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911 lines
50 KiB
Plaintext
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SUBJECT: THE FALCON LAKE INCIDENT FILE: UFO2464
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THE FALCON LAKE INCIDENT
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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By Chris Rutkowski Copyrite 1980
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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[Note: This reprint was done using standard ascii on July 9, 1993 by
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Robert McGeachy, with permission from the original author.]
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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Acknowledgements
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Special thanks are due to Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Michalak, without whom
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this essay could not have been written.
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I also wish to thank the following individuals for their assistance and
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encouragement: Dr. Norm Davison; Ms. Bonnie Lindstrom; Dr. Berthold E.
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Schwarz; Dr. Sunil K. Sen and Mr. Vladimir Simosko.
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Finally, a word of thanks to my typist, Ms. Charlotte Katz.
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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PAGE
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Abstract ........................................... 1
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Introduction ....................................... 1
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Physical Effects: The Site ........................ 2
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The Radiation ...................................... 5
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The Metal .......................................... 8
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The Physiological Effects .......................... 10
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The Mayo Clinic .................................... 13
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The Investigations ................................. 15
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The Government Covers Up? .......................... 17
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Psychological Effects .............................. 18
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The Hoax? .......................................... 20
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Conclusions ........................................ 23
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Epilogue ........................................... 25
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Footnotes and References ........................... 27
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Newspaper Articles on Michalak: UFOROM Collection .. 30
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A Falcon Lake Bibliography ......................... 31
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Further References ................................. 34
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[Note: Page numbers are included in text only to conform with
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the Table Of Contents.] (Rob M.)
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ABSTRACT
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~~~~~~~~
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On May 20, 1967, Stephen Michalak claimed he was burned by a strange
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craft, just north of the town of Falcon Lake. Much literature has been
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published regarding the incident, and this essay attempts to evaluate the
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findings to date, as well as examine the evidence as it exists.
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INTRODUCTION
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Something happened to Steve Michalak on the Victoria Day long weekend.
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His amateur prospecting was cut short by an encounter with a landed UFO. To
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this day, no definite conclusions have been reached regarding his experience,
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and his story has started to get garbled in publication over the years.
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Was it a hoax? Was it exactly as reported, and true? The final proof is yet
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to be found, but there is an astonishing amount of evidence to show that
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something occurred on a rock outcropping near a swampy area of the forest
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near the resort. Michalak's account has appeared in several books and
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journals in various forms. For accuracy and the best detail, the reader is
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suggested to obtain Michalak's long-out-of-print book.
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But barring that, any one of several UFO books carries the story in
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sufficient quality to understand the case to a good degree, for example,
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Lorenzen (1969, 1976), Condon (1969), Story (1980) or Bondarchuk (1979).
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This writer will not reiterate the case account for that reason, as this is
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a survey of the literature and the research. This article is as accurate as
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possible, the result of the re-opened investigation of the case by UFOROM
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(Ufology Research of Manitoba), involving some new evidence and research
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conducted over the past few years.
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There is still much to be done, and many unanswered questions exist which
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could effectively aid in the determination of truth. It is felt that the
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Michalak case is one of the most significant on record, and may hold the
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key for future research.
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1
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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PHYSICAL EFFECTS: THE SITE
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The Condon Report found cause for concern with Michalak's inability to
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find the site while in the presence of officials.(1) Michalak went on two
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expeditions before finding the site with Mr. G. A. Hart, a personal friend.
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Indeed, Menzel and Taves cite this as a prime reason for labelling the case
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a hoax.(2)
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However, Michalak has stated that the locating of the site presented
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several difficulties. First, when the incident occurred, the trees and bushes
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were devoid of leaves. When returned to the area, Michalak said he was
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disoriented because the leaves were opened. This is a common complaint of
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individuals who hike in wooded areas, and _can_ be regarded as a logical
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reason for experiencing difficulty in finding the site. In addition, Michalak
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said that for the first expedition, he was transported to the area by
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helicopter, and was told to find the site from the anonymous location where
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they landed. The second expedition began from a point suggested to be
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Michalak's exit from the bush following his encounter.
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Again, it was unsuccessful, due to the leaves' thickening and also Michalak's
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unsettled state of mind and body. These explanations by Michalak can be
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accepted as reasonable, and are sufficiently sensible so as to eliminate a
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negative judgement on the case based _solely_ on the inability to locate the
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site with official investigators. Disorientation in the wilderness can
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definitely be a problem in the locating of specific sites.
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There is no question, however, that the site can be easily located when
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found by trailblazing. The usual method of finding the site is to head north
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from the Falcon Lake townsite and follow a creek around large rock out-
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croppings until the bare rockface is seen. The numerous beaver dams and
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claims markers in the area can be used as reference points. Also interesting
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is that the actual site is within direct view of a forest ranger tower.
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Craig reports that the forest ranger on duty at the time of the incident did
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not observe either the landing or flight of the UFO's, or the smoke which
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resulted from the ignition of grass by the landed UFO.(3) While this would
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seem to effectively flaw Michalak's story, one must remember that the indi-
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vidual in the tower would not be looking in the direction of the site
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constantly. However, the object was landed for at least 45 minutes, and if
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it gleamed in the sun or emitted an "intense purple light" as it was said
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to have done, it is puzzling as to why the individual in the tower did not
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see it.
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Another problem that the Condon Report found was the reported direction
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that the object departed. This direction was 255 degrees, and it is
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immediately obvious that such a bearing would have the object fly away from
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most observers. It was noted, however, that the bearing would have the object
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pass within a mile of the local golf course.(4) No objects were seen by the
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golfers, though, again, if the speed of the UFO was great, this is not
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necessarily unusual. Condon also noted that the northward-opening gap in the
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trees was inconsistent with the 255 degree bearing. However, Michalak clearly
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stated that the object rose vertically before departing, so this argument is
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not valid.
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Barrie Thompson, a CAPRO investigator, was one of the first to accompany
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Michalak to the site. He reported that location of the site was not that
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difficult, and that the early expeditions to the site were led astray by
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basic errors.
