63 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
63 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
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<20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>
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<20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[x]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on Sir Sanford ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Fleming ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 09/94 # of Words:402 School: ? State: ?
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>Chop Here><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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Sir Sandford Fleming
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**********************
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Sandford Fleming was born at Kirkcaldy, Scotland in January 7, 1827.
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Sandford died at Halifax in July 22, 1915. He was a civil engine er. He
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was Canada's foremost railway surveyor and construction engine er of the
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19th century and a distinguished inventor and scientist.
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He came to Canada in 1845 and , after studying science and eng ineering
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in both Scotland and Canada, joined the engineer staff of the Ont ario,
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Simcoe and Huron Ry, becoming engineer in chief of the successor Northern
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Ry in 1857. In 1863 the Canadian government appointed him chief surveyor
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of the first portion of a portion of a proposed railway from Queb ec City
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to Halifax and Saint John. Subsequently built as the Intercoloni al
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railway. Fleming was its chief engineer. In 1871 he was appoint ed
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engineer of the proposed new Canadian railway from Montreal to th e Pacific
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Coast. He was in charge of the major surveys across the p rairies and
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through the Rocky Mountains. He proposed constructing the ra ilway along a
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northerly route through Edmonton and the Yellowhead Pass and then turning S
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to Burrard Inlet on the Pacific. Altrough his spe cific recommendations
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regarding the route were not followed, his extens ive survey work of
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various routes, including the Kicking Horse Pass t hrough which the
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Canadian Pacific main line was built , greatly facilita ted Canadian
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railway construction. In the early years of the 20th ce ntury the Canadian
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Northern railway work. He was a strong advocate of a telecommunication
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cable from Canada to Australia, which he believ e would become a vital
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communications link of the British Empire. The Pa cific Cable was
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successfully laid in 1902. He was also interested in th e development of a
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satisfactory world system of keeping time. The railway had made obsolete
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the old system where every major centre set it s clocks according to local
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astronomical conditions. Fleming advocated t he adoption of a standard or
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mean time and hourly variations from t hat according to established time
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zones. He was instrumental in con vening an International Prime Meridian
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conference in Washington in 1884 at which the system of inter national
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standard time-still in use to day-was adopted. Fleming also designed the
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first Canadian postage stamp , the 3-penny beaver, issued in 1851. He was
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created a CMG in 1877 an d a KCMG in 1897.
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