1159 lines
54 KiB
Plaintext
1159 lines
54 KiB
Plaintext
![]() |
Volume 5, Number 1 4 January 1988
|
|||
|
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
| _ |
|
|||
|
| / \ |
|
|||
|
| /|oo \ |
|
|||
|
| - FidoNews - (_| /_) |
|
|||
|
| _`@/_ \ _ |
|
|||
|
| International | | \ \\ |
|
|||
|
| FidoNet Association | (*) | \ )) |
|
|||
|
| Newsletter ______ |__U__| / \// |
|
|||
|
| / FIDO \ _//|| _\ / |
|
|||
|
| (________) (_/(_|(____/ |
|
|||
|
| (jm) |
|
|||
|
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|||
|
Editor in Chief Dale Lovell
|
|||
|
Editor Emeritus: Thom Henderson
|
|||
|
Chief Procrastinator Emeritus: Tom Jennings
|
|||
|
Contributing Editors: Al Arango
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews is published weekly by the International FidoNet
|
|||
|
Association as its official newsletter. You are encouraged to
|
|||
|
submit articles for publication in FidoNews. Article submission
|
|||
|
standards are contained in the file ARTSPEC.DOC, available from
|
|||
|
node 1:1/1.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Copyright 1987 by the International FidoNet Association. All
|
|||
|
rights reserved. Duplication and/or distribution permitted for
|
|||
|
noncommercial purposes only. For use in other circumstances,
|
|||
|
please contact IFNA at (314) 576-4067.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The contents of the articles contained here are not our
|
|||
|
responsibility, nor do we necessarily agree with them.
|
|||
|
Everything here is subject to debate. We publish EVERYTHING
|
|||
|
received.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
HAPPY NEW YEAR
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Table of Contents
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
1. EDITORIAL ................................................ 1
|
|||
|
Surprise! Words from a new editor ........................ 1
|
|||
|
2. ARTICLES ................................................. 3
|
|||
|
Alternet: The End ........................................ 3
|
|||
|
Response to AlterNet Editorial ........................... 5
|
|||
|
AUTOECHO A ECHOMAIL Utility .............................. 7
|
|||
|
Computer Performance Echo ................................ 8
|
|||
|
The 1987 Andrew Fluegelman Award ......................... 9
|
|||
|
Telecommunications Today ................................. 11
|
|||
|
3. NOTICES .................................................. 16
|
|||
|
The Interrupt Stack ...................................... 16
|
|||
|
Latest Software Versions ................................. 16
|
|||
|
4. COMMITTEE REPORTS ........................................ 17
|
|||
|
State of IFNA and FidoNet - January 1, 1988 .............. 17
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 1 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
EDITORIAL
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Much to my surprise I received a message from Thom Henderson
|
|||
|
a few weeks ago. It wasn't that he had sent the message that took
|
|||
|
me so much by surprise as the message's contents. He was looking
|
|||
|
for a new editor for FidoNews and was "offering" me the position.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Let me say up front that it took me several days to finally
|
|||
|
come to a decision. It wasn't an easy decision to make! As a
|
|||
|
semi-regular columnist I had it easy. If I didn't feel like
|
|||
|
writing or didn't have the time it was no big deal, although I
|
|||
|
did have to live with the guilt it caused (and yes, I did feel
|
|||
|
guilty when I didn't get a column out). As editor it would be my
|
|||
|
responsibility to the net to make sure that an issue of FidoNews
|
|||
|
did go out every week, regardless of what my work schedule was
|
|||
|
like or my personal feelings. Only after I was sure I could take
|
|||
|
on the responsibility did I check to make sure I could do the
|
|||
|
work required. This may sound backward but I was reasonably sure
|
|||
|
that if I decided to shoulder the responsibility, I could manage
|
|||
|
the work. In the end, I decided that it was "the right thing."
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
For the time being there shouldn't be any real change
|
|||
|
apparent to most of you. I am continuing Thom's policy of
|
|||
|
printing anything I receive (outside of obvious plagiarism,
|
|||
|
libel, or criminal intent). I am going to try and take a more
|
|||
|
active role in getting material. Many of you will be hearing from
|
|||
|
me in the near future in this regard! What kind of articles am I
|
|||
|
interested in? Well first off, I'd like to see someone take up my
|
|||
|
old "Regular Irregular Column." Actually, I'd like to see a large
|
|||
|
group of "contributing editors" spring up in the near future. All
|
|||
|
the title means as far as I'm concerned is that the person makes
|
|||
|
regular contributions to FidoNews. Not weekly. Not monthly. Just
|
|||
|
regularly.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Also, right now there are many new bulletin board systems
|
|||
|
being introduced to the net. I'd like to see some articles from
|
|||
|
these "converted" sysops and their users on what they expect and
|
|||
|
see in FidoNet. What made them decide to add FidoNet
|
|||
|
compatibility to their systems, and how easy (or hard) was it for
|
|||
|
them to learn some of our unique terminology and practices.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Some other topics I'd like to see articles on in the future
|
|||
|
are Gateways. What are they? How do they work? At FidoCon I heard
|
|||
|
some of the possible uses of EchoMail, is anyone doing anything
|
|||
|
new and exciting? Tell us about it if you are. There are several
|
|||
|
public service EchoMail conferences, are they actually
|
|||
|
accomplishing anything? Also, what is the EchoMail backbone? How
|
|||
|
do you "link up" with it. Some of these are questions that every
|
|||
|
sysop asks at one time or another, and it would be a big asset if
|
|||
|
everyone could point to and read a good article on topics like
|
|||
|
these.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
If you think you'd like to write something but are unsure
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 2 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
how it would be received, drop me a line and we'll discuss it. In
|
|||
|
addition to my electronic address (which is now a public board,
|
|||
|
no more routing worries) I'm listing my home and work addresses
|
|||
|
and phone numbers. I'm also interested in hearing from you on