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Interestingly, both Thompson(5) and Michalak(6) reported a large amount of
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destroyed vegetation around the site. Thompson even described circular
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lesions on many leaves in the area (the leaves, he says, were all taken by
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the government before any civilian analysis could be done).
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4
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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THE RADIATION
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Much was made of the finding of radioactive debris at the site. This fact
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alone suggested to many people that Michalak was suffering from radiation
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poisoning.
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The radiation detected was from soil samples brought back to Winnipeg by
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Michalak and an associate, after they had finally located the site. They had
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placed Michalak's torn shirt and tape measure in plastic bags, and put these
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together with the soil samples in the same knapsack. When the items were
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given to officials for examination, the shirt and tape measure were naturally
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found to be radioactive as well.
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Michalak mentions that Stewart Hunt of the Department of Health and
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Welfare informed him that the soil anaysis "showed radiation".(8) When Hunt
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went to the site and checked for radiation, he found "One small area...
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contaminated...across the crown at the rock. There was a smear of contami-
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nation about 0.5 x 8.0 inches on one side of the crack. There was also some
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lichen and ground vegetation contaminated just beyond the smear. The whole
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contaminated area was no larger that 100 square inches."(9)
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The origin of this radiation is in some doubt. Whatever its cause, it was
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of sufficient quantity for the Radiation Protection Division to consider
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"restricting entry to the forest area."(10) Beyond the areas located by Hunt,
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there was no radiation above the normal background. But the soil analysis
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showed a "significant" level of radium 226, for which there was no explana-
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tion.(11) It was suggested that the radium had come from a luminous watch
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dial, the dial having been scraped onto the site. However, no evidence could
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be found to support this contention.(12)
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Analyses performed by the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment showed
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that the radioactivity in the samples was that of "natural uranium ore". This
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included counts of both alpha and gamma particles. One 190 KeV photopeak was
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originally though to be anomalous, and due to enrichment of uranium 235.
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While this would seem to indicate something other than natural uranium, the
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isotopes were found to actually be present within the expected normal
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ratios.(13)
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To check further on the soil radiation, in June of 1979, a re-analysis was
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carried out with a lithium-drifted germanium detector at the University of
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Manitoba. The results showed that all the energies detected could be
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adequately explained by the decay of natural uranium.(14) Confusion may have
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resulted from the overlooking of the fact that U238 decays eventually into
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radon, a gas. Radon, of course, decays further into other elements, but the
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observed energies indicated a lower abundance than what would be expected.
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The reason for this, though simple, may not have been immediately obvious:
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radon is a gas, and will dissipate. Therefore, abundances of elements later
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in the decay chain will be much less than if the previous elements were
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solids.
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Identification of the 190 KeV peak as "abnormally high" may have been an
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oversight. The theory of radium 226 was related to this peak. Assigning
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elements to each of the peaks is a trying job, and often, two elements will
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give the same peak, often at the same intensity. This process is much like a
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jigsaw puzzle, and is somewhat open to interpretation, as it depends on
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variables such as the resolution, the efficiency and the capability of the
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analyser used.
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However, while the 190 KeV photopeak is not necessarily unusual, there are
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two very strong x-rays which are hard to identify. These appear at about 80
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and 84 KeV. They may be caused by some radionuclide decay in the U238 chain
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(possibly by the emitted alpha particle affecting an electron). This, too,
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depends on abundance and the specific energies involved. Despite this, there
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is little evidence to indicate that the site was "seeded" with radium from
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an old watch dial. The observed radioactivity can be considered as due to
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natural uranium decay.
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This, of course, raises the question of why the Department of Health and
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Welfare would consider closing off the area from such radioactivity. The
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early tests by individuals at the University of Manitoba are trying to be
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located. These would be helpful, since it is possible that at that time (in
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1967), there may have been different peaks detected from elements with short
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half-lives. It will be noted, though, that the Whiteshell results, done in
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1968, showed nothing other than the 1979 run, so this may suggest that the
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early analysis yielded the same results.
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Again, however, there exists disagreement. A CAPRO investigator claims
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that Hunt's check of the site showed a much higher level of radiation than
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was reported.(15) It was suggested that the bulk of the radioactive material
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was in a rock fissure across the site, this being either missed or ignored
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by official investigators. This is most relevant to a review of the metal
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analysis.
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7
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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THE METAL
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The metal is quite curious. A year after his encounter, Michalak returned
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to the landing site with an associate. With a geiger counter, they found two
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"W-shaped" silver bars, four and a half inches in length, and several other
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smaller chunks of the same material. All this was found two inches under some
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lichen in a crack in the rock, over which the UFO was said to hover. Analysis
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showed that the silver was of "high purity", and contained low amounts of
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copper and cadmium. Craig commented that the composition was "similar to that
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found in commercially available sterling silver or sheet silver."(16) Cannon
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contradicted this, saying the silver concentration was "much higher than
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would normally be found in native silver or commercially produced silver such
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as sterling or coinage."(17) The reported percentage of copper, however, at
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1% or 2%, is agreeable with that of commercial silver, though is indeed less
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than many specimens.
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The metal showed signs of heating and bending, and it was speculated that
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it was "molded" into its present shape. Support for the heating theory also
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comes from the fine quartz crystals which were found to be imbedded in the
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outer layer of the silver. The sand was similar to typical foundry sand,
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covering all of one bar and half of the other. But the _very_ odd thing
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about the silver bars was their radioactivity. The bars were also covered
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with small crystals of a uranium silicate mineral and pitchblende, as well as
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feldspar and hematite. These particles are held to the silver by a sticky
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"moist" substance, and could be removed by washing with ethanol and brushing
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with a soft camel hair brush.(18)
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Again, the two theories of Ra226 and U238 contrasted each other. But the
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same arguments apply. Since radium 226 is a by-product of U238 decay, it is
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even possible that both theories are correct, though traceable to U238.
