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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on the Clinton ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Health Plan ]
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[x]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 11/94 # of Words:1757 School: ? State: ?
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>Chop Here><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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Term Paper: The Clinton Health Plan
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The health care situation in the United States is in dire need of a
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change. The United States spends more money on health care per individual
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than any other nation in the world (14%of its GNP in 1991), and that amount
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is quickly rising. Virtually everyone, from doctors to politicians,
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recognize the unwieldy situation of health care in America, and realize
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that something must be done.
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In order to attempt to correct the failures of the current health care
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situation, one must understand the problems that led to the deterioration
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of the health care system. Perhaps the main problem with health care today
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is that there are 37 million Americans without insurance, and another 20
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million are underinsured
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Another large problem with the way health care is presently organized
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is - as Clinton helpfully points out - waste. Some common examples are:
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Paperwork: There are thousands of insurance companies in the US, and
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each one has many forms for doctors and patients to fill out. So much so,
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that doctors spend more time improving their handwriting than healing
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people.
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Greed and Profiteering: Some drug companies make over 10,000% profit on
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the drugs they manufacture. In 1991, the median income of doctors was
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$139,000 for general practitioners and $512,000 for specialists.
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Unneeded Surgery and Tests: Possibly 15 to 35% of certain types of
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operations and tests are unneeded. Malpractice Suits and "Defensive"
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Medicine: Doctors pay high premiums on malpractice insurance which causes
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them to charge more. The reason that these premiums are so high is because
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currently there are practically no limits to an amount that can be sued for
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pain and damages. Defensive medicine - procedures done to protect doctors
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from being sued - is costing this country greatly.
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Recognizing that waste is one of the greatest causes of the high prices
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in health care, Clinton has introduced a plan to revise the health care
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system by eliminating waste, and making sure that every single American can
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be covered by a health plan.
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Clinton's plan is based on three premises. First, that there is enough
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waste in the current health care system to cover the costs of his new plan.
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Second, that his plan will create competition within the insurance
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industry. Last, that his plan can put a cap on insurance prices.
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The core of Clinton's plan is to set up regional health alliances,
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which would buy insurance on behalf of thousands of consumers. A
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seven-member National Health Board will be set up to scrutinize the health
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alliances. The health alliances would be limited by the National Health
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Board by having price caps on the premiums, and by assuring that the health
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alliances will accept all applicants including those that are high-risk.
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Each health alliance will have three or four different options (HMO, fee
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for service, and combination plans) which the consumers could choose from.
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In the case of the employed, the insurance would be paid 80% by the
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employers and 20% by the employees. In the case of self- employed and
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non-employed, they would have to pay the full cost of the premiums by
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themselves, unless they qualify for government subsidies.
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The Clinton plan also will limit what types of operations are covered,
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and it puts restrictions on how long a person can stay in a hospital,
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nursing home, or rehabilitation center. It would also regulate the wages
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of specialists, and the prices of drugs.
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Overall, what Clinton's health care plan will do is put caps on
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insurance premiums thereby causing competition between insurers. It will
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also greatly reduce the waste by: reducing the paperwork enormously by
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having fewer insurance companies; removing unnecessary procedures by
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putting limits on the insurance. It will also decrease greed and
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profiteering by putting limits on doctor's salaries and on drug prices.
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The Clinton health care plan is not without its faults. One of the
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major problems is that it assumes that there is a tremendous amount of
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waste in the current system, but many people say that that is an over
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assumption. Another problem is that managed competition, (an attempt to
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create competition in the health-care market) might not work in the health
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care industry because everything is covered in premiums, and there is a
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third indirect party (insurance company), which does all the "buying and
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selling" of health services.
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Another problem, which is not a problem with the plan itself rather
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with getting it passed, is that there are many groups opposed to the
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Clinton plan.
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Many politicians do not like Clinton's plan because they feel that it
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is too hard on small businesses, forcing them to pay 80% of their
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employees' insurance, and because the Clinton plan does not limit pain and
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suffering damages for malpractice suits.All the insurance companies are
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obviously against Clinton's plan, because it will put restrictions on the
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premiums, and he will force the insurance companies to accept high-risk
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patients. Many of the large companies support Clinton's plan because they
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already pay the insurance for most of their employees', and all Clinton'
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plan will do is lower their premiums. But, many small businesses are
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against the plan because they do not currently pay any amount of their
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employees' premiums, and they feel that the plan will take a large chunk
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out of their profits and they will be forced to lower wages.
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The AMA (American Medical Association) is against many things in
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Clinton's plan, most importantly the imposition of cost controls and the
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failure to put financial limits on malpractice suits(In fact 600 doctors
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marched up the steps of Capital Hill "to defend their right to earn six
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times as much as the average American family, and still play golf on
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Wednesdays").
