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759 lines
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Computer underground Digest Sun 8 Nov, 1998 Volume 10 : Issue 55
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ISSN 1004-042X
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Editor: Jim Thomas (cudigest@sun.soci.niu.edu)
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News Editor: Gordon Meyer (gmeyer@sun.soci.niu.edu)
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Archivist: Brendan Kehoe
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Shadow Master: Stanton McCandlish
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Shadow-Archivists: Dan Carosone / Paul Southworth
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Ralph Sims / Jyrki Kuoppala
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Ian Dickinson
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Field Agent Extraordinaire: David Smith
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Cu Digest Homepage: http://www.soci.niu.edu/~cudigest
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CONTENTS, #10.55 (Sun, 8 Nov, 1998)
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File 1--Islands in the Clickstream. A Vision of Possibilities
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File 2--TechnoCalyps
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File 3--Fwd: Porn Case Photos May Be Published
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File 4--Lawsuit Filed Against New Censorship Law
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File 5--POLICY POST 4.18: CDT PROMOTES INTERNET ADVOCACY ACTIVITIES IN
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File 6--Cu Digest Header Info (unchanged since 25 Apr, 1998)
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CuD ADMINISTRATIVE, EDITORIAL, AND SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION APPEARS IN
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THE CONCLUDING FILE AT THE END OF EACH ISSUE.
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Date: Mon, 26 Oct 1998 11:09:54 -0600
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From: Richard Thieme <rthieme@thiemeworks.com>
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Subject: File 1--Islands in the Clickstream. A Vision of Possibilities
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Islands in the Clickstream:
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A Vision of Possibilities
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It is one thing (some would say the only thing) to apprehend that clear
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focus inside our own field of subjectivity that enables us to aim our lives
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with greater precision and another thing to begin building a different
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construction of reality based on the modular building blocks provided by
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our society. But that construction - ultimately defining a very different
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universe - will still be animated by our intentionality. The ghost in the
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machine will still be a ghost.
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Three domains that currently converge in a way that radically redefines our
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possibilities are (1) the transformation of our perceptual field by virtue
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of our interaction with technologies of information and communication; (2)
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the redefinition of what it means to inhabit a "human space" as we begin to
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genetically engineer our field of subjectivity, affective states, and
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modalities of being; and (3) the evolution of a trans-planetary
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civilization including our designed descendents and other intelligent
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species in our galactic neighborhood.
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Those of us old enough to straddle the icebergs of rapidly diverging
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paradigms know that sooner or later we have to jump and live inside a
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relatively consistent model of reality. The digital model, the model
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enabled by digital interaction, is becoming dominant. We internalize a view
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of the landscape by internalizing first the forms of the media that convey
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images of that landscape to our brains. The medium is the message, as
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McLuhan said. Both the eye and our extensions of the eye define our field
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of view. We can see this because we still live near the terminator on the
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moon, where the contrast between light and darkness throws mountains and
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rills into sharp relief. When the moon is full, its features dissolve, and
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when it's all darkness, there's nothing to see. Liminal vision is razor-sharp.
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The digital landscape is interactive, modular, and fluid. So how we
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construct reality is too.
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This is noticeable when people complain about the loss of security that
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they once felt. A friend said last night with some resentment,
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"Organizations used to be loyal to employees and employees to
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organizations. Not any more." What he meant, I believe, was that the
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construction of reality he used to share with others in an unexamined
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consensus sustained the illusion that cultural artifacts, including
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organizational structures, were more permanent. Our organizational
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structures - including nations, world religions, and "the earth" as a point
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of reference for our thinking - are top-level consensual constructions
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fused with the media that filter the data of our lives. The media create
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the infrastructure of our collective thinking in their image.
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But so do our genes. We are discovering that thinking and feeling are
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expressions of our genetic code.
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A consumer society in which we swap simulations like children trading
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baseball cards has long conditioned us to accept the "manufacture of
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consent" in every domain of our lives. A generation before Chomsky wrote
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"Manufacturing Consent," Edward Bernays, the "father of spin," wrote
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"Engineering Consent." Bernays understood that creating a particular
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context always generates a particular content. (He assisted book publishers
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whose sales were declining, for example, by soliciting testimonials on the
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importance of reading, then took the affidavits to architects who agreed to
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build houses with built-in bookshelves. New homeowners, not even noticing,
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stocked those shelves with books).