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The problem, however, is not the actual radioactive mechanism on the
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silver, but why it was missed earlier by other individuals. The Department
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of Health and Welfare went to the site on more than one occasion, and checked
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the site thoroughly. Why was the silver not located?
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9
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-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
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THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The most noted elements of the incident are the many severe physiological
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effects Mickalak experienced. When the object took off, Michalak was burned
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by a blast of heat or heated gas which came from a grill-like opening in
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front of him. His shirt and undershirt caught fire, burning his upper chest.
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He tore off these items and stamped them out, not wanting to cause a forest
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fire. Walking back to where the object had been, he felt nauseated, and had
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a strong headache. He broke out in a cold sweat, and began vomiting. Red
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marks began to appear on his chest and abdomen, burning and irritating. He
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logically set out for Falcon Lake in search of medical aid, wearing no shirt
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or jacket.
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He eventually made it back to Winnipeg, where he was examined at the
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Misericordia Hospital. He did not tell the examining physician what had
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happened, only that he had been burned by "exhaust coming out of an
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aeroplane". This was on May 20th.
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On the 22nd, Michalak's family physician examined him, and said that the
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first-degree burns on his abdomen were not very serious. He prescribed 292's
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for the pain and sea-sickness tablets for the nausea. Michalak went to a
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radiologist on the 23rd, who found no evidence of radiation trauma. A
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whole-body count taken a week later at the Whiteshell Nuclear Research
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Establishment also showed no radiation above normal background. The burns on
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Michalak's abdomen were diagnosed as thermal in origin. The curious geometric
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pattern of the burns led some skeptics to speculate that Michalak had fallen
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onto a "hot barbeque grill".(19)
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Over the next few days, Michalak reported that he lost 22 pounds from his
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normal weight of 180. However, his physician could not verify this weight
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loss, since he had not seen him for over a year. Yet, judging from the fact
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that Michalak reported an inability to hold food down, in one week, his
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weight loss could have been considerable.
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Also reported was a drop of his blood lymphocyte count from 25 to 16
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percent, returning to normal after a period of four weeks. These two counts
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were six days apart, but were associated with normal platelet counts on both
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occasions. This contributes to the argument against the theory of radiation
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exposure. A CAPRO investigator claims that the actual drop was from 25 to 6
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percent, although this is not supported by medical evidence.(20)
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There is some evidence to indicate that the red "welts" or burns went
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through periods of fading and recurrence, a most unusual medical situation.
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Because of the suggestion of radiation at the site, it was quickly suggested
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that the welts were radiation burns. This, however, is quite incorrect.
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Radiation was also blamed for the "awful stench" which seemed to "come
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from within" Michalak's body. It was suggested that a quick dose of gamma
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rays may have deteriorated the food he had just eaten, giving him a vile odor
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and causing him to vomit "green bile".(21) Individuals consulted on this,
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however, say that such a burst of gammas would have deteriorated _Michalak_,
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not just his digested food.
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Another physiological effect was the "insect bites" rash which appeared
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on Michalak's upper torso. Craig reported that the rash was "the result of
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insect bites and was not connected with the alleged UFO experience."(22)
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An RCAF Corporal, Davis, reported that he had been bitten by black flies
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when he was with Michalak searching for the site. Medical reports show that
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Michalak had "skin infections", "having hive-like areas with impetiginous
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centers". Later he had "generalized urticaria" (hives) and felt weak, dizzy
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and nauseated on several occasions. Several times, he was examined for
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"numbness" and swelling of the joints.
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A hematologist's report showed that Michalak's blood had "no abnormal
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physical findings", but had "some atypical lymphoid cells in the marrow plus
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a moderate increase in the number of plasma cells." This is in some
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contradiction to several sources (e.g. Naud, 1978) which claim that there
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were "impurities" in Michalak's blood. It is obvious that the reported
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irregularities in his blood would not in themselves be the cause for his
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condition.
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The swelling of his body, however, strongly suggests an allergic reaction
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of some sort. After an apparent reoccurrence of his swelling at work on Sept.
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21, 1967, Michalak reported that doctors diagnosed his affliction as "the
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result of some allergy". The events leading up to this diagnosis had Michalak
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feel "a burning sensation" around his neck and chest. Then, there was a
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"burning" in his throat and his body "turned violet". His hands swelled "like
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a balloon", his vision failed and he lapsed into unconciousness.(23)
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Later, he described how sometimes his wrists swelled so much that they
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filled his shirt cuffs.(24) What sort of allergy did Michalak have?
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12
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|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
THE MAYO CLINIC
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
In August of 1968, Michalak went to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester,
|
||
|
Minnesota. The purpose of his visit was to undergo tests to determine exactly
|
||
|
what was ailing him, as the doctors in Winnipeg appeared to be unhelpful. It
|
||
|
is worthy of note that Michalak paid for the Mayo tests entirely on his own,
|
||
|
as Medicare would not cover such a trip. He went and stayed at a hotel near
|
||
|
the hospital, walking across each day and entering as an outpatient. He
|
||
|
reported that he was given a thorough physical and psychological examination
|
||
|
by various doctors, then sent home.
|
||
|
|
||
|
But, the problems began. Michalak has bills from the Clinic made out to
|
||
|
"Mr. S. Michalak", and also his registration card. He waited for several
|
||
|
weeks, but received no word on his results. The CAPRO investigators appealed
|
||
|
to APRO for help, and a medical consultant sent a letter to the Mayo Clinic,
|
||
|
asking for the medical reports. In reply, he was sent the now-famous "letter
|
||
|
of denial", which bluntly said that Michalak had _never been registered_
|
||
|
there, and that they didn't "know anything about him."(25)
|
||
|
|
||
|
This immediately spurred the shouts of "cover-up!" from individuals who
|
||
|
learned of the letter, and rightly so, as this appeared to be a deliberate
|
||
|
attempt to mislead the investigation. Was this a cover-up, or just a matter
|
||
|
of incompetence? It perhaps was neither.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Medical ethics is a very serious concern, and few realize the "red tape"
|
||
|
which has been set up for both the protection of the doctor and the patient.
