106 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
106 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
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Blast effects of nuclear bomb (this is for an 80 col. printout)
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All distances to effect in miles. Note: airburst distances in ( )
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Airburst for optimum damage for that effect, since the height of airburst
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changes these figures represent worst case. See example for fixed height
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results.
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MT 1psi 1.5 3 6 10 30 overpressure
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0.2 4(7.5) 3(6) 2(3.4) 1.3(1.8) 1(1.2) .55(.6)
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0.6 6(11) 4.5(9) 2.8(5) 1.8(2.6) 1.4(1.7) .8(.9)
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1.0 7(13) 5.5(10.5) 3.3(6) 2.2(3.2) 1.6(2) .95(1.05)
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5 12(23) 9(18) 5.5(10) 3.7(5.5) 2.7(3.5) 1.6(1.8)
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20 19(35) 14(28) 9(16) 6(8.5) 4.3(5.5) 2.5(3.4)
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(Update note: the 5 & 20 Megaton bombs only existed in old Soviet Bear and
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Bison class bombers and have been replaced with more modern 1 Megaton bombs.
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The old US Titan missiles with their 9 Megaton bombs were scraped during late
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1987 and early 1988)
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(fixed height of burst at 3,800 ft to maximize 30 PSI effect)
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1 MT 9 6.5 4 2.6 1.9 1.05
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(fixed height of burst at 8,500 ft to maximize 6 PSI effect)
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1 MT 11 9 5 3.2 2 not at ground zero
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(fixed height of burst at 15,500 ft to maximize 1 PSI effect)
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1 MT 13 10 4.8 1.7 neither obtainable at ground zero
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Note 1MT yields a fireball of about 3,600 feet in radius with a maximum height
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for contaminating burst of 3,000 feet.
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British Home Office blast catgories are
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Class. Degree of house damage PSI range
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A Complete/Debris 11+
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B Heavy/not repairable 6-11
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C Heavy to light 1.5-6
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D Light,glass & tile 0.75-1.5
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Examples of damage (from SURVIVING DOOMSDAY -Clayton, from tables in THE
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EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS 1977 -Gladstone)
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0.5 psi Private airplanes damaged but flyable, windows have light damage
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1.0 psi Windows heavily damaged, wood frame houses lightly damaged
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1.75 psi Some, but not all, glass shards capable of penetrating abdominal wall.
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2 psi Human body thrown hard enough to cause incapcitating injuries if standing
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3 psi Human body thrown hard enough to cause 1% fatalities if standing up.
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4 psi Forest road impassable due to fallen trees.
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5 psi Wood frame house collapse, 1% of eardrums rupture (in the elderly)
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6 psi Human body thrown hard enough to cause 99% fatalities
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7 psi Reinforced concrete houses lightly damaged
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15 psi Minor injury to lungs from overpressure (1 ATM)
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25 psi Reinforced concrete houses collapse
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35 psi Lung injuries cause 1% fatalities
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45 psi 99% of eardrums rupture (3 ATM)
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65 psi 99% fatalities from lung damage.
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Simple expiedent fallout shelters as described in Kearney's NUCLEAR WAR
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SURVIVAL SKILLS do provide protection from blast effects, even without
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installing home-made blast doors. These shelters can withstand the following
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without failure, the door over trench (5 psi) or pole over trench (7 psi).
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There would be injuries but not likely fatal and being in these shelters would
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afford a vastly more protection than being inside a typical house. The
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more complex expedient shelters such as the small pole shelter if installed
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with home-made blast doors can protect against up to 50 PSI!
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Note most domestic in-site blast shelters are typically 1 or 3 ATM designs.
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1 ATM (atmosphere) equals 15 psi.
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The FIGHTING CHANCE buried steel cylinder design is rated to 200 psi.
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Here is a table showing the high pressure ranges. (distances in FEET from
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ground zero for various Heights Of Burst for a 1KT (.001MT)
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HOB 100 PSI 200 500 1,000 2,000 5,000 10,000 peak overpressure
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0 FT 340' 265' 190' 155' 120' 90' 70'
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100' 345' 270' 205' 160' 120' 80' 50'
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150' 350' 270' 185' 115' 100' not obtainable at even ground zero
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200' 355' 270' 180' 120' not obtainable, even at ground zero
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250' 355' 270' 140' not obtainable, even at ground zero
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300' 350' 225' these pressures not obtainable, even at ground zero
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350' 330' 160' these pressures not obtainable, even at ground zero
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400' 280' these pressures not obtainable, even at ground zero
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450' 200' these pressures not obtainable, even at ground zero
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500' 40' these pressures not obtainable, even at ground zero
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A standard rule of thumb for recalculating blast effects for various sizes of
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bombs is to take the megatonage of the new bomb divide by the megatonage of
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the old bomb, take the cube root of the results and multiply that times the
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radius of blast effect. Example to compare a 1 KT (0.001 MT) to a 1,000 KT
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(1MT) 1,000 divided by 1 = 1,000. The cube root of 1,000 is 10
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(10x10x10=1,000). Therefore you can take the blast effect at X feet (or miles)
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for a 1 KT and multiply that distance by 10 to get approx. the same effect for
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a 1,000 KT bomb. Other common multipliers would be
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Mulitplier/divider cube/cube root 1 KT multiplier 1 MT divider
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2 2x2x2=8 8 KT 125 KT (0.125MT)
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3 3x3x3=27 27 KT 37 KT
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4 4x4x4=64 64 KT 16 KT
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5 5x5x5=125 125 KT 8 KT
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6 6x6x6=216 216 KT 4 KT
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7 7x7x7=343 343 KT 3 KT
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8 8x8x8=512 512 KT 2 KT
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9 9x9x9=729 729 KT 1 1/3 KT
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10 10x10x10=1,000 1,000 KT (1 MT) 1 KT
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So this shows that if you want to double the damage distance for a given size
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of bomb you need to increase the power by a factor of 8. If you want to double
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that distance again you need a bomb that is 8x8 or 64 times as powerful. This
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is why you can get the same amount of damage done with 10-40 KT bombs spread
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out as you can with a 1,000 KT (1 MT) bomb.
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