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The use of images to collect individuals in groups, then move those groups,
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is an ancient practice. But now we will engineer the kinds of human beings
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available for binding and bonding in the first place.
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The practice of genetic engineering will dovetail with refined practices of
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social engineering. Most of it will go unnoticed. Subcultures that pride
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themselves on independent thinking, for example, are a good gill net in
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which such people can be collected, observed, or manipulated. That's much
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more effective for social control than repression of such tendencies and
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their social expressions. We may find it desirable to build larger
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percentages of people amenable to such manipulation.
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That practice would simply extend what we call "education" onto the
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practical level of biomechanics. Fractal levels of self-control by the body
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politic will manifest in whatever media are available. Ethicists will
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object, but the cries of ethicists always follow the emergence of the
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practice they decry.
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Last but not least, our identity as "citizens of the earth" - which
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intensified as a point of reference when the first photograph of the earth
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seen from the moon became part of our collective awareness - will be, in
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the not too distant future, a historical memory, much like biblical tribes
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in the memories of Jews, Christians, and Moslems. Whether we persist as a
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distinct identity, like Jews, or vanish in the gene pool, like Jebusites
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and Perizzites, is impossible to predict.
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Our constructions of reality will change when we couple our current modular
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thinking with the modules of beings who have different genetic structures
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and reference a different cosmology. The challenging process of negotiating
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realities as we engage with the perspective of other species will reveal
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what it means to be human-on-earth. If a "human" point of reference
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persists, it will be profoundly altered by that encounter.
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My experience in Hawaii taught me that the Hawaiian construction of reality
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shattered when Captain Cook sailed into Kealakekua Bay. Nearly two hundred
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years later, in the nineteen sixties, when consciousness-raising activities
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became pervasive in the dominant culture, their descendents reconstructed
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Hawaiian culture, but as it was seen through the prism of the dominant
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culture. Hawaiian culture today is a reflection in the eye of the
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assimilating culture, a simulation built to the blueprints of archeologists
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and imagineers.
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The moment we see ourselves as we are perceived by another, we become
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someone else, neither who we were nor who they think we are.
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How we design the reality factories of our genetic structures and link them
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in digital simulations in a trans-planetary context so much more vast than
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the thinking life of our little planet has imagined - well, at the least,
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life in the next century will not be devoid of interest.
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**********************************************************************
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Islands in the Clickstream is a weekly column written by
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Richard Thieme exploring social and cultural dimensions
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of computer technology. Comments are welcome.
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Feel free to pass along columns for personal use, retaining this
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signature file. If interested in (1) publishing columns
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online or in print, (2) giving a free subscription as a gift, or
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(3) distributing Islands to employees or over a network,
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email for details.
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To subscribe to Islands in the Clickstream, send email to
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rthieme@thiemeworks.com with the words "subscribe islands" in the
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body of the message. To unsubscribe, email with "unsubscribe
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islands" in the body of the message.
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Richard Thieme is a professional speaker, consultant, and writer
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focused on the impact of computer technology on individuals and
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organizations.
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Islands in the Clickstream (c) Richard Thieme, 1998. All rights reserved.
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ThiemeWorks on the Web: http://www.thiemeworks.com
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ThiemeWorks P. O. Box 17737 Milwaukee WI 53217-0737 414.351.2321
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------------------------------
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Date: Sun, 1 Nov 1998 13:04:06 +0100 (MET)
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From: Michel Bauwens <mbauwens@skynet.be>
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Subject: File 2--TechnoCalyps
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I'm preparing, together with Belgian director Frank Theys, a 3-part TV
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documentary on the cyber-sacred (entitled 'TechnoCalyps'), and, in that
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context have drawn up some theses/hypotheses on the occasion of the
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Locarno Video Art Festival (http://sgwww.epfl.ch/UF/)
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Perhaps they can be of interest to CUD readers as well.
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Michel Bauwens
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==================
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Avant_Garde6. Is a new kind of basis of
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society - the "cyber-sacred" - beginning to take shape?
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Some hypothesises to understand the 'cyber-sacred'
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By Michel Bauwens, <<mbauwens@skynet.be>
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1. The technological quest is a spiritual quest
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I'd like to start with the premise that the quest for the
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transcendental is in fact 'wired' in the human psyche. Even if we are
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not spriritually or religiously inclined, we cannot escape thinking
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about our relationship with the 'totality' of existence, and forbid our
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souls to yearn for an escape from the humane condition and our
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inescapable death.