|
||
|
There is a very great danger in releasing confidential files to unauthorized
|
||
|
personnel (and this applies, obviously, to other fields as well, including
|
||
|
ufology). Another letter to the Mayo Clinic was sent, this time accompanied
|
||
|
by a release form signed by Michalak.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The reports came immediately. Michalak had been found to be in good health
|
||
|
but with neurodematitis and simple syncope (fainting spells due to sudden
|
||
|
cerebral blood pressure losses).(26) The syncopes were suggested as having
|
||
|
to do with hyperventilation or impaired cardiac output. This is interesting,
|
||
|
as Michalak has indeed had heart problems within the past few years.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The psychiatric report showed that despite the usual generalizations
|
||
|
normally assigned to individuals giving a detailed UFO encounter story,
|
||
|
there was no other evidence of delusions, hallucinations or other emotional
|
||
|
disorders. It seems that there was nothing wrong with Michalak. He had no
|
||
|
ailment _directly_ related to an encounter with a UFO.
|
||
|
|
||
|
14
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
THE INVESTIGATIONS
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Michalak called the Winnipeg Tribune late Saturday afternoon of the
|
||
|
holiday long weekend. It was not surprising that no one would help him then.
|
||
|
But, the next evening (May 21), Heather Chisvin, a Tribune reporter,
|
||
|
interviewed Michalak for the first time. She was the first one to talk to him
|
||
|
about the experience, and her article must be considered as the first account
|
||
|
uninfluenced by later documentation.(27)
|
||
|
|
||
|
The first investigator on the scene, however, was Barrie Thompson, who had
|
||
|
read the account in the newspaper, and immediately contacted Michalak.
|
||
|
Thompson's investigation, on behalf of APRO, began the series of civilian UFO
|
||
|
investigations. Michalak notes that "after hearing my story, he stated his
|
||
|
belief that the craft was not an earthly creation." Michalak praised Thompson
|
||
|
on several occasions, as "he was the first person who took my story
|
||
|
seriously."(28)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Soon, the Michlak household was in turmoil. Calls came in at all hours of
|
||
|
the day or night, people dropped in at any time, and letters poured in.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The CAPRO investigations included taking Michalak to get a body radiation
|
||
|
count, and encouraging him to take other tests. One misleading bit of
|
||
|
information said that Michalak had been to a clinical hypnotist and that he
|
||
|
had been hypnotically regressed. While both statements are true, the clinical
|
||
|
hypnotist had in fact only interviewed Michalak and not put him under. A tape
|
||
|
of Michalak's hypnosis is in existance, however, but the session was
|
||
|
conducted, apparently, by an amateur, who was a reporter for the Winnipeg
|
||
|
Free Press at the time.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The RCAF investigations were under the direction of Sqd. Ld. P. Bissky,
|
||
|
who came to the conclusion that the case was a hoax.(29) He recently remarked
|
||
|
that the RCAF conclusions were all available in Ottawa for perusal. Indeed,
|
||
|
some documents are contained in the DND files, and have been obtained by
|
||
|
several ufologists. A rather carefully-worded statement is in the National
|
||
|
Research Council's Non-Meteoric Sightings File, DND 222, saying, "Neither
|
||
|
the DND, nor the RCMP investigation teams were able to provide evidence which
|
||
|
could dispute Mr. Michalak's story."(30)
|
||
|
|
||
|
RCMP analysis by its forensic lab were "unable to reach any conclusion as
|
||
|
to what may have caused the burn damage" to Michalak's clothing.(31)
|
||
|
|
||
|
A theory came out, suggesting that the radiation at the site might have
|
||
|
been caused by radium paint, possibly from someone scraping a watch dial
|
||
|
around the site.(32) This is interesting. Was this just a candid comment, or
|
||
|
did it suggest that there was a truly abnormal level of Ra226 at the site at
|
||
|
the time? If so, why was it not detected in recent soil analysis?
|
||
|
|
||
|
16
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
THE GOVERNMENT COVERS UP?
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Apart from the Mayo Clinic "cover-up", the Canadian Government seemed to
|
||
|
refuse access to information on the incident in 1967. On June 29th, 1967, it
|
||
|
was reported that Mr. Ed Schreyer, then an MP, asked about UFO investigations
|
||
|
in the Commons.(33) The Speaker of the House "cut off the subject without
|
||
|
government reply." On November 6th, 1967, Defence Minister, Leo Cadieux,
|
||
|
stated that "it is not the intention of the Department of National Defence to
|
||
|
make public the report of the alleged sighting."(34) This was in response to
|
||
|
requests by several cabinet members to obtain information on the incident. On
|
||
|
11 Nov., 1967, it was reported that Mr. Schreyer formally placed a written
|
||
|
question on the Commons order paper seeking information on UFO's.(35)
|
||
|
|
||
|
The closed-mouth attitude of the government was not ignored by the press,
|
||
|
which prompted several comments about it. About the case, one editor noted,
|
||
|
"The attempt to keep it concealed can have only one effect - it will give the
|
||
|
UFO legend another boost."(36) Of course, he was precisely correct. On 14
|
||
|
October, 1968, House Leader Donald MacDonald again refused an MP, this time
|
||
|
Mr. Barry Mather, access to reports on the Michalak case.(37) However, on
|
||
|
6 Feb., 1969, Mather was given permission by a member of the Privy Council to
|
||
|
examine their file on UFO's "from which a few pages have simply been
|
||
|
removed." It was reported that outright release of the file "would not be in
|
||
|
the public interest," and create a dangerous precedent that would not
|
||
|
contribute to the good administration of the country's business."(38)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Bondarchuk (1979) reports that "portions of the complete government report
|
||
|
are available for public scrutiny" at the NRC in Ottawa. However, "noticeably
|
||
|
missing are the RCMP study of the burned items, as well as the government's
|
||
|
final conclusion, if indeed one exists."(39)
|
||
|
|
||
|
17
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Mention of the psychological aspects of the Michalak case must be made.
