580 lines
33 KiB
Plaintext
580 lines
33 KiB
Plaintext
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SUBJECT: CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE CHILLING KIND FILE: UFO2377
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PART 3
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BY OMNI
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Psychiatrists and psychologists
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with advanced degrees are investigating the mysterious
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realm of kundalini, UFOs and ghosts.
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Tell us about it. Terrorized by little gray creatures with large black
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eyes who whisk you away from your bedroom at night? Plagued by
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poltergeists rattling the bookshelf and hurling pictures from the wall?
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Haunted by the ghost of a loved one, say, or precognitive dreams that
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turn suddenly real? Whatever the nature of your encounter with the
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unknown, you may have been left physically drained or emotionally
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scarred. Chances are, you've confided in no one, fearful friends and
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relatives would consider you insane. So where do you turn?
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Actually, you have some options. You might, for instance, place your
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trust in someone who makes a business out of the unknown. you saw the
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movie; you know the tune. Who you gonna call? Ghostbusters! If it's
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psychic troubles you've had, you call a parapsychologist. And when it
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comes to possessions and visions and such, there's always the minister,
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rabbi, or parish priest. On the plus side, you can be fairly confident
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these people will believe you. On the other hand, if your trouble is
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even partially psychological, how much help would they be?
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That's where mainstream psychologists and psychiatrists come in. If
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you're hallucinating, they might have a treatment or cure. But don't
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expect them to believe you. They'll dismiss your story as a raving
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fantasy, and if you can't shake the episode, you may end up diagnosed
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with schizophrenia and on antipsychotic drugs.
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Not what you had in mind? Then consider your third option: the new
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breed of mental-health professional now contending that such other
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worldly experiences are legitimate and commonplace among the sane.
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That's not to say they accept the reality of alien abductors or
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precognition or ghosts - though much to the horror of their colleagues,
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a few of them have. But what many of these therapists have come to
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believe over the past five years is that such experiences - regardless
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of their cause - are common among normal, healthy people, and that those
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who find themselves traumatized by such episodes are just as deserving
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of psychological ministrations as those who suffer anxiety, depression,
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or the trauma that follows a plane crash or a rape.
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To signal the birth of this new discipline, some dedicated
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professionals have even formed a group known as TREAT, for clinicians
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and physical and behavioral scientists interested in the Treatment and
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Research of Experienced Anomalous Trauma. TREAT, which holds a
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conference each spring, deals with everything from reports of UFO
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abduction and precognition to near-death episodes, satanic possession,
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and alleged contact with the dead. Another favorite TREAT area is
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kundalini - often perceived as a burning. vibrating, or electrifying
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sensation associated with meditation or any other heavy duty spiritual
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chore.
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By all indicators, TREAT is a movement whose time has come. Indeed,
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every national poll on the paranormal confirms just how widespread such
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experiences are. A 1992 survey by the Roper Organization, for instance,
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suggests that 2 percent of the population, or 1 of every 50 adult
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Americans, exhibits the symptoms that sometimes mask a UFO abduction
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experience. A 1987 study conducted by Andrew Greeley and colleagues at
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the University of Chicago showed that 42 percent of American adults
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reported contact with the dead, 67 percent claimed ESP experiences, and
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31 percent reported clairvoyance. And a 1981 Gallup poll showed that an
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extraordinary 15 percent of all people revived from the cusp of death
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reported the spectacle of the near-death experience in which they
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glimpsed such generic signposts as beckoning loved ones or a tunnel of
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light.
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One must not, of course, mistake these experiences for proof of their
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reality. "Truth should not be defined by what people believe," warns
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Harold Goldstein, a psychologist in the division of epidemiology and
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services research branch of the National Institutes of Mental Health.
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"Facts are facts. Now it may turn out that there are aliens and such
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things, but there needs to be evidence for it, and belief is not
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evidence."