|
|||
|
topics for articles you'd like to see. Who knows, maybe I can
|
|||
|
find someone to write them!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
In summary, I'd like to say that I am very excited about
|
|||
|
this new position and hope that I can live up to your
|
|||
|
expectations. I plan on taking a more active role than Thom did
|
|||
|
in that I'm going to be a little aggressive in getting some of
|
|||
|
you to write an article instead of just posting a message in
|
|||
|
EchoMail. EchoMail is fickle, many people may not see a message
|
|||
|
that directly pertains to them. Why not enter a message AND send
|
|||
|
in an article, after all this is YOUR newsletter!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Your Editor,
|
|||
|
Dale Lovell
|
|||
|
1:1/1 (1:157/504)
|
|||
|
216/642-1034 (data)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Home Work
|
|||
|
3266 Vezber Drive Parma Computer Center
|
|||
|
Seven Hills, OH 44131 5402 State Road
|
|||
|
216/524-1875 (voice) Parma, OH 44134
|
|||
|
216/661-1808 (voice)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 3 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
ARTICLES
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Alternet: The End
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
By Aaron Priven
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Before I start, I'd like to say what I liked about the
|
|||
|
AlterNet Policy. Mainly I liked the terminology. As someone who
|
|||
|
named his BBS ("Angevin Empire") after a 12th-century dynasty of
|
|||
|
English kings, I am amused by the idea of being a knight rather
|
|||
|
than a sysop. But I don't think that the major point of
|
|||
|
AlterNet's existence was to be amusing.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I've only been in FidoNet a short time as a sysop. I didn't
|
|||
|
know the 'good old days' before the IFNA wars. But one of the
|
|||
|
things about the FidoNet I know is the fact that there's only
|
|||
|
one of it. Despite zones and arguments and flames there's still
|
|||
|
only one network, with one simple way of getting information
|
|||
|
from one node to another. That's changed now.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Now we're going to have two networks. Then the next thing that
|
|||
|
happens is we'll have lots of little networks. Probably we'll
|
|||
|
just give separate zones to the different little networks. All
|
|||
|
those who think that IFNA is the greatest thing we've ever had
|
|||
|
and we need more of it, go to zone 1. All those who hate IFNA
|
|||
|
and everybody in it and would be willing to go in front of the
|
|||
|
House Un-American Activities Committee to denounce them, go to
|
|||
|
zone 9. Everybody who doesn't care about Fidonet as long as
|
|||
|
their BBS is listed so they get national exposure, go to zone
|
|||
|
12. Everybody who is happy as long as they get TECH, COMM, and
|
|||
|
ECPROG, go to zone 120. Everybody who would just as soon collect
|
|||
|
stamps, go to zone 1,238,272!.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Sound like the Bell System break-up to you? Even worse than
|
|||
|
that, because the Bell System break-up was at least
|
|||
|
geographical. These little nets will more than likely be spread
|
|||
|
over all parts of the net, in little bunches. (Making it un-
|
|||
|
Policy3 to give them zone numbers, as POLICY3 has a restriction
|
|||
|
on units not made exclusively for the improvement of
|
|||
|
communications).
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I'm not going to argue here for one sort of action or another,
|
|||
|
whether IFNA should be left alone or reorganized or
|
|||
|
disincorporated. But the net must be kept unified. There are so
|
|||
|
many other forces that may come to bear on us: governmental
|
|||
|
regulation, software incompatibility, telephone abilities, the
|
|||
|
simple problems of growth. We must work together to solve our
|
|||
|
problems -- not fall apart.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I know we all have our own ideas about what should be done.
|
|||
|
But whatever is done we must do it together.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 4 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
---------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The message above was directed not so much at the sysops and
|
|||
|
users at large, but rather at the particular sysops who are
|
|||
|
leading factions like 'AlterNet' and 'SoutherNet'. Here is one
|
|||
|
that is addressed at everyone.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The biggest danger in all this factionalism is not that the
|
|||
|
net will choose the wrong direction, but that the net will break
|
|||
|
up. One way to limit the use of factional nets is not to beat
|
|||
|
them, but to join them. I am considering joining *all* factional
|
|||
|
nets that may arise: AlterNet, SoutherNet, and any other netlets
|
|||
|
that may arise. This is not an ideal solution, by any means, but
|
|||
|
en masse it might limit the use of factionalism.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I await your thoughts.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Aaron Priven
|
|||
|
Fido (1:125/1154.0)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 5 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Don Daniels, President
|
|||
|
International FidoNet Association
|
|||
|
1:107/210
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
This letter is basically in response to the editorial and article
|
|||
|
that appeared this past week in FidoNews dealing with AlterNet.
|
|||
|
According to these documents a currently unstated number of
|
|||
|
individuals appear to be interested in forming their own network
|
|||
|
beginning early in 1988 as an alternative to...well, that's hard
|
|||
|
to say exactly.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
"FidoNet" is a likely answer, but they seem to be taking most of
|
|||
|
that with them in the sense that FidoNet is in essence a group of
|
|||
|
computer systems that exchange files using the FidoNet protocol.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
It could be that "IFNA" is what they are taking exception to,
|
|||
|
except if we accept the premise, as many of us believe, that IFNA
|
|||
|
is merely the current mechanism for implementing the collective
|
|||
|
will of all concerned sysops regarding the Net, it would seem
|
|||
|
that they are merely attempting to avoid subjection to such
|
|||
|
collective will, which strikes me as being not on the mark.