|
||
|
Why, for example, did Michalak call a newspaper office for assistance? This
|
||
|
one piece of evidence alone has served to convince some individuals that the
|
||
|
case was a hoax and that Michalak was only looking for publicity.
|
||
|
|
||
|
By the time Michalak made it back to his motel, he was exhausted. In his
|
||
|
own words:
|
||
|
|
||
|
"I did not go inside the motel for fear of contaminating people around me
|
||
|
...I felt detached from the rest of the world...The pain was unbearable
|
||
|
...the odour seemed to come from within me, and I could not escape it...
|
||
|
I was afraid that i had ruined my health and visualized the resulting hell
|
||
|
should I have become disabled...my mind centered on the possible
|
||
|
consequences...
|
||
|
|
||
|
"...there had to be some way of getting medical attention...I thought of
|
||
|
the press. Things that happened to me were definitely news, if nothing
|
||
|
else...I did not want to alarm my wife, or cause a panic in the family.
|
||
|
I phoned her as a last resort, telling her that I had been in an accident
|
||
|
..."(40)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Michalak felt that it was his "duty" to report the incident, and was
|
||
|
initially unafraid of ridicule. However, since then, he and his family have
|
||
|
become somewhat defensive about the incident, and get irritated to hear of
|
||
|
skeptical accounts in print. Indeed, it is this writer's personal impression
|
||
|
that Michalak is a very sincere individual. Also, psychiatrists could not
|
||
|
find any evidence of emotional or mental illness in the man.
|
||
|
|
||
|
19
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
THE HOAX
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Would Michalak have gone to so much trouble to perpetrate a hoax? There is
|
||
|
no question that he bcame seriously ill, and even today displays some
|
||
|
effects. If we can assume that Michalak burned himself while concocting his
|
||
|
hoax, would he have then repeatedly pursued medical assistance and go to the
|
||
|
Mayo Clinic to make it look good?
|
||
|
|
||
|
One physics professor at the University of Manitoba, now deceased,
|
||
|
believed that Michalak was experimenting with toy rockets, which exploded due
|
||
|
to mishandling. He also suggested that he was amateurishly trying to hit two
|
||
|
chunks of uranium together to make a homemade bomb. The grid-like pattern on
|
||
|
his body was caused by the grill he was using as a support. This totally
|
||
|
unfounded theory ignored most of the known facts of the case.
|
||
|
|
||
|
An RCAF spokesman is convinced that Michalak was drunk and had fallen on
|
||
|
a barbeque grill (one immediate objection to this is that such an act would
|
||
|
give exactly the _reverse_ impression of burns actually found on Michalak's
|
||
|
body.)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Menzel's impression has already been related, claiming the case to be a
|
||
|
hoax because Michalak could not find the site when with the Condon
|
||
|
investigators.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Ray Craig, the Condon Committee's investigator, concluded that:
|
||
|
"If (Michalak's) reported experience were physically real, it would show the
|
||
|
existence of alien flying vehicles in our environment."(41)
|
||
|
|
||
|
He noted "inconsistencies and incongruities", and said that even with some
|
||
|
of the other evidence associated with the case, he would have to stick to his
|
||
|
"initial conclusion", namely that "this case does not offer probative
|
||
|
information regarding inconventional(sic) craft."(42)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Despite this apparently negative conclusion, the index of the report lists
|
||
|
the case as an _unexplained sighting_.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Craig found reason to question that the metal samples found by Michalak
|
||
|
and Hart would have been missed by early investigators at the site. Stewart
|
||
|
Hunt of the Department of Health and Welfare described his examination of the
|
||
|
area as "as thorough survey", using three different radiation counters. It is
|
||
|
definitely odd that the metal chunks were not found until a visit to the site
|
||
|
a year later. Thompson remarked that the samples were deeply buried inside
|
||
|
the crack in the rock, and that some effort was expended in getting them out.
|
||
|
He also remarked that most of the radiation detected was inside the
|
||
|
fissure.(43)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Bondarchuk mentions that a close scrutiny of early soil samples showed
|
||
|
that small silver particles were present, citing this as a reason to
|
||
|
eliminate the theory that someone "planted" the silver bars.(44) However,
|
||
|
this is not conclusive as native silver particles occur naturally in the area
|
||
|
in small amounts, and their presence in the soil samples does not eliminate
|
||
|
the possibility of "planting".
|
||
|
|
||
|
Cannon also mentions this information, and that radium 226 was present in
|
||
|
both the soil and metal covering. This apparently was considered as a prime
|
||
|
reason to negate the watch dial theory.(45) Attempts to locate the CAPRO
|
||
|
analyses have not been successful.
|
||
|
|
||
|
There is no doubt, though, that the metal samples are very suspicious.
|
||
|
They even had an obvious "seam" which tended to suggest fabrication, as if
|
||
|
someone moulded the silver in a definite shape. Did Michalak produce these
|
||
|
himself? Or, did someone _else_ produce them, and plant them at the site?
|
||
|
If so, why? Even without the metal samples, the case was a significant one,
|
||
|
needing no support. In fact, the samples tend only to confuse the case. But
|
||
|
an amateur UFO "buff" would probably not have realized this, and thought only
|
||
|
that the samples would enhance the case. Since the case attracted many such
|
||
|
individuals, it would be difficult to determine whom this might have been.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Another theory would involve the "cover-up" scenario, and have the
|
||
|
government fabricate the samples themselves. However, evidence for this idea
|
||
|
would be difficult to obtain and essentially impossible to prove. If true,
|
||
|
this would raise the question of why the government would deliberately
|
||
|
enhance the case and then create an aura of secrecy, lending themselves to
|
||
|
suspicion.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Other hoax theories can be postulated, but all need the necessary proof,
|
||
|
including a motive for their devices.
