copy
to clipboard)??
A: @-m will remove the information from where you got it and @- leaves
the info. Where you got it and puts a copy where you're copying to.
Cut and Paste is a fancy term for moving text/records from one part of
a file to a part of another file or a different part of the same
file. This is done using the "clipboard" to hold the text while you
select where to "paste" it.
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Part V : About some printers.....
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
If you have an Apple DMP and no other printers: You can do nothing.
Dmp is the default printer.
If you have one of the following printers, you can select it when you
configure:
Apple daisywheel (dwp) Apple silentype Apple imagewriter Epson mx
series or mx graftrax+ Epson rx Epson fx Qume sprint 5 or 11
If you have a dmp and a printer above: Select which one will be the
main printer and select it. Put th other down as a secondary printer.
If you don't see your printer: Set up a "custom printer".
for a custom printer,you need to know:
Does it need line feed after each return? Will it accept a
top-of-form command? Should the program pause after each page? How
wide is the paper (in inches)?
The program will tell you how to enter the above.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Good luck with the program.....
the 17th sector of E.C.C.
* Apple and "Appleworks" are trademarks of Apple computer,inc. The
commands and functions are copyrighted by Apple computer,in.
Epson, Graftrax, and Qume are trademarks of the respective companies.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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