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Then again, say the professionals on the frontier of the new
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psychology, beliefs should not be dismissed. "Paranormal experiences
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are so common in the general population," psychiatrists Colin Ross of
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Dallas and Shaun Joshi of Winnipeg, Canada, said in a recent issue of
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the Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, "that no theory of normal
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psychology or psychopathology which does not take them into account can
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be comprehensive." Such experiences, they say, could be studied
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scientifically, "in the same way as anxiety. depression, or any other
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set of experiences" without making "any decision as to whether some,
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all, or none of them are objectively real."
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That may sound good in theory, but some observers wonder whether it's
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really possible in practice. Therapists, it turns out, are no more
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immune to the potent lure of the unknown than any one else. Unwary
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specialists of the human mind may, in fact, be particularly prone to
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accepting the reality of their patient's fascinating tales. And
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enchantment can lead to obsession. The psychoanalyst Robert Lindner
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admitted as much in 1955 after coming under the spell of a patient who
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provided detailed accounts of visits into the future reality of another
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planet. To help the patient, Lindner studied the mass of written
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records Kirk had prepared, noted the inconsistencies, and confronted him
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with the errors. That effort forced cracks in the fantasy and led,
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eventually, to Kirk's recovery. But Lindner, meanwhile, become so
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absorbed in the story that he had difficulty extricating himself from
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its grip. In his classic book, The Fifty-Minute Hour, he admits to
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skirting "the edges of the abyss." Now, some 35 years later, the latest
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mental-health professionals to flirt with UFO abduction, the near-death
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experience, and psychic phenomena face this danger as well.
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One mental-health worker to dive headlong into the dark pit of the
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unknown in recent years is psychiatrist Rima Laibow. Her sprawling
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office in the upscale Westchester County town of Hastings-on-Hudson, New
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York, is ringed with the big fluffy pillows she uses in holding therapy,
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originally designed to repair early attachment deficits in autistic
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children but now used with other serious chikdhood and adult problems as
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well. Dressed in blue slacks and a blouse, her frizzy hair tossed to
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one side, Laibow recalls her first professional journey through the
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looking glass. "lt was 1988," she explains, "and a patient whom I had
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known for many years came to me in a state of anxiety and panic because,
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out of the corner of her eye, she had caught sight of the cover of
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Communion."
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The patient, a 43-year-old cardiologist, had never read this 1987
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best-seller by horror novelist Whitley Strieber, didn't know that it
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concerned alleged encounters with UFO entities, and had never been
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interested in the subject of alien abduction at all. Despite all this,
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after glimpsing the cover of Communion, she claimed terrifying memory
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fragments of encounters with creatures like those on the book's cover.
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"Such notions had always struck me as psychotic," Laibow explains,
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"but this patient taught me otherwise." Convinced that her patient
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showed no sign of major psychopathology, in fact, Laibow came up with a
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different diagnosis for the sudden breakdown the cardiologist
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experienced following recall of an alleged alien encounter:
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posttraumatic stress disorder, or PTSD.
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According to the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
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Mental Disorders, PTSD is a stress reaction triggered by various
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external events "outside the range of usual human experience."
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Triggering events, the American Psychiatric Association's manual goes on
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to say, include such atrocities as rape, war, and natural disasters like
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earthquakes or floods, which are "usually experienced with intense fear,
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terror, and helplessness." In fact, Laibow's patient met all the
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criteria for PTSD but one. "There had been no known trauma," recalls
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Laibow, "so I thought, how could she have PTSD when we all know there
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couldn't possibly be an external event like an alien abduction could
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there?"
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Over the weeks that followed, Laibow worked to quell her patient's
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anxiety and panic. But the doctor herself remained genuinely puzzled.
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In search of answers, she read all the literature she could find on
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reported alien abductions and spoke to the primary investigators in the
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field: New York artist Budd Hopkins, who had written two books on the
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topic, and Temple University historian David Jacobs, who, like Hopkins,
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had become a kind of folk guru and de-facto therapist for UFO abduction
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victims.