|
||
|
|
||
|
22
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
CONCLUSIONS
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
There is no question that something very unusual occurred on May 20th,
|
||
|
1967, north of Falcon Lake. There is no question that Stephen Michalak came
|
||
|
back from his prospecting trip badly burned and seriously ill, claiming that
|
||
|
he had encountered a strange craft. But is the account true?
|
||
|
|
||
|
Can this case be effectively proved beyond a shadow of a doubt? The
|
||
|
evidence includes the following:
|
||
|
|
||
|
1. an eyewitness account of a vehicle behaving in ways not attributable
|
||
|
to conventional craft.
|
||
|
2. physiological damage to the witness, the mechanism of which is not
|
||
|
immediately obviuos.
|
||
|
3. a visible "landing site", consisting of a ring of loose soil,containing
|
||
|
|
||
|
a bare patch of rock.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Does this prove that an alien craft landed near Falcon Lake? Unfortunately
|
||
|
not. Major problems include the metal samples found at the site and the
|
||
|
radium detected (was it in evidence in different samples?). Clearly, the
|
||
|
investigations at the time were varied but at the same time were confused,
|
||
|
abd several bits of information are lacking. All of the CAPRO investigators
|
||
|
agreed that Michalak was a very sincere individual, and detected no effort
|
||
|
on his part to fabricate the account. This writer found this to be true from
|
||
|
his own interviews with Michalak, and found no reason to doubt his veracity.
|
||
|
|
||
|
If we assume that Michalak's story is truthful (and we have no reason
|
||
|
immediately obvious to suppose otherwise), then we have a solid report of a
|
||
|
landed UFO, complete with physical and physiological effects. What could it
|
||
|
have been?
|
||
|
|
||
|
Keel (1975) suggested that Michalak was a victim of a "game" played by
|
||
|
ultraterrestrials, wanting to confuse him in his attempt to locate the
|
||
|
site.(46)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Bondarchuk (1979), a proponent of the ETH, describes his analysis by
|
||
|
saying that Michalak was burned by "an intelligently guided craft of
|
||
|
unconventional structure and of unknown origin." He, too, finds evidence of
|
||
|
government intervention in the case. He also observes that the publication of
|
||
|
Michalak's book, which to some suggests a hoaxer's methods, was financially
|
||
|
not a successful venture, and the experience proved to be more costly to
|
||
|
Michalak than a boon.(47)
|
||
|
|
||
|
This writer is hesitant to give a final evaluation to the case. Personal
|
||
|
interviews with the Michalak's have shown them to be sincere people, and not
|
||
|
prone to irrational acts. They are intelligent, level-headed individuals, and
|
||
|
well-read on many subjects. Their annoyance at their notoriety is apparent,
|
||
|
and their defensiveness at further proddings show that they have been
|
||
|
subjected to severe ridicule and criticism since the incident first hit the
|
||
|
media in 1967.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Investigations are continuing. If officials were convinced Michalak was a
|
||
|
hoaxer, why was he not prosecuted for public mischief? Was there no definite
|
||
|
evidence towards this end? It certainly would have been an interesting court
|
||
|
case, arguing about the existance of UFO's. I think Michalak would have won.
|
||
|
|
||
|
24
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
EPILOGUE
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Today, over thirteen years after his experience, Michalak remains
|
||
|
convinced he had encountered something he wasn't supposed to see. His
|
||
|
convictions are firmly entrenched. He has read several books about UFO's
|
||
|
since 1967, and is still frustrated by not knowing what happened to him.
|
||
|
He has been to Carmen, Manitoba, where "Charlie Redstar" was a nightly
|
||
|
spectre over that town for many months, and heard stories from witnesses of
|
||
|
their own experiences.
|
||
|
|
||
|
In this writer's experience with UFO investigation, he has found that many
|
||
|
UFO witnesses see more than one in a lifetime. That is, if a person sees one
|
||
|
UFO, he or she will probably see another at a later time in their life. This
|
||
|
is the "repeater" phenomenon which is considered to be an indication of
|
||
|
insincerity in witnesses by several ufologists. This author is in
|
||
|
disagreement with that belief, as the UFO phenomenon suggests a close link
|
||
|
with the individual witness' psyche, possibly involving an "awareness
|
||
|
threshold." While this may not be empirically proven or testable,
|
||
|
theoretical ufology can only draw on apparent relationships, and there exists
|
||
|
some evidence to indicate an association between a witness and the
|
||
|
"perceived" UFO.
|
||
|
|
||
|
In this regard, it is interesting to note that Michalak has reported
|
||
|
another UFO sighting. It occurred in northwestern Ontario several years ago,
|
||
|
while standing near a lake. He said that he observed "the same thing" as he
|
||
|
had seen at Falcon Lake, though at a much greater distance from him, flying
|
||
|
through the sky.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Are "they" keeping an eye on him? Or is Michalak simply one of those
|
||
|
people who is now encouraged to look skyward for unusual things?
|
||
|
|
||
|
The mystery continues.
|
||
|
|
||
|
26
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
FOOTNOTES AND REFERENCES
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
(1) Gillmor, Daniel S., ed. _Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying
|
||
|
Objects_. Bantam Books, New York, 1969. p. 319
|
||
|
(2) Menzel, Donald H. and Ernest H. Taves. _The UFO Enigma_. New York:
|
||
|
Doubleday & Company, 1977, p. 104
|
||
|
(3) Gillmor, _op_. _cit_.
|
||
|
(4) Gillmor, p. 320.
|
||
|
(5) personal Communication to author, 1980.
|
||
|
(6) Michalak, Stephen. _My Encounter With the UFO_. Osnova Publications,
|
||
|
1967, p. 36.
|
||
|
(7) Gillmor, p. 322.
|
||
|
(8) Michalak, p. 32.
|
||
|
(9) Gillmor, p. 322.
|
||
|
(10) Gillmor, p. 321
|
||
|
(11) Bondarchuk, Yurko. _UFO Sightings, Landings and Abductions_. Methuen,
|
||
|
Toronto, 1979, p. 41.
|
||
|
(12) _IBID_. p. 42.