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Hence I believe that the history of human civilisation can be
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characterised by a kind of competition between spritual transhumanism
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and matieralistic or technological transhumanism. For thousands of
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years humankind has chosen the first route, believing that there was a
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transcendental 'supernatural' reality beyond the material world, but
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which could be accessed through inner development. This gave rise to
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traditional societies such as the HIndu civilisation, medieval
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Christianity, etc...where society was more or less organised to support
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that quest, by creating a social infranstructure to permit certain
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layers of the population to devote themselves to that quest.
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For a series of complex reasons, outside of the scope of this essay, a
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break occured in the Christian West. Spirituality became a creed or
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belief, without any realistic spiritual 'technology' to actually
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achieve salvation or human liberation, the result being that from the
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Renaissance onwards, this liberation was no longer sought in the
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spiritual realm but in the material realm, and a process of
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secularisation began.
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However, what used to be sought in the supernatural, was sought in
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material reality, and science and technology became a means to achieve
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transcendence. As explained by David Noble in 'The Religion of
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Technology', this relationship between technology and spirituality has
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often been quite explicit, and always implicit. Hence technology is
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actually carrying out a religious program for immortality, a utopian
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'New Heaven and a New Earth. Where I differ with David Noble is that he
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believes such a relationship is wrong and that science and technology
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should be decontaminated, while I would argue that transcendence being
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inherent in our condition, we should merely be conscious of it, but it
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is otherwise unavoidable.
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I'd also like to point out the Hindu notion, put forward by Richard
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Thompson (author of 'Alien Identities' and 'Forbidden Archeology') that
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for each yogic power, there is an equivalent technology being put in
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place in the material world; and it echo in Hasidic Judaism, which
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considers that technology is putting in place material proofs of divine
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powers (as explained by Jozef Kazen of the Chabad website). Here it
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becomes very clear that behind the technological quest, there is a
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programmatic blueprint which comes straight out of our spiritual
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traditions.
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2. The spiritual unconscious can cause damage if it is not brought to
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awareness
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Like all unconscious personal and societal content, it can cause damage
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when it is not brought under the light of reason and consciousness.
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Hence there is a lot of hubris in current technology (and the social
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forces promoting it) that could be detrimental to our human future,
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with an unspoken yearning to go beyond our bodily condition (the theme
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of the obsoleteness of the body), beyond our minds (replacing it with
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superior artificial intelligences) and in fact, beyond the human. Quite
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an important percentage of the discourse on the cyber-sacred could fall
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in that category, and I'm particularly thinking of movements such as
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the Extropians, the transhumanist philosophy, and authors like Hans
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Moravec, Frank Tipler, etc...
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3. Technological transcendence is not real transcendence
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I have no clear position on the realism of current technological
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transhuman or posthuman aims, and whether things like extreme
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longetivity, mind downloading, and such are really possible. However,
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it can be said that even if they are realisable, this technological
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transcendence is not real transcendence. Indeed, what
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techno-transhumanis wants to achieve is longer life, more time; having
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control over more space, etc.. Itall stays on the horizontal axis,
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stays within time and space, and doesn't actually go beyond it, doesn't
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move on the vertical axis. Hence technological transhumanism can in no
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real sense ever replace the need for genuine spirituality.