|
|||
|
Furthermore, several of their number have indicated that they
|
|||
|
maintain respect and support for IFNA and wish to continue their
|
|||
|
current relationships.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Whether that will be allowed or not by AlterNet itself is also
|
|||
|
hard to say as, at least one of their patrician voices has
|
|||
|
declared that, even if not disallowed, continued dual association
|
|||
|
would be philosophically incompatible. On the other hand, others
|
|||
|
of their aristocracy have declared that such bi-lateral
|
|||
|
association would not only be allowed but would be desirable.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
To me, the message then is that there is not yet a clear view of
|
|||
|
exactly what AlterNet is and may become. As such, it would
|
|||
|
appear that the best thing to do for the rest of us is simply
|
|||
|
nothing but wait and see.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
However, a few moves have been made by the two sides. Ryugen
|
|||
|
Fisher was kind enough to call me and provide an explanation of
|
|||
|
his thoughts and concerns relative to the changeover. We agreed
|
|||
|
on many points including the point that it would be mutually
|
|||
|
advisable for Ryugen to maintain his seat on the Technical
|
|||
|
Standards Committee, thereby functioning as a liaison with
|
|||
|
AlterNet. He will also step down from the chairmanship which
|
|||
|
will preclude potential conflicts of interest.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
One of the majors factors which has motivated Ryugen to make his
|
|||
|
choice has been the considerable flaming which has appeared in
|
|||
|
the various EchoCons. This certainly is one area within which I
|
|||
|
can completely sympathize as I have been appalled at the lack of
|
|||
|
consideration shown by so many of our sysops. It always struck
|
|||
|
me that such behavior would sooner or later exact a heavy price
|
|||
|
and here we can see one such instance in the alienation and loss
|
|||
|
of a considerable number of concerned sysops who have made and
|
|||
|
probably would have continued to make many valuable contributions
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 6 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
to FidoNet. I'm certain I personally will feel this loss, which
|
|||
|
seems worse when considered in terms of the petty behavior of
|
|||
|
others which has motivated it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I happened to be talking to Tom Jennings this past FidoCon on
|
|||
|
related ideas. Actually I'm slightly surprised that I've heard
|
|||
|
that he disapproves of this current scheme as he was making the
|
|||
|
point that we shouldn't limit our horizons. "How do we know," he
|
|||
|
said, "that this is the best way of doing things? If we're not
|
|||
|
open to trying other approaches we may well miss the solution
|
|||
|
that would prove best in the long run."
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
So with that thought in mind we bid farewell to our AlterNetives.
|
|||
|
As they embark and sail across uncharted waters for unknown lands
|
|||
|
in their quest for their particular Holy Grails we wish them
|
|||
|
Godspeed. Perchance our paths will cross again in another time.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 7 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Ben Mann / Paul Pappas
|
|||
|
OPUS 151/1000
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
AUTOECHO is a program that stems from the
|
|||
|
needs of all ECHOMAIL HOST and HUB sysops. It allows
|
|||
|
a NODE to send a message to the HOST system and
|
|||
|
turn on and off ECHO's that he/she would like to
|
|||
|
recieve or not recieve without the intervention of the
|
|||
|
HOST system sysop.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
A message is sent to AUTOECHO with a password
|
|||
|
in the subject field. This password MUST agree with a
|
|||
|
password the HOST system defines in a file called
|
|||
|
AUTOECHO.PWD. The body of the message contains the
|
|||
|
ECHO's the requester wants turned on or off. If the
|
|||
|
ECHO is preceeded by a minus sign the ECHO is turned
|
|||
|
off. If no sign is there the ECHO is turned on.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
AUTOECHO then modifies the HOST systems
|
|||
|
AREAS.BBS or ECHO.CTL file and adds/deletes the ECHO
|
|||
|
being sent to that requestor. It also send a message
|
|||
|
to the requestor informing him/her what action was
|
|||
|
taken.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
All actions taken by AUTOECHO can be redirected
|
|||
|
to a log, AUTOECHO >> AUTOECHO.LOG, so the HOST sysop
|
|||
|
can tell what ECHO has been picked up or deleted.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
AUTOECHO.A93 may be requested from 151/1000 or
|
|||
|
151/100. A .DOC file and examples are included.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Can you say "AUTOECHO?", I thought you could.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 8 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Larry Kayser
|
|||
|
104/739
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I have established new echomail conference called CPE. It's
|
|||
|
purpose is to provide a forum for practitioners of computer
|
|||
|
performance measurement and capacity planning. It's main thrust
|
|||
|
is in mid to mainframe size environments, but all are welcome.
|
|||
|
The forum hopefully will provide a place to exchange ideas and
|
|||
|
techniques.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
This echo came about as a result of an informal meeting held
|
|||
|
several weeks ago at the Computer Measurement Group (CMG) annual
|
|||
|
meeting held in Orlando. Better than 25 individuals attended a
|
|||
|
informal meeting to discuss the value of such a conference and a
|
|||
|
number of nodes have already expressed in interest in joining the
|
|||
|
effort.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
If you are interested in joining such a conference, drop me Net-
|
|||
|
Mail to 104/739 and we will get you included.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 9 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The UTOPIAN Network
|
|||
|
107/269 107/169
|
|||
|
ECHOMAIL -- ANOTHER FLUEGELMAN FOR FIDONET ?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Last year Tom Jennings won the First Annual Andrew
|
|||
|
Fluegelman Award with the "software that started it all" --
|
|||
|
FIDO\_IBM.EXE.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
For THIS year's Award ... how about thanking JEFF RUSH for
|
|||
|
creating ECHOMAIL ? ( We can get him the award first, and
|
|||
|
tar-and-feather him afterward, right? )
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Besides, maybe we OWE Jeff Rush a little more than we do to
|
|||
|
other Network Software Developers. While ECHOMAIL was
|
|||
|
technically SHAREWARE ($25.00) Jeff Rush acted as if the
|
|||
|
program had been released to the public domain. Though the
|
|||
|
program itself marked each message with the node number of
|
|||
|
its users, and Jeff read in many of the national ECHOS, he
|
|||
|
never made an issue of the people who used the program and
|
|||
|
"forgot" to pay SHARE.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
This year the competition is going to be stiffer. More
|
|||
|
people know about the Award -- the prize is $5,000 -- and
|
|||
|
commercial programs ARE eligible.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The Award will be made on the merits of the software
|
|||
|
according to these judging criteria:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
** It advances the state of the art in personal computing
|
|||
|
** It manifiests innovation in concept and design.
|
|||
|
** It demonstrates orientation to personal computer
|
|||
|
users.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
If we can generate enough nominations to engage the judges'
|
|||
|
interest, ECHOMAIL is good enough to win ! It has brought
|
|||
|
BBSing as far from the NetMail-only Fido Boards as FidoMail
|
|||
|
brought BBSs from the stand-alone technology.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
What's more, ECHOMAIL has produced the same kind of
|
|||
|
outpouring of creative energy that FIDO did ... it has been
|
|||
|
cloned, improved, and has inspired dozens of add-on utilities.
