211 lines
9.5 KiB
Plaintext
211 lines
9.5 KiB
Plaintext
THE CHEMIST'S CORNER ARTICLE #1: EXPLOSIVES
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BY ZAPHOD BEEBLEBROX/MPG
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THIS ARTICLE DEALS WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR CREATING SOME DANGEROUS
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EXPLOSIVES. IF YOU INTEND TO MAKE ANY OF THESE EXPLOSIVES, DO SO IN
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SMALL AMOUNTS ONLY, AS THEY ARE ALL DANGEROUS AND COULD SERIOUSLY INJURE
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OR KILL YOU IF DONE IN LARGER AMOUNTS. IF YOU DON'T KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT
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CHEMISTRY, DON'T DO THESE EXPERIMENTS! I AM NOT JOKING IN GIVING THIS
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WARNING. UNLESS YOU HAVE A DEATH WISH, YOU SHOULDN'T TRY ANY OF THE
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FOLLOWING UNLESS YOU HAVE HAD PRIOR EXPERIENCE WITH CHEMICALS. I AM NOT
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RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY INJURY OR DAMAGE CAUSED BY PEOPLE USING THIS
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INFORMATION. IT IS PROVIDED FOR USE BY PEOPLE KNOWLEDGABLE IN CHEMISTRY
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WHO ARE INTERESTED IN SUCH EXPERIMENTS AND CAN SAFELY HANDLE SUCH
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EXPERIMENTS.
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===============================================================================
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I. COMMON "WEAK" EXPLOSIVES.
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A. GUNPOWDER: 75% POTASSIUM NITRATE 15% CHARCOAL 10% SULFUR
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THE CHEMICALS SHOULD BE GROUND INTO A FINE POWDER (SEPERATELY!)
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WITH A MORTER & PESTLE. IF GUNPOWDER IS IGNITED IN THE OPEN, IT BURNS
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FIERCELY, BUT IF IN A CLOSED SPACE IT BUILDS UP PRESSURE FROM THE
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RELEASED GASES AND CAN EXPLODE THE CONTAINER. GUNPOWDER WORKS LIKE THIS:
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THE POTASSIUM NITRATE OXIDIZES THE CHARCOAL AND SULFUR, WHICH THEN BURN
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FIERCELY. CARBON DIOXIDE AND SULFUR DIOXIDE ARE THE GASES RELEASED.
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B. AMMONAL:
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AMMONAL IS A MIXTURE OF AMMONIUM NITRATE (A STRONG OXIDIZER)
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WITH ALUMINUM POWDER (THE 'FUEL' IN THIS CASE). I AM NOT SURE OF THE %
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COMPOSITION FOR AMMONAL, SO YOU MAY WANT TO EXPERIMENT A LITTLE USING
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SMALL AMOUNTS.
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C. CHEMICALLY IGNITED EXPLOSIVES:
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1. A MIXTURE OF 1 PART POTASSIUM CHLORATE TO 3 PARTS TABLE SUGAR
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(SUCROSE) BURNS FIERCELY AND BRIGHTLY (SIMILAR TO THE BURNING OF
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MAGNESIUM) WHEN 1 DROP OF CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID IS PLACED ON IT.
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WHAT OCCURS IS THIS: WHEN THE ACID IS ADDED IT REACTS WITH THE POTASSIUM
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CHLORATE TO FORM CHLORINE DIOXIDE, WHICH EXPLODES ON FORMATION, BURNING
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THE SUGAR AS WELL.
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2. USING VARIOUS CHEMICALS, I HAVE DEVELOPED A MIXTURE THAT WORKS
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VERY WELL FOR IMITATING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS. I HAVE GIVEN IT THE NAME
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'MPG VOLCANITE' (TM). HERE IT IS: POTASSIUM CHLORATE + POTASSIUM
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PERCHLORATE + AMMONIUM NITRATE + AMMONIUM DICHROMATE + POTASSIUM NITRATE
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+ SUGAR + SULFUR + IRON FILINGS + CHARCOAL + ZINC DUST + SOME COLORING
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AGENT. (SCARLET= STRONTIUM NITRATE, PURPLE= IODINE CRYSTALS, YELLOW=
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SODIUM CHLORIDE, CRIMSON= CALCIUM CHLORIDE, ETC...).