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"What I found," Laibow states, "left me both impressed and appalled."
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She was impressed, she says, because "there's a substantial body of data
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suggesting that under some circumstances, at some times, for some
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reason, there are things in the atmosphere we call UFOs that appear to
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have external physical reality." But she was appalled because from her
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"sad and shocking experience, UFOlogy as it exists today is little more
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than a collection of belief systems vying for dominance. The field is
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plagued by the notion that just collecting neat stuff is the same as
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doing research. If I were the National Science Foundation, I wouldn't
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fund this research, either."
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Hoping to change all that, Laibow began by giving UFO abduction and
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the whole gamut of experience with unexplained phenomena a new, more
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respectable name. "Experienced anomalous trauma," she called it, so
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that "professionals, who would otherwise stop listening because you've
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mentioned UFOs, parapsychology, and other weird things would now stop
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and process those three words in relation to each other and ask, 'Like
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what?' "
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The strategy worked. In fact, with the name experienced anomalous
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trauma as a draw, Laibow found dozens of psychiatrists and Ph.D.
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psychologists intrigued by her ideas. To take advantage of the
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momentum, she formed an umbrella organization for the Treatment and
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Research of Experienced Anomalous Trauma, or TREAT, and held the group's
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first meeting in May 1989.
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TREAT quickly attracted some big guns in the mental-health community.
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One was John Wilson. A professor of psychology at Cleveland State
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University, Wilson is one of the pioneers in the field of posttraumatic
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stress disorder. He helped both to coin the term and to formulate a
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definition of the disorder as far back as 1980. In the past two
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decades, Wilson has listened patiently to more than 10,000 people
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traumatized by somc major life event and has conducted major studies of
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PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans and victims of toxic exposure.
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Wilson's own curiosity with the unknown dates back to childhood, when
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a neighbor of his worked for Project Blue Book, the notorious Air Force
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effort responsible for investigating UFOs. When the abduction
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phenomenon emerged, he began to wonder what symptoms the alleged victims
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would report. "The most obvious answer," he says, "is that they would
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have PTSD."
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According to Wilson, in fact, those who report memories of UFO
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abduction find themselves in the same sort of psychologically stressful
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dilemma as those who have been exposed to invisible toxic contaminants
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such as hydrogen sulfide. "They aren't sure about it," he explains,
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"not sure anybody is going to believe them, don't know how to stop it,
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and don't know how long it has gone on. But the big difference is that
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those claiming a UFO abduction don't even know if it occurred for sure.
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If you've been exposed to a toxic chemical, you can usually have a
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toxicologist come and study your house, and they'll say, yeah, it's
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there, or it's not. But someone who's had a UFO abduction experience
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can't point to the flying saucer or the little gray guy with the
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almond-shaped eyes. That puts them in a really psychologically
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ensnaring position." In fact, Wilson places UFO abductions and exposure
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to invisible toxic contaminants in the same general category of
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traumatic experiences as childhood sexual abuse and psychological
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torture, calling them examples of "hidden events" that may lead to PTSD
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but which often can't be proven real.
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Wilson isn't surprised by his colleagues' slow reception to anomalous
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trauma. "Fifty years ago, mental-health professionals didn't believe in
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childhood abuse," Wilson notes. "When kids or adults would report
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incest experiences, sexual molestation, or rape and went to see a
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mental-health professional, they were told, 'That's a fantasy; that
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doesn't happen; it can't be real.' It wasn't until the Sixties that the
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American College of Pediatrics even did a study to find out what was
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going on. And then, voila, it was out of the closet, and today we have
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hard data on childhood sexual abuse. There is a parallel here to
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anomalous experience; whether it's UFO abduction or demon possession,
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our culture says no."
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But as far as Wilson is concerned, the cultural disbelief system will
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change as anomalous trauma becomes a diagnostic subcategory of PTSD.