|
|||
|
It has that "spark" that the judges will be looking for.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SO, let's pass the word through our networks, our echo
|
|||
|
conferences, and among our friends. Let's bring home the
|
|||
|
Fluegelman with ECHOMAIL!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
========================================================
|
|||
|
To nominate a program for the Andrew Fluegelman Award
|
|||
|
========================================================
|
|||
|
Fill out the following form and make SIX copies.
|
|||
|
Handwritten copies will NOT be accepted.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Name of Program : ECHOMAIL 1.30 Package consisting of
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 10 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SCANMAIL.EXE, TOSSMAIL.EXE, and
|
|||
|
SETMARK.EXE
|
|||
|
Creator: Jeff Rush Release date: 05/13/86
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Software Marketer: Tau Productions,
|
|||
|
1124 Wildwood Drive,
|
|||
|
Richardson, TX 75080
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Brief Description: ECHOMAIL, a SHAREWARE program, enables
|
|||
|
(sample) a network of personal computer Bulletin
|
|||
|
Boards to support "newsgroup" or
|
|||
|
"conference" messaging. Messages entered by users are
|
|||
|
automatically sent (via ordinary telephone lines) to all
|
|||
|
BBSs participating in the same ECHOconferences, and may be
|
|||
|
read and replied to by any user in any other BBS.
|
|||
|
Information "known" in one BBS is "known" by all other
|
|||
|
boards ina very short period of time -- often overnight!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Reason for Nomination: ECHOMAIL has made much of the
|
|||
|
(sample) long distance information-sharing
|
|||
|
power of mainframe networks
|
|||
|
available, via PC's, to amateur operators, non-commerical
|
|||
|
users, small businesses and grass-roots organizatons. As a
|
|||
|
result, private news services, specialized data bases and
|
|||
|
no-paper, no-postage newsletters are now an economic and
|
|||
|
practical reality.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Nomination submitted by:
|
|||
|
your name
|
|||
|
-------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
Company: Phone Number:
|
|||
|
your company phone
|
|||
|
------------------------------ ---------------
|
|||
|
Address:
|
|||
|
your address
|
|||
|
------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Mail to:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Andrew Fluegelman Award, Attn: Shirley Gines
|
|||
|
PCW Communications, Inc.
|
|||
|
501 Second Street
|
|||
|
San Francisco, CA 94107.
|
|||
|
.
|
|||
|
But, remember, time is short; the DEADLINE for nominations
|
|||
|
is FEBRUARY 1,1988. Send your SIX copies of the Nomination
|
|||
|
form ... TODAY!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 11 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Telecommunications Today
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Some time ago, a group of particularly bright folks came up with
|
|||
|
the idea of a standard code of letters, numbers and punctuation
|
|||
|
symbols so that different kinds of computers could exchange
|
|||
|
information. The code assigned numeric values ranging from 0 to
|
|||
|
127 to each character. The choice of a name for the code was
|
|||
|
made by less-bright folks, and that's how ASCII was born
|
|||
|
(American Standard Code for Information Interchange, pronounced
|
|||
|
AS-kee).
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
ASCII wasn't the first code devised. One of the earliest codes
|
|||
|
was called BAUDOT. It was devised by George Baudot, whose name
|
|||
|
lives on with those who refer to data transfer speeds as baud
|
|||
|
rates instead of bit per second. After the introduction of
|
|||
|
ASCII, IBM even made up its own code called EBCDIC (pronounced
|
|||
|
EB-sid-ik). It stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal
|
|||
|
Interchange Code, and it never really caught on outside of the
|
|||
|
large-scale IBM mainframe world (probably because the acronym
|
|||
|
they chose wasn't very snappy). Even the IBM PC and compatibles
|
|||
|
use what is called a superset or expanded version of the ASCII
|
|||
|
standard. The PC's character set contains 256 characters rather
|
|||
|
than ASCII's 128. Codes 0 to 127 are identical to the ASCII
|
|||
|
standard, but 128 to 255 are used for special characters unique
|
|||
|
to the IBM and compatible personal computers. When
|
|||
|
telecommunicating with non-IBM machines, IBM computers generally
|
|||
|
use codes 0 to 127 only, which is the normal ASCII set.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
A BIT OF BINARY
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Let's look at how we use these numeric codes to actually transmit
|
|||
|
information, namely three characters we'll choose at random:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I B M
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Not too random, huh? The ASCII codes for these letters are:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
73 66 77
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
These numbers are in decimal, or base ten format, the number
|
|||
|
system we humans use in everyday life. Computers use the binary
|
|||
|
number system. Binary numbers are in base two format. The only
|
|||
|
characters used in base two are ones and zeros. Each one or zero
|
|||
|
is called a bit (Binary digIT). Bits are easy for computers to
|
|||
|
work with. Since computers are electrical devices, they know
|
|||
|
only whether an individual bit is on (1) or off (0). The binary
|
|||
|
equivalent of:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
73 66 77
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
is a series of ones and zeros:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I = 73 = 1001001
|
|||
|
B = 66 = 1000010
|
|||
|
M = 77 = 1001101
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 12 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Not only is this format easy for a computer to handle, it is very
|
|||
|
easy to convert into sound and send over telephone lines. We'll
|
|||
|
see why a little later on.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
PARITY
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We've seen how ASCII character codes can be represented as
|
|||
|
strings of seven bits. In the early days of communications, it
|
|||
|
was soon discovered that noise on the telephone lines could
|
|||
|
interfere with data transmission. People needed some way to
|
|||
|
verify that what was being received matched what had been
|
|||
|
transmitted. By adding an eighth bit to the beginning of each
|
|||
|
string, a crude form of error detection called CHARACTER PARITY
|
|||
|
was created. This error-checking is handled by the software
|
|||
|
running on both ends of the telecommunications link. This extra
|
|||
|
bit was named a PARITY BIT, and it made it possible to use EVEN
|
|||
|
or ODD parity schemes. It works like this: with even parity, the
|
|||
|
total number or ones in any character is always even. If the
|
|||
|
seven-bit code for an ASCII character has an even number of ones,
|
|||
|
the parity bit is set to zero. If the seven-bit code for the
|
|||
|
ASCII character has an odd number of ones, the parity bit is set
|
|||
|
to one.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Using even parity,