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3. SO, DO YOU THINK WATER PUTS OUT FIRES? IN THIS ONE, IT STARTS IT.
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MIXTURE: AMMONIUM NITRATE + AMMONIUM CHLORIDE + IODINE + ZINC DUST. WHEN
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A DROP OR TWO OF WATER IS ADDED, THE AMMONIUM NITRATE FORMS NITRIC ACID
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WHICH REACTS WITH THE ZINC TO PRODUCE HYDROGEN AND HEAT. THE HEAT
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VAPORIZES THE IODINE (GIVING OFF PURPLE SMOKE) AND THE AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
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(BECOMES PURPLE WHEN MIXED WITH IODINE VAPOR). IT ALSO MAY IGNITE THE
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HYDROGEN AND BEGIN BURNING. AMMONIUM NITRATE: 8 GRAMS AMMONIUM CHORIDE:
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1 GRAM ZINC DUST: 8 GRAMS IODINE CRYSTALS: 1 GRAM
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4. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE + GLYCERINE WHEN MIXED PRODUCES A
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PURPLE-COLORED FLAME IN 30 SECS-1 MIN. WORKS BEST IF THE POTASSIUM
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PERMANGANATE IS FINELY GROUND.
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5. CALCIUM CARBIDE + WATER RELEASES ACETYLENE GAS (HIGHLY
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FLAMMABLE GAS USED IN BLOW TORCHES...)
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II. THERMITE REACTION.
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THE THERMITE REACTION IS USED IN WELDING, BECAUSE IT GENERATES
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MOLTEN IRON AND TEMPERATURES OF 3500 C (6000F+). IT USES ONE OF THE
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PREVIOUS REACTIONS THAT I TALKED ABOUT TO START IT!
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STARTER=POTASSIUM CHLORATE + SUGAR MAIN PT.= IRON (III) OXIDE +
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ALUMINUM POWDER (325 MESH OR FINER)
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PUT THE POTASSIUM CHLORARE + SUGAR AROUND AND ON TOP OF THE MAIN PT.
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TO START THE REACTION, PLACE ONE DROP OF CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID ON
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TOP OF THE STARTER MIXTURE. STEP BACK! THE RATIOS ARE: 3 PARTS IRON(III)
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OXIDE TO 1 PART ALUMINUM POWDER TO 1 PART POTASSIUM CHLORATE TO 1 PART
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SUGAR. WHEN YOU FIRST DO IT, TRY 3G:1G:1G:1G! ALSO, THERE IS AN
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ALTERNATIVE STARTER FOR THE THERMITE REACTION. THE ALTERNATIVE IS
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POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE + GLYCERINE. AMOUNTS: 55G IRON(III) OXIDE, 15G
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ALUMINUM POWDER, 25G POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE, 6ML GLYCERINE.
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III. NITROGEN-CONTAINING HIGH EXPLOSIVES.
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A. MERCURY(II) FULMINATE TO PRODUCE MERCURY(II) FULMINATE, A VERY
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SENSITIVE SHOCK EXPLOSIVE, ONE MIGHT ASSUME THAT IT COULD BE FORMED BY
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ADDING FULMINIC ACID TO MERCURY. THIS IS SOMEWHAT DIFFICULT SINCE
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FULMINIC ACID IS VERY UNSTABLE AND CANNOT BE PURCHASED. I DID SOME
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RESEARCH AND FIGURED OUT A WAY TO MAKE IT WITHOUT FULMINIC ACID. YOU ADD
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2 PARTS NITRIC ACID TO 2 PARTS ALCOHOL TO 1 PART MERCURY. THIS IS
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THEORETICAL (I HAVE NOT YET TRIED IT) SO PLEASE, IF YOU TRY THIS, DO IT
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IN VERY* SMALL AMOUNTS AND TELL ME THE RESULTS.