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"American culture is on the leading edge of this material," he says,
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"and my prediction is that within five to ten years, the idea of
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experienced anomalous trauma will get the serious consideration it
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deserves."
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Indeed, with Wilson's stamp of approval and Laibow's promotional
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drive, other psychiatrists and psychologists have begun to come around.
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One already going that route is kundalini expert Bonnie Greenwell, a
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California-based psychotherapist and author of Energies of
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Transformation. This "energy phenomenon," as Greenwell calls it, has
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been described by Hindu mystics and practitioners of Yoga as an
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"awakening" of spiritual energy that supposedly "sleeps" at the base of
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the spine. But kundalini awakenings, considered the beginning of the
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process of enlightment by masters of the technique, can result in
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serious psychological disturbance as well.
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And that's where Creenwell comes in. Even those seeking the kundalini
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experience can find it painful, she explains, and for those not
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expecting it, the experience can be a nightmare. Indeed, those
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undergoing the kundalini experience don't seem to know what hit them
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because they are unaware that it might be triggered by anything from a
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physical trauma or emotional shock to a long-term spiritual practice or
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dose of LSD. What's more, says Greenwell, the experience may be
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accompanied by visions and trances, the sensation of leaving the body,
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and alternating periods of ecstasy and despair, symptoms that could lead
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to pathological diagnoses by conventional shrinks.
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But Western medicine is not alone in its ignorance of kundalini,
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according to Greenwell. Many spiritual teachers don't have a clue what
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to do with it, either. "Some teachers will tell them it can't be
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kundalini or it would feel good," she says. "Others tell these people
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they're having a breakdown. There are even cases in Buddhist retreats
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where people have been taken to psychiatric hospitals when they had a
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kundalini opening. Many people who teach yoga or meditation are not
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developed to the extent that they have gone through this process
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themselves. It's very unfortunate, and it's one of the major reasons I
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started doing what I do."
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Greenwell's craft includes helping those troubled by kundalini tap the
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positive aspects of the phenomenon while discarding the negative as
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quickly as they can. "Once they understand the process as essentially
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positive in the long run," Greenwell says, "they are no longer afraid of
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it and can often work it out quite effectively on their own."
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One person Greenwell saw over come the problems of kundalini was
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Sarah, born after her father's death in 1918. During childhood, Sarah
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spent numerous hours communing with her deceased father and as an adult
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used that same impulse to meditate. Listening to high-frequency sound
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and visualizing the inside of her body, Sarah began feeling waves of
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kundalini along with terrifying visions: In one, she was cut up piece
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by piece, and in another, her body was invaded by swords. In the end,
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Sarah managed to control her terrors by expressing the creative energy
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of kundalini in the form of dreams, dance, movement, and art.
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Other clients, Greenwell adds, have been far more distressed by
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kundalini energy than Sarah. In these severe cases, she notes, "the
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person struggles to get control of a body which involuntarily forces
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them into motions or freezes them in action, locks pain into the back
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and shoulders or into the site of any preexisting injury, and flushes
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them with intense heat and cold. Such subjects occasionally fall into
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trance or report that they are leaving their body. They may be blinded
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by lights upon entering a dark room or feel they're being electrocuted
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in bed."
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Depending upon who these people consult, says Greenwell, they may be
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diagnosed with any number of disturbances from schizophrenia to grand
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mal epilepsy. That's just what happened to Cathy, who experienced
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periods of intense, trancelike states, extreme sensations of cold, and
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"unusual energy flows" moving upward from her feet to her hands. Given
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medication for everything from psychosis to seizures, Cathy finally
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decided to abandon all conventional treatment and accept her symptoms as
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"spiritual" in nature, coming from energies beyond. It was this
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acceptance, Greenwell claims, that resulted in an immediate improvement
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in Cathy's health and enabled her to give up antiseizure drugs and
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integrate her experiences in a positive way into her life.
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Greenwell probably sees more patients with kundalini problems than
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therapists on the East coast, perhaps because kundalini is largely a
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California phenomenon. The high percentage of meditators out West, she
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concedes, means "you have a lot of people primed for the experiences."