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
1001001 1000010 1001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
becomes:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
11001001 01000010 01001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The receiving software then removes or "strips off" the parity
|
|||
|
bit and works with the remaining seven bits. If a bit string is
|
|||
|
found to contain an odd number of bits before stripping, it is
|
|||
|
assumed to be an error and the string was retransmitted. Odd
|
|||
|
parity works in a similar way, always requiring an odd count of
|
|||
|
ones. But parity is of little value for most personal computers
|
|||
|
users today. This type of error-checking dates back to the days
|
|||
|
when eletromechanical devices such as teletypes were in heavy
|
|||
|
use. The gears and cams of these machines were much more prone
|
|||
|
to introducing errors than modern equipment. In fact, so few
|
|||
|
systems employ parity- checking schemes these days that many
|
|||
|
computers (including the IBM-PC) use the parity bit for data
|
|||
|
instead of for error-checking. This allows IBM-PCs to send and
|
|||
|
receive all 256 PC characters, rather than just the 128
|
|||
|
characters in the ASCII set. In this case, there is no parity:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
1001001 1000010 1001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
becomes:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
01001001 01000010 01001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We still use eight-bit strings, but the HIGH BIT (leftmost bit)
|
|||
|
simply represents special characters which are mostly special
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 13 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
graphics characters.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Just A Bit More
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We're almost ready to ship out our data to the modem. The last
|
|||
|
thing that needs to be added are FRAMING BITS which indicate the
|
|||
|
beginning and end of each bit string. They are usually called
|
|||
|
the START and STOP bits. A start bit of zero is inserted at the
|
|||
|
beginning of each character, and a zero stop bit is appended to
|
|||
|
the end. Now our message looks like this:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
01001001 01000010 01001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
becomes:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
0010010010 0010000100 0010011010
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Now we are ready to transmit our data to the modem, but first a
|
|||
|
simple definition of what the modem function is. The name MODEM
|
|||
|
comes from two words which describe it's function. MOdulator -
|
|||
|
DEModulator. Modems use two sets of frequencies to send and
|
|||
|
receive data. Just for simplicity's sake, let's call them high
|
|||
|
and low frequencies. One modem will send data using the high
|
|||
|
voice, and listen for data from the modem on the other end in the
|
|||
|
low voice. The other modem will do just the opposite. One modem
|
|||
|
is using the assigned frequencies in what we call ANSWER MODE,
|
|||
|
and the other is using ORIGINATE MODE. If both were in the same
|
|||
|
mode, each modem would hear both itself and the other modem at
|
|||
|
the same time, so they wouldn't be able to differentiate between
|
|||
|
what they are sending and receiving.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Each voice has two octaves, referred to as SPACE and MARK.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
| MODE | |(0) SPACE |(1) MARK |
|
|||
|
|-------------+----------------+----------+----------|
|
|||
|
| | | | |
|
|||
|
| ORIGINATE | TRANSMITTER | 1070 | 1270 |
|
|||
|
| " | RECEIVER | 2025 | 2225 |
|
|||
|
|-------------+----------------+----------+----------|
|
|||
|
| ANSWER | TRANSMITTER | 2025 | 2225 |
|
|||
|
| " | RECEIVER | 1070 | 1270 |
|
|||
|
|_____________|________________|__________|__________|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
By convention, the tone associated with the zero-bit is space,
|
|||
|
and the tone for the one-bit is mark. Also by convention, the
|
|||
|
normal state of the phone line when no data is being transferred
|
|||
|
is a continuous mark tone, which can be considered a constant
|
|||
|
stream of ones.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SENDING AND RECEIVING
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Finally we're ready to transmit the data. Remember, our modems
|
|||
|
are pretty dumb animals when it comes to data. All they do is
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 14 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
take the series of ones and zeros passed to them by the computer,
|
|||
|
convert them to mark and space tones (MOdulate), and then turn
|
|||
|
the tones back into ones and zeros at the other end (DEModulate).
|
|||
|
Here we have a "quiet" transmission of all marks (ones) waiting
|
|||
|
for some data:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We are hunched over our keyboards happily telecomputing and
|
|||
|
oblivious to everything happening inside our machine. If we
|
|||
|
type:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I B M
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
the ASCII codes for which are:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
073 066 077
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
our computer recognizes what we typed as:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
01001001 01000010 01001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
so out telecommunications software adds the start and stop bits:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
0010010010 0010000100 0010011010
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
and the data is sent to the modem, which changes the zeros and
|
|||
|
ones into mark and space tones:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SSMSSMSSMS SSMSSSSMSS SSMSSMMSMS
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
which is superimposed over the "quiet" of a solid mark tone:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
MMMSSMSSMSSMSMMMMSSMSSSSMSSMMMMSSMSSMMSMSMMM
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
so the receiving modem can change them back into a stream of
|
|||
|
zeros and ones again:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
11100100100101111001000010011110010011010111
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The telecommunications software on the other end watches the
|
|||
|
incoming stream of ones and zeros from the modem. By convention,
|
|||
|
the first zero says, "Hey! The next eight bits are a character
|
|||
|
and the ninth bit after me will be another zero. After you see
|
|||
|
that last zero, watch for the start of another character!" So the
|
|||
|
telecommunications program removes the extraneous ones introduced
|
|||
|
by the constant mark tone, as well as the start and stop zeros:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
01001001 01000010 01001101
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
which the person on the other end finally sees as:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
I B M
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 15 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Seems like a lot of trouble for three letters, doesn't it?