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4. Technological development can/does stimulate spiritual awareness
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This positive statement may surprise after my previous criticism but
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yes, there is a sense in which technology stimulates spiritual
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awareness. I'd like to refer to the works of Jean Gebser (The
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Ever-Present Origin) and especially Ken Wilber (The Spectrum of
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Consciousness) with their viewpoint on the evolution of human
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consciousness through time, establishing a clear link between the
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psycho-genesis of the individual human mind, and the socio-genesis of
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civilisations, showing that the latter move along the same stages than
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the individual in his spiritual maturation. Wilber makes the
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interesting and crucial distinction when he shows that there are two
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lines of development. One for advanced practitioners and spiritual
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realisers with an evolution from shamans to saints to budhas, each
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'generation' building on the knowledge of its predecessors. Another
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line concerns the broader population, and here, there is an absolutely
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clear link, in a Marxian sense, between the general level of
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communicative technology, and the average level of awareness of a given
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society. Hence, yes, in this specific sense, the globalising technology
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of the internet will in all likelyhood lead to a 'jump' towards some
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kind of more planetary consciousness. (this process, depending on the
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human will, maturation, and a host of subjective factors, is of course
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not automatic, and hence, regression would be possible, and
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catastrophic, and of course, we can all see the many reallly regressive
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forces at work, such as fundamentalism, cultism, etc..), or in other
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words, when the 'hardware' changes, the software (our humans minds)
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should follow. Both Gebser and Wilber define the new state of
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consciousness which has been budding during this century and is being
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stimulated by the new technological infrastructure as "vision-logic',
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the first transpersonal state beyond pure rationality. I am posting a
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separate article explaining these perhaps complicated or even enigmatic
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notions (see the essay 'Ken Wilber and Cyberspace'). Hence, when we
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speak of the cyber-sacred, we should say what exactly we mean, and I'm
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certainly not suggesting a new agey notion of universal harmony, but
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yes, a broadening of the human mind seems in the cards.
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We should be very careful in distinguishing the transrational (i.e.
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trans-mental states such as when one is contemplating one's own mind's
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workings in meditation) states, from the pre- or infrarational states.
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In our opinion, lots of the so-called cyber-spirituality can be or is
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regressive, such as the trance-inducing and pharmaceutically aided
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techno music. While perhaps in a sense temporarily liberating in terms
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of the control of the self, these techniques are in no way a guarantee
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for spiritual maturation.
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5. Spiritual development is necessary to technological development
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It seems pretty certain that with technology giving us 'transhuman'
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powers over our environment and ourselves, we do need an additional
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level of spiritual development as well. Technology has many negative
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influences over the quality of our life (an increase in the 'speed of
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life', is just one), where spiritual techniques can help. To mention
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but a few: the rules of sacred architecture (and its power to create
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restful minds) could be used to create vivogenic (livable,
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life-enhancing) cyberspaces, a notion put forward by VRML-founder and
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techno-pagan Mark Pesce and practiced by Michael Heim. Think of notions
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such as the possible development of some kind of "cyber-feng shui."
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Spiritual psycho-technologies (and body-work techniques) such as
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meditation, contemplation, relaxation, concentration, yoga and such,
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will become necessary complements to our sedentary lifestyles, and the
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stress induced by hyper-technology. Technologies such as the internet
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continuously draw our consciousness out to the external material world
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(or rather, the 'materialisation of our culture' in cyberspace format),
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and make it ever so difficult to look at ourselves and our functioning,
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and a counterforce is an absolute necessity for mental and spiritual
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balance.
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6. Technological and spiritual transhumanism should not bej opposed,
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but integrated
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Technological transhumanism is totally legitimate and will undoubtedly
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bring a number of important benefits for our social and bodily
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wellbeing (in terms of better health, increased lifespans, etc..).
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Spiritual transhumanism is equally necessary for our individual and
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social growth and further evolution.
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Well understood, both can be complimentary. The central task of our
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current epoch is to spiritualise technology (by becoming conscious of
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the unconscious drives that push it forward, and using it in positive
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ways) on the one hand, and to 'technologise' spirituality on the other
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hand. By drawing out the valid psycho-technologies within the core of
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religious traditions, purifying it from the layers of belief and
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literal myth. Or in other words, in a more broader sense: we need to
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spiritualise rationality, and to rationalise spirituality. Only when
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this is achieved, can one really talk about the cyber-sacred in any
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real sense.
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Recommend books to explore the issue: David Noble's THE RELIGION OF
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TECHNOLOGY, Jennifer Cobb's CYBERGRACE, Eric Davis' TECHGNOSIS. Own
|
||
|
articles and essays are in the Reading Room of KyberCo,
|
||
|
http://www.kyberco.com/articles
|
||
|
|
||
|
------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Date: Thu, 5 Nov 1998 12:40:00 EST
|
||
|
From: cudigest@venus.soci.niu.edu
|
||
|
Subject: File 3--Fwd: Porn Case Photos May Be Published
|
||
|
|
||
|
From--AOLNews@aol.com
|
||
|
Date--Mon, 2 Nov 1998 03:12:38 EST
|
||
|
|
||
|
Porn Case Photos May Be Published
|
||
|
|
||
|
.c The Associated Press
|
||
|
|
||
|
LONDON (AP) -- British police want to publish photographs of the
|
||
|
400 victims of an Internet child pornography ring so they can
|
||
|
identify them and prevent further abuse, newspapers reported
|
||
|
today.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The British National Crime Squad, which coordinated the
|
||
|
international crackdown on the Wonderland Club pornography ring
|
||
|
in September, said it would propose publishing the photographs in
|
||
|
newspapers and on television.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<snip>
|
||
|
|
||
|
The National Crime Squad will discuss the plan next month with
|
||
|
the other police forces involved, The Daily Telegraph reported.
