158 lines
9.4 KiB
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158 lines
9.4 KiB
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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay about 60s and ]
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[x]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [Freedom ]
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[ ]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Date: 06/94 # of Words:1313 School: All Girl/Priv State: NY
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>Chop Here><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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Most of the time, when thinking back to the sixties, people remember
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hearing about things such as sex, drugs, and racism. However, what they
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often tend to overlook is the large emphasis "freedoms" had on the era.
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This does not just refer to the freedoms already possessed by every
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American of the time. This focuses on the youth's fight to gain freedom or
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break away from the values and ideas left behind by the older generation.
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While some authors when writing about the sixties give serious accounts of
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the youths' fights to obtain these freedoms, others tend to take a
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different and more dramatic approach to showing the struggles involved in
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these fights. Yet, all of the authors have the same basic values and
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messages in mind. They all, more or less, aim to show the many freedoms
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which their generation was fighting for. These fights were used to help
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push for freedoms from areas such as society's rules and values,
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competition, living for others first, and the older generation's beliefs as
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a whole including the freedom to use drugs. The younger generation just
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wanted a chance to express their own views rather than having to constantly
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succumb to the values and rules left behind by the older generation.
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The two different approaches used by authors to express these views
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are often representative of the two main systems used by youths to help
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gain their freedoms. The first approach, taken by the Port Huron Statement
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and authors such as Gerzon, Reich, Revel and Gitlin, follows the ideals of
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the New Left. The New Left represents youths striving for political change
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through cultural means. People are encouraged to work for their ideals. In
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contrast, the second approach, taken by Rubin and Didion, reflect the
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ideals and mannerisms of the "Be-in" society. The "Be-ins" represent
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another group of youths who attempt to gain freedoms through more radical
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means. This group focuses on more idealistic goals. The members yearn for a
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utopian society. However, both groups feel that the youth in society should
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be able to express themselves and live their lives in their own way, not
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some way left behind by the previous generation.
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The way left behind by the older generations is greatly influenced by
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events which occurred during that time. Unfortunately, because of many of
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these events, Americans lost their sense of hopefulness in the American
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society.
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The reasons are various: the dreams of the older left were
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perverted by stalinism and never recreated; the congressional
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stalemate makes men narrow their view of the possible, the
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specialization of human activity leaves little room for sweeping
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thought; the horrors of the twentieth century, symbolized in the
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gas-ovens and concentration camps and atom bombs, have blasted
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hopefulness (Port Huron Statement 166)
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Unfortunately, however, these feelings possessed by the previous
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generation seemed to contribute to their views of man as "a thing to be
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manipulated, and that he is inherently incapable of directing his own
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affairs" (Port Huron 166). Supporters of the New Left disagree strongly
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with these views. In fact, the Port Huron Statement makes a point of
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cutting down these beliefs, claiming that the New Left will not support the
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idea of human beings as things or objects. Then the document takes it one
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step further in saying that the incompetence attributed to humans is, in
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fact, caused by the society in which they live. They have been manipulated
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into thinking they were incompetent by their surroundings (166). Reich even
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goes as far as to say that "it is a crime to allow oneself to become an
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instrumental being" (Reich 56).
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The older society, by viewing man as incapable of controlling his own
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life, has also led their generation to concentrate primarily on
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institutions, public interest, and society as the basic reality. However,
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the younger generation deals more with the self. One should be able to
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create their own values, lifestyle, and culture (Reich 56). Rubin seems to
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claim, in a more vocal manner, that the older generation has not left a
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place in the world for the younger generation to live. The older society
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has already done everything which can be done. Instead of helping the youth
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in society to learn about being themselves, they seem insistent on
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controlling the youth. They place them in schools to keep them off the
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streets, they send them away to Vietnam. The older members of society are
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only trying to keep the youth from spoiling what already exists. They are
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intent on molding the youth into what they want them to be, rather than
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what the youths want to be (Our Leaders Are Seven-Year Olds 41).
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Just as the New Leftists and Be-ins felt that everyone deserves the
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right to live for themselves and create their own lives, they also tried to
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emphasize "the absolute worth of every human being" (Reich 56). Therefore,
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they only agreed with the concept of competition in events of pleasure.
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However, in day to day life, "they do not measure others, they do not see
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themselves as something to struggle against....Instead of insisting that
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everyone is measured by given standards, the new generation values what is
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unique and different in each self" (Reich 57).
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In order to find these unique and different qualities in each other
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and themselves, the younger generation often turned to drugs. This was
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another freedom which they were required to fight for since the older
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generation did not support drug use as a source of pleasure or creativity.
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This could basically be considered an outright rejection of the older
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society's values. Drugs were also seen as a freedom from reality. They
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enabled the youths to escape to a different kind of world. In one of
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Rubin's works, it is implied that the people of that era considered drugs
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as a tool for love and peace. " 'There's got to be more love in this room:
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Roll some more joints'" (We Are All Human Be-ins 39). Because of the
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youths' great desire to achieve a univesal sense of peace and harmony,
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drugs were sometimes a very important part of one's life. Didion, by
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telling of her adventures with various families, often describes in great
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detail the importance these families placed on their drug usage. Sometimes,
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they would plan a day or evening around the use of a major drug so that
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they could enjoy it to the fullest extent. This could almost be considered
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ironic in the sense that while trying to gain one freedom, the ability to
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use drugs, the youths appeared to have lost another freedom, the ability to
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live their own lives. It seems more as if their lives were controlled by
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the drugs and the drugs' effects than by the people themselves.
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Drug use was perhaps, in actuality, one of the most obvious freedoms
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which the sixties generation aimed for. However, the people of that era
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also made it clear that they were after other freedoms, most of which
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involved a moral separation from the generation which came before them.
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Many of these freedoms were never fully gained. However, their attempts to
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gain them left a very noticeable impact on today's society. The freedoms
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may not be fully there, but many of the beliefs and values behind the
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struggle to acquire those freedoms are still there.
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WORKS CITED
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"The Port Huron Statement." The New Left: A Documentary
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History. Ed. Massimo Teodori. New York: The Bobbs-
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Merrill Co, 1969.
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Reich, Charles A. "The New Generation." American Values in
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Transition. Ed. Robert C. Bannister. New York:
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Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972.
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Rubin Jerry. "Our Leaders Are Seven- Year Olds." American
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Values in Transition. Ed. Robert C. Bannister. New
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York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972.
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Rubin, Jerry. "We Are All Human Be-ins." American Values in
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Transition. Ed. Robert C. Bannister. New York: Harcourt
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Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972.
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