|
|||
|
Fortunately it's all handled for us by software and hardware
|
|||
|
working together.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
(Some of the examples are greatly oversimplified, and I've been
|
|||
|
pretty loose with terminology for clarity's sake.)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 16 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
NOTICES
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The Interrupt Stack
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
9 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
The next net 104 FidoNet Sysop Meeting. Contact Oscar Barlow
|
|||
|
at 104/0 for information.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
25 Aug 1988
|
|||
|
Start of the Fifth International FidoNet Conference, to be
|
|||
|
held at the Drawbridge Inn in Cincinnatti, OH. Contact Tim
|
|||
|
Sullivan at 108/62 for more information. This is FidoNet's big
|
|||
|
annual get-together, and is your chance to meet all the people
|
|||
|
you've been talking with all this time. We're hoping to see
|
|||
|
you there!
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
24 Aug 1989
|
|||
|
Voyager 2 passes Neptune.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
If you have something which you would like to see on this
|
|||
|
calendar, please send a message to FidoNet node 1:1/1.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Latest Software Versions
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
BBS Systems Node List Other
|
|||
|
& Mailers Version Utilities Version Utilities Version
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Dutchie 2.80* EditNL 3.3 ARC 5.21
|
|||
|
Fido 12e* MakeNL 1.10 ARCmail 1.1
|
|||
|
Opus 1.03a Prune 1.40 ConfMail 3.3*
|
|||
|
SEAdog 4.10 XlatList 2.85* EchoMail 1.31
|
|||
|
TBBS 2.0M MGM 1.1
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
* Recently changed
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Utility authors: Please help keep this list up to date by
|
|||
|
reporting new versions to 1:1/1. It is not our intent to list
|
|||
|
all utilities here, only those which verge on necessity.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 17 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
COMMITTEE REPORTS
|
|||
|
=================================================================
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Don Daniels, President
|
|||
|
International FidoNet Association
|
|||
|
FidoNet 1:107/210
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
State of IFNA and FidoNet - January 1, 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Rather than ask for status reports from the various committees
|
|||
|
this month, I felt it might be best to talk about some general
|
|||
|
concerns relative to IFNA and FidoNet.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
First of all, I'm pleased to report that, with the assistance of
|
|||
|
Bob Hartman, some real progress has finally been made in both the
|
|||
|
Executive Committee and Board of Directors which not only
|
|||
|
inaugurated their new electronic sessions, but have completed
|
|||
|
their first electronic balloting. It is particulary pleasing for
|
|||
|
me to report that the first item of official business passed in
|
|||
|
this manner by the Board of Directors was the confirmation of the
|
|||
|
choice of Cincinnati as the site of the 1988 FidoNet Conference,
|
|||
|
August 25-28. FidoCon chairman Tim Sullivan promises me that
|
|||
|
detailed information will be posted here for you shortly.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
We apologize again for the delay in establishing these sessions,
|
|||
|
but we were faced with quite a number of legal and operational
|
|||
|
difficulties relative to conducting official business via
|
|||
|
Electronic Mail. First results with the methods implemented seem
|
|||
|
to indicate that we have established not only a working approach,
|
|||
|
but one which may set precedents for other conferences and
|
|||
|
organizations.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FIDONET - GROWING FAST
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNet itself seems to still be thriving, albeit with certain
|
|||
|
growing pains. At last count, our NODELIST had approximately
|
|||
|
2400 individual nodes in thirty countries and territories with
|
|||
|
the promise of more on the way. I've been told that over the
|
|||
|
last six months we have been growing at the rate of 125 new nodes
|
|||
|
per month. Should that rate continue we could expect to be 3400
|
|||
|
strong by the time we meet in Cincinnati. (Better book early!)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
IFNA - IT'S TIME
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
It's time to take a hard look at just what IFNA is, because it's
|
|||
|
not exactly what many of you have come to believe. I have been
|
|||
|
"preaching" the following concepts to my fellow board members,
|
|||
|
but have realized that the best way to convince them is to have
|
|||
|
the rest of you out there come to the same basic understanding
|
|||
|
I have - and then let you convince your representatives.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 18 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
OK, so let's look at one of the things that IFNA is not. It
|
|||
|
certainly is not an elitist group of a few people bent on taking
|
|||
|
control of FidoNet. I'll never understand how such an idea ever
|
|||
|
got started way back when, particulary at the very time when the
|
|||
|
then autocratic leaders of FidoNet tried to actually relinquish
|
|||
|
their hold on Net operations in favor of a more democratic
|
|||
|
process. But to this day there are people who still talk as
|
|||
|
though this is the greatest thing we have to fear.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
To me, as the current head of IFNA, IFNA is not so much an
|
|||
|
organization (although, of course, it has to be incorporated and
|
|||
|
have officers, procedures, and various operating mechanisms) as
|
|||
|
it is the spirit of FidoNet. That spirit started five years ago
|
|||
|
with Tom Jennings and John Madill and, along the way, infected
|
|||
|
all of the rest of us. Eventually, the burden of maintaining the
|
|||
|
expanding Net proved too much for TJ to handle and the job of
|
|||
|
overseeing the Net was passed to the guys in St. Louis (and
|
|||
|
others). Guided by that same spirit of FidoNet, this period saw
|
|||
|
the creation of the Net's operational heirarchy and the
|
|||
|
establishment of the various Coordinator positions to manage it.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Once again the growth of FidoNet was so great that it became time
|
|||
|
to pass the responsibility, and the spirit, onto another source
|
|||
|
of greater resources and, to this end, IFNA, the organization,
|
|||
|
was conceived and implemented. I know now, as I talk to the
|
|||
|
various individuals trying to somehow squeeze additional time and
