193 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
193 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
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TUVALU
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 26 km2; land area: 26 km2
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Comparative area: about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 24 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to
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November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)
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Terrain: very low-lying and narrow coral atolls
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Natural resources: fish
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Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures
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0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 100%
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Environment: severe tropical storms are rare
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Note: located 3,000 km east of Papua New Guinea in the South
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Pacific Ocean
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PEOPLE
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Population: 9,317 (July 1991), growth rate 1.9% (1991)
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Birth rate: 29 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 10 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 33 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 61 years male, 63 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 3.1 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Tuvaluans(s); adjective--Tuvaluan
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Ethnic divisions: 96% Polynesian
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Religion: Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day
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Adventist 1.4%, Baha'i 1%, other 0.06%
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Language: Tuvaluan, English
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Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)
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Labor force: NA
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Organized labor: none
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: none
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Type: democracy
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Capital: Funafuti
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Administrative divisions: none
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Independence: 1 October 1978 (from UK; formerly Ellice Islands)
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Constitution: 1 October 1978
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National holiday: Independence Day, 1 October (1978)
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Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime
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minister, deputy prime minister, Cabinet
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Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (Palamene)
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Judicial branch: High Court
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Leaders:
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Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
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represented by Governor General Tupua LEUPENA (since 1 March 1986);
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Head of Government--Prime Minister Bikenibeu PAENIU (since 16
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October 1989); Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Alesana SELUKA (since October
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1989)
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Political parties and leaders: none
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Suffrage: universal at age 18
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Elections:
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Parliament--last held 28 September 1989 (next to be held by
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September 1993);
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results--percent of vote NA;
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seats--(12 total)
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Member of: ACP, C (special), ESCAP, SPC, SPF, UPU
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador (vacant);
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US--none
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Flag: light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side
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quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with
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nine yellow five-pointed stars symbolizing the nine islands
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ECONOMY
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Overview: Tuvalu consists of a scattered group of nine coral atolls
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with poor soil. The country has no known mineral resources and few
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exports. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic
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activities. The islands are too small and too remote for development of
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a tourist industry. Government revenues largely come from the sale of
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stamps and coins and worker remittances. Substantial income is received
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annually from an international trust fund established in 1987 by
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Australia, New Zealand, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South
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Korea.
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GNP: $4.6 million, per capita $530; real growth rate NA%
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(1989 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.9% (1984)
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Unemployment rate: NA%
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Budget: revenues $4.3 million; expenditures $4.3 million,
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including capital expenditures of $NA (1989)
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Exports: $1.0 million (f.o.b., 1983 est.);
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commodities--copra;
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partners--Fiji, Australia, NZ
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Imports: $2.8 million (c.i.f., 1983 est.);
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commodities--food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured
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goods;
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partners--Fiji, Australia, NZ
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External debt: $NA
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Industrial production: growth rate NA
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Electricity: 2,600 kW capacity; 3 million kWh produced,
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330 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industries: fishing, tourism, copra
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Agriculture: coconuts, copra
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Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $1
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million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
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(1970-87), $96 million
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Currency: Tuvaluan dollar and Australian dollar (plural--dollars);
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1 Tuvaluan dollar ($T) or 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents
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Exchange rates: Tuvaluan dollars ($T) or Australian dollars ($A)
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per US$1--1.2834 (January 1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752
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(1988), 1.4267 (1987), 1.4905 (1986), 1.4269 (1985)
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Fiscal year: NA
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Highways: 8 km gravel
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Ports: Funafuti, Nukufetau
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Merchant marine: 1 passenger-cargo (1,000 GRT or over) totaling
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1,043 GRT/450 DWT
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Civil air: no major transport aircraft
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Airports: 1 with runway 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: stations--1 AM, no FM, no TV; 300
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radiotelephones; 4,000 radios; 108 telephones
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: Police Force
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Manpower availability: NA
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Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
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