214 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
214 lines
17 KiB
Plaintext
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GIBRALTAR
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(dependent territory of the UK)
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 6.5 km2; land area: 6.5 km2
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Comparative area: about 11 times the size of The Mall in
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Washington, DC
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Land boundaries: 1.2 km with Spain
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Coastline: 12 km
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Maritime claims:
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Exclusive fishing zone: 3 nm;
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Territorial sea: 3 nm
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Disputes: source of occasional friction between Spain and the UK
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Climate: Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
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Terrain: a narrow coastal lowland borders The Rock
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Natural resources: negligible
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Land use: arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures
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0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 100%
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Environment: natural freshwater sources are meager so large
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water catchments (concrete or natural rock) collect rain water
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Note: strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links
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the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
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PEOPLE
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Population: 29,613 (July 1991), growth rate 0.1% (1991)
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Birth rate: 18 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: - 9 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 6 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 78 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 2.4 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Gibraltarian; adjective--Gibraltar
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Ethnic divisions: mostly Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, and
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Spanish descent
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Religion: Roman Catholic 74%, Protestant 11% (Church of England 8%,
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other 3%), Moslem 8%, Jewish 2%, none or other 5% (1981)
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Language: English and Spanish are primary languages; Italian,
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Portuguese, and Russian also spoken; English used in the schools and for
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official purposes
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Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)
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Labor force: about 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers); UK
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military establishments and civil government employ nearly 50% of the
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labor force
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Organized labor: over 6,000
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: none
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Type: dependent territory of the UK
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Capital: Gibraltar
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Administrative divisions: none (dependent territory of the UK)
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Independence: none (dependent territory of the UK)
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Constitution: 30 May 1969
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Legal system: English law
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National holiday: Commonwealth Day (second Monday of March),
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12 March 1990
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Executive branch: British monarch, governor, chief minister,
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Gibraltar Council, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
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Legislative branch: unicameral House of Assembly
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Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Court of Appeal
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Leaders:
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Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952),
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represented by Governor and Commander in Chief Adm. Sir Derek
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REFFELL (since NA 1989);
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Head of Government--Chief Minister Joe BOSSANO (since 25 March
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1988)
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Political parties and leaders:
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Socialist Labor Party (SL), Joe BOSSANO;
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Gibraltar Labor Party/Association for the Advancement of Civil
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Rights (GCL/AACR), Adolfo CANEPA;
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Independent Democratic Party, Joe PITALUGA
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Suffrage: universal at age 18, plus other UK subjects resident six
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months or more
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Elections:
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House of Assembly: last held on 24 March 1988 (next to be held
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March 1992);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(18 total, 15 elected) SL 8, GCL/AACR 7
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Communists: negligible
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Other political or pressure groups: Housewives Association, Chamber
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of Commerce, Gibraltar Representatives Organization
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Diplomatic representation: none (dependent territory of the UK)
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Flag: two horizontal bands of white (top, double-width) and red
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with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging
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from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
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ECONOMY
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Overview: The economy depends heavily on British defense
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expenditures, revenue from tourists, fees for services to shipping, and
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revenues from banking and finance activities. Because more than 70% of
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the economy is in the public sector, changes in government spending have
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a major impact on the level of employment. Construction workers are
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particularly affected when government expenditures are cut.
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GNP: $182 million, per capita $4,600; real growth rate 5% (FY87)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.6% (1988)
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Unemployment rate: NA%
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Budget: revenues $136 million; expenditures $139 million, including
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capital expenditures of NA (FY88)
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Exports: $82 million (1988);
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commodities--(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured
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goods 41%, other 8%;
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partners--UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, FRG
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Imports: $258 million (1988);
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commodities--fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs;
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partners--UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands
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External debt: $318 million (1987)
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Industrial production: growth rate NA%
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Electricity: 47,000 kW capacity; 200 million kWh produced,
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6,670 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industries: tourism, banking and finance, construction, commerce;
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support to large UK naval and air bases; transit trade and supply depot
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in the port; light manufacturing of tobacco, roasted coffee, ice, mineral
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waters, candy, beer, and canned fish
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Agriculture: NA
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Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $0.8
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million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
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(1970-88), $187 million
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Currency: Gibraltar pound (plural--pounds);
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1 Gibraltar pound (LG) = 100 pence
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Exchange rates: Gibraltar pounds (LG) per US$1--0.5171 (January
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1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987), 0.6817
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(1986), 0.7714 (1985); note--the Gibraltar pound is at par with the
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British pound
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Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Railroads: 1.000-meter-gauge system in dockyard area only
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Highways: 50 km, mostly good bitumen and concrete
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Ports: Gibraltar
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Merchant marine: 30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,399,594
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GRT/2,667,656 DWT; includes 6 cargo, 2 refrigerated cargo, 1 container,
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10 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 chemical tanker,
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1 combination oil/ore, 9 bulk; note--a flag of convenience registry
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Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft
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Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runway 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: adequate international radiocommunication
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facilities; automatic telephone system with 14,000 telephones;
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stations--1 AM, 6 FM, 4 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
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Note: defense is the responsibility of the UK
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