|
|||
|
energy into their efforts for FidoNet, that it is that same
|
|||
|
FidoNet spirit that drives us all in what we try to do in IFNA.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
So how does this work? You, as individual SysOps, have consented
|
|||
|
to be governed by a chain of Hub/Area/Regional/Zone/International
|
|||
|
Coordinators. Essentially, each coordinator operates as a sort
|
|||
|
of "dictator" with full responsibility for his domain. You have
|
|||
|
no direct control over how he operates - the only mechanism you
|
|||
|
have (short of dropping out of his domain) to attempt any control
|
|||
|
over him is to convince his "boss" coordinator (who in many cases
|
|||
|
made the appointment in the first place) that your coordinator is
|
|||
|
not doing the job. No easy task. This was the sum total of the
|
|||
|
procedure until IFNA was formed. When the guys in St. Louis
|
|||
|
decided to form IFNA, one of the primary benefits they saw was
|
|||
|
the establishment of an overseeing body that would be responsible
|
|||
|
to all the Sysops of FidoNet and would manage for them, via the
|
|||
|
International Coordinator, the chains of coordinators. This
|
|||
|
management involvement was not intended to be on a direct basis
|
|||
|
up and down the chain, hasn't been, and won't be.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
What this primary function of IFNA does do, however, is close the
|
|||
|
loop. It allows you, the governed SysOp, to have an official say
|
|||
|
in the manner in which your network is administered by the
|
|||
|
various coordinators in the chain. This say is expressed through
|
|||
|
your direct vote and through the votes of your elected
|
|||
|
representatives. You charge these representatives to present
|
|||
|
your individual will for the future of FidoNet. What IFNA is
|
|||
|
then, in essence, is simply the collective will of concerned
|
|||
|
SysOps for the future of FidoNet.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 19 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
It's now time that we all really try to put this concept into
|
|||
|
action. We must give up any "us vs. them" mentality that we
|
|||
|
still maintain and understand that each and every one of us is
|
|||
|
operating with that same driving spirit of FidoNet. Oh, it may
|
|||
|
drive us in different directions on various topics, but the
|
|||
|
associated controvery should provide us with a synergetic energy,
|
|||
|
if we can all keep our emotions in check and operate on logic.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Speaking of keeping our emotions in check, one of the changes
|
|||
|
which I have personally effected is to once again subscribe to
|
|||
|
the IFNA EchoCon in order to insure more feedback between you and
|
|||
|
your leadership. You are invited to use that forum (or send to
|
|||
|
me direct) to ask questions, express your views and enter into
|
|||
|
SERIOUS discussion of the issues facing FidoNet. But please,
|
|||
|
leave your egos, insults, flame-throwers, and all other
|
|||
|
disruptive forces behind. FidoNet deserves better than that.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Each of you has a Divisional Representative to IFNA.
|
|||
|
Additionally, there are eleven other "at-large" directors. Adopt
|
|||
|
one or two. Make it clear to each of them that you believe in
|
|||
|
this concept and that this is how you wish to see things operate.
|
|||
|
Establish channels of communication whereby they can learn just
|
|||
|
what your will is on the various concerns confronting us, and you
|
|||
|
can see just what they are trying to accomplish towards your
|
|||
|
interests. There are many very difficult questions that they
|
|||
|
have to decide in this coming year, but it will be so much easier
|
|||
|
if you provide them with clear-cut declarations of your wishes.
|
|||
|
Try to understand the difficulties that they have in finding the
|
|||
|
various resources to meet their additional responsibilities on
|
|||
|
your behalf and offer to provide whatever you can to assist them.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
(All directors are supposed to meet in St. Louis February 19-21.
|
|||
|
Do you know that for more than one this represents a financial
|
|||
|
hardship? What can you do about that or other problems they may
|
|||
|
face in trying to meet their responsibility of representing you?)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNet is growing so fast that we can't hope to even maintain
|
|||
|
the status quo using our present approaches. Speaking just for
|
|||
|
myself, I know that unrealistic levels of time and energy are
|
|||
|
being expended (if you don't believe me, just ask my wife or
|
|||
|
child - or those of most of the other board members) and yet so
|
|||
|
little of what's required is getting done. We're going to have
|
|||
|
figure out new ways to provide the resources we need to catch up
|
|||
|
and stay caught up. In order to even begin to do this it's time
|
|||
|
to stop allowing our knee-jerk responses and really consider the
|
|||
|
implications of some truly tough questions:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o What level of involvement in the handling of EchoMail do
|
|||
|
you wish IFNA to take to protect all your interests relative
|
|||
|
to this important but geometrically expanding capability?
|
|||
|
(Don't reply "Hands off" unless you really want IFNA to do
|
|||
|
nothing should the present backbone structure some day
|
|||
|
collapse or some other major problem occur.)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o How can we expect to manage this already huge and
|
|||
|
fast-growing operation with part-time volunteers who, as
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 20 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
dedicated SysOps, are already overtaxed in terms of finances
|
|||
|
and time?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o Our International brethern, perhaps better accustomed than
|
|||
|
us to dealing with differences, still are coming to us to
|
|||
|
help them with the various problems they face. How can we
|
|||
|
respond to their needs when we have so much difficulty
|
|||
|
getting our own house in order?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o What should we be doing in terms of providing the
|
|||
|
education, liability protection and so many other similar
|
|||
|
services to our membership as required by a non-profit
|
|||
|
charter? How can we expect to undertake anything like this
|
|||
|
on our miniscule budget?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o How should we resolve the various questions concerning the
|
|||
|
place of so many facets of commercialism in a supposedly
|
|||
|
'amateur' Net? We provide valuable services that, even if
|
|||
|
we could figure out how to charge for them, should still be
|
|||
|
an attractive bargain. Shouldn't all pay their fair share?