|
||
|
|
||
|
On Sept. 2, police in 12 countries raided the homes of more than
|
||
|
100 suspected pedophiles to break the Internet club, which
|
||
|
authorities said exchanged pornographic pictures of children as
|
||
|
young as 2 on the Internet.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<snip>
|
||
|
|
||
|
The countries involved in the raids included Australia, Austria,
|
||
|
Belgium, Britain, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway,
|
||
|
Portugal, Sweden and the United States.
|
||
|
|
||
|
------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Date: Wed, 28 Oct 1998 18:59:16 -0500
|
||
|
From: "EPIC-News List" <epic-news@epic.org>
|
||
|
Subject: File 4--Lawsuit Filed Against New Censorship Law
|
||
|
|
||
|
Source: Epic Alert: Volume 5.15, October 28, 1998
|
||
|
|
||
|
Published by the
|
||
|
Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)
|
||
|
Washington, D.C.
|
||
|
|
||
|
http://www.epic.org
|
||
|
|
||
|
=======================================================================
|
||
|
[1] Lawsuit Filed Against New Censorship Law
|
||
|
=======================================================================
|
||
|
|
||
|
EPIC has joined other online civil liberties groups in a court
|
||
|
challenge to the new federal Internet censorship bill signed by
|
||
|
President Clinton as part of the omnibus budget package. The lawsuit,
|
||
|
filed in Philadelphia on October 22, asserts that the "Child Online
|
||
|
Protection Act" will violate both the free speech and privacy rights
|
||
|
of Internet users. The case is being litigated by EPIC, the American
|
||
|
Civil Liberties Union and the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
|
||
|
Demonstrating the range of speech affected, the list of plaintiffs
|
||
|
includes the Internet Content Coalition, a member group including Time
|
||
|
Inc., Warner Bros., C/NET and The New York Times Online; OBGYN.Net, a
|
||
|
women's health website; Philadelphia Gay News; and Salon Magazine.
|
||
|
|
||
|
In February 1996, EPIC, ACLU and EFF filed a challenge to the
|
||
|
ill-fated Communications Decency Act. A three-judge federal panel in
|
||
|
Philadelphia struck down the law in June 1996, a ruling that was
|
||
|
upheld by a unanimous Supreme Court one year later.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The "Child Online Protection Act" makes it a federal crime to
|
||
|
"knowingly" communicate "for commercial purposes" material considered
|
||
|
"harmful to minors." Penalties include fines of up to $50,000 for
|
||
|
each day of violation, and up to six months in prison if convicted of
|
||
|
a crime. The government also has the option of bringing a civil suit
|
||
|
against individuals under a lower standard of proof, with the same
|
||
|
financial penalty of up to $50,000 per violation. Compliance with the
|
||
|
Act would require websites to obtain identification and age
|
||
|
verification from visitors, a feature of the law that threatens online
|
||
|
privacy and anonymity.