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Those who suffer from spiritual traumas, kundalini or otherwise, can
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also access another West Coast resource the Soquel, California-based
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Spiritual Emergence Network, or SEN, a telephone referral service
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(408-464-8261) founded by Christina Grof, who with her husband,
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Stanislav, pioneered research on the altered state. "We get about 150
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calls a month" says Deane Brown, a therapist and the Network's program
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director. "People call us when something is happening that they don't
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understand. The volunteers who answer the phone come from a variety of
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backgrounds and many of them have experienced some critical or
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frightening period of spiritual emergence of their own. So they can
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truthfully say to the caller, 'I know what you're going through; I've
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been there.' What we do, essentially, is listen. That's the greatest
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gift that we can give to a caller. We don't judge the content of what
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they say. We respond to the feeling rather than the content. We never
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diagnose."
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After talking to the caller for a while, SEN volunteers provide the
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name and number of one of the 500 people in the SEN database. These
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people range from psychiatrists and psychologists who are familiar with
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the SEN philosophy of "spiritual emergence" to shamans, psychics,
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healers, or clergy in the troubled caller's area.
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"The types of calls seem to go in cycles," notes Brown. "We will
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often get a lot of the same calls at about the same time from all over.
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For a while we may get a lot of kundalini calls. Then we may get a lot
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of psychic opening, including out-of-body experiences, telepathy, and
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uncanny coincidences. Other callers report possession, psychic attack
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by demons, and the like."
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Despite the common goals of workers like Greenwell and Laibow,
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however, the TREAT movement has run into some trouble of its own. The
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reason: Laibow's strong resistance to the pioneering group of workers
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without professional credentials who aided the spiritually traumatized
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in the first place, years before it became fashionable for those with
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degrees. The biggest rift was caused by her refusal to accept artist
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Budd Hopkins, author of the classic volumes Missing Time and Intruders,
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and the individual who brought the plight of UFO abductees to the
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attention of physicians and the general public when everyone else was
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ignoring them or calling them insane. Laibow's beef: Hopkins and others
|
||
|
had been hypnotizing the alleged abductees to elicit their tales, and
|
||
|
they had no business doing so "since their formal training amounted to
|
||
|
just about nil." Such "wannabe clinicians," she believes, can be very
|
||
|
dangerous, indeed.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Says Laibow, "There's a huge difference in being able to induce a
|
||
|
hypnotic trance and being a clinician who knows what to do when you've
|
||
|
got a trance, who knows how to not contaminate the material, and who
|
||
|
knows how to facilitate recovery rather than cause retraumatization
|
||
|
because people can be retraumatized by the unconscious repetition of
|
||
|
their material. And what do you do if a UFO investigator does you
|
||
|
clinical harm by taking on clinical responsibilities? Where is his
|
||
|
malpractice liability, and how are you going to be protected? People
|
||
|
who are not willing to take the time and the effort to become clinicians
|
||
|
should not be stomping around in the unconscious."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Though many professionals agreed with Laibow's argument, others felt
|
||
|
it was unjust to throw out those who had brought the phenomenon to their
|
||
|
attention in the first place. As Hopkins himself said, "Where have all
|
||
|
the mental-health professionals been all these years while these people
|
||
|
were clamoring for help." In fact, the dispute has done little to
|
||
|
diminish Hopkins' influence, who continues to bring mental-health
|
||
|
professionals into the fold.
|
||
|
|
||
|
One of Hopkins' recruits is Harvard Medical School psychiatrist John
|
||
|
Mack, author of the 1977 Pulitzer Prize-winning biography of Lawrence of
|
||
|
Arabia. Though he is the most prominent and respected member of the
|
||
|
mental-health profession to take an interest in anomalous experiences in
|
||
|
recent years, Mack is not a pretentious man. The photo from a Boston
|
||
|
Globe profile shows him standing in a field wearing corduroy slacks and
|
||
|
a plaid shirt, his soft gray-green eyes staring calmly at the camera.