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o It's time for us, both individually and collectively, to
|
|||
|
answer the question of whether FidoNet really is just a
|
|||
|
hobby or something more. It's easy to say that this is all
|
|||
|
a hobby when your scope of involvement is passing messages
|
|||
|
between a few systems. But when you are trying to provide
|
|||
|
the organization and administration for thousands of systems
|
|||
|
in dozens of countries, you quickly realize that to
|
|||
|
accomplish these goals requires more than a hobbyist
|
|||
|
mentality. Each of us needs to decide what level of
|
|||
|
involvement we are willing to support and then move in that
|
|||
|
direction. There is no reason that those of us with broader
|
|||
|
aspirations for the future of FidoNet cannot co-exist with
|
|||
|
those content to maintain the status quo. But it may well
|
|||
|
be necessary for us to restructure our separate approaches
|
|||
|
and operations to make this a reality.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
o It's also time that we looked at just what "Free" means in
|
|||
|
the term "Free Communication" we use so much. It means
|
|||
|
"open", "publicly accessible". It certainly does not mean
|
|||
|
"without cost" because someone, somewhere is picking up far
|
|||
|
more than their fair share. Just because you may have
|
|||
|
enjoyed certain no-fee services to date does not mean that
|
|||
|
this is some unalienable right. It means that you should be
|
|||
|
grateful for the gift you've received and should be asking
|
|||
|
yourself how to "repay" it in other ways or areas. You
|
|||
|
should also be trying to figure out now what you and we are
|
|||
|
going to do when your gracious benefactor(s) no longer can
|
|||
|
afford to meet the ever-increasing demand.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Two big meetings face the IFNA Board of Directors in 1988: the
|
|||
|
St. Louis meeting in February and the convention in August.
|
|||
|
Many decisions are going to made that affect you and your
|
|||
|
FidoNet. Please try to meet locally and electronically, calmly
|
|||
|
discuss the various issues to understand the impact of viewpoints
|
|||
|
and needs other than your own, and then express opinions and
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 21 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
suggestions to your representatives to help them enact your will.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Remember: IFNA is but the collective will of all SysOps concerned
|
|||
|
about the future of FidoNet.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
If that includes you, then support IFNA and your representatives.
|
|||
|
It's your best chance of making sure that FidoNet's growth not
|
|||
|
only won't cause it to collapse under its own weight but will be
|
|||
|
allowed to continue in directions you want.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 22 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
__
|
|||
|
The World's First / \
|
|||
|
BBS Network /|oo \
|
|||
|
* FidoNet * (_| /_)
|
|||
|
_`@/_ \ _
|
|||
|
| | \ \\
|
|||
|
| (*) | \ ))
|
|||
|
______ |__U__| / \//
|
|||
|
/ Fido \ _//|| _\ /
|
|||
|
(________) (_/(_|(____/ (tm)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Membership for the International FidoNet Association
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Membership in IFNA is open to any individual or organization that
|
|||
|
pays a specified annual membership fee. IFNA serves the
|
|||
|
international FidoNet-compatible electronic mail community to
|
|||
|
increase worldwide communications.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Member Name _______________________________ Date _______________
|
|||
|
Address _________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
City ____________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
State ________________________________ Zip _____________________
|
|||
|
Country _________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
Home Phone (Voice) ______________________________________________
|
|||
|
Work Phone (Voice) ______________________________________________
|
|||
|
Zone:Net/Node Number ____________________________________________
|
|||
|
BBS Name ________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
BBS Phone Number ________________________________________________
|
|||
|
Baud Rates Supported ____________________________________________
|
|||
|
Board Restrictions ______________________________________________
|
|||
|
Your Special Interests __________________________________________
|
|||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
In what areas would you be willing to help in FidoNet? __________
|
|||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
|||
|
Send this membership form and a check or money order for $25 in
|
|||
|
US Funds to:
|
|||
|
International FidoNet Association
|
|||
|
c/o Leonard Mednick, MBA, CPA
|
|||
|
700 Bishop Street, #1014
|
|||
|
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813-4112
|
|||
|
USA
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Thank you for your membership! Your participation will help to
|
|||
|
insure the future of FidoNet.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Please NOTE that IFNA is a general not-for-profit organization
|
|||
|
and Articles of Association and By-Laws were adopted by the
|
|||
|
membership in January 1987. The first elected Board of Directors
|
|||
|
was filled in August 1987. The IFNA Echomail Conference has been
|
|||
|
established on FidoNet to assist the Board. We welcome your
|
|||
|
input to this Conference.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FidoNews 5-01 Page 23 4 Jan 1988
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
INTERNATIONAL FIDONET ASSOCIATION
|
|||
|
ORDER FORM
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Publications
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
The IFNA publications can be obtained by downloading from Fido
|
|||
|
1:1/10 or other FidoNet compatible systems, or by purchasing
|
|||
|
them directly from IFNA. We ask that all our IFNA Committee
|
|||
|
Chairmen provide us with the latest versions of each
|
|||
|
publication, but we can make no written guarantees.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Hardcopy prices as of October 1, 1986
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
IFNA Fido BBS listing $15.00 _____
|
|||
|
IFNA Administrative Policy DOCs $10.00 _____
|
|||
|
IFNA FidoNet Standards Committee DOCs $10.00 _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SUBTOTAL _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
IFNA Member ONLY Special Offers
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
System Enhancement Associates SEAdog $60.00 _____
|
|||
|
SEAdog price as of March 1, 1987
|
|||
|
ONLY 1 copy SEAdog per IFNA Member
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Fido Software's Fido/FidoNet $100.00 _____
|
|||
|
Fido/FidoNet price as of November 1, 1987
|
|||
|
ONLY 1 copy Fido/FidoNet per IFNA Member
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
International orders include $10.00 for
|
|||
|
surface shipping or $20.00 for air shipping _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SUBTOTAL _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
HI. Residents add 4.0 % Sales tax _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
TOTAL _____
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER IN US FUNDS:
|
|||
|
International FidoNet Association
|
|||
|
c/o Leonard Mednick, MBA, CPA
|
|||
|
700 Bishop Street, #1014
|
|||
|
Honolulu, HI. 96813-4112
|
|||
|
USA
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Name________________________________
|
|||
|
Zone:Net/Node____:____/____
|
|||
|
Company_____________________________
|
|||
|
Address_____________________________
|
|||
|
City____________________ State____________ Zip_____
|
|||
|
Voice Phone_________________________
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
Signature___________________________
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|