|
||
|
|
||
|
In a seven-page analysis of the bill sent to Congress on October 5,
|
||
|
the Justice Department said that the bill had "serious constitutional
|
||
|
problems" and would likely draw resources away from more important law
|
||
|
enforcement efforts such as tracking down hard-core child
|
||
|
pornographers and child predators. The Justice Department also noted
|
||
|
that the new law is ineffective because minors would still be able to
|
||
|
access news groups or Internet relay chat channels, as well as any
|
||
|
website generated from outside of the United States.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The text of the complaint is available at:
|
||
|
Subscription Information
|
||
|
http://www.epic.org/free_speech/copa/complaint.html
|
||
|
|
||
|
=======================================================================
|
||
|
|
||
|
The EPIC Alert is a free biweekly publication of the Electronic
|
||
|
Privacy Information Center. To subscribe or unsubscribe, send email
|
||
|
to epic-news@epic.org with the subject: "subscribe" (no quotes) or
|
||
|
"unsubscribe". A Web-based form is available at:
|
||
|
|
||
|
http://www.epic.org/alert/subscribe.html
|
||
|
|
||
|
Back issues are available at:
|
||
|
|
||
|
http://www.epic.org/alert/
|
||
|
|
||
|
------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Date: Wed, 9 Sep 1998 15:41:40 -0400
|
||
|
From: Ari Schwartz <ari@CDT.ORG>
|
||
|
Subject: File 5--POLICY POST 4.18: CDT PROMOTES INTERNET ADVOCACY ACTIVITIES IN
|
||
|
CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
|
||
|
Sender: owner-policy-posts@CDT.ORG
|
||
|
Precedence: bulk
|
||
|
Reply-To: Ari Schwartz <ari@CDT.ORG>
|
||
|
|
||
|
The Center for Democracy and Technology /____/ Volume 4, Number 18
|
||
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
A briefing on public policy issues affecting civil liberties online
|
||
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
CDT POLICY POST Volume 4, Number 18 September 9, 1998
|
||
|
|
||
|
CONTENTS: (1) CDT Promotes Internet Advocacy in Central and Eastern Europe
|
||
|
(2) CDT Issues Report Finding Strong Protection For Free
|
||
|
Expression on the Internet Under International Human Rights
|
||
|
Principles
|
||
|
(3) Encryprion and Surveillance Concerns Raised
|
||
|
(4) How to Subscribe/Unsubscribe
|
||
|
(5) About CDT, Contacting us
|
||
|
|
||
|
** This document may be redistributed freely with this banner intact **
|
||
|
Excerpts may be re-posted with permission of <ari@cdt.org>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|PLEASE SEE END OF THIS DOCUMENT FOR INFORMATION ABOUT HOW TO
|
||
|
SUBSCRIBE, AND HOW TO UN-SUBSCRIBE|
|
||
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
|
||
|
(1) CDT PROMOTES INTERNET ADVOCACY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
|
||
|
|
||
|
Working through the Global Internet Liberty Campaign (GILC), a broad
|
||
|
coalition of Internet policy and civil-liberties organizations, CDT
|
||
|
cosponsored a conference last weekend entitled "Outlook for Freedom,
|
||
|
Privacy and Civil Society on the Internet in Central and Eastern
|
||
|
Europe." Held in Budapest, Hungary and addressed mainly to
|
||
|
non-governmental organizations, the conference attracted over 50
|
||
|
participants from 20 countries. The agenda included freedom of
|
||
|
expression; media regulation models; electronic surveillance and
|
||
|
encryption; affordability and access; and NGO activism. In addition
|
||
|
to the cosponsors, speakers included Esther Dyson, EDventure
|
||
|
Holdings; Eva Bakonyi, Hungarian Soros Foundation; and Sasa Mirkovic,
|
||
|
Director of Radio B92 in Serbia.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The conference revealed that, while most of the countries in the
|
||
|
region are still struggling with basic infrastructure and access
|
||
|
issues, policy debates on content regulation and privacy are just
|
||
|
around the corner. A number of countries are in the midst of
|
||
|
reforming their basic laws on media and communications, posing the
|
||
|
choice between a deregulatory, competitive and civil liberties-based
|
||
|
approach versus efforts to regulate the Internet as if it were a
|
||
|
broadcast medium.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The region's NGOs have already begun to exploit the democratic
|
||
|
potential of this new medium and used the conference as a means of
|
||
|
networking and sharing ideas and learning from their Western
|
||
|
colleagues about grassroots advocacy through the Internet. A number
|
||
|
of the organizations present asked to join GILC, taking to this
|
||
|
important region our fights to protect civil liberties and keep
|
||
|
information flowing freely regardless of borders.
|
||
|
|
||
|
More information on GILC is available at http://www.gilc.org.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
|
||
|
(2) CDT ISSUES REPORT FINDING STRONG PROTECTION FOR FREE EXPRESSION ON
|
||
|
THE INTERNET UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS PRINCIPLES
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
At the Budapest conference, CDT Senior Staff Counsel James X. Dempsey
|
||
|
presented a new report, prepared for GILC by CDT and entitled
|
||
|
"REGARDLESS OF FRONTIERS: PROTECTING THE HUMAN RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF
|
||
|
EXPRESSION ON THE GLOBAL INTERNET." Release of the report coincides
|
||
|
with the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
|
||
|
which proclaimed that everyone has the right to "seek, receive and
|
||
|
impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of
|
||
|
frontiers."
