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ARRoGANT CoURiERS WiTH ESSaYS
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Grade Level: Type of Work Subject/Topic is on:
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[ ]6-8 [ ]Class Notes [Essay on Aids ]
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[ ]9-10 [ ]Cliff Notes [ ]
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[x]11-12 [x]Essay/Report [ ]
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[ ]College [ ]Misc [ ]
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Dizzed: 10/94 # of Words:2472 School: ? State: ?
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>Chop Here><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>><3E><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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AIDS: A U.S.- Made Monster?
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PREFACE
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In an extensive article in the Summer-Autumn 1990 issue of "Top Secret",
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Prof J. Segal and Dr. L. Segal outline their theory that AIDS is a man-made
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disease, originating at Pentagon bacteriological warfare labs at Fort
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Detrick, Maryland. "Top Secret" is the international edition of the German
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magazine Geheim and is considered by many to be a sister publication to the
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American Covert Action Information Bulletin (CAIB). In fact, Top Secret
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carries the Naming Names column, which CAIB is prevented from doing by the
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American government, and which names CIA agents in different locations in
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the world. The article, named "AIDS: US-Made Monster" and subtitled "AIDS -
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its Nature and its Origins," is lengthy, has a lot of professional
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terminology and is dotted with footnotes.
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AIDS FACTS
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"The fatal weakening of the immune system which has given AIDS its name
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(Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome)," write the Segals, "has been traced
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back to a destruction or a functional failure of the T4-lymphocytes, also
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called 'helper cells`, which play a regulatory role in the production of
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antibodies in the immune system." In the course of the illness, the number
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of functional T4- cells is reduced greatly so that new anti-bodies cannot
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be produced and the defenceless patient remains exposed to a range of
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infections that under other circumstances would have been harmless. Most
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AIDS patients die from opportunistic infections rather than from the AIDS
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virus itself. The initial infection is characterized by diarrhea,
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erysipelas and intermittent fever. An apparent recovery follows after 2-3
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weeks, and in many cases the patient remains without symptoms and functions
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normally for years. Occasionally a swelling of the lymph glands, which does
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not affect the patient's well-being, can be observed. After several years,
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the pre-AIDS stage, known as ARC (Aids- Related Complex) sets in. This
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stage includes disorders in the digestive tract, kidneys and lungs. In most
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cases it develops into full-blown AIDS in about a year, at which point
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opportunistic illnesses occur. Parallel to this syndrome, disorders in
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various organ systems occur, the most severe in the brain, the symptoms of
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which range from motoric disorders to severe dementia and death. This set
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of symptoms, say the Segals, is identical in every detail with the Visna
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sickness which occurs in sheep, mainly in Iceland. (Visna means tiredness
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in Icelandic). However, the visna virus is not pathogenic for human beings.
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The Segals note that despite the fact that AIDS is transmitted only through
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sexual intercourse, blood transfusions and non- sterile hypodermic needles,
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the infection has spread dramatically. During the first few years after its
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discovery, the number of AIDS patients doubled every six months, and is
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still doubling every 12 months now though numerous measures have been taken
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against it. Based on these figures, it is estimated that in the US, which
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had 120,000 cases of AIDS at the end of 1988, 900,000 people will have AIDS
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or will have died of it by the end of 1991. It is also estimated that the
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number of people infected is at least ten times the number of those
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suffering from an acute case of AIDS. That in the year 1995 there will be
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between 10-14 million cases of AIDS and an additional 100 million people
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infected, 80 percent of them in the US, while a possible vaccination will
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not be available before 1995 by the most optimistic estimates. Even when
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such vaccination becomes available, it will not help those already
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infected. These and following figures have been reached at by several
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different mainstream sources, such as the US Surgeon General and the Chief
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of the medical services of the US Army. "AIDS does not merely bring certain
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dangers with it; it is clearly a programmed catastrophe for the human race,
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whose magnitude is comparable only with that of a nuclear war", say the
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Segals. " They later explain what they mean by "programmed," showing that
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the virus was produced by humans, namely Dr. Robert Gallo of the Bethesda
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Cancer Research Center in Maryland. When proceeding to prove their claims,
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the Segals are careful to note that: "We have given preference to the
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investigative results of highly renowned laboratories, whose objective
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contents cannot be doubted. We must emphasize, in this connection, that we
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do not know of any findings that have been published in professional
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journals that contradict our hypotheses."