|
||
|
Unlike most therapists who take an interest in these matters, Mack makes
|
||
|
no attempt to hide the fact that he is "open to what these people are
|
||
|
telling us."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Mack met Budd Hopkins in January 1990, and was impressed both by the
|
||
|
man and the case histories of alleged UFO abductions he had collected
|
||
|
over the years. "The stories didn't sound at all like dreams or
|
||
|
fantasies to me," says Mack, his voice resonant with authority. "It
|
||
|
sounded like something real was happening. And I thought, well, if this
|
||
|
is real, what is it? Then Budd asked if I wanted to see some of these
|
||
|
people, and I realized I was crossing some kind of line, but I said
|
||
|
yes."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Since then, Mack has heard abduction stories from people of all walks
|
||
|
of life. "Forty years of psychiatry," he says, "has given me no way to
|
||
|
explain what I'm encountering in my interviews and hypnosis sessions of
|
||
|
these individuals. Something is going on; something is happening to
|
||
|
these people. I'm convinced of it."
|
||
|
|
||
|
In fact, Mack has done as much as TREAT to bring anomalous trauma to
|
||
|
center stage in the professional domain. He has spoken freely with the
|
||
|
media about his interest and has given talks and participated in private
|
||
|
conferences on the subject. Colleagues who hear him speak often raise
|
||
|
the issue of whether UFO abduction stories might not be covers for
|
||
|
episodes of sexual abuse and incest in childhood. But according to
|
||
|
Mack, the reverse has been the case. "There is not a single known case
|
||
|
of the thousands that have been investigated where exploring or looking
|
||
|
into the abduction story revealed behind it an incest or sexual-abuse
|
||
|
history," he says, "but therapists looking for incest stories have come
|
||
|
up with UFO abduction memories instead."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Mack understands his colleagues' reluctance to delve into the subject.
|
||
|
"It's so shocking to the paradigm of psychology and psychiatry, which
|
||
|
tend to look for the source of the experience in the psyches of the
|
||
|
people who are affected rather than to acknowledge that something
|
||
|
mysterious is happening to these people. The phenomenon is not simply a
|
||
|
product of their mental condition but has some kind of objective
|
||
|
reality. Whether you call it extraterrestrial or other-dimensional,
|
||
|
what it really means is that we may live in a rather different universe
|
||
|
from the one Western science has told us we live in.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Mack speaks of vast philosophical implications for this phenomenon and
|
||
|
human identity in the cosmos. "There's really a great fear of opening
|
||
|
up our world beyond what we know," he says. "But we need to get out of
|
||
|
the box we're in and see ourselves in relationship to the universe, and
|
||
|
I think this phenomenon could be very important in expanding our sense
|
||
|
of ourselves."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Mack's daring views are not shared by all therapists involved in the
|
||
|
dark side of the unknown. "If aliens are coming and invading us and
|
||
|
abusing us in a very literal sense," argues Toronto psychotherapist
|
||
|
David Gotlib, "then it's difficult for me to understand how a
|
||
|
significant portion of those who are taken could find it curious or
|
||
|
enlightening. If you compare it to the Holocaust or the Vietnam War or
|
||
|
any kind of traumatic event, then sure you can learn to grow through it,
|
||
|
but only after a lot of pain and soul searching, and not right away. So
|
||
|
it discourages me from subscribing to a literal explanation. It also
|
||
|
suggests to me that the phenomenon may be dependent on who's
|
||
|
experiencing it as well as on what's happening.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Gotlib has thought a lot about UFOs since 1988 when he began treating
|
||
|
a woman who had been turned down by other therapists because she claimed
|
||
|
her anxiety was due to an alien abduction. He has now seen 40 such
|
||
|
patients and publishes the Bulletin of Anomalous Experience so that his
|
||
|
150 subscribers in the mental-health professions can network and
|
||
|
exchange ideas on UFO abduction reports and related phenomena. "I don't
|
||
|
expect to solve the puzzle or have the puzzle solved in my lifetime,"
|
||
|
notes Gotlib. "These kinds of things have been going on for hundreds of
|
||
|
years. I think if we start trying to solve the question definitively,
|
||
|
then we're chasing our tail. What I'm most concerned about is, how can
|
||
|
we help these people?"