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In general, no one is happy at the way the health care situation is
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being handled now, but even though everyone accepts the fact that a change
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is needed, many people are skeptical about Clinton's health care plan. Yes,
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his plan sounds good on paper, but "will it work?" is what many people are
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wondering.
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Overall Clinton's plan is generally good. If it works it will provide
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universal coverage with controlled costs. If it works. The problem with
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Clinton's plan, and in fact any other plan is that it has to put limits on
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operations, research, and tests. Who is to set these limits that might
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decide whether a person might live or die?
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Clinton's plan also does not allow much for freedom of choice of
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doctors. Clinton is pushing the HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) part
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of his plan, and if one wants to choose his own doctor, he must pay a
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deductible and 20% of the costs of the visit.
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Americans, in general, do not want an HMO type system rather they want
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to be able to go to the doctor they choose. American people prefer a
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trusting doctor-patient relationship, if they know their doctor it makes
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life much easier.
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Clinton's plan also has a problem in that it does not limit the amount
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of money that can be sued for for pain and damages in a malpractice suit.
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If Clinton were to add a clause about limiting the sum of money that could
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be collected for malpractice suits, he would get a great deal more support
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from the AMA, and from doctors in general.
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Right now the health situation is America is very grave, and right now
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President Clinton has a possible solution. His plan does not make everyone
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happy, and it will not solve all our health problems no matter how
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successful it is, but then again no possible plan will resolve all our
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health care problems. There are many criticisms against Clinton's plan,
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but if we don't try, we definitely will not succeed.
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Endnotes
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Bibliography
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1.A New Framework for Health Care
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.3
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2.Bradsher, Keith Business Leaders Voice Skepticisms of Health Plan
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New York Times, October 8, 1993, p.26
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3.Church, George C. Lots of Second Opinions
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Time, October 27, 1993, pp.34-40
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4.Clift, Eleanor "Big Sister" and Critics
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Newsweek, November 1, 1993, pp.25-26
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5.Clift, Eleanor The Gender Wars
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Newsweek, October 4, 1993, p.50
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6.Clymer, Adam Growing Consensus On Covering All, But How?
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.1
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7.Cohn, Bob But What Does It Mean For Me?
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Newsweek, September 27, 1993, p.37
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8.Cohn, Bob The Power of Sin
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Newsweek, October, 4 1993, p.51
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9.Eckholm, Erik Moment of Decision for Health Care
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.1
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10.Eckholm, Erik More Choices, But Also More Costs
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.10
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11.Egan, Timothy Setting An Example For The Rest of The Nation
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.8
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12.Fineman, Howard Clinton's Hard Sell
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Newsweek, September 27, 1993, pp.34-36
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13.Freudenheim, Milt Medical-Industrial Complex':Who Wins
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.13
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14.Gibbs, Nancy Here Comes Dr. No
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Time, October 11, 1993, pp.26-29
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15.Goodgame, Dan Healthy Dissent
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Time, October 11, 1993, p.31
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16.Health Care:Clinton Plan, and The Alternatives
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New York Times, October 17, 1993, p.22
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17.Kerr, Peter Reshaping the Medical Marketplace
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November 14, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.11
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18.Kilborn, Peter T. Voices of the People:Struggles, Hope, and Fear
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A, p.1
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19.Kolata, Gina Catch-22:Lose Health, Lose Policy
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.4
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20.Kolata, Gina Will the Nation Be Healthier?...
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New York Times, October 17, 1993, p. 1
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21.Lewin, Tamar Those With Large Bills See Aid In Clinton Plan
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.10
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22.Lowther, William A Prescription for Change
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Maclean's, October 4, 1993, p.39
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23.Morganthau, Tom The Clinton Cure
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Newsweek, October 4, 1993, pp.36-45
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24.Morganthau, Tom The Clinton Solution
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Newsweek, September 20, 1993, pp.30-35
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25.Pear, Robert Delay on Health Care Reflects Task's Complexity
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New York Times, October 12, 1993, p.??
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26.Reinhold, Robert Amid Mountains of Paper, a War Against a Tide
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of Red Ink. New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.4
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27.Rosenthal, Elizabeth Confusion, Errors, and Fraud, In Medical
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Bills. New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.5
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28.Samuelson, Robert J. Health Care:How We Got Into This Mess
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Newsweek, October 4, 1993, pp. 30-35
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29.Rich, Thomas "A Walk In Space"
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Newsweek, October 4, 1993, pp.46-49
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30.Rich, Thomas Back To Smoke and Mirrors
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Newsweek, October 4, 1993, pp.36-37
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31.Whitney, Craig R. Coverage for All, With Choices
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.9
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32.Uchitelle, Louis Companies of All Sizes Tally Effects of Plan
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New York Times, November 14, 1993, Section 4A p.13
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