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DISCOVERING AIDS
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The first KNOWN cases of AIDS occurred in New York in 1979. The first
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DESCRIBED cases were in California in 1979. The virus was isolated in Paris
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in May 1983, taken from a French homosexual who had returned home ill from
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a trip to the East Coast of the US. One year later, Robert Gallo and his
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co-workers at the Bethesda Cancer Research Center published their discovery
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of the same virus, which is cytotoxic. ( i.e poisonous to cells ) Shortly
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after publishing his discovery, Gallo stated to newspapers that the virus
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had developed by a natural process from the Human Adult Leukemia virus,
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HTLV-1, which he had previously discovered. However, this claim was not
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published in professional publications, and soon after, Alizon and
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Montagnier, two researchers of the Pasteur Institute in Paris published
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charts of HTLV-1 and HIV, showing that the viruses had basically different
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structures. They also declared categorically that they knew of no natural
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process by which one of these two forms could have evolved into the other.
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According to the professional "science" magazine, the fall 1984 annual
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meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS),
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was almost entirely devoted to the question of: to what extent new
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pathogenic agents could be produced via human manipulation of genes.
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According to the Segals, AIDS was practically the sole topic of discussion.
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THE AIDS VIRUS
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The Segals discuss the findings of Gonda et al, who compared the HIV,
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visna and other closely-related viruses and found that the visna virus is
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the most similar to HIV. The two were, in fact, 60% identical in 1986.
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According to findings of the Hahn group, the mutation rate of the HIV virus
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was about a million times higher than that of similar viruses, and that on
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the average a 10% alteration took place every two years. That would mean
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that in 1984, the difference between HIV and visna would have been only
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30%, in 1982- 20%, 10% in 1980 and zero in 1978. "This means," say the
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Segals, "that at this time visna viruses changed into HIV, receiving at the
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same time the ability to become parasites in human T4-cells and the high
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genetic instability that is not known in other retroviruses. This is also
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consistent with the fact that the first cases of AIDS appeared about one
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year later, in the spring of 1979." "In his comparison of the genomes of
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visna and HIV," add the Segals, "Coffin hit upon a remarkable feature. The
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env (envelope) area of the HIV genome, which encodes the envelope proteins
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which help the virus to attach itself to the host cell, is about 300
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nucleotides longer than the same area in visna. This behaviour suggests
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that an additional piece has been inserted into the genomes of the visna
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virus, a piece that alters the envelope proteins and enables them to bind
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themselves to the T4-receptors. BUT THIS SECTION BEHAVES LIKE A
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BIOLOGICALLY ALIEN BODY, which does not match the rest of the system
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biochemically.
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The above mentioned work by Gonda et al shows that the HIV virus has a
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section of about 300 nucleotides, which does not exist in the visna virus.
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That length corresponds with what Coffin described. That section is
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particularly unstable, which indicates that it is an alien object.
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According to the Segals, it "originates in an HTLV-1 genome, (discovered by
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Gallo-ED) for the likelihood of an accidental occurrence in HIV of a genome
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sequence 60% identical with a section of the HTLV-1 that is 300 nucleotides
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in length is zero." Since the visna virus is incapable of attaching itself
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to human T4 receptors, it must have been the transfer of the HTLV-1 genome
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section which gave visna the capability to do so. In other words, the
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addition of HTLV-1 to visna made the HIV virus. In addition, the high
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mutation rate of the HIV genome has been explained by another scientific
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team, Chandra et al, by the fact that it is "a combination of two genome
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parts which are alien to each other BY ARTIFICIAL MEANS rather than by a
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natural process of evolution, because this process would have immediately
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eliminated, through natural selection, systems that are so replete with
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disorders." "These are the facts of the case," say the Segals. "HIV is
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essentially a visna virus which carries an additional protein monomer of
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HTLV-1 that has an epitope capable of bonding with T4 receptors. Neither
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Alizon and Montagnier nor any other biologist know of any natural mechanism
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that would make it possible for the epitope to be transferred from HTLV-1
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to the visna virus. For this reason we can come to only one conclusion:
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that this gene combination arose by artificial means, through gene
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manipulation."