|
||
|
|
||
|
Gotlib sees his next patient and 50 minutes later calls back to answer
|
||
|
his own questions. "Basically, what we have to do is listen to them
|
||
|
without judgement. You let them know that there are a lot of other
|
||
|
people who have had these kinds of experiences, that they are not crazy,
|
||
|
they are not psychotic, they are not mentally ill, they aren't losing
|
||
|
their minds, and this has the effect of empowering them. You talk about
|
||
|
the different ways that people understand this experience, and you
|
||
|
explore it with them. One patient left saying that his fear had been
|
||
|
transformed into curiosity. If I can do that, then I think I've met my
|
||
|
therapeutic objective."
|
||
|
|
||
|
It's not a surprise, of course, that Mack, Laibow, and other
|
||
|
mental-health professionals championing the anomalous have faced a
|
||
|
growing barrage of criticism both from colleagues and outsiders. Are
|
||
|
these therapists, critics wonder, clinging to the myth of their own
|
||
|
mental impregnability and being drawn into the abyss by the magnetic
|
||
|
pull of their patients' experiences?
|
||
|
|
||
|
"One needs to monitor one's own reaction to what it is that goes on,"
|
||
|
cautions NIMH psychologist Harold Goldstein. "You can be sympathetic,
|
||
|
you can be empathic, you can be understanding, but your goal as a
|
||
|
therapist is not to leap into the same pit as the patient, but to be
|
||
|
there to help pull someone out. I think that when physicians or
|
||
|
psychologists endorse these things, or appear to endorse them, we do
|
||
|
real damage to issues of rationality and realistic evidence. When we
|
||
|
reach a point that what's true is what people believe, then we've sunk
|
||
|
to a very dangerous situation. "
|
||
|
|
||
|
Bill Ellis, a researcher in contemporary legends at Pennsylvania State
|
||
|
University in Hazleton applauds mental-health professionals for coming
|
||
|
to grips with anomalous experiences, but, like Goldstein, thinks a
|
||
|
little more objectivity is in order. "I think we forget therapists can
|
||
|
communicate through body language what they want from their patients,"
|
||
|
he says. "It's the clever Hans phenomenon. It's like the horse that
|
||
|
could come up with the square root of 360, but what it had really
|
||
|
learned to do was keep pawing the ground until its trainer relaxed. The
|
||
|
trainer was not doing it deliberately. The trainer was convinced that
|
||
|
the horse could add and subtract and do square roots. But eventually,
|
||
|
somebody who was smart enough to figure out what was going on stopped
|
||
|
watching the horse and started watching the trainer. I think we should
|
||
|
have more people watching the therapists."
|
||
|
|
||
|
Doing just that is Robert Baker, a retired professor of psychology who
|
||
|
taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University
|
||
|
of Kentucky. And Baker doesn't like what he sees. "I hope we can do
|
||
|
something about this nonsense, because it's getting to the point where
|
||
|
it's almost a national panic disorder," he says. "We have to do
|
||
|
something about therapists who really don't know what they're doing. The
|
||
|
therapists who commit themselves to this nonsense are not aware of major
|
||
|
areas of human behavior and just do not understand the way the human
|
||
|
nervous system works."
|
||
|
|
||
|
One thing that fools therapists, says Baker, is cryptoamnesia, a
|
||
|
series of false memories that form a fantasy with a few minor elements
|
||
|
of truth thrown in. "The fact is, we do not remember things exactly,"
|
||
|
he explains. "We change, arrange, and distort the memories we have
|
||
|
stored to better serve our needs and desires. We fill the gaps in
|
||
|
memory with events that never happened or with events that did not
|
||
|
happen the way we imagine, and the results can be bizarre."
