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For Love and Freedom on Clean Mother-Earth!
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"ECODEFENSE!inform" environmental inform-bulletin * number 32 *
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..............................................* NOVEMBER 1994 *
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"ECODEFENSE!"
Moskovsky prospekt 120-34
236006 Kaliningrad/Koenigsberg
Russia
telephone +7 0112 437286
E-mail: ecodefense@glas.apc.org
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BALTIC SEA REGION ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS BULLETIN
_______________________________________________________________
CONTENT
ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS
VOLVO TO ASSEMBLY TRACKS NEAR WROCLAW LATE JANUARY 1995
ECODEFENSE!inform present
THE TRANS-BALTIC NETWORK
Continuation
POLAND'S CONSERVATIVE AGRICULTURE
_______________________________________________________________
* One from best e-mail news conference <pns.baltic> closed.
People, who are interested, can call information in conference
<baltic.news>.
* Third issue (Autumn'94) of ECODEFENSE!jounal published by
Koenigsberg's ECODEFENSE! Content: Orin Langelle -
Revolutionary Ecology; Judith Plant - Search Common Ground; 23
September direct action of russian environmentalists around
President's administration in Moscow; Glasgow EF! anti-road
campaign; and many other. In Russian, 20 pages. Contact and
subscription: Moskovsky pr.120-34, 236006 Kaliningrad, Russia,
tel +7 0112 437286, e-mail:ecodefense@glas.apc.org
* The office of Sustainable Energy News together with the
INforSE-Europe Secretariat have moved to the main office of
OVE, Danish Organization for Renewable Energy in
Aarhus,Denmark. Contact: OVE, Sustainable Energy News, INforSE
c/o OVE, Skovvangsvej 191, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
Ph/fax: +45 8610-6466/-6168, e-mail: ove@pns.apc.org
* Oct. 31, 1994 Germany,ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM DRAFTED BY BUND TO
GUIDE NEW GOVERNMENT'S EARLY AGENDA DUSSELDORF (BNA) -- One of
Germany's largest environmental groups has drafted a 10-point
environmental program for the new government to address
_______________________________________________________________
VOLVO TO ASSEMBLY TRUCKS NEAR WROCLAW LATE JANUARY 1995
Wroclaw, oct. 26: director general of volvo truck poland
goran simonsson on wednesday told a news conference in wroclaw
that by the end of january, 1995 the company will open a plant
near wroclaw to assembly trucks.
Volvo is now in talks, likely to end this week, with three
partners over the location of the plant. according to unoffici-
al information, the assembly shop will be set up in the commune
of dlugoleka.
Simonsson declined to give the costs of the planned pro-
ject announcing that "this will not be a low cost investment."
he said that the costs depend on whether the company will mana-
ge to buy or lease the land and facilities. The assembly shop's
initial employment will be around 100 workers and its annual
production capacity is estimated at 1,000 vehicles but both
employment and production output will be gradually expanded de-
pending on the development of the polish market.
Volvo truck poland started to assembly trucks at the car
plant in jelcz but as a result of the april tender for the pri-
vatisation of the company, "sobieslaw zasada centrum s.a." was
chosen a strategic investor. An agreement between volvo and
jelcz expires on december 31, 1994.
"We strongly believe in poland's market and that is why we
are ready to invest in our own plant. at present, we have a so-
me 50 per cent share in the sale of trucks. we will supply po-
lish customers with over 500 trucks by the end of the year,"
Simonsson explained.
PAP
_______________________________________________________________
THE TRANS-BALTIC NETWORK
The TransBalticNetwork unites all popular and non-governmental
forces that work for a Baltic Sea commuity based on
sustainable security!
The end of the cold war and the liberation of the Baltic
states has started a new era for the Baltic region. Obstacles
to cooperation have disappeared and the possibilities for
peaceful cooperation between all countries around the Baltic
Sea are toda lar
Economic cooperation is of great importance for the
development of the area, but so are cooperation in solving
common problems as pollution, political and ethnic divisions.
The Trans-Baltic Network (TBN) is set up to strengthen the
cooperation between the popular forces around the Baltic Sea
that work for protection and restoration of the environment,
military disarmament, and respect for human rights. By joining
forces our Join the Trans-Baltic Network!
The Trans-Baltic Network For Sustainable Security in the
Baltic Sea Region!
The Trans-Baltic Network has two functions:
1. TBN supports individuals and associations that are working,
or want to work for a Baltic Sea community based on
sustainable security. This support includes linking groups
that work with related issues, providing information and
arranging issue-oriented.
2. TBN also function as a coordinator of common projects
between the member associations/individuals. These projects
concern all activities that facilitate the establishment of a
community based on sustainable security in the region.
*
TBN and the Council of the Baltic Sea States To strengthen
cooperation between the states around the Baltic Sea, an
inter-govermental organization including all the states
bordering the Baltic Sea was founded in 1992. The
organization, the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS), has
initiated ever.
Sustainable security TBN seeks to achieve sustainable
security. The concept includes political, social, economic and
ecological aspects of security as well as military aspects.
TBN believes it is possible to create regional security
through political and civil cooperation.
Background The Trans-Baltic Network was founded by the
politically and religiously independent nongovernmental
organizations The Baltic International Center for Human
Education (Cooperation for Peace, Baltic Center) (Riga),
Cooperation for Peace (Stockholm) and the others.
Membership TBN is open for all individuals and associations
interested in working for the establishment of a security
community based on sustainable security in the Baltic Region.
As member of the Trans-Baltic Network the
association/individual receives:
- a newsletter
- participation in regional seminars, conferences and other
activities
- access to organizational and activity support
- access to an activity/organization database
- access to TBNs electronic mail conference
The membership of TBN is free of charge. Associations and
individuals can become members through either writing or
calling the organizers listed below.
