172 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
172 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
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MIDI 1.0 Specification:
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Status Data Byte(s) Description
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D7----D0 D7----D0
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Channel Voice Messages
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1000cccc 0nnnnnnn Note Off event.
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0vvvvvvv This message is sent when a
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note is released (ended).
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(nnnnnnn) is the note number.
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(vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
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1001cccc 0nnnnnnn Note On event.
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0vvvvvvv This message is sent when a
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note is depressed (start).
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(nnnnnnn) is the note number.
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(vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
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1010cccc 0nnnnnnn Polyphonic Key Pressure (After-touch).
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0vvvvvvv This message is sent when the pressure
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(velocity) of a previously
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triggered note changes.
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(nnnnnnn) is the note number.
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(vvvvvvv) is the new velocity.
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1011cccc 0ccccccc Control Change.
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0vvvvvvv This message is sent when a controller
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value changes. Controllers include devices
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such as pedals and levers.
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Certain controller numbers are reserved
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for specific purposes. See Channel Mode Messages.
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(ccccccc) is the controller number.
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(vvvvvvv) is the new value.
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1100cccc 0ppppppp Program Change.
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This message sent when the patch number changes.
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(ppppppp) is the new program number.
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1101nnnn 0ccccccc Channel Pressure (After-touch).
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This message is sent when the channel pressure
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changes. Some velocity-sensing keyboards do not
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support polyphonic after-touch. Use this
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message to send the single greatest velocity
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(of all te current depressed keys).
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(ccccccc) is the channel number.
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1110nnnn 0lllllll Pitch Wheel Change.
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0mmmmmmm This message is sent to indicate a change in the
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pitch wheel. The pitch wheel is measured by a
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fourteen bit value. Center (no pitch change) is
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2000H. Sensitivity is a function of the
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transmitter.
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(llllll) are the least significant 7 bits.
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(mmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Channel Mode Messages (See also Control Change, above)
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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1011nnnn 0ccccccc Channel Mode Messages.
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0vvvvvvv This the same code as the Control
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Change (above), but implements Mode
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control by using reserved controller
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numbers. The numbers are:
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Local Control.
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When Local Control is Off, all devices
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on a given channel will respond only to
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data received over MIDI. Played data, etc.
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will be ignored. Local Control On
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restores the functions of the normal
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controllers.
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c = 122, v = 0: Local Control Off
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c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
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All Notes Off.
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When an All Notes Off is received,
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all oscillators will turn off.
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c = 123, v = 0: All Notes Off
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(See text for description of actual
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mode commands.)
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c = 124, v = 0: Omni Mode Off
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c = 125, v = 0: Omni Mode On
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c = 126, v = M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off)
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where M is the number of channels
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(Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On)
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c = 127, v = 0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off)
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(Note: These four messages also cause
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All Notes Off)
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.pa
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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System Common Messages
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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11110000 0iiiiiii System Exclusive.
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0ddddddd This message makes up for all that MIDI
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.. doesn't support. (iiiiiii) is a seven
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.. bit Manufacturer's I.D. code. If the
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0ddddddd synthesizer recognizes the I.D. code as
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11110111 its own, it will listen to the rest of
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the message (ddddddd). Otherwise, the
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message will be ignored. System Exclusive
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is used to send bulk dumps such as patch
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parameters and other non-spec data.
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(Note: Real-Time messages ONLY may be
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interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
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11110001 Undefined.
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11110010 0lllllll Song Position Pointer.
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0mmmmmmm This is an internal 14 bit register that
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holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat=
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six MIDI clocks) since the start of
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the song. l is the LSB, m the MSB.
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11110011 0sssssss Song Select.
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The Song Select specifies which sequence
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or song is to be played.
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11110100 Undefined.
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11110101 Undefined.
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11110110 Tune Request.
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Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog
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sythesizers should tune their oscillators.
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11110111 End of Exclusive.
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Used to terminate a System Exclusive
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dump (see above).
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.pa
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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System Real-Time Messages
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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11111000 Timing Clock.
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Sent 24 times per quarter note when
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synchronization is required (see text).
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11111001 Undefined.
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11111010 Start.
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Start the current sequence playing.
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(This message will be followed with
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Timing Clocks).
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11111011 Continue.
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Continue at the point the sequence was
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Stopped.
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11111100 Stop.
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Stop the current sequence.
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11111101 Undefined.
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11111110 Active Sensing.
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Use of this message is optional. When
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initially sent, the receiver will expect
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to receive another Active Sensing message
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each 300ms (max), or it will be assume
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that the connection has been terminated.
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At termination, the receiver will turn off
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all voices and return to normal (non-
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active sensing) operation.
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11111111 Reset.
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Reset all receivers in the system to
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power-up status. This should be used
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sparingly, preferably under manual
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control. In particular, it should not
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be sent on power-up.
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-- Greg, lee@uhccux.uhcc.hawaii.edu
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