|
||
|
|
||
|
The report notes that governments from Germany to China (and including
|
||
|
the US) have already begun to impose controls on the Internet,
|
||
|
threatening the potential of this new medium. But a well-established
|
||
|
body of international law protects the right to freedom of expression.
|
||
|
In addition to the Universal Declaration, regional human rights treaties
|
||
|
in Europe, Africa and the Americas protect freedom of expression and
|
||
|
give individuals the right to bring complaints against governments in
|
||
|
international judicial tribunals.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The report concludes that the global nature of the Internet requires a
|
||
|
fresh interpretation of the phrase "without regard to frontiers." Given
|
||
|
the Internet's uniquely open, global, decentralized and user-controlled
|
||
|
nature, the report concludes that international human rights principles
|
||
|
should be read as offering especially strong protection to freedom of
|
||
|
expression on-line.
|
||
|
|
||
|
To governments, the report says, "Don't try to censor the Internet
|
||
|
because your efforts may well violate international human rights law,
|
||
|
especially given the unique nature of the Internet." To free expression
|
||
|
activists, the paper says, "International human rights documents offer
|
||
|
strong grounds for challenging Internet censorship." To both, it says,
|
||
|
"Pay attention to the Internet's unique qualities, for they justify the
|
||
|
strongest legal protection."
|
||
|
|
||
|
"Regardless of Frontiers: Protecting the Human Right to Freedom of
|
||
|
Expression on the Global Internet," is available at
|
||
|
http://www.gilc.org/speech/report/
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
|
||
|
(3) ENCRYPTION AND SURVEILLANCE CONCERNS RAISED
|
||
|
|
||
|
Encryption and Internet surveillance were among other issues discussed
|
||
|
at the Budapest conference:
|
||
|
|
||
|
GILC members have begun a campaign urging decontrol of encryption
|
||
|
exports by the 33 nations participating in the so-called Wassenaar
|
||
|
Arrangement. The Wassenaar Arrangement, named after the city in the
|
||
|
Netherlands where an agreement was concluded in 1994, seeks to govern
|
||
|
export of conventional weapons and dual use technologies (those that
|
||
|
have both a military and a civilian use). GILC members are calling on
|
||
|
the Wassenaar countries to recognize that it is not appropriate to treat
|
||
|
encryption as if it were a weapon.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Conference participants also expressed concern about a proposal by
|
||
|
Russian agencies to impose on Internet service providers there a
|
||
|
sweeping requirement to assist government surveillance of e-mail and
|
||
|
other Internet communications. The system, known as SORM (System for
|
||
|
Effective Investigative Activities), would require ISPs to install
|
||
|
special high-speed links to security service monitoring facilities,
|
||
|
allowing the government to remotely monitor the communications of any
|
||
|
Internet user.
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
|
||
|
(4) SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION
|
||
|
|
||
|
Be sure you are up to date on the latest public policy issues affecting
|
||
|
civil liberties online and how they will affect you! Subscribe to the CDT
|
||
|
Policy Post news distribution list. CDT Policy Posts, the regular news
|
||
|
publication of the Center For Democracy and Technology, are received by
|
||
|
more than 13,000 Internet users, industry leaders, policy makers and
|
||
|
activists, and have become the leading source for information about
|
||
|
critical free speech and privacy issues affecting the Internet and other
|
||
|
interactive communications media.