|
||
|
(13) Letter from R.F.S. Robertson to J. K. Fondren, dated 14 August, 1968.
|
||
|
(14) Analysis was supported by Ufology Research of Manitoba.
|
||
|
(15) Personal communication to author, 1980.
|
||
|
(16) Gillmor, p. 323.
|
||
|
(17) Cannon, Brian C. _Strange Case of Falcon Lake_. Part 3. Canadian UFO
|
||
|
Report, Volume 1, Number 4, July-Aug, 1969, p.26.
|
||
|
(18) Letter from R. J. Traill to S. C. Robertson, dated 13 June, 1968.
|
||
|
(19) Personal communication from Dr. Sunil K. Sen to author, 1977.
|
||
|
(20) Personal communication to author, 1980.
|
||
|
(21) Unnamed doctor, in Michalak, p. 38.
|
||
|
(22) Gillmor, p. 320.
|
||
|
(23) Michalak, p. 35.
|
||
|
(24) _Winnipeg Free Press_. Jan. 17, 1968.
|
||
|
(25) Letter on record from Mayo Clinic, dated 1 April, 1969.
|
||
|
(26) Letter on record from Mayo Clinic, dated 13 Jan., 1970.
|
||
|
(27) _Winnipeg Tribune_. May 22, 1967. "'I was Burned by UFO' - City Man"
|
||
|
(28) Michalak, p. 25
|
||
|
(29) This statement is curious, as Cannon records Bissky as saying, "there
|
||
|
are certain facts, such as Michalak's illness and burns and the very
|
||
|
evident circle remaining at the site, which are unexplainable." in
|
||
|
_Canadian UFO Report_ V.1, #4 July-Aug., 1969, p. 26.
|
||
|
(30) National research Council, _Non-Meteoric Sightings_ File, DND 222.
|
||
|
(31) _IBID_.
|
||
|
(32) _CAPRO Bulletin_. V.2 #2 Jan.-Feb., 1969, p. 5.
|
||
|
(33) _Winnipeg Tribune_. 29 June, 1967.
|
||
|
(34) Michalak, p. 3.
|
||
|
(35) _Winnipeg Tribune_. 11 Nov., 1967.
|
||
|
(36) Undated clipping in UFOROM files.
|
||
|
(37) _Winnipeg Tribune_, 14 Oct., 1968.
|
||
|
(38) _House of Commons Debates_, 6 Feb., 1969, Ottawa, The Queen's Printer
|
||
|
p. 5236.
|
||
|
(39) Bondarchuk, p. 44.
|
||
|
(40) Michalak, pp. 20-21.
|
||
|
(41) Gillmor, p. 323.
|
||
|
(42) _IBID_., p. 324.
|
||
|
(43) Personal communication to author, 1980.
|
||
|
(44) Bondarchuk, p. 43.
|
||
|
(45) Cannon, p. 24.
|
||
|
(46) Keel, John A. _The Mothman Prophecies_ Saturday Review Press, NY.,
|
||
|
1975, p. 169.
|
||
|
(47) Bondarchuk, pp. 44-45.
|
||
|
|
||
|
29
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
NEWSPAPER ARTICLES ON MICHALAK IN THE UFOROM COLLECTION
|
||
|
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 22 May 1967 'I was Burned by UFO'-City Man
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 23 May 1967 2 Support Local man's Report
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 23 May 1967 Experts May Probe Man's UFO Claim
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 24 May 1967 UFO Case "of Greatest Scientific Interest"
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 24 May 1967 Expert Doubts UFO Sighting
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 26 May 1967 U.S. Team to Check UFO
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 27 May 1967 A New UFO Report
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 30 May 1967 UFO Man Still Away From Work
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 2 Jun 1967 UFO Man at Scene Fails to Find Site
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 2 Jun 1967 RCMP Conducts UFO Search
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 5 Jun 1967 U.S. UFO Expert in Winnipeg
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 5 Jun 1967 UFO Expert Arrives
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 6 Jun 1967 No trace of UFO Located
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 7 Jun 1967 UFO Expert Leaves City
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 29 Jun 1967 20 UFO Reports
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 29 Jun 1967 Schreyer Queries UFO Reports
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 3 Jul 1967 'UFO Burns' Heal
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 11 Nov 1967 UFO Probe Sought
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 17 Jan 1968 Burns Back, Says Michalak
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 18 Mar 1968 'Victim' of UFO Ill Again
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press
|
||
|
(Leisure Magazine) 6 Apr 1968 UFO Sighting in Manitoba
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 21 May 1968 Find Made at UFO Site
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 14 Oct 1968 Ottawa Refuses to Reveal Reports
|
||
|
Winnipeg Tribune 15 Nov 1968 Ottawa Mum on 'UFO Sighting'
|
||
|
Brandon Sun 17 Nov 1968 Says Government Fears Panic
|
||
|
Winnipeg Free Press 22 Apr 1978 "Answers" (query re Michalak)
|
||
|
|
||
|
30
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
A FALCON LAKE BIBLIOGRAPHY
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
Aggen, Erich A. Jr. Further Aspects of the Hostility Theory.
|
||
|
_Flying Saucers_ #67. Dec. 1969, pp 14-15.
|
||
|
Bondarchuk, Yurko. _UFO Sightings, Landings and Abductions_.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Methuen, Toronto, 1967, pp. 37-45.
|
||
|
Bucek, Steve. The Michalak Case. _APIC Bulletin_ #1, 1968, pp. 14-15.
|
||
|
Bucek, Steve. Michalak Report, Hoax or Reality. _APIC Notice_, undated.
|
||
|
Cannon, Brian C. UFO's - Mania or Mystery? _Canadian UFO Report_ V. 1 #1,
|
||
|
Jan-Feb., 1969, pp. 14-15.
|
||
|
Cannon, Brian C. Strange Case of Falcon Lake, Part 1. _Canadian UFO
|
||
|
Report_, V. 1 #2, Mar-Apr., 1969, pp. 10-12.