|
||
|
|
||
|
The other major cause of the wild stories people tell, according to
|
||
|
Baker, is sleep paralysis, a sleep disorder accompanied by
|
||
|
hallucinations that affects about 5 percent of the population. In sleep
|
||
|
paralysis, Baker explains, "people wake up in the middle of the night
|
||
|
and can't move. They feel like they're wide awake, but they continue
|
||
|
dreaming and in the dreams often see such things as demons, aliens, or
|
||
|
ghosts. Since they're partly awake, however, they may think the dream
|
||
|
really happened when, in fact, it didn't. It's no wonder that people
|
||
|
find this terrifying, and that's what's responsible for the
|
||
|
posttraumatic stress disorder that therapists are talking about."
|
||
|
|
||
|
But Baker has no explanation for the wild stories told by the
|
||
|
therapists themselves, unless, he notes, they're "simply seeking
|
||
|
attention." Laibow, for instance, claims to have personally experienced
|
||
|
anomalous "healing," an event she says cannot be explained by
|
||
|
conventional medical science. As Laibow recalls, it was a muggy day in
|
||
|
August 1991 when she "trucked on down to Brooklyn to an unairconditioned
|
||
|
high-school auditorium filled with lots of Polish and Russian emigres.
|
||
|
"She sat for three hours, she says, watching Kiev-based psychiatrist and
|
||
|
self-proclaimed healer Anatoly Kashperovsky dance to New Age Gypsy music
|
||
|
and thought, "What's a nice girl like me doing in a place like this?"
|
||
|
|
||
|
Anyway, there was Laibow, watching Kashperovsky's performance,
|
||
|
impatient and skeptical and thinking, "This wouldn't work well at the
|
||
|
AMA," when suddenly," she says, "this Caesarean scar that I had, which
|
||
|
was thick and ropey and very prominent because I'd gotten an infection
|
||
|
immediately after the delivery of my son, began to tingle." As soon as
|
||
|
she could decorously take a peek, she hiked up her skirt and found to
|
||
|
her surprise that the scar was gone.
|
||
|
|
||
|
She immediately made an appointment with her gynecologist, "the head
|
||
|
of reproductive medicine at a major university," who, Laibow claims, was
|
||
|
shocked when all he could find was a very fine hairline scar. The
|
||
|
gynecologist, whom she will not name, was excited by her story. "Imagine
|
||
|
if we could do that," Laibow says he exclaimed. Laibow adds that the
|
||
|
gynecologist may be interested in collaborating on a future study of
|
||
|
healing. One possible subject: a Japanese healer who Laibow says "seems
|
||
|
to have some very substantial powers."
|
||
|
|
||
|
As founder of TREAT and raconteur of stories both marvelous and
|
||
|
strange, Laibow is controversial to say the least. But are the doctor
|
||
|
and her colleagues merely misguided, marrying their fortunes to the
|
||
|
winds of culture, much like those who touted fairies and dragons in eras
|
||
|
past? Or are they onto something new? Will their quest lead more
|
||
|
people to come forward with anomalous experiences and encounters,
|
||
|
providing the data necessary for proper scrutiny - perhaps even
|
||
|
authentication - by the scientific and medical communities at large? In
|
||
|
short, are these mental-health professionals fooling themselves, or are
|
||
|
they forging extraordinary paths through the byways of consciousness and
|
||
|
the murky outback of the unknown? To answer these questions, of course,
|
||
|
is to know the nature of the unknown, and that is something we humans
|
||
|
have ceaselessly attempted for thousands of years - so far, with out
|
||
|
much success.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
**********************************************
|
||
|
* THE U.F.O. BBS - http://www.ufobbs.com/ufo *
|
||
|
**********************************************
|