For membership & more information - contact one of the
organizors!
In Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark contact:
Peace Union of Finland The Peace Station / Loktorget SF-00520
HELSINKI, Finland Phone: +358-(0)-141314 Fax: +358-(0)-147297
E-mail: comof100@nn.apc.org
Cooperation For Peace Lundagatan 56 S-117 28 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
Phone: +46-(0)8-6697520 Fax: +46-(0)8-849016 E-mail:
peacequest@nn.apc.org
Stockholm Peace Association Box 11191 S-100 61 Stockholm,
Sweden phone: +46-(8)-393063 fax: +46-(8)-6000443 e-mail:
fandstrom@nn.apc.org
In Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, Poland and Russia
contact:
Cooperation for Peace -The Baltic Center Azenes iela 16-239
LV-1048 RIGA, Latvia Phone: +371-(2)-617787 Fax:
+371-(2)-212206 E-mail: bc@cfp.edu.lv
_______________________________________________________________
POLAND'S CONSERVATIVE AGRICULTURE
by Piotr Andrzejewski
(continuation from issue 31)
In the 1980s, farmers firmly subscribed to a liberal vision of
the state order, a preference they made known during the Round
Table negotiations. Since then, recession and unemployment
have sent demand for food down 20% and cheap foreign food
products have been flowing in as a result of liberalised
foreign trade regulations. These changes soon produced
effects. Now farmers are the most dedicated advocates of the
same welfare state they disowned only a short time ago, with a
substantial proportion of the farmer community perceiving the
re-modelling of the state and economic reforms as schemes
prejudicial to the peasants and the agricultural sector. The
Polish Peasant Party [PSL] has sensed these sentiments and
used them adroitly. On the one hand, through articulating
concerns and claims of rural populations, that party won a
stable electorate; on the other hand, it has been a hostage of
small farm owners. The net result is that, because of its
short-term political interests, the PSL is not and couldn't
possibly be a champion of agricultural restructuring.
The emergence of larger farms, through the process of land
consolidation, is the essence of agricultural restructuring.
This process reduces the demand for labour and forces some
ex-owners of small farms to look for employment beyond the
agricultural sector. Agriculture restructuring involves two
categories of outlays: costs of equipping the enlarged farms
with suitable facilities and equipment and costs (to be
covered by the budget) of creating jobs for labour leaving the
agricultural sector. Specialists estimate that, even at a
moderate pace of the restructuring, 1.2 million new jobs must
be created before owners of uneconomic farms can be persuaded
to part with their land. Obviously, at this moment the labour
market situation does not facilitate this operation. With
registered unemployment standing at 17% of the national labour
force and with hidden unemployment believed to be very
substantial (the restructuring of coal mining alone will
involve the loss of 150 thousand jobs), migrating farm labour
will find competition on the labour market very intense.
The ruling coalition's economic policy hardly reflects
attempts to change this undesirable state of things. On the
contrary, "Report of Agriculture" prepared by minister [of
agriculture] Smietanko's staff pronounces "diverting resources
to agriculture and rural areas, in subsidies and low-interest
loans [arranged] through the budget's increased involvement in
financing progress in agriculture and rural infrastructure"
indispensable. In other words, instead of measures designed to
encourage and further genuine changes, we will see bargaining
for more and more subsidies while the archaic structure is
preserved intact. Minimum prices which make consumers
subsidise uneconomic and unwanted crops and the farming
sector's poor performers are another factor petrifying the
obsolete pattern of our agriculture. Let's face it: the
consumers have been paying for the archaic structure of
Poland's agriculture and the PSL's political comfort, and they
will continue to pay, more and more.
In the United States, 4,812 thousand farms collapsed between
1935 and 1990. The 2 million which survived make a highly
diverse pattern:
a narrow group of giant farms at one end of the spectrum
and countless diminutive holdings quasi-farms, in fact,
for their owners have long relied for non-farm sources
of subsistence on the other.
In several years, the 500 largest farms will supply food to
half of the U.S. population.
What does future hold for the Polish farming sector?
Will it polarise, into commercial peasant farms in the
Wielkopolska, Kujawy and Pomerania regions on the one end of
the spectrum and huge sections of post-PGR fallow land in
Sorthern and western regions on the other? What prospects can
the absurdly dispersed agriculture in the southern regions
possibly have? How will peasants in the Bialystok and Lublin
voivodships cope? The initial wave of competitive western
produce already sent Polish farmers into a state of shock.
Today, 70% of Polish farms are on the verge of bankruptcy.
Agriculture in Poland and West Europe: World Apart
France Denmark Germany Poland
Employment in agriculture
(% of national labour) 6.7 5.3 3.5 25.8
Farms below 10 ha (%) 29.9 18.0 47.0 53.4
Land-to-tractor ratio
(in hectares per 1 tractor) 12.3 15.8 7.6 12.1
Fertiliser consumption
(kg per 1 ha) 185.5 227.1 181.5 95.1
Average crop yield per 1 ha 63.7 .. 49.0 23.9
(in quintal)
..= data not available
the end
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ECODEFENSE!inform bulletins get more than 150 env.NGOs of EARTH
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Editorial Board thanks for financial help from "Sowing the
Seeds of Democracy: A project for Environmental Grant-Making
in tha NIS" program, which realize by ISAR.
Also, special thank to Sacred Earth Network and
Socio-Ecological Union for diverse help.
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The reprint are welcome (with the reference, if possible).
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Editorial Board: Alexandra Koroleva, Vladimir Sliviak
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