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THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIV
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"The construction of a recombinant virus by means of gene manipulation is
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extraordinarily expensive, and it requires a large number of highly
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qualified personnel, complicated equipment and expensive high security
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laboratories. Moreover, the product would have no commercial value. Who,
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then," ask the Segals, "would have provided the resources for a type of
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research that was aimed solely at the production of a new disease that
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would be deadly to human beings?" The English sociologist Allistair Hay (as
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well as Paxman et al in "A Higher Form of Killing"-ED), published a
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document whose authenticity has been confirmed by the US Congress, showing
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that a representative of the Pentagon requested in 1969 additional funding
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for biological warfare research. The intention was to create, within the
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next ten years, a new virus that would not be susceptible to the immune
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system, so that the afflicted patient would not be able to develop any
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defense against it. Ten years later, in the spring of 1979, the first cases
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of AIDS appeared in New York. "Thus began a phase of frantic
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experimentation," say the Segals. One group was working on trying to cause
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animal pathogens to adapt themselves to life in human beings. This was done
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under the cover of searching for a cure for cancer. The race was won by
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Gallo, who described his findings in 1975. A year later, Gallo described
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gene manipulations he was conducting. In 1980 he published his discovery of
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HTLV. In the fall of 1977, a P4 (highest security category of laboratory,
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in which human pathogens are subjected to genetic manipulations) laboratory
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was officially opened in building 550 of Fort Detrick, MD, the Pentagon's
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main biological warfare research center. "In an article in 'Der Spiegel`,
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Prof. Mollings point out that this type of gene manipulation was still
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extremely difficult in 1977. One would have had to have a genius as great
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as Robert Gallo for this purpose, note the Segals." Lo and behold. In a
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supposed compliance with the international accord banning the research,
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production and storage of biological weapons, part of Fort Detrick was
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"demilitarized" and the virus section renamed the "Frederick Cancer
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Research Facility". It was put under the direction of the Cancer Research
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Institute in neighbouring Bethesda, whose director was no other than Robert
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Gallo. This happened in 1975, the year Gallo discovered HTLV. Explaining
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how the virus escaped, the Segals note that in the US, biological agents
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are traditionally tested on prisoners who are incarcerated for long
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periods, and who are promised freedom if they survive the test. However,
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the initial HIV infection symptoms are mild and followed by a seemingly
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healthy patient. "Those who conducted the research must have concluded that
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the new virus was...not so virulent that it could be considered for
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military use, and the test patients, who had seemingly recovered, were
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given their freedom. Most of the patients were professional criminals and
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New York City, which is relatively close, offered them a suitable milieu.
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Moreover, the patients were exclusively men, many of them having a history
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of homosexuality and drug abuse, as is often the case in American prisons.
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It is understandable why AIDS broke out precisely in 1979, precisely among
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men and among drug users, and precisely in New York City," assert the
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Segals. They go on to explain that whereas in cases of infection by means
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of sexual contact, incubation periods are two years and more, while in
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cases of massive infection via blood transfusions, as must have been the
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case with prisoners, incubation periods are shorter than a year. "Thus, if
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the new virus was ready at the beginning of 1978 and if the experiments
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began without too much delay, then the first cases of full-blown AIDS in
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1979 were exactly the resultthat could have been expected." In the next
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three lengthy chapters, the Segals examine other theories, "legends" as
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they call them, of the origins of AIDS. Dissecting each claim, they show
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that they have no scientific standing, providing also the findings of other
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scientists. They also bring up the arguments of scientists and popular
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writers who have been at the task of discounting them as "conspiracy
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theorists" and show these writers' shortcomings. Interested readers will
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have to read the original article to follow those debates. I will only
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quote two more paragraphs: "We often heard the argument that experiments
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with human volunteers are part of a barbaric past, and that they would be
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impossible in the US today... We wish to present one single document whose
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authenticity is beyond doubt. An investigative commission of the US House
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of Representatives presented in October 1986 a final report concerning the
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Manhattan Project. According to this document, between 1945 and 1975 at
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least 695 American citizens were exposed to dangerous doses of
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radioactivity. Some of them were prisoners who had volunteered, but they
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also included residents of old-age homes, inmates of insane asylums,
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handicapped people in nursing homes, and even normal patients in public
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hospitals; most of them were subjected to these experiments without their
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permission. Thus the 'barbaric past` is not really a thing of the past."
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"It is remarkable that most of these experiments were carried out in
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university institutes and federal hospitals, all of which are named in the
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report. Nonetheless, these facts remained secret until 1984, and even then
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a Congressional committee that was equipped with all the necessary
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authorization needed two years in order to bring these facts to life. We
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are often asked how the work on the AIDS virus could have been kept secret.
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Now, experiments performed on a few dozen prisoners in a laboratory that is
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subject to military security can be far more easily kept secret than could
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be the Manhattan Project."
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