238 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
238 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
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CAPE VERDE
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GEOGRAPHY
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Total area: 4,030 km2; land area: 4,030 km2
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Comparative area: slightly larger than Rhode Island
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Land boundaries: none
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Coastline: 965 km
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Maritime claims: (measured from claimed archipelagic baselines);
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Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
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Territorial sea: 12 nm
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Climate: temperate; warm, dry, summer precipitation very erratic
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Terrain: steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
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Natural resources: salt, basalt rock, pozzolana, limestone, kaolin,
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fish
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Land use: arable land 9%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and
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pastures 6%; forest and woodland NEGL%; other 85%; includes irrigated
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1%
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Environment: subject to prolonged droughts; harmattan wind can
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obscure visibility; volcanically and seismically active; deforestation;
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overgrazing
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Note: strategic location 500 km from African coast near major
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north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea
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and air refueling site
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PEOPLE
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Population: 386,501 (July 1991), growth rate 3.0% (1991)
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Birth rate: 48 births/1,000 population (1991)
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Death rate: 10 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
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Net migration rate: - 8 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
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Infant mortality rate: 63 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
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Life expectancy at birth: 60 years male, 63 years female (1991)
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Total fertility rate: 6.6 children born/woman (1991)
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Nationality: noun--Cape Verdean(s); adjective--Cape Verdean
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Ethnic divisions: Creole (mulatto) about 71%, African 28%, European
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1%
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Religion: Roman Catholicism fused with indigenous beliefs
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Language: Portuguese and Crioulo, a blend of Portuguese and West
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African words
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Literacy: 66% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can
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read and write (1989 est.)
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Labor force: 102,000 (1985 est.); agriculture (mostly subsistence)
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57%, services 29%, industry 14% (1981); 51% of population of working age
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(1985)
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Organized labor: Trade Unions of Cape Verde Unity Center (UNTC-CS)
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GOVERNMENT
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Long-form name: Republic of Cape Verde
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Type: republic
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Capital: Praia
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Administrative divisions: 14 districts (concelhos,
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singular--concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Fogo, Maio, Paul, Praia, Porto
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Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Nicolau,
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Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
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Independence: 5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
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Constitution: 7 September 1980; amended 12 February 1981,
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NA December 1988, and 28 September 1990 (legalized opposition parties)
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National holiday: Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
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Executive branch: president, prime minister, deputy minister,
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secretaries of state, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
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Legislative branch: unicameral People's National Assembly
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(Assembleia Nacional Popular)
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Judicial branch: Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Supremo Tribunal de
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Justia)
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Leaders:
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Chief of State--President Antonio Mascarenhas MONTEIRO (since
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22 March 1991);
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Head of Government--Prime Minister Carlos VEIGA (since
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13 January 1991)
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Political parties and leaders:
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Movement for Democracy (MPD), Prime Minister Carlos VEIGA, founder and
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chairman;
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African Party for Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV), Pedro
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Verona Rodrigues PIRES, chairman
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Suffrage: universal at age 18
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Elections:
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President--last held 17 February 1991 (next to be held
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February 1996);
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results--Antonio Mascarenhas MONTEIRO (MPD) received 72.6% of vote;
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People's National Assembly--last held 13 January 1991 (next
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to be held January 1996);
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results--percent of vote by party NA;
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seats--(79 total) MPD 56, PAICV 23; note--this multiparty Assembly
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election ended 15 years of single-party rule
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Communists: no Communist party
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Member of: ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA,
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IFAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, IOM (observer), ITU, LORCS,
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NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WMO
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Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Luis de Matos Monteiro da
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FONSECA; Chancery at 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC 20007;
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telephone (202) 965-6820; there is a Cape Verdean Consulate General in
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Boston;
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US--Ambassador Francis T. (Terry) McNAMARA; Embassy at Rua Hojl Ya
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Yenna 81, Praia (mailing address is C. P. 201, Praia); telephone
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238 614-363 or 614-253
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Flag: two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and green with
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a vertical red band on the hoist side; in the upper portion of the red
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band is a black five-pointed star framed by two corn stalks and a
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yellow clam shell; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia;
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similar to the flag of Guinea-Bissau which is longer and has an
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unadorned black star centered in the red band
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ECONOMY
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Overview: Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural
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resource base, a 17-year drought, and a high birthrate. The economy is
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service oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services
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accounting for 65% of GDP during the period 1985-88. Although nearly
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70% of the population lives in rural areas, agriculture's share of GDP is
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only 16%; the fishing sector accounts for 4%. About 90% of food must be
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imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully
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exploited. In 1988 fishing represented only 3.5% of GDP. Cape Verde
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annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by remittances from
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emigrants and foreign aid.
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GDP: $262 million, per capita $740; real growth rate 3.2%
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(1988 est.)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8.2% (1988 est.)
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Unemployment rate: 25% (1988)
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Budget: revenues $98.3 million; expenditures $138.4
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million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)
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Exports: $10.9 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);
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commodities--fish, bananas, salt;
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partners--Portugal, Angola, Algeria, France, Italy
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Imports: $107.8 million (c.i.f., 1989);
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commodities--petroleum, foodstuffs, consumer goods, industrial
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products;
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partners--Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, France, Brazil, FRG
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External debt: $150 million (December 1990 est.)
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Industrial production: growth rate 18% (1988 est.); accounts for
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7% of GDP
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Electricity: 13,000 kW capacity; 15 million kWh produced,
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40 kWh per capita (1990)
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Industry: fish processing, salt mining, clothing factories, ship
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repair, construction materials, food and beverage production
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Agriculture: accounts for 16% of GDP; largely subsistence farming;
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bananas are the only export crop; other crops--corn, beans, sweet
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potatoes, coffee; growth potential of agricultural sector limited by
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poor soils and limited rainfall; annual food imports required; fish catch
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provides for both domestic consumption and small exports
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Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY75-89), $88
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million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
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(1970-88), $590 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $12 million;
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Communist countries (1970-88), $36 million
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Currency: Cape Verdean escudo (plural--escudos); 1 Cape Verdean
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escudo (CVEsc) = 100 centavos
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Exchange rates: Cape Verdean escudos (CVEsc) per
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US$1--64.10 (November 1990), 74.86 (December 1989), 72.01 (1988), 72.5
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(1987), 76.56 (1986), 85.38 (1985)
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Fiscal year: calendar year
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COMMUNICATIONS
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Ports: Mindelo and Praia
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Merchant marine: 7 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,708
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GRT/19,000 DWT
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Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft (4 owned, 1 leased)
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Airports: 6 total, 6 usable; 6 with permanent-surface runways;
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none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 1 with
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runways 1,220-2,439 m
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Telecommunications: interisland radio relay system, high-frequency
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radio to mainland Portugal and Guinea-Bissau; 1,740 telephones;
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stations--5 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV; 2 coaxial submarine cables; 1 Atlantic Ocean
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INTELSAT earth station
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DEFENSE FORCES
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Branches: People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP)--Army and
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Navy are separate components of FARP; Militia, Security Service
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Manpower availability: males 15-49, 70,771; 41,844 fit for military
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service
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Defense expenditures: $15 million, 11% of GDP (1981)
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