|
||
|
|
||
|
To subscribe to CDT's Policy Post list, send mail to
|
||
|
|
||
|
majordomo@cdt.org
|
||
|
|
||
|
in the BODY of the message (leave the SUBJECT LINE BLANK), type
|
||
|
|
||
|
subscribe policy-posts
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
If you ever wish to remove yourself from the list, send mail to the above
|
||
|
address with NOTHING IN THE SUBJECT LINE AND a BODY TEXT of:
|
||
|
|
||
|
unsubscribe policy-posts
|
||
|
|
||
|
_____________________________________________________________________________
|
||
|
|
||
|
(5) ABOUT THE CENTER FOR DEMOCRACY AND TECHNOLOGY/CONTACTING US
|
||
|
|
||
|
The Center for Democracy and Technology is a non-profit public interest
|
||
|
organization based in Washington, DC. The Center's mission is to develop
|
||
|
and advocate public policies that advance democratic values and
|
||
|
constitutional civil liberties in new computer and communications
|
||
|
technologies.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Contacting us:
|
||
|
|
||
|
General information: info@cdt.org
|
||
|
World Wide Web: http://www.cdt.org/
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
Snail Mail: The Center for Democracy and Technology
|
||
|
1634 Eye Street NW * Suite 1100 * Washington, DC 20006
|
||
|
(v) +1.202.637.9800 * (f) +1.202.637.0968
|
||
|
|
||
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
End Policy Post 4.18 9/9/98
|
||
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
Date: Thu, 25 Apr 1998 22:51:01 CST
|
||
|
From: CuD Moderators <cudigest@sun.soci.niu.edu>
|
||
|
Subject: File 6--Cu Digest Header Info (unchanged since 25 Apr, 1998)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Cu-Digest is a weekly electronic journal/newsletter. Subscriptions are
|
||
|
available at no cost electronically.
|
||
|
|
||
|
CuD is available as a Usenet newsgroup: comp.society.cu-digest
|
||
|
|
||
|
Or, to subscribe, send post with this in the "Subject:: line:
|
||
|
|
||
|
SUBSCRIBE CU-DIGEST
|
||
|
Send the message to: cu-digest-request@weber.ucsd.edu
|
||
|
|
||
|
DO NOT SEND SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE MODERATORS.
|
||
|
|
||
|
The editors may be contacted by voice (815-753-6436), fax (815-753-6302)
|
||
|
or U.S. mail at: Jim Thomas, Department of Sociology, NIU, DeKalb, IL
|
||
|
60115, USA.
|
||
|
|
||
|
To UNSUB, send a one-line message: UNSUB CU-DIGEST
|
||
|
Send it to CU-DIGEST-REQUEST@WEBER.UCSD.EDU
|
||
|
(NOTE: The address you unsub must correspond to your From: line)
|
||
|
|
||
|
IF YOU HAVE TROUBLE UNSUBBING: Contact bjones@weber.ucsd.edu
|
||
|
|
||
|
CuD is readily accessible from the Net:
|
||
|
UNITED STATES: ftp.etext.org (206.252.8.100) in /pub/CuD/CuD
|
||
|
Web-accessible from: http://www.etext.org/CuD/CuD/
|
||
|
ftp.eff.org (192.88.144.4) in /pub/Publications/CuD/
|
||
|
aql.gatech.edu (128.61.10.53) in /pub/eff/cud/
|
||
|
world.std.com in /src/wuarchive/doc/EFF/Publications/CuD/
|
||
|
wuarchive.wustl.edu in /doc/EFF/Publications/CuD/
|
||
|
EUROPE: nic.funet.fi in pub/doc/CuD/CuD/ (Finland)
|
||
|
ftp.warwick.ac.uk in pub/cud/ (United Kingdom)
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
The most recent issues of CuD can be obtained from the
|
||
|
Cu Digest WWW site at:
|
||
|
URL: http://www.soci.niu.edu/~cudigest/
|
||
|
|
||
|
COMPUTER UNDERGROUND DIGEST is an open forum dedicated to sharing
|
||
|
information among computerists and to the presentation and debate of
|
||
|
diverse views. CuD material may be reprinted for non-profit as long
|
||
|
as the source is cited. Authors hold a presumptive copyright, and
|
||
|
they should be contacted for reprint permission. It is assumed that
|
||
|
non-personal mail to the moderators may be reprinted unless otherwise
|
||
|
specified. Readers are encouraged to submit reasoned articles
|
||
|
relating to computer culture and communication. Articles are
|
||
|
preferred to short responses. Please avoid quoting previous posts
|
||
|
unless absolutely necessary.
|
||
|
|
||
|
DISCLAIMER: The views represented herein do not necessarily represent
|
||
|
the views of the moderators. Digest contributors assume all
|
||
|
responsibility for ensuring that articles submitted do not
|
||
|
violate copyright protections.
|
||
|
|
||
|
------------------------------
|
||
|
|
||
|
End of Computer Underground Digest #10.55
|