|
||
|
Cannon, Brian C. Strange Case of Falcon Lake, Part 2. _Canadian UFO
|
||
|
Report_, V. 1 #3, May-June., 1969, pp. 11-12.
|
||
|
Cannon, Brian C. Strange Case of Falcon Lake, Part 3. _Canadian UFO
|
||
|
Report_, V. 1 #4, July-Aug., 1969, pp. 24-26.
|
||
|
Crain, T. Scott, Jr. Flying Saucer Casualties. _Flying Saucers_, #73,
|
||
|
June, 1971, pp. 7-9.
|
||
|
Farish, Lou and Dale Titler. UFO's - Touching is Believing.
|
||
|
_Saga's UFO Annual_. V. 1 #1, 1975, pp. 30+
|
||
|
Gillmor, Daniel S., ed. _Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying
|
||
|
Objects_. Bantam, New York, 1969 "Case 22", pp. 316-324.
|
||
|
Holzer, Hans. _The Ufonauts_. Fawcett, Greenwich, Conneticut, 1976,
|
||
|
pp. 37-39.
|
||
|
_House of Commons Debates_. 6 Nov., 1967, Ottawa, Canada. The Queen's
|
||
|
Printer, p. 3919.
|
||
|
_House of Commons Debates_. 6 Feb., 1969, Ottawa, Canada. The Queen's
|
||
|
Printer, pp. 5234-6.
|
||
|
Kanon, Gregory M. UFO's and the Canadian Government, Part 2.
|
||
|
_Canadian UFO Report_, V. 3 #7, Spring, 1976, pp. 17-18
|
||
|
Keel, John A. _The Mothman Prophecies_. Saturday Review Press, New York,
|
||
|
1975, p. 169
|
||
|
Lorenzen, Carol and Jim Lorenzen. _UFO's Over the Americas_. Signet,
|
||
|
New York, 1968, pp. 27, 29, 38-41.
|
||
|
Lorenzen, Carol and Jim Lorenzen. _UFO's: The Whole Story_. Signet,
|
||
|
Toronto, 1969, pp. 195-8.
|
||
|
Lorenzen, Carol and Jim Lorenzen. _Encounters With UFO Occupants_.
|
||
|
Berkly, New York, 1976, pp. 11-12.
|
||
|
Magor, John. Editorial: Ottawa's Useless Report. _Canadian UFO Report_.
|
||
|
V. 1 #3, May-June, 1969, p.1.
|
||
|
Menzel, Donald H. and Ernest H. Taves. _The UFO Enigma_. Doubleday & Co.,
|
||
|
New York, 1977, p. 104, "Case 22".
|
||
|
Michalak, Stephen. _My Encounter With the UFO_. Osnova Publications,
|
||
|
Winnipeg, 1967.
|
||
|
Naud, Yves. _UFO's and Extraterrestrials in History_. Ferni Publishers,
|
||
|
Geneva, 1978, V. 3, Part 1, Chapter 6, pp. 147-156.
|
||
|
Rutkowski, Chris. The Michalak Case _Proteus_. #4. October, 1977,
|
||
|
pp. 10-21.
|
||
|
Schwarz, Berthold Eric. Psychiatric and Parapsychiatric Dimensions of
|
||
|
UFO's. _In_ Haines, Richard F., ed. _UFO Phenomena and the
|
||
|
Behavioral Scientist_. Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, NJ, 1979,
|
||
|
Part 2, Chapter 6, pp. 113-134.
|
||
|
Sifakis, Carl. _Official Guide to UFO Sightings_. Drake, New York, 1979,
|
||
|
p. 121.
|
||
|
Smith, Susy. _Strangers From Space_. Manor Books, New York, 1977, pp.
|
||
|
139-40.
|
||
|
Steiger, Brad and Joan Whritenour. _New UFO Breakthrough_. Award Books,
|
||
|
New York, 1968, pp. 47-8.
|
||
|
Story, Ronald D., ed. _The Encyclopedia of UFO's_. Doubleday & Co.,
|
||
|
New York, 1980, pp. 230-1.
|
||
|
Tokarz, Harry. Are UFO's Boon or Curse to Medicine? _Canadian UFO
|
||
|
Report_, V. 4 #7. Summer, 1978, pp. 8-11.
|
||
|
Vallee, Jacques. _Passport to Magonia_. Regnery, Chicago, 1969.
|
||
|
Appendix, Case #844, p. 345.
|
||
|
Vezina, A. K. Canada, 1967 - A big Year for UFO Research. _Flying
|
||
|
Saucers_, #58, June, 1968, pp. 8-10.
|
||
|
|
||
|
33
|
||
|
-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-
|
||
|
|
||
|
FURTHER REFERENCES
|
||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
The UFOROM library collection does not contain all the references
|
||
|
available on the Michalak case. The following list is a selection of
|
||
|
references not held at the time of this writing. They are included for
|
||
|
completeness and may be incorrectly cited. Other references, of course, may
|
||
|
exist, and readers are encouraged to write the author, who would be greatly
|
||
|
interested in further citations for inclusion in the bibliography.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Flying Saucers, Feb., 1968, p. 29.
|
||
|
Flying Saucers, Sept., 1972, p. 34.
|
||
|
NICAP: Strange Effects from UFO's, 1969, p. 72.
|
||
|
Flying Saucer Review, Jan., 1970, p. 12.
|
||
|
Ted Phillips' Trace Cases, #276.
|
||
|
NICAP UFO Investigator, June, 1967, p. 7.
|
||
|
NICAP UFO Investigator, May, 1967, p. 23.
|
||
|
Brad Sparks' Computer Catalog of Type 9 Cases, #106.
|
||
|
UFO Nachtrichten, May, 1968.
|
||
|
Luis Shoenherr's Computer Catalog, #2078.
|
||
|
Early CAPRO Bulletins printed in Winnipeg, 1967+
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
*END*
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
**********************************************
|
||
|
* THE U.F.O. BBS - http://www.ufobbs.com/ufo *
|
||
|
**********************************************
|