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B. NITROGEN TRIIODIDE NITROGEN TRIIODIDE IS A VERY POWERFUL AND VERY
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SHOCK SENSITIVE EXPLOSIVE. NEVER STORE IT AND BE CARFUL WHEN YOU'RE
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AROUND IT- SOUND, AIR MOVEMENTS, AND OTHER TINY THINGS COULD SET IT OFF.
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MATERIALS- 2-3G IODINE 15ML CONC. AMMONIA 8 SHEETS FILTER PAPER 50ML
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BEAKER FEATHER MOUNTED ON A TWO METER POLE EAR PLUGS TAPE SPATULA
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STIRRING ROD
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ADD 2-3G IODINE TO 15ML AMMONIA IN THE 50ML BEAKER. STIR, LET STAND
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FOR 5 MINUTES. DO THE FOLLOWING WITHIN 5 MINUTES! RETAIN THE SOLID,
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DECANT THE LIQUID (POUR OFF THE LIQUID BUT KEEP THE BROWN SOLID...).
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SCAPE THE BROWN RESIDUE OF NITROGEN TRIIODIDE ONTO A STACK OF FOUR
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SHEETS OF FILTER PAPER. DIVIDE SOLID INTO FOUR PARTS, PUTTING EACH ON A
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SEPERATE SHEET OF DRY FILTER PAPER. TAPE IN POSITION, LEAVE TO DRY
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UNDISTURBED FOR AT LEAST 30 MINUTES (PREFERRABLY LONGER). TO DETONATE,
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TOUCH WITH FEATHER. (WEAR EAR PLUGS WHEN DETONATING OR COVER EARS- IT IS
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VERY LOUD!)
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C. CELLULOSE NITRATE (GUNCOTTON)
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COMMONLY KNOWN AS SMOKELESS POWDER, NITROCELLULOSE IS EXACTLY THAT-
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IT DOES NOT GIVE OFF SMOKE WHEN IT BURNS.
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MATERIALS- 70ML CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID 30ML CONCENTRATED NITRIC
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ACID 5G ABSORBENT COTTON 250ML 1M SODIUM BICARBONATE 250ML BEAKER ICE
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BATH TONGS PAPER TOWELS
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PLACE 250ML BEAKER IN THE ICE BATH, ADD 70ML SULFURIC ACID, 30 ML
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NITRIC ACID. DIVIDE COTTON INTO .7G PIECES. WITH TONGS, IMMERSE EACH
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PIECE IN THE ACID SOLUTION FOR 1 MINUTE. NEXT, RINSE EACH PIECE IN 3
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SUCCESSIVE BATHS OF 500ML WATER. USE FRESH WATER FOR EACH PIECE. THEN
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IMMERSE IN 250ML 1M SODIUM BICARBONATE. IF IT BUBBLES, RINSE IN WATER
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ONCE MORE UNTIL NO BUBBLING OCCURS. SQUEEZE DRY AND SPREAD ON PAPER
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TOWELS TO DRY OVERNIGHT.
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D. NITROGLYCERINE
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NITROGLYCERINE IS A *VERY* DANGEROUS SHOCK SENSITIVE EXPLOSIVE. IT IS
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USED IN MAKING DYNAMITE, AMONG OTHER THINGS. I AM NOT SURE AS TO THE
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PROPORTIONS AND AMOUNTS OF CHEMICALS TO BE USED, SO I SHALL USE
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ESTIMATES.
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MATERIALS- 70ML CONC. SULFURIC ACID 30ML CONC. NITRIC ACID 10 ML
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GLYCERINE ICE BATH 150ML BEAKER
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PUT THE 150ML BEAKER IN THE ICE BATH AND MAKE SURE THAT IT IS VERY
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COLD. SLOWLY ADD THE 70ML SULFURIC AND 30ML NITRIC ACIDS TO THE BEAKER,
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TRYING TO MAINTAIN A LOW TEMPERATURE. WHEN THE TEMPERATURE STARTS TO
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LEVEL OFF, ADD ABOUT 10ML GLYCERINE. IF IT TURNS BROWN OR LOOKS FUNNY,
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**RUN LIKE HELL**. WHEN NITROGLYCERINE TURNS BROWN, THAT MEANS IT'S
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READY TO EXPLODE... IF IT STAYS CLEAR AND ALL WORKS WELL, KEEP THE
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TEMPERATURE AS LOW AS YOU CAN AND LET IT SIT FOR A FEW HOURS. YOU THEN
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SHOULD HAVE SOME NITROGLYCERINE, PROBABLY MIXED WITH NITRIC AND SULFURIC
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ACIDS. WHEN YOU SET IT OFF, YOU MUST NOT BE NEARBY. NITROGLYCERINE CAN
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FILL 10,000 TIMES ITS ORIGINAL AREA WITH EXPANDING GASES. THIS MEANS
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THAT IF YOU HAVE 10ML'S OF NITROGLYCERINE IN THERE, IT WILL PRODUCE SOME
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100,000ML'S OF GASES. TO MAKE IT INTO DYNAMITE, THE NITROGLYCERINE MUST
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BE ABSORBED INTO SOMETHING LIKE WOOD PULP OR DIAMAECEOUS EARTH (SPELLED
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SOMETHING LIKE THAT).
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IV. OTHER STUFF
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A. PEROXYACETONE
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PEROXYACETONE IS EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE AND HAS BEEN REPORTED TO BE
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SHOCK SENSITIVE.
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MATERIALS- 4ML ACETONE 4ML 30% HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 4 DROPS CONC.
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HYDROCHLORIC ACID 150MM TEST TUBE
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ADD 4ML ACETONE AND 4ML HYDROGEN PEROXIDE TO THE TEST TUBE. THEN ADD
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4 DROPS CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID. IN 10-20 MINUTES A WHITE SOLID
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SHOULD BEGIN TO APPEAR. IF NO CHANGE IS OBSERVED, WARM THE TEST TUBE IN
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A WATER BATH AT 40 CELSIUS. ALLOW THE REACTION TO CONTINUE FOR TWO
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HOURS. SWIRL THE SLURRY AND FILTER IT. LEAVE OUT ON FILTER PAPER TO DRY
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FOR AT LEAST TWO HOURS. TO IGNITE, LIGHT A CANDLE TIED TO A METER STICK
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AND LIGHT IT (WHILE STAYING AT LEAST A METER AWAY).
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B. SMOKE SMOKE SMOKE...
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THE FOLLOWING REACTION SHOULD PRODUCE A FAIR AMOUNT OF SMOKE. SINCE
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THIS REACTION IS NOT ALL THAT DANGEROUS YOU CAN USE LARGER AMOUNTS IF
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NECESSARY FOR LARGER AMOUNTS OF SMOKE.
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6G ZINC POWDER 1G SULFUR POWDER
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INSERT A RED HOT WIRE INTO THE PILE, STEP BACK. A LOT OF SMOKE SHOULD
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BE CREATED.
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THERE ARE MANY OTHER EXPERIMENTS I COULD HAVE INCLUDED, BUT I WILL SAVE
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THEM FOR THE NEXT CHEMIST'S CORNER ARTICLE. UPCOMING ARTICLES WILL
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INCLUDE GLOW-IN-THE-DARK REACTIONS, 'PARTY' REACTIONS, THINGS YOU CAN DO
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WITH HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS, AND MORE...
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I WOULD LIKE TO GIVE CREDIT TO A BOOK BY SHAKASHARI ENTITLED "CHEMICAL
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DEMONSTRATIONS" FOR A FEW OF THE PRECISE AMOUNTS OF CHEMICALS IN SOME
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EXPERIMENTS.
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THIS IS IT FOR CHEMIST'S CORNER #1...
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LOOK FOR CHEMIST'S CORNER #2: WHAT TO DO WITH HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS...
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...ZAPHOD BEEBLEBROX/MPG!
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---------------------------------------
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TRICKS OF THE TRADE..APPLE-BOOTLEGGER
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CRACKER JACK
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Downloaded From P-80 International Information Systems 304-744-2253
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